The fascinating science of bubbles, from soap to champagne | Li Wei Tan

107,591 views ใƒป 2018-12-18

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ์ง„์„ญ ๋ฐ• ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
Some years ago, I was visiting Paris
0
12772
2783
๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
00:15
and walking along the Seine River during a beautiful summer afternoon.
1
15579
4325
์„ธ๋А๊ฐ•๋ณ€์„ ๊ฑท๋˜ ์–ด๋А ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์˜คํ›„์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
I saw giant bubbles floating on the riverbank,
2
19928
3249
์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ณ€์—์„œ ๋– ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:23
like this one.
3
23201
1411
ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
The next moment, it popped and was gone.
4
24636
2953
์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ›„, ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ํŒก ํ„ฐ์ ธ ์—†์–ด์กŒ๊ณ 
00:28
Making them were two street performers surrounded by a crowd.
5
28273
4016
๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋‘ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต์—ฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝ๊พผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
They visibly make a living by asking for donations
6
32845
3399
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ถ€ํƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
00:36
and by selling pairs of sticks tied with two strings.
7
36268
3860
๋‘ ๊ตฐ๋ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฌถ์€ ํ•œ ์Œ์˜ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๋“ค์„ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
When I was there, a man bought a pair of sticks for 10 euros,
8
40152
5067
์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๋ฅผ 10์œ ๋กœ์— ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๊ณ 
00:45
which surprised me.
9
45243
1752
๊นœ์ง ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
I am a scientist who is passionate about bubbles.
10
47773
3913
์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
I know the right trick to make the giant bubbles
11
51710
3356
์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ง„์งœ ๋น„๋ฒ•์€
00:55
is the right soapy water mixture itself --
12
55090
3401
์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ž์€ ๋น„๋ˆ—๋ฌผ ์ž์ฒด์— ์žˆ์ง€
00:58
not the sticks,
13
58515
1431
๋ง‰๋Œ€์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
00:59
which may be needed,
14
59970
1311
๋ง‰๋Œ€๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:01
but you can easily make them at home.
15
61305
2143
์ง‘์—์„œ๋„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
01:03
Focusing on the sticks makes us not see that the real tool is the bubble itself.
16
63924
5642
๋ง‰๋Œ€์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ง„์งœ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ ์ž์ฒด์ž„์„ ๋ชป ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Bubbles might seem like something just children make while playing,
17
70970
4132
๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ด๋“ค ์žฅ๋‚œ๊ฐ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ
01:16
but sometimes it can be really stunning.
18
76117
2423
์ •๋ง๋กœ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
However, there are more fascinating science to bubbles,
19
79659
4338
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋”์šฑ ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ณผํ•™ ์›๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฉ์šธ ์†์— ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
such as problem-solving tools.
20
84021
2647
๊ฐ€๋”์€ ๋ฌธ์ œํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
So I would like to share with you
21
87192
2373
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š”
01:29
a few stories about the science of creating bubbles
22
89589
3671
๋ฐฉ์šธ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ์™€
01:33
and the science of eliminating the microscopic ones.
23
93284
3995
์ดˆ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋ฐฉ์šธ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์›๋ฆฌ๋“ค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Since it's up on the screen, let's start with the soap bubble.
24
97742
3918
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ™”๋ฉด์— ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
It is made from very common substances:
25
102478
3046
๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์•„์ฃผ ํ”ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
air, water, soap, in the right mixture.
26
105548
3777
๊ณต๊ธฐ, ๋ฌผ, ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ž์€ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์ด์ฃ .
01:50
You can see soap bubbles constantly changing their colors.
27
110214
3601
๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ ์ƒ‰์ด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:53
This is due to the interaction with light at various directions
28
113839
4497
์ด๋Š” ๋น›์ด ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์‚ฐ๋ž€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ๋ฐ
01:58
and the changes of their thickness.
29
118360
2117
ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ๋‘๊ป˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
One of the common substances, water molecules,
30
121471
3759
ํ”ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ ๋ฌผ๋ถ„์ž๋Š”
02:05
are formed by two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen -- H2O.
31
125254
6397
์ˆ˜์†Œ์›์ž ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์™€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ์›์ž ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ H2O๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
02:12
On most surfaces, water droplets tend to curve inwards,
32
132350
4791
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋‹น๊ธฐ๋Š” ํž˜์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
02:17
forming a semihemisphere shape.
33
137165
2373
๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
This is because the water droplet's surface is like an elastic sheet.
