Jack Dangermond: An ever-evolving map of everything on Earth | TED Countdown

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Helen Chang

The world that we live in is not well-known.

我們所處的世界並未被大家所熟知。

It's fragile.

它很脆弱。

It’s rich in biodiversity.

它充滿生物多樣性。

And it’s increasingly impacted by human activities.

且它受到人類活動的影響越來越大。

Geologists are beginning to call this era the Anthropocene.

地理學家開始稱 這個時代為「人類世」。

Today, our world is in trouble because humans are living carelessly.

現今，我們的世界有麻煩了， 因為人類很隨意地過生活。

We are threatening our very future.

我們在威脅自己的未來。

We are, as human beings,

我們人類必須要全體同心協力，

going to have to collectively come together

and address these challenges.

處理這些難題。

A sustainable future, in my mind, is possible,

我認為永續的未來是有可能的， 但我們有許多工作要做，

but we’re going to have to do many things,

and we're going to have to do these now.

且現在就得要著手。

Sustainability really requires that we see the world as one system.

要做到永續，我們就得 把這個世界視為單一個系統。

Today, in my field, the geospatial field,

現今，在我的領域，地理空間領域，

we are seeing technologies emerge that are becoming interconnected.

我們看到新興的科技 能夠開始相互連結，

They're allowing us to measure,

它們讓我們能測量、

分析，及了解地球上 正在發生什麼事。

analyze and understand what's occurring on our globe.

We're bringing together geographic information from many sources,

我們在整合多種來源的地理資訊，

實際去呈現地球上正在發生的一切。

virtually describing everything that is occurring on our planet.

These technologies are being systematically interconnected

這些科技被系統性地 和網路連結在一起，

with the web,

and opening up,

並對外開放，

allowing organizations to be able to see information

讓組織機構能看到資訊，

and create what I like to describe

並創建我所謂的 「整個地球的地理資訊系統」。

as a geographic information system for our entire planet.

This system promises to be a platform

這個系統有望成為一個平台，

for better understanding and managing our planet,

幫我們更了解地球並把它管理得更好，

a kind of nervous system for a more sustainable future.

有點像是為更永續的未來 建造神經系統。

A central part of this system is content.

這個系統的核心是內容。

We are creating a living atlas of our planet

我們在為地球創建一個活的地圖集，

that provides a massive collection of authoritative data and map layers,

能提供大量可信賴的資料和地圖層，

用以呈現如人口和經濟等資訊。

describing information on things like population and the economy.

A wealth of information on natural systems,

很豐富的自然系統相關資訊，包括：

including all the -ologies:

各種科學，水文學、生物學、植物，

hydrology, biology, vegetation

and, of course, the rich biodiversity that sustains us.

當然，還有讓我們 賴以維生的豐富多樣性。

This atlas also includes imagery from many sources,

這個地圖集也包括 來自許多來源的影像，

from satellites, aerial photography,

來自衛星、航空攝影，

describing the changing human footprint on our planet.

呈現出地球上人類足跡的改變。

Some of these layers are also almost real-time,

有些圖層是幾乎即時的，

提供關於汙染、天氣， 以及土地覆蓋的資訊。

providing information about pollution and weather and land cover.

Remote sensing and machine learning are making it possible for us

遙測和機器學習讓我們能夠看見

to see things like wildfires here in the US,

像是美國本土的野火，還有

but also in Greece and Russia,

希臘、俄羅斯、義大利， 及土耳其今年的野火。

in Italy and Turkey this year.

這些資料能夠釋出， 功臣包括數以千計的

This data has been made available by thousands of individual,

個人、可信賴的政府 及非政府科學組織，

trusted scientific government and NGO organizations

who wish to share and make their data available openly.

他們都希望能分享 與公開他們的資料。

Recently, my colleagues and I developed a new 10-meter global map of land cover

最近，我和我的同事 開發出了新的十公尺

全地球土地覆蓋地圖。

for the entire planet.

This was computed in less than a week using AI and machine learning.

