Amma Y. Ghartey-Tagoe Kootin: A musical that examines black identity in the 1901 World's Fair | TED

32,660 views

2019-12-04 ใƒป TED


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Amma Y. Ghartey-Tagoe Kootin: A musical that examines black identity in the 1901 World's Fair | TED

32,660 views ใƒป 2019-12-04

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Ji Huyn Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : hansom Lee
์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ๋ผํ•˜๋ฉด
00:15
The archive.
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00:17
One may envision rooms and shelves
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๋ฐ•์Šค์™€ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ
00:20
stocked with boxes and cartons of old stuff.
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๋ฐฉ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
00:23
And yet, for those who are patient enough to dig through it,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐฌ์ฐฌํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
00:27
the archive provides the precious opportunity
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์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์ฒดํ—˜์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
to touch the past,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ฒดํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:31
to feel and learn from the experiences
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ํ•œ๋•Œ๋Š” ์‚ด์•„์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ฃฝ์–ด ์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์— ๋ฌปํžŒ
00:34
of once-living people who now seem dead and buried deeply in the archive.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒดํ—˜์ด์ฃ .
00:40
But what if there was a way to bring the archive to life?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ํ˜„์‹ค ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
00:44
Jon Michael Reese: "The world is thinking wrong about race."
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์กด ๋งˆ์ดํด ๋ฆฌ์Šค(JMR): "์ง€๊ธˆ ์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์ธ์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ž˜๋ชป ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค."
00:47
Melissa Joyner: "This country insists upon judging the Negro."
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๋ฉœ๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ ์กฐ์ด๋„ˆ(MJ): "์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ‘์ธ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค."
00:50
JMR: "Because it does not know."
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JMR: "์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค"
00:52
AYGTK: What if one could make it breathe?
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AYGTK: ๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์‚ด์•„๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
00:54
MJ: "By his lowest and most vicious representatives."
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MJ: "๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ์ฆ์˜ค์— ์ฐฌ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•ด์„œ."
00:56
AYGTK: Speak.
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AYGTK: ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
JMR: "An honest, straightforward exhibit."
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JMR: "๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ •์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง์„ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „์‹œํ•˜๋‹ค."
00:59
AYGTK: And even sing to us,
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AYGTK: ๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฉฐ,
01:01
so that the archive becomes accessible to everyone.
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์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
What would performing the archive look like?
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์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ์Šต์˜ ๊ณต์—ฐ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:06
A performance that is not simply based on a true story
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์‹คํ™”๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๊ณต์—ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:10
but one that allows us to come face-to-face
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ฃฝ์–ด์„œ ๋ฌปํ˜”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
01:13
with things we thought were once dead and buried.
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์ง์ ‘ ๋งˆ์ฃผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์—ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
(Piano music)
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(ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ์Œ์•…)
01:17
This is what "At Buffalo," a new musical we're developing,
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์ด๊ฑด "๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์—์„œ" ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๊ธฐํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฎค์ง€์ปฌ
01:20
is all about.
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๊ทธ ์ „์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Using collections from over 30 archival institutions,
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30๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ก๋ณด๊ด€์†Œ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ก๋“ค๋กœ
01:24
"At Buffalo" performs the massive archive of the 1901 Pan-American Exposition,
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"๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์—์„œ" ๋ฒ” ๋ฏธ์ฃผ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
the first World's Fair of the 20th century,
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๋‰ด์˜ฅ, ๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์—์„œ ์—ด๋ฆฐ,
01:32
held in Buffalo, New York.
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋งŒ๊ตญ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
Now, if you've heard of this fair,
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์ด ์ „์‹œํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:35
it might be because this is where then-US president, William McKinley,
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ „ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น, ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ๋งคํ‚จ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
01:38
was assassinated.
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์•”์‚ด๋œ ์žฅ์†Œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
For nearly 17 years,
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17๋…„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด,
01:42
I've stayed inside the gates and the archive of this fair,
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์ €๋Š” ์ถœ์ž…๋ฌธ ์•ˆ์ชฝ๊ณผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์˜ ์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ ์†์—์„œ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
not only because of that story
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์ €๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:47
but because of a real life-and-death racial drama
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๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
01:50
that played out on the fairgrounds.
