Jack Dangermond: An ever-evolving map of everything on Earth | TED Countdown

翻译人员: Mingming Ma 校对人员: Yip Yan Yeung

The world that we live in is not well-known.

我们对自己所生活的 这个世界知之甚少。

It's fragile.

它很脆弱。

It’s rich in biodiversity.

它有着丰富的生物多样性。

And it’s increasingly impacted by human activities.

它越来越受到人类活动的影响。

Geologists are beginning to call this era the Anthropocene.

地理学家们开始 将这个时代称为“人类世”。

Today, our world is in trouble because humans are living carelessly.

如今，由于人类生活得粗心大意， 我们的世界陷入了困境。

We are threatening our very future.

我们正在威胁我们自己的未来。

We are, as human beings,

作为人类，我们

going to have to collectively come together

必须要团结起来，

and address these challenges.

共同应对这些挑战。

A sustainable future, in my mind, is possible,

在我看来，一个可持续发展的 未来是有可能实现的，

but we’re going to have to do many things,

但我们还需要做很多事情，

and we're going to have to do these now.

而且这些事情 我们现在就必须要做。

Sustainability really requires that we see the world as one system.

可持续性发展确实要求我们 将世界视作一个系统。

Today, in my field, the geospatial field,

今天，在我的专业领域—— 地理空间学中，

we are seeing technologies emerge that are becoming interconnected.

我们正看到各种技术的出现， 这些技术也在变得相互关联。

They're allowing us to measure,

这些技术让我们能测量、

analyze and understand what's occurring on our globe.

分析以及理解 地球上正在发生的事情。

We're bringing together geographic information from many sources,

我们将来自各方的 地理信息汇集在一起，

virtually describing everything that is occurring on our planet.

几乎就能描述我们 星球上发生的一切。

These technologies are being systematically interconnected

这些技术正在系统地

with the web,

与网络互联，

and opening up,

并对外开放，

allowing organizations to be able to see information

让各组织机构能够看到信息，

and create what I like to describe

从而创建了一个系统， 我想把它描述为

as a geographic information system for our entire planet.

整个地球的地理信息系统。

This system promises to be a platform

这个系统有希望成为一个平台，

for better understanding and managing our planet,

让我们能更好地理解 和管理我们的地球，

a kind of nervous system for a more sustainable future.

这像是一种为了能有更可持续发展的 未来而创建的“神经系统”。

A central part of this system is content.

这个系统的核心部分是内容。

We are creating a living atlas of our planet

我们正在为我们的地球创建 一部活的地图册。

that provides a massive collection of authoritative data and map layers,

它能提供大量的权威数据和地图层，

describing information on things like population and the economy.

描绘很多诸如人口和经济等方面的信息。

A wealth of information on natural systems,

还会提供丰富的自然系统信息，

including all the -ologies:

包括各种学科类别：

hydrology, biology, vegetation

水文学、生物学、植被，

and, of course, the rich biodiversity that sustains us.

当然，还包括我们赖以生存的、 丰富的生物多样性。

This atlas also includes imagery from many sources,

这份地图册还包括各种图像，

from satellites, aerial photography,

可能来自卫星、航空拍摄，

describing the changing human footprint on our planet.

用以描述我们地球上 正在发生变化的人类足迹。

Some of these layers are also almost real-time,

其中有些地图层几乎是实时的，

providing information about pollution and weather and land cover.

提供关于污染、天气 以及土地覆盖方面的信息。

Remote sensing and machine learning are making it possible for us

遥感和机器学习技术让我们有可能

to see things like wildfires here in the US,

看到像美国地区发生野火的情况，

but also in Greece and Russia,

而且，今年还可能 观察到希腊、俄国、

in Italy and Turkey this year.

意大利和土耳其的情况。

This data has been made available by thousands of individual,

这些数据已经由成千上万的个人、

trusted scientific government and NGO organizations

可信赖的科研型政府机构和 非政府组织提供。

who wish to share and make their data available openly.

他们希望分享他们的数据 并公开使用。

Recently, my colleagues and I developed a new 10-meter global map of land cover

最近，我和我的同事们开发了 一款长达 10 米的新型

for the entire planet.

全球土地覆盖地图。

This was computed in less than a week using AI and machine learning.