只花了不到一星期做計算， 靠的是人工智慧和機器學習。

It has given us a clear picture of land-cover patterns today

它讓我們能清楚看到 現今的土地覆蓋模式，

and will also be the foundation for us to periodically show change,

我們也能用它當基礎， 定期把改變呈現出來，

update the footprint almost in real time.

幾乎即時地更新足跡資料。

Here, for example, we can see in Malaysia

比如，在這裡，可以看到在馬來西亞

where the demand for palm oil is impacting and consuming natural areas.

棕櫊油的需求 正在衝擊和消耗自然區域。

In Buenos Aires, we can see the effect of urbanization and sprawl

在布宜諾斯艾利斯 我們看得到都市化及都市蔓延

on impacting natural lands around the city.

如何影響到城市周圍的自然土地。

In Xingu, in Brazil,

在巴西的欣古，

this is a really amazing point,

這個點真的很讓人驚奇，

because it's showing where the government has actually looked ahead

因為它呈現出該政府 真的會考慮將來，

and protected certain areas in special zones

保護特別地帶的某些區域，

so that biodiversity will be sustained.

以維持生物多樣性。

GS is also being used to model and forecast our future.

GS 也被用來建模 和預測我們的未來。

For example, this amazing map of 2050 land cover

比如，這張驚人的地圖 是 2050 年的土地覆蓋，

它用各種統計方法來預測

predicts, using various statistical means,

the expansion of where the human footprint is going

人類足跡會向哪裡擴展，

and how it might impact areas of rich biodiversity.

以及它會如何衝擊到 生物多樣性豐富的區域。

Organizations around the world are already leveraging this geospatial nervous system

世界各地都已經有組織 在運用這個地理空間神經系統

for better planning and decision making.

來做更好的規劃和決策。

In the future,

在未來，我們得要

we're going to have to empower virtually every organization

真的讓每一個組織都有能力

to embrace this new geographic approach.

善用這種新的地理方法。

The geographic approach is a way

這種地理方法可以 把所有這些資訊整合起來，

to bring all this information together

to see holistically how things are interrelated.

從整體角度來看一切的相互關聯。

A science-based approach which is inclusive,

這個以科學為基礎的 方法很有包容性，

that can bring together multiple populations

能夠讓多種族群結合起來，

to be able to create more intelligent actions

創造出更有智慧的行動，

and create a more sustainable future.

並創造出更永續的未來。

These kinds of advances in technology and information

這類在科技和資訊上的進步

are increasingly available,

越來越普及，但要創造永續的未來，

but it's going to take more than simply technology

光靠科技是不夠的。

to create a sustainable future.

It’s going to require major segments of our society --

會需要我們社會的重要部門——

organizations, governments, businesses around the world --

包括世界各地的組織、 政府、企業——

embracing this science,

擁抱這種科學，

embracing what technology can offer

接受科技能帶來什麼好處，

並運用他們的創意及設計技能來

and using their creative and design skills

to be able to create a better future.

創造出更美好的未來。

Ultimately, it'll require all of us to integrate this kind of thinking,

最終，會需要我們 所有人整合這種思考，

this science-based thinking, this geographic-approach thinking,

這種以科學為基礎的思考， 運用地理方法的思考，

into the way that we make decisions,

用在我們的決策上，

both as individuals

不只是個人決策，

and also in all of our institutions,

還有我們機構的決策，

locally, regionally,

推展到各地方、各地區、全國，

nationally and ultimately globally.

最終，全球。

Like the internet and other pervasive technologies,

就像網際網路及其他普遍的科技，

this nervous system is going to grow and expand.

這個神經系統會成長、擴大。

It's going to empower our collective response

它會讓我們更有能力做集體的因應，

to understanding and taking action -- not only for climate,

能去了解並採取行動——

不只針對氣候，

but also all the interrelated challenges that we are facing as a global society.

還有我們身為全球共同體 所面臨的相關難題。

We have the tools and the science for better understanding.

我們有工具和科學 讓我們能有更多了解。

Now that we can see as much as we can see,

現在我們可以看到這麼多了，

we must act.

就必須要行動。

Thank you very much.

非常謝謝。