The real story of Rosa Parks -- and why we need to confront myths about Black history | David Ikard

103,066 views

2020-02-26 ใƒป TED


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The real story of Rosa Parks -- and why we need to confront myths about Black history | David Ikard

103,066 views ใƒป 2020-02-26

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jeonghyun Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : hansom Lee
00:14
I am the proud father of two beautiful children,
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ˆ์œ ๋‘ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋‘” ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Elijah, 15, and Octavia, 12.
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์ผ๋ผ์ด์ €๋Š” 15์‚ด, ์˜ฅํƒœ๋น„์•„๋Š” 12์‚ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
When Elijah was in the fourth grade,
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์ผ๋ผ์ด์ €๊ฐ€ 4ํ•™๋…„์ผ ๋•Œ
00:27
he came to me,
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ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ณ  ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ,
00:29
came home from school bubbling over with excitement
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ํ•œ๊ป ์‹ ์ด ๋‚œ ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ์™€์„œ๋Š”, ๊ทธ๋‚  ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ
00:32
about what he had learned that day about African-American history.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Now, I'm an African-American and cultural studies professor,
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์ €๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ด์ž ๋ฌธํ™”์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
and so, as you can imagine,
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์ง์ž‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:43
African-American culture is kind of serious around my home.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ ์ง‘์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
So I was very proud that my son was excited about what he had learned
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์•„๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ์•„์ฃผ ์‹ ์ด ๋‚œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋Š”
00:50
that day in school.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
So I said, "What did you learn?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋ญ˜ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‹ˆ?"ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ๋”๋‹ˆ,
00:54
He said, "I learned about Rosa Parks."
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"๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
00:57
I said, "OK, what did you learn about Rosa Parks?"
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ˜ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‹ˆ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
He said, "I learned that Rosa Parks was this frail, old black woman
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์ œ ์•„๋“ค์€, "๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” 1950๋…„๋Œ€์— ์•จ๋ผ๋ฐฐ๋งˆ ์ฃผ
01:06
in the 1950s
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๋ชฝ๊ณ ๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ์— ์‚ด๋˜
01:08
in Montgomery, Alabama.
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์—ฐ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:10
And she sat down on this bus,
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ด ์•„ํŒŒ์„œ
01:13
and she had tired feet,
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๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ„ ๋’ค์— ์ขŒ์„์— ์•‰์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:15
and when the bus driver told her to give up her seat to a white patron,
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๋ฒ„์Šค ์šด์ „์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ํƒ‘์Šน๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–‘๋ณดํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ž
01:20
she refused because she had tired feet.
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๋ฐœ์ด ์•„ํ”„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์ ˆํ–ˆ๋Œ€์š”.
01:22
It had been a long day,
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๊ธด ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
01:24
and she was tired of oppression,
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์–ต์••๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹ซ์–ด์„œ
01:25
and she didn't give up her seat.
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์ž๋ฆฌ ์–‘๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:27
And she marched with Martin Luther King,
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๊ทธ ํ›„, ๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋‹˜๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ–‰์ง„๋„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
01:29
and she believed in nonviolence."
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๋น„ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
And I guess he must have looked at my face
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์•„๋“ค์ด ์ œ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š”
01:35
and saw that I was a little less than impressed
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ํƒํƒ์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ œ ํ‘œ์ •์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
by his
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์•„๋“ค์˜
01:41
... um ...
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์Œ....
01:42
history lesson.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
01:44
And so he stopped, and he was like, "Dad, what's wrong? What did I get wrong?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•˜๋˜ ๋ง์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋”๋‹ˆ, "์•„๋น , ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜ ์ž˜๋ชปํ–ˆ์–ด์š”?" ํ•˜๊ธธ๋ž˜
01:48
I said, "Son, you didn't get anything wrong,
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์ฃ . "์•„๋“ค์•„, ๋„Œ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์—†์–ด.
01:50
but I think your teacher got a whole lot of things wrong."
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•˜์…จ๊ตฌ๋‚˜."
01:53
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:54
He said, "Well, what do you mean?"
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์•„๋“ค์ด "๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์—์š”?"ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
I said, "Rosa Parks was not tired.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜์ง€๋„,
02:00
She was not old.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜๋‹จ๋‹ค.