34
140237
4770
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ํƒ„์„ฑ๋ฐ•ํŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
The water molecule on the surface is constantly being pulled inwards
35
145729
4024
๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์— ๋ฌผ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ถ„์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด
02:29
by the molecule at the center.
36
149777
1922
๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์•ˆ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๋Š” ํž˜์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
And the quality of the elasticity is what we call "surface tension."
37
152826
5024
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ํƒ„์„ฑ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "ํ‘œ๋ฉด์žฅ๋ ฅ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
Now by adding soap,
38
158422
2051
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฅผ ์„ž์œผ๋ฉด
02:40
what happens is the soap molecule reduces the surface tension of water,
39
160497
4544
๋น„๋ˆ„๋ถ„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์žฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
02:45
making it more elastic and easier to form bubbles.
40
165065
3924
๋”์šฑ ํƒ„๋ ฅ์žˆ๊ณ , ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฉ์šธ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
You can think of a bubble as a mathematical problem-solver.
41
170505
4719
๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์  ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
You see it relentlessly trying to achieve geometry perfection.
42
175779
5042
์ž˜ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์€ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ์ง€์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
For instance, a sphere is the shape with the least surface area
43
180845
5812
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์œ„๋ถ€ํ”ผ๋‹น
03:06
for a given volume.
44
186681
1617
ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
That's why a single bubble is always in the shape of a sphere.
45
188322
4344
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ ๋ชจ์–‘์ธ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
Let me show you. Check it out.
46
192690
1836
์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ค๊นŒ์š”.
03:30
This is a single bubble.
47
210112
1818
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
When two bubbles touch each other,
48
211954
2267
๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋น„๋ˆ„ ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ฉด
03:37
they can save materials by sharing a common wall.
49
217437
3234
ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์–‘์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
When more and more bubbles are added together,
50
228385
2925
์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ๋ชจ์ด๋ฉด
03:51
their geometry changes.
51
231334
1829
๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:53
These four bubbles are added together.
52
233556
2359
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ๋ชจ์ด๋ฉด
03:55
They meet at one point at the center.
53
235939
2270
์ค‘์•™์˜ ํ•œ ์ ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
When six bubbles are added together,
54
282871
2370
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ๋ชจ์ด๋ฉด
04:45
a magical cube appears at the center.
55
285265
2640
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์˜ ์ •์œก๋ฉด์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ •์ค‘์•™์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
(Applause)
56
287929
3628
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:55
That is surface tension at work,
57
295059
2683
ํ‘œ๋ฉด์žฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
04:57
trying to find the most effective geometry arrangement.
58
297766
3938
๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
Now, let me give you another example.
59
303693
4505
์ด์ œ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
This is a very simple prop.
60
309153
3002
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐ›์นจ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
This is made from two layers of plastic
61
313258
3908
๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ”Œ๋ผ์Šคํ‹ฑ ํŒ์„
05:17
with four pins connected to each other.
62
317190
2486
์„œ๋กœ ํ•€ ๋„ค ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Imagine these four pins represent four cities that are equally apart,
63
319700
5990
์ด ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ•€์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
05:25
and we would like to make roads to connect these four cities.
64
325714
3705
๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:30
My question is: What is the shortest length to connect these four cities?
65
330426
4244
์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ตœ๋‹จ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
05:35
Let's find out the answer by dipping it into the soapy water.
66
335723
3901
์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋‹ต์„ ๋น„๋ˆ—๋ฌผ์— ๋‹ด๊ฐ€์„œ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
Remember, the soap bubble forms will always try to minimize
67
343775
5523
๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์„
05:49
their surface area
68
349322
1600
์ตœ์†Œํ™” ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
with a perfect geometry arrangement.
69
350946
2706
๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
So the solution might not be something you expected.
70
354632
5109
ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฒ•์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
The shortest length to connect these four cities
71
362175
3408
๋„ค ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ž‡๋Š” ์ตœ๋‹จ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋Š”
06:05
is 2.73 times the distance between these two cities.
72
365607
5864
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ๋‘ ๋„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ 2.73๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
(Applause)
73
371495
4293
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
06:17
Now you've got the idea.
74
377401
1966
์ด์ œ ์ œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์…จ๊ตฐ์š”.
06:19
The soap bubble forms will always try to minimize their surface area
75
379391
5279
๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™” ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ
06:24
with a perfect geometry arrangement.
76
384694
2404
์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์  ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
Now, let us look at bubbles in another perspective.
77
389416
5873
์ด์ œ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋ฐฉ์šธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
My daughter, Zoe, loves visiting zoos.