这是使用人工智能和机器学习技术 在不到一周的时间里计算出来的。

It has given us a clear picture of land-cover patterns today

它让我们对今天的土地覆盖格局 有了清晰的了解，

and will also be the foundation for us to periodically show change,

也将成为我们定期展示变化的基础，

update the footprint almost in real time.

几乎实时更新足迹。

Here, for example, we can see in Malaysia

举个例子， 我们能看到，在马来西亚

where the demand for palm oil is impacting and consuming natural areas.

棕榈油的需求正在 影响和消耗自然区域。

In Buenos Aires, we can see the effect of urbanization and sprawl

在布宜诺斯艾利斯（Buenos Aires）， 我们可以看到城市化和城市扩张

on impacting natural lands around the city.

对城市周围自然土地的影响。

In Xingu, in Brazil,

巴西的兴古河（Xingu）流域

this is a really amazing point,

是一个非常神奇的地方，

because it's showing where the government has actually looked ahead

因为看得出来 当地政府确实很有远见，

and protected certain areas in special zones

保护了特殊区域中的某些部分，

so that biodiversity will be sustained.

从而生物多样性才能维持可持续性。

GS is also being used to model and forecast our future.

地理空间系统（GS）也在被用于 为我们的未来建立模型和进行预测。

For example, this amazing map of 2050 land cover

比如，这张神奇的 2050 年土地覆盖地图

predicts, using various statistical means,

运用各种统计学方法预测到

the expansion of where the human footprint is going

人类足迹正在往哪里扩展，

and how it might impact areas of rich biodiversity.

以及，这将会如何影响 生物多样性很丰富的区域。

Organizations around the world are already leveraging this geospatial nervous system

世界各地的组织机构也已经在 利用这个地理空间神经系统，

for better planning and decision making.

用以进行更好地规划和做出决策。

In the future,

今后，

we're going to have to empower virtually every organization

我们将必须要让几乎所有的组织机构

to embrace this new geographic approach.

接受这种新型的地理学方法。

The geographic approach is a way

这种地理学方法是一种

to bring all this information together

把所有信息汇总在一起的途径，

to see holistically how things are interrelated.

然后从整体上看所有事情 是如何相互关联的。

A science-based approach which is inclusive,

基于科学依据的方法具有包容性，

that can bring together multiple populations

它可以将多个群体汇集在一起

to be able to create more intelligent actions

从而能够创造出更明智的行动，

and create a more sustainable future.

以及创造出一个更加可持续的未来。

These kinds of advances in technology and information

这类技术和信息方面的进步

are increasingly available,

越来越多地涌现，

but it's going to take more than simply technology

但是，只是简单地 运用技术还不能

to create a sustainable future.

创造一个可持续性的未来。

It’s going to require major segments of our society --

它需要我们的社会主体——

organizations, governments, businesses around the world --

世界各地的组织机构、政府、企业，

embracing this science,

接受这类科学、

embracing what technology can offer

接受科技能做到的一切，

and using their creative and design skills

以及运用他们的创造力和设计技能，

to be able to create a better future.

从而创造出一个更好的未来。

Ultimately, it'll require all of us to integrate this kind of thinking,

最终，这将需要我们 所有人把这种思维，

this science-based thinking, this geographic-approach thinking,

这种基于科学依据的思维， 这种地理学思维，

into the way that we make decisions,

融合到我们的决策方式中，

both as individuals

这既适用于个人

and also in all of our institutions,

也适用于所有机构，

locally, regionally,

本土的、区域性的、

nationally and ultimately globally.

全国性的， 最终乃至全球范围内实现。

Like the internet and other pervasive technologies,

像网络以及其他流行的技术，

this nervous system is going to grow and expand.

这种神经系统将会增长和扩展。

It's going to empower our collective response

它将增强我们集体应对的能力，

to understanding and taking action -- not only for climate,

让我们能够理解并采取行动， 不仅仅是针对气候问题，

but also all the interrelated challenges that we are facing as a global society.

还有是对我们作为一个全球社会 所面临的所有相互关联的挑战。

We have the tools and the science for better understanding.

我们有了这些能更好地理解 地球的工具和科学方法。

Now that we can see as much as we can see,

现在，既然我们已经 尽力拓宽了视野，

we must act.

我们就必须行动起来。

Thank you very much.

非常感谢您的聆听！