02:03
And she certainly didn't have tired feet."
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๋ฐœ์ด ์•„ํ”„์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์–ด."
02:06
He said, "What?"
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"๋„ค?" ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:07
I said, "Yes!
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜!
02:08
Rosa Parks was only 42 years old" --
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๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋‹น์‹œ ๊ณ ์ž‘ 42์„ธ์˜€๊ณ ."
02:12
Yeah, you're shocked, right? Never heard that.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๋†€๋ผ์…จ์ฃ ? ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋“ค์œผ์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
"Rosa Parks was only 42 years old,
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"๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋‹น์‹œ 42์„ธ์˜€๊ณ 
02:16
she had only worked six hours that day, and she was a seamstress
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๊ทธ๋‚ ์€ 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ–์— ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด. ์žฌ๋ด‰์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ผํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:21
and her feet were just fine.
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๋ฐœ๋„ ์ „ํ˜€ ์•„ํ”„์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด.
02:23
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:24
The only thing that she was tired of
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
02:27
was she was tired of inequality.
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๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์— ์ง€์ณ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์˜€์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
02:30
She was tired of oppression."
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์–ต์••์ด ์ง€๊ฒจ์› ๋˜๊ฑฐ์ง€."
02:32
And my son said,
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์•„๋“ค์ด ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
"Well, why would my teacher tell me this thing?
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"๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„  ์™œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”?
02:37
This is confusing for me."
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ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ์ž–์•„์š”."
02:39
Because he loved his teacher, and she was a good teacher,
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์•„๋“ค์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด์…จ์–ด์š”.
02:42
a young-ish, 20-something white woman,
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20๋Œ€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์—ฌ์ž ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:45
really, really smart, pushed him, so I liked her as well.
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์ •๋ง ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ์•„๋“ค๋„ ์ž˜ ์ง€๋„ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ €๋„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:49
But he was confused. "Why would she tell me this?" he said.
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์•„๋“ค์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ค˜์š”?"ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
02:52
He said, "Dad, tell me more. Tell me more. Tell me more about Rosa Parks."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋”๋‹ˆ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋” ์•Œ๋ ค๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฑ„๊ทผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
And I said, "Son, I'll do you one better."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” "๋” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์ง€." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:58
He was like, "What?"
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"๋ญ”๋ฐ์š”?"ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:00
I said, "I'm going to buy her autobiography,
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"๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์˜ ์ž์„œ์ „์„ ์‚ฌ ์ค„ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ
03:02
and I'm going to let you read it yourself."
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์ง์ ‘ ์ฝ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋ผ."
03:04
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:07
So as you can imagine,
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์ง์ž‘ํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
03:10
Elijah wasn't too excited about this new, lengthy homework assignment
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์ผ๋ผ์ด์ €๋Š” ์•„๋น ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์ค€ ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ ๋„ ๊ธด ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ
03:15
that his dad had just given him, but he took it in stride.
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๋ณ„๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ํ•˜๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:19
And he came back after he had read it,
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์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค ์ฝ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ
03:23
and he was excited about what he had learned.
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์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํฅ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์ฃ .
03:27
He said, "Dad, not only was Rosa Parks not initially into nonviolence,
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"์•„๋น , ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” ์›๋ž˜ ๋น„ํญ๋ ฅ์ฃผ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
03:34
but Rosa Parks's grandfather, who basically raised her
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์›Œ์ฃผ์‹  ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š”
03:38
and was light enough to pass as white,
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๋ฐฑ์ธ๋งŒํผ์ด๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์–ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:40
used to walk around town with his gun in his holster,
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๋™๋„ค๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์‹ค ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ—ˆ๋ฆฌ์— ์ด์„ ๋ฉ”๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ
03:45
and people knew if you messed with Mr. Parks's children or grandchildren,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ํ˜น์‹œ๋ผ๋„ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์†์ž๋‚˜ ์†๋…€๋“ค์„ ๊ดด๋กญํžˆ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋„ ํ•˜๋ฉด
03:50
he would put a cap in your proverbial bottom."
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์ด์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ๋‹ค ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ„์ด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
03:54
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:55
Right?
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์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
03:57
He was not someone to mess with.