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์ธ์ข…๊ทน ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Here, in a place that was like Disney World, the Olympics,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ๋””์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ๋žœ๋“œ์™€ ์˜ฌ๋ฆผํ”ฝ์žฅ
01:56
carnivals, museums, all in one,
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์นด๋‹ˆ๋ฐœ, ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€, ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ
01:58
there were three conflicting displays of what it meant to be black
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ‘์ธ์ด๋ž€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ธ์ข…์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
02:03
in the United States.
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ์ถฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ „์‹œํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
The archive says white showmen presented
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์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์ง„ํ–‰์ž๊ฐ€
02:07
a savage black origin
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์•ผ๋งŒ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘์ธ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
in the form of 98 West and Central Africans,
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98๋ช…์˜ ์„œ๋ถ€, ์ค‘์•™ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ธ๋“ค์ด
02:12
living and performing war dances
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์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์ „์Šน์ถค์„ ์ถ”๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„์š”.
02:14
in a recreated village called Darkest Africa.
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'Darkest Africa' ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋งˆ์„์—์„œ.
02:18
And across the street,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์—์„œ๋Š”
02:21
a happy slave life,
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ์ƒํ™œ,
02:23
in the form of 150 Southern black performers,
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150๋ช… ์„œ๋ถ€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ธ๋“ค์ด
02:27
picking cotton,
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๋ชฉํ™”๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฉด์„œ
02:29
singing and dancing minstrel shows
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๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถค์ถ”๋ฉฐ ๋ฏผ์ŠคํŠธ๋Ÿด์‡ผ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
in a recreated antebellum attraction called Old Plantation.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ด€๊ด‘๋ช…์†Œ Old Pantation ์—์„œ์š”.
02:37
As a response,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ๋กœ,
02:39
the black Buffalo community championed the third display of blackness:
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๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ ํ‘์ธ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์—์„œ๋Š” ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ „์‹œํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์„ธ์šฐ๋ฉฐ ๋งž์„ฐ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:43
the Negro Exhibit.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ‘์ธ ์ „์‹œํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Codesigned by African American scholar W.E.B. Du Bois,
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์•„ํ”„๋ผ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ํ•™์ž W.E.B ๋’ค๋ณด์•„์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋™ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ
02:49
it curated photographs, charts, books and more,
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์‚ฌ์ง„,ํ‘œ,๊ทธ ์™ธ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
02:53
to show black Americans as a high-achieving race,
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์ธ์ข…์ด๋ฉฐ
02:56
capable of education and progress.
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๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
When I first encountered this story,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
03:02
I understood from my own life experience
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์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฒช์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์„ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ
03:04
what was at stake to have members of the African diaspora
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นธ ๋””์•„์Šคํฌ๋ผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ
03:08
see each other like this.
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๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
For me, as the child of immigrant parents from Ghana, West Africa,
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์ €๋Š”, ์„œ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ์ด๋ฏผ์ž ์ถœ์‹  ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์˜ ์ž์‹์ด๋ฉฐ
03:14
born in the American South,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ณ ,
03:16
raised in Manhattan, Kansas,
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๋งจํ•ดํŠผ ์บ”์ž์Šค์—์„œ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:20
and having attended the same elite school as Du Bois,
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๋’ค๋ณด์•„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ƒ๋ฅ˜์ธต ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…”๋˜ ์ €๋Š”,
03:23
I could see that the Buffalo fair effectively pitted
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๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์„ ์ž˜ ๋ถ„์—ด์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
the black Northerner against the Southerner,
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๋ถ๋ถ€ํ‘์ธ๊ณผ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ํ‘์ธ,
03:28
the educated against the uneducated,
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๊ต์œก ๋ฐ›์€ ํ‘์ธ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ‘์ธ,
03:30
and the African American against the African.
