Brittney Cooper: The racial politics of time | TED

99,162 views ใƒป 2017-03-14

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jungah An ๊ฒ€ํ† : Gichung Lee
00:12
What if I told you that time has a race,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์ธ์ข…์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”.
00:17
a race in the contemporary way that we understand race
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ธ์ข…์ด๋ž€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ธ์ข…์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
in the United States?
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00:21
Typically, we talk about race in terms of black and white issues.
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๋ณดํ†ต, ์ธ์ข…์ด๋ž€ ํ‘์ธ๊ณผ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ฃ .
00:27
In the African-American communities from which I come,
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์ € ๊ฐ™์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
00:30
we have a long-standing multi-generational joke
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๋Œ€๋Œ€๋กœ ์ „ํ•ด ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ๋†๋‹ด์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
about what we call "CP time,"
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"CP time" ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฐ์š”.
00:35
or "colored people's time."
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"์œ ์ƒ‰ ์ธ์ข…๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
Now, we no longer refer to African-Americans as "colored,"
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋”์ด์ƒ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์„ "์œ ์ƒ‰ ์ธ์ข…"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
00:41
but this long-standing joke
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์ด ๋†๋‹ด์€ ์•„์ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„์„œ
00:43
about our perpetual lateness to church,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตํšŒ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฐ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Šฆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:45
to cookouts, to family events
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์•ผ์™ธ ์‹์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑํ–‰์‚ฌ
00:47
and even to our own funerals, remains.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ž๊ธฐ ์žฅ๋ก€์‹์—๋„ ๋Šฆ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
00:50
I personally am a stickler for time.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
It's almost as if my mother, when I was growing up, said,
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์ œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ ์ €ํฌ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
00:56
"We will not be those black people."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ผ."
00:58
So we typically arrive to events 30 minutes early.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์•ฝ์†์‹œ๊ฐ„ 30๋ถ„ ์ „์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
But today, I want to talk to you more about the political nature of time,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜, ์ €๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •์น˜์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
for if time had a race,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋„ ์ธ์ข…์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:08
it would be white.
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์•„๋งˆ ๋ฐฑ์ธ์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
White people own time.
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๋ฐฑ์ธ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:14
I know, I know.
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๋„ค. ์ €๋„ ์•Œ์•„์š”.
01:15
Making such "incendiary statements" makes us uncomfortable:
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์„ ๋™์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์–ธ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
Haven't we moved past the point where race really matters?
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์ธ์ข…์ด ์ง„์งœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์€ ์ง€๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
01:24
Isn't race a heavy-handed concept?
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์ธ์ข…์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ž–์•„์š”?
01:27
Shouldn't we go ahead with our enlightened, progressive selves
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๊ณ„๋ชฝ๋˜๊ณ  ์ง„๋ณด์ ์ธ ์ž์•„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
01:30
and relegate useless concepts like race to the dustbins of history?
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์ธ์ข…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ์ด์ œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์— ๋ฒ„๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
How will we ever get over racism if we keep on talking about race?
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๊ณ„์† ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
01:41
Perhaps we should lock up our concepts of race in a time capsule,
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์ด์ œ ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ํƒ€์ž…์บก์Š์— ๋„ฃ์–ด ๋‘์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
01:45
bury them and dig them up in a thousand years,
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๋•…์— ๋ฌป์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  1000๋…„์ฏค ํ›„์— ํŒŒ๋‚ด์„œ
01:48
peer at them with the clearly more enlightened,
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:50
raceless versions of ourselves that belong to the future.
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์ธ์ข… ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:54
But you see there,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
01:55
that desire to mitigate the impact of race and racism shows up
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์ธ์ข…์ฃผ์˜๋‚˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฌด๋งˆํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์š•๋ง์€ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
in how we attempt to manage time,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹
02:02
in the ways we narrate history,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„œ์ˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹
02:04
in the ways we attempt to shove the negative truths of the present
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๋˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋ฎ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด๊ณ 
02:07
into the past,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๋ผ๊ณ 
02:09
in the ways we attempt to argue that the future that we hope for
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์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ๋„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์ฃ .
02:12
is the present in which we're currently living.