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ํ•จ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋ค๋ฒผ์„  ์•ˆ ๋  ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
And he said, "I also learned that Rosa Parks married a man in Raymond
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์•„๋“ค์€, "๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋ ˆ์ด๋ชฌ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ฎ์€ ๋ถ„๊ณผ
04:05
who was a lot like her grandfather."
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
He would organize.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์กฐ์งํ•œ
04:11
He was a civil rights activist.
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ํ‘์ธ ์ธ๊ถŒ์šด๋™๊ฐ€์˜€์ฃ .
04:13
He would organize events
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ์งํ•œ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค ์ค‘
04:17
and sometimes the events would be at Rosa Parks's home.
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๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์—ด์—ˆ๋˜ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
And one time Rosa Parks remarked
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์€ ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๊ฐ€
04:24
that there were so many guns on the table,
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ํƒ์ž์— ์ด์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:26
because they were prepared for somebody to come busting into the door
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ง‘ ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ•์ฐจ๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
04:29
that they were prepared for whatever was going to go down,
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์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋“  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:32
that Rosa Parks said, "There were so many guns on the table
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๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ "์ด์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€, ์†๋‹˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
04:35
that I forgot to even offer them coffee or food."
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์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์Œ์‹์„ ๊ถŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งˆ์ € ์žŠ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค."๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
This is who Rosa Parks was.
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๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
And in fact, Rosa Parks, when she was sitting on that bus that day,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ๋‚  ๋‹น์‹œ
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ
04:46
waiting for those police officers to arrive
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04:48
and not knowing what was going to happen to her,
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์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ
04:51
she was not thinking about Martin Luther King,
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์ž˜ ์•Œ์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
04:53
who she barely knew.
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์ „ํ˜€ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
She was not thinking about nonviolence or Gandhi.
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๋น„ํญ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ„๋””๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:58
She was thinking about her grandfather,
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ธ์ฃ .
05:00
a gun-toting, take-no-mess grandfather.
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์ด์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ , ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ฑด๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€.
05:04
That's who Rosa Parks was thinking about.
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๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
My son was mesmerized by Rosa Parks,
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์ œ ์•„๋“ค์€ ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์— ํ‘น ๋น ์ ธ๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ณ 
05:11
and I was proud of him to see this excitement.
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‹ ์ด ๋‚œ ์•„๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
But then I still had a problem.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Because I still had to go his school
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์•„๋“ค์˜ ํ•™๊ต์— ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€
05:19
and address the issue with his teacher,
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋…ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:21
because I didn't want her to continue to teach the kids
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
05:25
obviously false history.
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๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
05:27
So I'm agonizing over this,
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
05:29
primarily because I understand, as an African-American man,
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๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ์ข…๋ฌธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ธ์ข…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ
05:32
that whenever you talk to whites about racism
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
05:35
or anything that's racially sensitive,
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์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:37
there's usually going to be a challenge.
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๋ชน์‹œ ๊ฑฑ์ • ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
This is what white sociologist Robin DiAngelo calls "white fragility."
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™์ž ๋กœ๋นˆ ๋””์•ˆ์ ค๋กœ๊ฐ€ "๋ฐฑ์ธ์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์„ฑ"์ด๋ผ ์นญํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
She argues that, in fact,
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๋””์•ˆ์ ค๋กœ๋Š”, ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์ด
05:47
because whites have so little experience being challenged
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๋ฐฑ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํŠน๊ถŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„์ „์„ ๋‹นํ•ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด
05:51
about their white privilege
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๋งค์šฐ ์ ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:52
that whenever even the most minute challenge is brought before them,
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์•„์ฃผ ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งˆํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ผ๋„ ๋„์ „์„ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด, ์ฃผ๋กœ ์šธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:56
they usually cry,
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ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:58
get angry
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๋„๋ง๊ฐ„๋‹ค๊ณ 
05:59
or run.
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์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:01
And I have experienced them all.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
And so, when I was contemplating confronting his teacher,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์•„๋“ค์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
06:10
I wasn't happy about it,
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
but I was like, this is a necessary evil
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ‘์ธ ํ•™๋ถ€๋ชจ๋กœ์„œ ์ด๊ฑด ํ•„์š”์•…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
of being a black parent trying to raise self-actualized black children.