78
396357
3908
์ œ ๋”ธ ์กฐ์ด๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์›์— ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
Her favorite spot is Penguin Cove at Marwell Zoo in Southern England,
79
400289
5929
๊ทธ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์˜๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์˜ ๋งˆ์›ฐ ๋™๋ฌผ์›์˜ ํŽญ๊ท„๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
06:46
where she could see penguins swim at speed under the water.
80
406242
4432
ํŽญ๊ท„๋“ค์ด ๋ฌผ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ—ค์—„์น˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
One day, she noticed that the body of penguins
81
411653
3779
ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ํŽญ๊ท„์ด ์ˆ˜์˜ํ•  ๋•Œ
06:55
leaves a trail of bubbles when they swim
82
415456
3000
๋ชธ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
06:58
and asked why.
83
418480
1880
์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Animals and birds like penguins
84
420384
2967
ํŽญ๊ท„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋Š”
07:03
that spend a lot of their time under the water
85
423375
3498
์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ฌผ ์†์—์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ
07:06
have evolved an ingenious way of utilizing the capability of bubbles
86
426897
6415
๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ
07:13
to reduce the density of water.
87
433336
2606
์ค„์ด๋Š” ์˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ตํžˆ๋„๋ก ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
Emperor penguins are thought to be able to dive a few hundred meters
88
437066
4712
ํ™ฉ์ œ ํŽญ๊ท„์€ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ์ตํž™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
below the sea surface.
89
441802
2107
07:24
They are thought to store the air under their feathers
90
444562
3692
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ ๊นƒํ„ธ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ
07:28
before they dive
91
448278
1655
07:29
and then progressively release it as a cloud of bubbles.
92
449957
4769
ํ—ค์—„์น  ๋•Œ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด์–ด ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ์ตํž™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
This reduces the density of water surrounding them,
93
455300
3668
์ด ๋ฌผ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ํŽญ๊ท„ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐ€๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜์—ฌ
07:38
making it easier to swim through
94
458992
2785
์ˆ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
07:41
and speed up their swimming speed at least 40 percent.
95
461801
4829
์ˆ˜์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ 40% ์ด์ƒ ๋†’์—ฌ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
This feature has been noticed by the ship manufacturers.
96
467779
3729
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์„ ๋ฐ• ์ œ์ž‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
I am talking about the big ships here,
97
472364
3489
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฐ ์„ ๋ฐ•์€
07:55
the ones that are used to transport thousands of containers across the ocean.
98
475877
5007
๋Œ€์–‘์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ปจํ…Œ์ด๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
Recently, they developed a system called "air lubricating system,"
99
481559
5402
์ตœ๊ทผ์—, ์ œ์ž‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ "๊ณต๊ธฐ ์œคํ™œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ"์„
08:06
inspired by the penguins.
100
486985
1965
ํŽญ๊ท„์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
In this system, they produce a lot of air bubbles
101
489704
4166
์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
08:13
and redistribute them across the whole of the ship,
102
493894
4089
๋ฐฐ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ ์ „์ฒด์— ์ˆœํ™˜ ์‹œ์ผœ
08:18
like an air carpet that reduces the water resistance
103
498007
4560
๊ณต๊ธฐ์นดํŽซ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ €ํ•ญ์„ ์ค„์—ฌ
08:22
when a ship is moving.
104
502591
2187
๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
This feature cuts off the energy consumption for the ship
105
506167
4018
์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์˜ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋ชจ๋ฅผ
08:30
up to 15 percent.
106
510209
2617
15% ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
Bubbles can also be used for medicines.
107
514848
3516
๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์€ ์•ฝ์—์„œ๋„ ์“ธ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
It can also play a role in medicines,
108
518388
2880
์•ฝ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ง€์–ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์€
08:42
for instance, as a method for noninvasive delivery systems for drugs and genes
109
522889
6969
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ๋ชธ์˜ ์ผ์ • ๋ถ€์œ„์— ์•ฝ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋น„์นจ์Šต์ 
08:49
to a specific part of the body.
110
529882
2506
ํˆฌ์—ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
Imagine a microbubble
111
532412
2056
์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ดˆ๋ฏธ์„ธ ๋ฐฉ์šธ ์†์—
08:54
filled with a mixture of drugs and magnetic agents
112
534492
4097
์ž์„ฑ์„ ๋„๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊ณผ ์•ฝ์„ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋„ฃ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ
08:58
being injected into our bloodstream.
113
538613
2445
ํ˜ˆ์•ก ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
The bubbles will move to the target areas.
114
542273
3412
๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์€ ๋ชธ ์†์— ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ถ€์œ„๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
09:05
But how do they know where to go?