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02:15
Now, when Barack Obama became President of the US in 2008,
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๋ฒ„๋ฝ ์˜ค๋ฐ”๋งˆ๊ฐ€ 2008๋…„์— ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
02:18
many Americans declared that we were post-racial.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ ์–ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
I'm from the academy
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๋ญ๋“ ์ง€ "ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ(Post-)"๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
where we're enamored with being post-everything.
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02:26
We're postmodern, we're post-structural, we're post-feminist.
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ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ ๋ชจ๋”๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜, ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ฃผ์˜, ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:31
"Post" has become a simple academic appendage
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"ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ•™๋ฌธ์  ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
that we apply to a range of terms
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ 
02:35
to mark the way we were.
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๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:38
But prefixes alone don't have the power to make race and racism
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ 
์ธ์ข…์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์ด ๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ฃ .
02:42
a thing of the past.
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02:44
The US was never "pre-race."
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด "ํ”„๋ฆฌ(pre)-์ธ์ข…์ฃผ์˜"์ธ ์ ์€ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์ž–์•„์š”.
02:46
So to claim that we're post-race when we have yet to grapple with the impact
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์•„์ง๋„
02:50
of race on black people, Latinos or the indigenous
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ํ‘์ธ๊ณผ ๋ผํ‹ด๊ณ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ํ† ์ฐฉ ์ธ์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ
02:53
is disingenuous.
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์”จ๋ฆ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
Just about the moment we were preparing to celebrate
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ์ ์—
02:58
our post-racial future,
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03:00
our political conditions became the most racial they've been
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์ง€๋‚œ 50๋…„๊ฐ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
in the last 50 years.
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03:05
So today, I want to offer to you three observations,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ด€์ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
about the past, the present and the future of time,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณธ
03:12
as it relates to the combating of racism and white dominance.
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์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„๊ณผ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์šฐ์›”์ฃผ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์‹ธ์›€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
First: the past.
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
Time has a history,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:21
and so do black people.
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ฃ .
03:23
But we treat time as though it is timeless,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜์›ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
as though it has always been this way,
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์ด์ œ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์™”๋“ฏ์ด
03:28
as though it doesn't have a political history
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
03:30
bound up with the plunder of indigenous lands,
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ํ† ์ฐฉ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋•…์„ ์•ฝํƒˆํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜
03:33
the genocide of indigenous people
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ํ† ์ฐฉ๋ฏผ์„ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜
03:35
and the stealing of Africans from their homeland.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์—์„œ ํ›”์ณ ์˜จ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:38
When white male European philosophers
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž๊ฐ€
03:40
first thought to conceptualize time and history, one famously declared,
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์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๋Œ€์™€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋…ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
"[Africa] is no historical part of the World."
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"์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
03:50
He was essentially saying
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
03:51
that Africans were people outside of history
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ธ๋“ค์ด ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ๋ฐ–์— ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:54
who had had no impact on time
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ์ง„๋ณด์˜ ํ–‰์ง„์— ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
or the march of progress.
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03:58
This idea, that black people have had no impact on history,
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
04:03
is one of the foundational ideas of white supremacy.
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๋ฐฑ์ธ ์šฐ์›”์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
It's the reason that Carter G. Woodson created "Negro History Week" in 1926.
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์ด๋Š” 1926๋…„ ์นดํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋“œ์Šจ์ด
"ํ‘์ธ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ฃผ๊ฐ„์ง€"๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ๊ฐ„ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:11
It's the reason that we continue to celebrate Black History Month
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๋˜ํ•œ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ 2์›”์—
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‘์ธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‹ฌ์„ ๊ธฐ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
in the US every February.
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04:18
Now, we also see this idea
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ํ˜„์žฌ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€์ ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
that black people are people either alternately outside of the bounds of time
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์€ ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋’ค๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:25
or stuck in the past,
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04:27
in a scenario where, much as I'm doing right now,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
04:29
a black person stands up and insists that racism still matters,
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ํ‘์ธ์€ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
04:34
and a person, usually white,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์€
04:36
says to them,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
"Why are you stuck in the past?
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"๋„Œ ์™œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ •์ฒด๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?"
04:39
Why can't you move on?
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"์™œ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๊ฑฐ์•ผ?"