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ํ‘์ธ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”์š”.
06:18
So I called Elijah to me and said,
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์ผ๋ผ์ด์ €๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
"Elijah, I'm going to set up an appointment with your teacher
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"์•„๋น ๊ฐ€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด๋ž‘ ์•ฝ์†์„ ์žก๊ณ 
06:24
and try and correct this
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žก์•„๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
06:26
and maybe your principal.
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๊ต์žฅ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€.
06:27
What do you think?"
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ˆ?"
06:28
And Elijah said,
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์ผ๋ผ์ด์ €๋Š”,
06:29
"Dad, I have a better idea."
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"์•„๋น , ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”."
06:33
And I said, "Really? What's your idea?"
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๋ฐ?"ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
He said, "We have a public speaking assignment,
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"ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œ ์ˆ™์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:39
and why don't I use that public speaking assignment
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์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:42
to talk about debunking the myths of Rosa Parks?"
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
And I was like,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š”,
06:48
"Well, that is a good idea."
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"์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:51
So Elijah goes to school,
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์ผ๋ผ์ด์ €๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
06:55
he does his presentation,
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๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:56
he comes back home,
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์ง‘์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
and I could see something positive happened.
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์ €๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:00
I said, "Well, what happened, son?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋๋‹ˆ?"
07:03
He said, "Well, later on in that day,
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์•„๋“ค์€, "๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์ ˆ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์‹œ๋”๋‹ˆ,
07:05
the teacher pulled me aside,
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์ž˜๋ชป ๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ค˜์„œ
07:07
and she apologized to me for giving that misinformation."
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๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๊ณผํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
And then something else miraculous happened the next day.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚  ๊ธฐ์ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
She actually taught a new lesson on Rosa Parks,
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋น ๋œจ๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋„ฃ๊ณ ,
07:20
filling in the gaps that she had left and correcting the mistakes that she made.
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ด, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
And I was so, so proud of my son.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์•„๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
But then I thought about it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
07:33
And I got angry.
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ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
And I got real angry.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
07:38
Why? Why would I get angry?
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์™œ์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ์™œ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:40
Because my nine-year-old son had to educate his teacher
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, 9์‚ด ์ œ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
07:45
about his history,
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์ง์ ‘ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„
07:47
had to educate his teacher about his own humanity.
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๊ต์œก์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
He's nine years old.
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์ œ ์•„๋“ค์€ 9์‚ด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
He should be thinking about basketball or soccer
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๋†๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ถ•๊ตฌ, ์ตœ์‹  ์˜ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
07:56
or the latest movie.
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๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ์ธ๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:58
He should not be thinking about having to take the responsibility
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ํ‘์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ํ‘์ธ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
08:02
of educating his teacher,
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์ง์ ‘ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋– ์•ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
08:05
his students,
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08:08
about himself, about his history.
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๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•  ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
That was a burden that I carried.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ง์ด์ฃ .
08:12
That was a burden that my parents carried
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๋จผ์ € ์ œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ์ง€์…จ๊ณ 
08:14
and generations before them carried.
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๊ทธ ์ „ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€์—ˆ๋˜ ์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
And now I was seeing my son take on that burden, too.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ ์•„๋“ค์ด ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ๊ทธ ์ง์„ ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
You see, that's why Rosa Parks wrote her autobiography.
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๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ž์„œ์ „์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
Because during her lifetime,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ผ์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ,
08:28
if you can imagine,
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:29
you do this amazing thing,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ •๋ง ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
you're alive and you're talking about your civil rights activism,
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์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ํ‘์ธ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:38
and a story emerges
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ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š”
08:40
in which somebody is telling the world
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์–˜๊ธฐํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
08:43
that you were old and you had tired feet
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ด ์•„ํŒ ๊ณ 
08:45
and you just were an accidental activist,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
08:48
not that you had been activist by then for 20 years,
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20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์„ ํ•œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ,
08:52
not that the boycott had been planned for months,
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๋ฒ„์Šค ํƒ‘์Šน ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ ์šด๋™์„ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ,
08:55
not that you were not even the first or the second or even the third woman
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜น์€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ
09:00
to be arrested for doing that.