115
545709
2603
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ• ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
09:08
Because we placed a magnet there.
116
548336
2116
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž์„ฑ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
09:10
For instance, this part of my hand.
117
550476
2361
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์†์— ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์•ฝ์„ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
09:12
When the microbubbles move to this part of my hand,
118
552861
4012
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์†๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋™ํ•œ ์ดˆ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„
09:16
we can pop it via ultrasound
119
556897
3791
์ดˆ์ŒํŒŒ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ„ฐ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
09:20
and release the drug exactly where it's needed.
120
560712
3498
์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ณณ์— ์•ฝ์„ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
Now, I mentioned about the science of creating bubbles.
121
565895
3474
์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ณผํ•™ ์›๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
09:29
But sometimes we also need to remove them.
122
569393
4301
๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
That's actually part of my job.
123
573718
2300
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ์ผ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
My exact job title is "ink formulation scientist."
124
576731
4878
์ œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ง์—…๋ช…์€ "์ž‰ํฌ ์ œ์ œ ํ•™์ž"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
But I don't work on the ink that you use for your writing pens.
125
581633
4050
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ข…์ด์— ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ž‰ํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๊ณ ์š”.
09:46
I'm working on some cool applications
126
586366
2812
์ €๋Š” ์ข€ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
09:49
such as organic photovoltaics, OPVs,
127
589202
4420
์œ ๊ธฐํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€(OPV)์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
and organic light-emitting diodes, OLEDs.
128
593646
3672
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐœ๊ด‘๋‹ค์ด์˜ค๋“œ ์ฆ‰, OLED์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
Part of my job is to figure out how and why we want to remove the bubbles
129
597342
6280
์ œ ์ผ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ €ํฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ž‰ํฌ์—์„œ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
์ž‰ํฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐํ˜€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
from the ink that my company produces.
130
603646
2486
10:06
During the formulation-mixing process,
131
606989
3262
๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๊ณผ์ • ์ค‘
10:10
or preparation process,
132
610275
1759
์ด๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ
10:12
we mix active ingredients, solvents and additives
133
612058
6195
์œ ํšจ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์— ์šฉ์ œ์™€ ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋ฌผ์„ ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
in order to achieve the formulations with the properties we want
134
618277
4529
์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ์ œ์˜ ์ž‰ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
10:22
when the ink is being used.
135
622830
1636
์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
But just like you would make drinks
136
625196
2917
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์Œ๋ฃŒ๋‚˜
10:28
or bake cakes,
137
628137
1270
์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
10:29
it is unavoidable that some air bubbles will be trapped inside that ink.
138
629431
5556
์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ์ž‰ํฌ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๊ณต๊ธฐ ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
Here, we are talking about a different space
139
635686
3262
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‰ํฌ ์† ๊ณต๊ฐ„์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…
10:38
from the bubbles I'd seen in Paris.
140
638972
2869
ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋น„๋ˆ„๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ๋‚ ๋ฆฌ๋˜ ๊ณต๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
The bubbles that are trapped inside those inks
141
642960
2202
์ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฐฉ์šธ์€ ์ž‰ํฌ ์†
10:45
vary between a few millimeters,
142
645186
2931
๋ช‡ ๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์ด๋‚˜
10:48
a few microns
143
648141
1243
๋ช‡ ๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋ก  ์‚ฌ์ด
10:49
or even a few nanometers in size.
144
649408
2973
๋˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋‚˜๋…ธ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
And what we are concerned about
145
652405
1923
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์˜
10:54
is the oxygen and the moisture that is trapped inside.
146
654352
2999
์‚ฐ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์ด ์ €ํฌ์˜ ๊ฑฑ์ •๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
At this size scale, removing them is not easy.
147
658525
5705
์ด ์ •๋„ ํฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
But it matters,
148
664254
1932
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
for instance, for organic light-emitting diodes inks
149
666210
4115
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐœ๊ด‘ ๋‹ค์ด์˜ค๋“œ ์ž‰ํฌ๋Š”
11:11
that we can use to produce display for your smartphone, for example.
150
671772
6972
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์˜ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ์“ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
It's supposed to last for many years,
151
679674
2235
๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์—†์ด ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ํ™”๋ฉด๋„
11:21
but if the ink that we use has been absorbed with oxygen and moisture
152
681933
5020
์ž‰ํฌ์— ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„์ด ์œ ์ž…๋˜๊ณ 
11:26
[which] are not being removed,
153
686977
2363
์ด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด
11:29
then we can quickly see dark spots appear in the pixels.