04:41
We have a black president.
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"ํ‘์ธ์ด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€์•ผ.
04:43
We're past all that."
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๋‹ค ์ง€๋‚œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ."
04:46
William Faulkner famously said,
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์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ํฌํฌ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:48
"The past is never dead.
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"๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ฃฝ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
04:50
It's not even past."
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์กฐ์ฐจ๋„."
04:53
But my good friend Professor Kristie Dotson says,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์นœ์• ํ•˜๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ ๋—์Šจ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
"Our memory is longer than our lifespan."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธธ๋‹ค"
05:01
We carry, all of us,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ„์งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
family and communal hopes and dreams with us.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋žจ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฟˆ์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:08
We don't have the luxury of letting go of the past.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋†“์•„์ค„ ์‚ฌ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
But sometimes,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋”์€
05:15
our political conditions are so troubling
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์—ฌ๊ฑด์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์•„์„œ
05:17
that we don't know if we're living in the past
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
05:19
or we're living in the present.
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ํ˜น์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
Take, for instance, when Black Lives Matter protesters
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ‘์ธ์ƒ๋ช…๊ถŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹œ์œ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
05:24
go out to protest unjust killings of black citizens by police,
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๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ํ‘์ธ์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ ์‚ดํ•ด์— ํ•ญ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
05:28
and the pictures that emerge from the protest
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์ €ํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
05:31
look like they could have been taken 50 years ago.
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๋งˆ์น˜ 50๋…„ ์ „์˜ ์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
The past won't let us go.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋†“์•„์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
05:38
But still, let us press our way into the present.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด, ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์ฃ .
05:43
At present, I would argue
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:45
that the racial struggles we are experiencing
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ์ข…๋ฌธ์ œ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ์€
05:48
are clashes over time and space.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„  ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
What do I mean?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด๋ƒ๊ตฌ์š”?
05:54
Well, I've already told you that white people own time.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์„œ ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ์ฃ .
05:57
Those in power dictate the pace of the workday.
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๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋…ธ๋™์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
They dictate how much money our time is actually worth.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:05
And Professor George Lipsitz argues
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์กฐ์ง€ ๋ฆฝ์”จ์ธ  ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
06:07
that white people even dictate the pace of social inclusion.
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๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์‚ฌํšŒํ†ตํ•ฉ์˜ ์†๋„๋„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
They dictate how long it will actually take
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:14
for minority groups to receive the rights that they have been fighting for.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์‹ธ์›Œ์•ผ ํ• ์ง€๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜์ฃ .
06:19
Let me loop back to the past quickly to give you an example.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์˜ˆ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
06:22
If you think about the Civil Rights Movement
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ํ‘์ธ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™๊ณผ
06:25
and the cries of its leaders for "Freedom Now,"
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"์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์ž์œ "๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€๋„์ธต์˜ ์™ธ์นจ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค ๋ณด๋ฉด
06:28
they were challenging the slow pace of white social inclusion.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํฌ์šฉ์˜ ๋Š๋ฆฐ ์›€์ง์ž„์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
By 1965, the year the Voting Rights Act was passed,
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1965๋…„์— ํ‘์ธ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ถŒ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ์ด ํ†ต๊ณผ๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€
06:36
there had been a full 100 years
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100๋…„์˜ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
between the end of the Civil War
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋ถ์ „์Ÿ ์ดํ›„
06:39
and the conferral of voting rights on African-American communities.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:42
Despite the urgency of a war,
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์ „์Ÿ์˜ ๊ธ‰๋ฐ•ํ•จ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
06:45
it still took a full 100 years for actual social inclusion to occur.
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์‹ค์ œ์  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ํ†ตํ•ฉ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ 100๋…„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
Since 2012,
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2012๋…„ ์ด๋ž˜๋กœ
06:52
conservative state legislatures across the US have ramped up attempts
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „์—ญ์˜ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ์ฃผ์˜ ์ž…๋ฒ•๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์ด ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
06:55
to roll back African-American voting rights
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ทจ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
by passing restrictive voter ID laws
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์ œํ•œ ํˆฌํ‘œ์ž ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
07:00
and curtailing early voting opportunities.