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์ฒดํฌ๋œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ์กฐ์ฐจ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
You become an accidental activist, even in her own lifetime.
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์‚ด์•„์ƒ์ „์—๋„ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:08
So she wrote that autobiography to correct the record,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž์„œ์ „์„ ์“ด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
because what she wanted to remind people of
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
was that this
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„์š”
09:17
is what it was like
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€
09:19
in the 1950s
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1950๋…„๋Œ€์—
09:23
trying to be black in America
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ‘์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
09:25
and fight for your rights.
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๊ทธ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ์š”.
09:28
During the year, a little over a year, that the boycott lasted,
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๋ฒ„์Šค ํƒ‘์Šน ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ ์šด๋™์ด ๊ณ„์†๋๋˜ 1๋…„์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋„˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
09:33
there were over four church bombings.
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4๋ฒˆ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ตํšŒ ํญ๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
Martin Luther King's house was bombed twice.
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๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ง‘์€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ํญ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
Other civil rights leaders' houses were bombed in Birmingham.
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๋ฒ„๋ฐํ–„ ์‹œ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘๋„ ํญ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
Rosa Parks's husband slept at night with a shotgun,
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๋กœ์ € ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์˜ ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ๋ฐค์— ์‚ฐํƒ„์ด์„ ์˜†์— ๋‘๊ณ  ์žค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
because they would get constant death threats.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ„์† ๋œ ์‚ดํ•ด์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
09:51
In fact, Rosa Parks's mother lived with them,
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š”
09:53
and sometimes she would stay on the phone for hours
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์‚ดํ•ด ์œ„ํ˜‘ ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์˜ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋„๋ก
09:56
so that nobody would call in with death threats,
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๋ช‡ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ „ํ™” ํ†ตํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
because it was constant and persistent.
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๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ์ง€์†์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ˆ์งˆ๊ฒผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
10:01
In fact, there was so much tension,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธด์žฅ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
10:04
there was so much pressure, there was so much terrorism,
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์••๋ฐ•๋„ ์ปธ๋˜๋ฐ๋‹ค ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹ฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€,
10:06
that Rosa Parks and her husband, they lost their jobs,
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๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์™€ ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ์‹ค์ง์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
10:09
and they became unemployable
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์‹ค์—…์ž๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ
10:11
and eventually had to leave and move out of the South.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‚จ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
This is a civil rights reality
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค๊ฐ€
10:20
that Rosa Parks wanted to make sure that people understood.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋žฌ๋˜ ์ธ๊ถŒ์šด๋™์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
So you say, "Well, David, what does that have to do with me?
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"๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ž‘ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ƒ๊ด€์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
I'm a well-meaning person.
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ์„ ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ณ ,
10:33
I didn't own slaves.
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๋…ธ์˜ˆ๋„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ ์  ์—†๊ณ ,
10:35
I'm not trying to whitewash history.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์€ํํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
I'm a good guy. I'm a good person."
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ฐฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
10:40
Let me tell you what it has to do with you,
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์™œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
and I'll tell it to you by telling you a story
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด ํ…๋ฐ์š”
10:44
about a professor of mine, a white professor,
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์ œ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ์ธ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜์ด๊ณ ,
10:48
when I was in graduate school, who was a brilliant, brilliant individual.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ, ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:52
We'll call him "Fred."
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๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ "ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ"๋กœ ํ•˜์ฃ .
10:55
And Fred was writing this history of the civil rights movement,
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ํ‘์ธ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ง‘ํ•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
but he was writing specifically about a moment
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์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋Š”, ๋…ธ์Šค ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ฒช์—ˆ๋˜
11:02
that happened to him in North Carolina
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๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
when this white man shot this black man in cold blood in a wide-open space
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ํ•œ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์•ผ์™ธ์—์„œ ํ‘์ธ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฌด์ž๋น„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
11:08
and was never convicted.
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์œ ์ฃ„๋กœ ์ธ์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
11:10
And so it was this great book,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ฑ…์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
11:12
and he called together a couple of his professor friends
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์ตœ์ข… ์›๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ ์ดˆ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ 
11:16
and he called me to read a draft of it before the final submission.