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์•„ํ”„๋ผ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๊ณผ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นธ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ์š”.
03:33
And I wanted to know:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
How did these three distinct groups of black folk navigate this experience?
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์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด ์„ธ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฒช์—ˆ์„๊นŒ?
03:41
Unfortunately, the archive had answers to questions like this
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์œ ๊ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„, ์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
underneath racial caricature,
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์ธ์ข… ์บ๋ฆฌ์ปค์ฒ˜,
03:47
conflicting information and worse -- silence.
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์ƒ์ถฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋“ค, ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์นจ๋ฌต ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์•„๋ž˜์—์„œ์š”.
03:51
(Piano music)
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(ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ ์Œ์•…)
03:54
Still, I could hear musical melodies
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„, ์ „ ๋ฎค์ง€์ปฌ ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋””๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
03:58
and see dance numbers
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์ถค์ถ”๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
04:00
and the rhythms of the words
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์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋œ ์‹ ๋ฌธ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋“ค์—์„œ
04:01
coming off the pages of old newspaper articles.
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๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
And learning that this World's Fair
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ ์ „์‹œ์žฅ ๊ณณ๊ณณ์—์„œ
04:05
had music playing everywhere on its fairgrounds,
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์Œ์•…์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ,
04:09
I knew that live, immersive, spectacular musical theater,
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์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ , ํ™”๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ฎค์ง€์ปฌ ๊ณต์—ฐ์žฅ์€
04:13
with the latest technologies of our time,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์ตœ์‹  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ
04:16
is the closest experience that can bring the archival story of the 1901 fair
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1901 ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ž์—์„œ ๊บผ๋‚ด ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ถ์œผ๋กœ
04:21
out of boxes and into life.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ์žฌํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
Stories, like Tannie and Henrietta,
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ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์™€ ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์—ํƒ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค,
04:27
a husband and wife vaudeville duo in love
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์— ๋น ์ง„ ๋ฒ„๋“œ๋นŒ ๋“€์˜ค์˜ ๋‚จํŽธ๊ณผ ์•„๋‚ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
04:30
who become at odds over performing these "coon" minstrel shows
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ "์ฟค" ๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ๋Ÿด์€ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
04:33
while striving for their five-dollar-a-week dream
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์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— 5๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋“œ ํŒํ…Œ์˜จ์˜ ๋ช…์†Œ์—์„œ
04:35
in the Old Plantation attraction.
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๊ณต์—ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฟˆ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค.
04:37
Like African businessman John Tevi,
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นธ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€ ์กด ํ…Œ๋น„.
04:40
from present-day Togo,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ† ๊ณ ์—์„œ ์˜จ,
04:42
who must outwit the savage rules of the human zoo
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋™๋ฌผ์›์˜ ์ž”์ธํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋ถ„๋ช… ๊นจ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‚˜
04:45
in which he has become trapped.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—” ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€
04:47
And stories like Mary Talbert,
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๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ ํ†จ๋ฒ„ํŠธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ,
04:51
a wealthy leader of the black Buffalo elite,
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๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ํ‘์ธ ์ง€๋„์ž์ด์ž
04:54
who must come to terms
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š”
04:55
with the racial realities of her home town.
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ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์ธ์ข…๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ง€๋„์ž
04:57
MJ: "The dominant race in this country
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MJ: "์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ธ์ข…์€
04:59
insists upon judging the Negro
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ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ„์†์—์„œ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
by his lowest and most vicious representatives."
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์•…ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ณ€์ธ๋“ค๋กœ."
05:04
AYGTK: Like Old Plantation and Darkest Africa.
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AYGTK: ์˜ฌ๋“œ ํŒํ…Œ์˜จ๊ณผ ๋‹คํ‚ค์ŠคํŠธ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
05:06
MJ: "... instead of by the more intelligent and worthy classes."
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MJ: "...๋” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋Œ€์‹ ์—."