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์‚ฌ์ „ํˆฌํ‘œ์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—์œผ๋ ค ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:03
This past July, a federal court struck down North Carolina's voter ID law
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์ง€๋‚œ 7์›”์—๋Š”
์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์›์ด ๋…ธ์Šค์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ์ž ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์„ ํ์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
saying it "... targeted African-Americans with surgical precision."
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๊ทธ ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์ด ํ‘์ธ๋งŒ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด์œ ์˜€์ฃ .
07:14
Restricting African-American inclusion in the body politic
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์ฃผ์š” ์ •์น˜ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์—์„œ ํ‘์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํฌ์šฉ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:17
is a primary way that we attempt to manage and control people
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์กฐ์ข…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ฐจ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
by managing and controlling time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:26
But another place that we see these time-space clashes
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๊ณต์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์€
07:29
is in gentrifying cities like Atlanta, Brooklyn,
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๋ฐœ์ „๋œ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์• ํ‹€๋žœํƒ€, ๋ธŒ๋ฃจํด๋ฆฐ
07:33
Philadelphia, New Orleans and Washington, DC --
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ํ•„๋ผ๋ธํ”ผ์•„, ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ดDC ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
07:36
places that have had black populations for generations.
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ๋„์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
But now, in the name of urban renewal and progress,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋„์‹œ ์žฌ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ํ•‘๊ณ„ ์‚ผ์•„
07:43
these communities are pushed out,
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์ด๋“ค ํ‘์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
in service of bringing them into the 21st century.
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ ‘์–ด๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:48
Professor Sharon Holland asked:
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์ƒค๋ก  ํ™€๋ž€๋“œ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
What happens when a person who exists in time
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์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์†์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
07:55
meets someone who only occupies space?
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๊ณต๊ฐ„๋งŒ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ฉด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
08:00
These racial struggles
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์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋‹คํˆผ์€
08:02
are battles over those who are perceived to be space-takers
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์ž๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ
08:05
and those who are perceived to be world-makers.
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์„ธ์ƒ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ „์Ÿ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
Those who control the flow and thrust of history
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
08:12
are considered world-makers who own and master time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตด๋ณต์‹œํ‚จ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„์ž๋“ค์ด๋ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
In other words: white people.
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๋ฐ”๊ฟ” ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
08:20
But when Hegel famously said that Africa was no historical part of the world,
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ํ—ค๊ฒ”์˜ "์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์‚ฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง ์†์—๋Š”
08:24
he implied that it was merely a voluminous land mass
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์•„๋žซ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
08:26
taking up space at the bottom of the globe.
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ํฐ ๋•…๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ดํฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
Africans were space-takers.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:32
So today, white people continue to control the flow and thrust of history,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ , ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
while too often treating black people as though we are merely taking up space
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ์ € ์ž๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:41
to which we are not entitled.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€๋ฐ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:43
Time and the march of progress is used to justify
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ง„๋ณด์˜ ํ–‰์ง„์€
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์•ฝ์ž์— ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ์ •๋‹นํ™”ํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
a stunning degree of violence towards our most vulnerable populations,
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08:51
who, being perceived as space-takers rather than world-makers,
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์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž๋ฆฌ๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์ž๋“ค์€
08:57
are moved out of the places where they live,
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ ‘์–ด๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
08:59
in service of bringing them into the 21st century.
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด๋˜ ๊ณณ์„ ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
Shortened life span according to zip code is just one example of the ways
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๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€ ์šฐํŽธ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ๋‹จ์ถ•๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:07
that time and space cohere in an unjust manner
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์˜ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹นํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
09:10
in the lives of black people.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
Children who are born in New Orleans zip code 70124,
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๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค์˜ ์šฐํŽธ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ 70124์ธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€
09:17
which is 93 percent white,
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93%๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด๊ณ 
09:19
can expect to live a full 25 years longer
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๊ธฐ๋Œ€์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด 25๋…„์ด๋‚˜ ๋” ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
than children born in New Orleans zip code 70112,
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๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค์˜ ์šฐํŽธ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ 70112์ธ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:26
which is 60 percent black.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ 60%๊ฐ€ ํ‘์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
Children born in Washington, DC's wealthy Maryland suburbs
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์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด DC์˜ ๋ฉ”๋ฆด๋žœ๋“œ ๊ต์™ธ์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€
09:34
can expect to live a full 20 years longer
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์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๋„์‹ฌ์ง€์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์•„์ด๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค
09:37
than children born in its downtown neighborhoods.