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๊ต์ˆ˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค ๋ช‡ ๋ช…๊ณผ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋ชจ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
And I was flattered that he called me;
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์˜๊ด‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
I was only a graduate student then.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์›์ƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:24
I was kind of feeling myself a little bit. I was like, "OK, yeah."
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์ €๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์šฐ์ญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด์ฃ ."ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
I'm sitting around amongst intellectuals,
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€์‹์ธ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์•‰์•„์„œ,
11:31
and I read the draft of the book.
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์ด ์ฑ…์˜ ์ดˆ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
And there was a moment in the book
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๋‚ด์šฉ ์ค‘์—, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ์—
11:37
that struck me as being deeply problematic,
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
11:40
and so I said,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
"Fred," as we were sitting around talking about this draft,
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"ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ." ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์•‰์•„์„œ ์ดˆ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ๋•Œ,
11:45
I said, "Fred, I've got a real problem with this moment that you talk
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์ €๋Š” "ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ, ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜์˜ ์ฑ…์—์„œ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์†Œ์ง€๊ฐ€
11:49
about your maid in your book."
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์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”. ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜๊ณผ ๋ฉ”์ด๋“œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด์š”."
11:52
And I could see Fred get a little "tight," as we say.
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์ง "๋ถˆํŽธ"ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
He said, "What do you mean? That's a great story.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์ด์•ผ? ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ธ๋ฐ.
12:03
It happened just like I said."
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์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์“ด ๊ฑฐ์•ผ."
12:05
I said, "Mmm ... can I give you another scenario?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” "๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆ๋“œ๋ ค๋„ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
12:08
Now, what's the story?
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๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ์˜€๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”?
12:10
It was 1968.
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1968๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
Martin Luther King had just been assassinated.
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๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ง‰ ์•”์‚ด๋‹นํ–ˆ์„ ์‹œ์ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
12:16
His maid, "domestic" -- we'll call her "Mabel,"
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฉ”์ด๋“œ๋Š”, "๊ฐ€์ •๋ถ€"์˜€๊ณ  "๋งˆ๋ฒจ"์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…์‹œ๋‹ค.
12:20
was in the kitchen.
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๋ถ€์—Œ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
Little Fred is eight years old.
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” 8์‚ด์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
12:24
Little Fred comes into the kitchen,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
and Mabel, who he has only seen as smiling and helpful and happy,
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์›ƒ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜ ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ณ  ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด๋ณด์˜€๋˜ ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์ด,
12:33
is bent over the sink,
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์‹ฑํฌ๋Œ€ ์œ„๋กœ ์›€์ธ ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„œ์„œ
12:35
and she's crying,
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์šธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
and she's sobbing
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ํ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
inconsolably.
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์ฃผ์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ.
12:42
And little Fred comes over to her and says, "Mabel, what is wrong?"
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋งˆ๋ฒจ, ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด์—์š”?"
12:47
Mabel turns, and she says,
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๋งˆ๋ฒจ์ด ๋Œ์•„์„œ์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
"They killed him! They killed our leader. They killed Martin Luther King.
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"๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฃฝ์˜€์–ด์š”! ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž ๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ์š”!
12:54
He's dead! They are monsters."
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๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋‹˜์ด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์…จ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ดด๋ฌผ์ด์—์š”."
12:59
And little Fred says,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
"It'll be OK, Mabel. It'll be OK. It'll be OK."
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"๋งˆ๋ฒจ, ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์š”. ๋‹ค ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”."
13:04
And she looked at him, and she says, "No, it's not going to be OK.
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๋งˆ๋ฒจ์ด ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
13:07
Did you not hear what I just said?
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ํ•œ ์–˜๊ธฐ ๋ชป ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”?
13:09
They killed Martin Luther King."
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๋งˆํ‹ด ๋ฃจํ„ฐ ํ‚น ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋‹˜์„ ์ฃฝ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”."
13:13
And Fred,
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š”,
13:15
son of a preacher,
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๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ์•„๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ,
13:17
looks up at Mabel, and he says,
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๋งˆ๋ฒจ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
"But Mabel, didn't Jesus die on the cross for our sins?
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"๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋งˆ๋ฒจ, ์˜ˆ์ˆ˜๋‹˜๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
13:25
Wasn't that a good outcome?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•˜์ž–์•„์š”?
13:27
Maybe this will be a good outcome.