154
689364
4870
๊ธˆ์ƒˆ ํ”ฝ์…€์— ๊ฒ€์€ ์ ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
Now, one challenge we face in removing the microbubbles
155
694943
6983
์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ดˆ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ๋„์ „๊ณผ์ œ๋Š”
11:41
is that they are not very cooperative.
156
701950
3446
์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ํ˜‘์กฐ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š”๋ฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
They like to sit there,
157
705420
1948
์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋ ค ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:47
bathing in the ink without moving much.
158
707392
2886
์ž˜ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ž‰ํฌ๋ชฉ์š•์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋ฉฐ ์ž˜ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
But how do we kick them out?
159
710937
1962
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ซ“์•„๋‚ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
11:54
One technology we use
160
714741
2095
ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€
11:56
is to force the ink going through a thin, long and tiny tube
161
716860
5541
์ž‰ํฌ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์–‡๊ณ  ์ž‘์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์ด ๋šซ๋ฆฐ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋„ฃ์–ด
12:02
with a porous wall,
162
722425
2131
12:04
and we place the tubes inside the vacuum chamber,
163
724580
3111
์ด ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ง„๊ณต ์ฑ”๋ฒ„์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด
12:07
so that the bubbles can be squeezed out from the ink
164
727715
4340
์ž‰ํฌ์—์„œ ์ด ๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ€๋ ค์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
and be removed.
165
732079
1355
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€์š”.
12:14
Once we manage to remove the bubbles from the ink that we produce,
166
734730
5644
ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒจ์šฐ ์ž‰ํฌ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด
12:21
it is time for celebration.
167
741310
2386
์ถ•ํ•˜ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
Let's open a bubbling champagne.
168
745726
3015
๋ณด๊ธ€๋ณด๊ธ€ํ•œ ์ƒดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋”ฐ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
12:35
Ooh, this is going to be fun!
169
755693
2188
์˜ค, ์ •๋ง ์žฌ๋ฐŒ๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š”!
12:37
(Laughter)
170
757905
2985
(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:42
Woooo!
171
762327
2330
์šฐ์˜ค์˜ค!
12:44
(Applause)
172
764681
3706
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
12:52
You could see a lot of bubbles rushing out from the champagne bottle.
173
772317
5728
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ๋“ค์ด ์ƒดํŽ˜์ธ ๋ณ‘์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ์ฃ .
12:58
These are the bubbles filled with carbon dioxide,
174
778566
4343
์ด ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ ์†์—๋Š” ์ด์‚ฐํ™”ํƒ„์†Œ,
13:02
a gas that's been produced during the fermentation process of the wine.
175
782933
5538
์ฆ‰ ์™€์ธ์ด ์ˆ™์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐจ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
Let me pour some out.
176
789226
1743
์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
I can't miss the chance.
177
792919
1737
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋†“์น ์ˆ˜์•ผ ์—†์ฃ .
13:22
I guess it's enough.
178
802292
2091
์ด ์ •๋„๋ฉด ๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๊ตฐ์š”.
13:24
(Laughter)
179
804407
1207
(์›ƒ์Œ)
13:29
Here, I can see a lot of microbubbles
180
809178
5192
์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ดˆ๋ฏธ์„ธ๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์ด
13:34
moving from the bottom of the glass to the top of the champagne.
181
814394
5016
์œ ๋ฆฌ์ž” ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์—์„œ ์ƒดํŽ˜์ธ ํ‘œ๋ฉด๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
13:40
Before it pops,
182
820286
1603
ํŒก ํ„ฐ์ง€๊ธฐ ์ „์—
13:42
it will jet tiny droplets of aroma molecules
183
822680
5198
์ด ๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์•„๋กœ๋งˆ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์„ ๋‚ด๋ฟœ๊ณ 
13:47
and intensify the flavor of champagne,
184
827902
3671
์ƒดํŽ˜์ธ์˜ ํ’๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ
13:51
making us enjoy much more the flavor of champagne.
185
831597
3699
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒดํŽ˜์ธ ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋А๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
As a scientist who is passionate about bubbles,
186
836226
3502
๋ฐฉ์šธ๋“ค์„ ์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ
13:59
I love to see them,
187
839752
1710
์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์šธ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
14:02
I love to play with them,
188
842306
2135
๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ 
14:04
and I love to study them.
189
844465
2268
์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
And also, I love to drink them.
190
846757
2252
๋˜ํ•œ, ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜์ง€์š”.
14:09
Thank you.
191
849033
1209
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
(Applause)
192
850266
4462
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7