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20๋…„์€ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
Ta-Nehisi Coates argues
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ํƒ€๋‚˜ํžˆ์‹œ ์ฝ”์ธ ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ์žฅ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
that, "The defining feature of being drafted into the Black race
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"์–ด๋–ค ์กด์žฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‘์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์œผ๋กœ ์ •์˜๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:49
is the inescapable robbery of time."
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ์†ํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค."
09:53
We experience time discrimination,
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ง๋Œ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
he tells us,
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09:56
not just as structural,
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๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ์ธก๋ฉด ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:58
but as personal:
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:59
in lost moments of joy,
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:01
lost moments of connection,
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๋งŒ๋‚จ์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:03
lost quality of time with loved ones
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ์˜ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:06
and lost years of healthy quality of life.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
In the future, do you see black people?
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:16
Do black people have a future?
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:20
What if you belong to the very race of people
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์ธ์ข…์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
10:22
who have always been pitted against time?
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ•จ์ •์— ๋น ์ง„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
10:26
What if your group is the group for whom a future was never imagined?
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์†ํ•œ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
10:31
These time-space clashes --
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ
10:33
between protesters and police,
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์ฆ‰, ์‹œ์œ„์ž์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ
10:36
between gentrifiers and residents --
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์ง€์—ญ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ถฉ๋Œ ์•ˆ์—์„œ๋Š”
10:38
don't paint a very pretty picture
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:40
of what America hopes for black people's future.
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10:44
If the present is any indicator,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ผ๋ฉด
10:45
our children will be under-educated,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ต์œก๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ 
10:48
health maladies will take their toll
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๋งŒ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
10:50
and housing will continue to be unaffordable.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋น„์šฉ์€ ์ ์  ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
So if we're really ready to talk about the future,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ • ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:56
perhaps we should begin by admitting that we're out of time.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ธ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
We black people have always been out of time.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:05
Time does not belong to us.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํŽธ์— ์„œ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
Our lives are lives of perpetual urgency.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Š˜ ๊ธด๋ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
Time is used to displace us,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋†“๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
or conversely, we are urged into complacency
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๋ฐ”๊ฟ” ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด, ํ˜„์‹ค์— ์•ˆ์ฃผํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š” ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:16
through endless calls to just be patient.
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๊ทธ์ € ์ฐธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์ฃ .
11:19
But if past is prologue,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ง‰์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:22
let us seize upon the ways in which we're always out of time anyway
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๋Š˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ซ“๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:25
to demand with urgency
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์ฆ‰๊ฐ์ ์ธ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
11:27
freedom now.
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์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
I believe the future is what we make it.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
But first, we have to decide that time belongs to all of us.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋จผ์ € ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
No, we don't all get equal time,
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
but we can decide that the time we do get is just and free.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์œ ๋กœ์šด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:44
We can stop making your zip code the primary determinant
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์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์˜ ์šฐํŽธ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๊ฐ€
์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
of your lifespan.
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11:48
We can stop stealing learning time from black children
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๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ํ‡ดํ•™์ด๋‚˜ ์ •ํ•™ ์ฒ˜๋ถ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
11:51
through excessive use of suspensions and expulsions.
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ํ‘์ธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋บด์•—๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
We can stop stealing time from black people
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๋น„ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ด์œ ๋กœ
11:56
through long periods of incarceration for nonviolent crimes.
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์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ํˆฌ์˜ฅ๋œ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋นผ์•—๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
The police can stop stealing time and black lives
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ๊ณต๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ
12:03
through use of excessive force.
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋นผ์•—๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
I believe the future is what we make it.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
But we can't get there on colored people's time
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์œ ์ƒ‰์ธ์ข…์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:14
or white time
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๋ฐฑ์ธ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋„
12:16
or your time
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋„
12:18
or even my time.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ €์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋‹ฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
It's our time.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋„๋‹ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
Ours.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์š”.
12:24
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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