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์ด ์ผ๋„ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
13:30
Maybe the death of Martin Luther King will lead to a good outcome."
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ํ‚น ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋‹˜์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”."
13:36
And as Fred tells the story,
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
13:38
he says that Mabel put her hand over her mouth,
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๋งˆ๋ฒจ์€ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฐ ๋’ค
13:43
she reached down and she gave little Fred a hug,
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€ ์•‰์•„ ์•ˆ์•„์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
and then she reached into the icebox,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ์—์„œ
13:49
and took out a couple Pepsis,
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ํŽฉ์‹œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด,
13:51
gave him some Pepsis
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฅ์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ ๋Š”
13:53
and sent him on his way to play with his siblings.
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ํ˜•์ œ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋†€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
And he said,
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ .
13:58
"This was proof that even in the most harrowing times of race struggle
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"์ด ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด์•ผ ๋ง๋กœ ์ธ์ข… ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ฐธํ˜นํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—
14:04
that two people could come together across racial lines
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ธ์ข…์˜ ์„ ์„ ๋„˜์–ด ํ™”ํ•ฉํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด๋ฉฐ
14:07
and find human commonality
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์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ณตํ†ต๋ถ„๋ชจ์ธ
14:09
along the lines of love and affection."
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘๊ณผ ๋ณด์‚ดํ•Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ธ๋ฐ."
14:12
And I said, "Fred, that is some BS."
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์ €๋Š” ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
14:16
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
14:18
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
14:20
Fred was like,
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š”,
14:23
"But I don't understand, David. That's the story."
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"๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด. ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ธ๋ฐ."
14:26
I said, "Fred, let me ask you a question."
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์ €๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ . "์ œ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ฃ ."
14:29
I said, "You were in North Carolina in 1968.
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"๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜์€ 1968๋…„์— ๋…ธ์Šค ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์— ์‚ฌ์…จ์ฃ .
14:35
If Mabel would've went to her community -- you were eight years old --
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๋งˆ๋ฒจ์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ์†ํ•œ ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿ ์‚ด์ด์—์š”
14:39
what do you think the eight-year-old African-American children
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์—ฌ๋Ÿ ์‚ด ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
14:42
were calling her?
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๋งˆ๋ฒจ์„ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์„๊นŒ์š”?
14:43
Do you think they called her by her first name?"
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์–ด๋ฅธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ถˆ๋ €์„๊นŒ์š”?
14:45
No, they called her "Miss Mabel,"
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์กด์นญ์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ "๋ฏธ์Šค ๋งˆ๋ฒจ"์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
14:47
or they called her "Miss Johnson," or they called her "Auntie Johnson."
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"๋ฏธ์Šค ์กด์Šจ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์„ฑ์„ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ "์กด์Šจ ์ด๋ชจ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
14:50
They would have never dared call her by her first name,
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์–ด๋ฅธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
14:53
because that would have been the height of disrespect.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋งŒํผ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.
14:55
And yet, you were calling her by her first name
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
14:58
every single day that she worked,
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์ „ํ˜€ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
14:59
and you never thought about it."
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถˆ๋ €์–ด์š”."
15:01
I said, "Let me ask you another question: Was Mabel married?
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"๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”. ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:05
Did she have children?
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์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:06
What church did she go to?
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๊ตํšŒ๋Š” ์–ด๋””๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…”๋‚˜์š”?
15:08
What was her favorite dessert?"
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๋””์ €ํŠธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”?"
15:12
Fred could not answer any of those questions.
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ํ•˜๋‚˜๋„ ๋‹ต์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:17
I said, "Fred, this story is not about Mabel.
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์ €๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ . "ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ, ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
15:20
This story is about you."
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์—์š”."
15:22
I said, "This story made you feel good,
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"ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
15:25
but this story is not about Mabel.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
15:28
The reality is,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์€,
15:29
what probably happened was, Mabel was crying,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์€ ์ด๋žฌ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
which was not something she customarily did,
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๋งˆ๋ฒจ์ด ํ‰์†Œ๋‹ต์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ์šธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
15:34
so she was letting her guard down.
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๊ธด์žฅ์ด ํ’€๋ฆฐ ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
15:36
And you came into the kitchen,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์™€
15:38
and you caught her at a weak moment where she was letting her guard down.
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๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์•ฝํ•ด์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ธด์žฅ์ด ํ’€๋ฆฐ ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:42
And see, because you thought of yourself as just like one of her children,
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์ž๋…€๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ” ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ 
15:45
you didn't recognize that you were in fact the child of her employer.
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ์˜ ์•„๋“ค์ธ ์ ์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
15:50
And she'd found herself yelling at you.
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๋งˆ๋ฒจ์€ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
15:53
And then she caught herself,
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๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ .
15:54
realizing that, 'If I'm yelling at him
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'๋งŒ์ผ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:57
and he goes back and he tells his dad or he tells mom,
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๊ป˜ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
15:59
I could lose my job.'
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ด๊ณ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.'
16:02
And so she tempered herself, and she ended up --
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งˆ๋ฒจ์€ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ผ์•‰ํžˆ๊ณ ,
16:05
even though she needed consoling -- she ended up consoling you
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์œ„๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์‹  ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์œ„๋กœํ•˜๊ณ 
16:09
and sending you on your way,
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๊ฐ€์„œ ๋†€๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
16:11
perhaps so she could finish mourning in peace."
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์ž์‹ ์€ ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ํ‚น ๋ชฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์• ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ."
16:16
And Fred was stunned.
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ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
And he realized that he had actually misread that moment.
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๋‹น์‹œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ์ž˜๋ชป ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹จ ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
16:22
And see, this is what they did to Rosa Parks.
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๋กœ์ž ํŒŒํฌ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
Because it's a lot easier to digest an old grandmother with tired feet
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€์นœ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€
16:31
who doesn't stand up because she wants to fight for inequality,
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๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
16:34
but because her feet and her back are tired,
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋ฐœ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋“ฑ์ด ์•„ํŒŒ์„œ,
16:36
and she's worked all day.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
16:39
See, old grandmothers are not scary.
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌด์„ญ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
But young, radical black women
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๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ, ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์ธ ํ‘์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ
16:44
who don't take any stuff from anybody
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๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๋„ ํœ˜๋‘˜๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€
16:46
are very scary,
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ฌด์„ญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
who stand up to power
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๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๊ณ 
16:49
and are willing to die for that --
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์ฃฝ์Œ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•˜๋Š”
16:51
those are not the kind of people
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
16:54
that make us comfortable.
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ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:59
So you say,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ,
17:01
"What do you want me to do, David?
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"๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ , ๋ฐ์ด๋น—?
17:03
I don't know what to do."
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๋ญ˜ ํ•ด์•ผ ๋ ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
17:07
Well, what I would say to you is,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์”€์€,
17:09
there was a time in which,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:11
if you were Jewish, you were not white,
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์œ ๋Œ€์ธ์ด๋ฉด ๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
17:13
if you were Italian, you were not white,
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋„ ๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
17:16
if you were Irish, you were not white
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์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ์ธ๋„, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š”
17:17
in this country.
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๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:19
It took a while before the Irish, the Jews and the Italians became white.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฝค ์ง€๋‚˜์„œ์•ผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐฑ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
Right?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
17:26
There was a time in which you were "othered,"
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด "๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค"์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:28
when you were the people on the outside.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ.
17:33
Toni Morrison said,
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ํ† ๋‹ˆ ๋ชจ๋ฆฌ์Šจ์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:35
"If, in order for you to be tall, I have to be on my knees,
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"๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ํ‚ค๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์„ ๊ฟ‡์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:38
you have a serious problem."
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค."
17:40
She says, "White America has a serious, serious problem."
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” "๋ฐฑ์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค."
17:44
To be honest, I don't know if race relations will improve in America.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ธ์ข… ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ๋  ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:50
But I know that if they will improve,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:51
we have to take these challenges on head on.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:56
The future of my children depends on it.
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์ œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:58
The future of my children's children depends on it.
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์ œ ์†์ž, ์†๋…€๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:01
And, whether you know it or not,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์™€๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด
18:03
the future of your children and your children's children
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ž๋…€๋“ค๊ณผ ์†์ž, ์†๋…€๋“ค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋„
18:07
depends on it, too.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:09
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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