05:10
AYGTK: When fair directors ignored Mary Talbert
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AYGTK: ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ํƒˆ๋ฒ—์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋ฉฐ
05:12
and the local black Buffalo community's request to participate in the fair,
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๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ ํ‘์ธ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
05:16
newspapers say that Mary Talbert
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์‹ ๋ฌธ์€ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ํƒˆ๋ฒ„ํŠธ์™€
05:18
and her club of educated African American women
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๊ทธ๋…€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ต์œก๋ฐ›์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด
05:20
held a rousing protest meeting.
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์‹œ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ธฐํšํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
But the details of that meeting,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ชจ์ž„์˜ ์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€
05:25
even down to the fiery speech she gave,
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ด์ •์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค์กฐ์ฐจ
05:27
were not fully captured in the archive.
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์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ์— ๋‹ค ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
So, "At Buffalo" takes the essence of Mary's speech
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ, "๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์—์„œ"๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ํƒˆ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ์—ฐ์„ค์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋ฉด์„œ
05:33
and turns it into song.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์Œ์•…์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
(All singing) We must, we are unanimous.
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(ํ•ฉ์ฐฝ) ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ญ‰์ณ์•ผํ•˜๋„ค.
05:39
We must, we are unanimous.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ญ‰์ณ์•ผํ•˜๋„ค.
05:43
MJ: We've got something to show --
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MJ: ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
we're going to teach a lesson in Buffalo.
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๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ตํœธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
05:49
It would benefit the nation
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ํ•ด๋ฐฉ ์ดํ›„ ์ €ํฌ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
05:53
to see our growth since emancipation.
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์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
Colored people should be represented in this Pan-American exposition,
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์œ ์ƒ‰์ธ์ข…์€ ํŒฌ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์—์„œ ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋Œ€๋ณ€ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
06:03
it would benefit the nation
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ํ•ด๋ฐฉ ์ดํ›„ ์ €ํฌ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
06:07
to see our growth since emancipation.
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์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
(All singing) They made a great mistake
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(ํ•ฉ์ฐฝ) ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ธ์ข…์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
06:18
not to appoint someone from the race.
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์ง€๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋ €์ง€.
06:25
We must, we are unanimous.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ญ‰์ณ์•ผํ•˜๋„ค.
06:28
We must, we are unanimous.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ญ‰์ณ์•ผํ•˜๋„ค.
06:32
We must, we are unanimous.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ญ‰์ณ์•ผํ•˜๋„ค.
06:33
AYGTK: Mary Talbert successfully demands that the Negro Exhibit come to the fair.
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๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ํƒˆ๋ฒ„ํ”„๋Š” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ ์ฐธ์—ฌ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
And to have the Negro Exhibit in Buffalo
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์—์„œ ํ‘์ธ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ๋ฅผ ์—ด๋ฉฐ
06:41
means that the musical must tell the story behind why Du Bois cocreated it ...
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์ด ๋ฎค์ง€์ปฌ์€ ์™œ ๋’ค๋ณด์•„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊ณต๋™ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€
06:47
and why Mary and the black elite felt it was urgently needed.
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์™œ ๋งค๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ‘์ธ ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ๋“ค์ด ์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
JMR: "The world is thinking wrong about race.
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"์„ธ์ƒ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ธ์ข…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ž˜๋ชป ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค."
06:58
They killed Sam Hose for who they thought he was.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ˜ํ˜ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ํŒ๋‹จํ•ด ์ฃฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
And more men like him, every day,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€, ๋งค์ผ
07:05
more Negro men, like him, taken apart.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด, ๊ทธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฐˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ ์ฐข๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
And after that -- that red ray ...
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ํ”ผ์˜ ๊ด‘๊ธฐ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„
07:14
we can never be the same.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
(Singing) A red ray
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(๋…ธ๋ž˜) ํ”ผ์˜ ๊ด‘๊ธฐ
07:21
[A man hunt in Georgia]
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[์กฐ์ง€์•„์—์„œ ๋ฒ”์ธ ์ถ”์ ]
07:22
cut across my desk
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๋‚ด ์ฝ”์•ž๊นŒ์ง€ ์™”๋„ค
07:24
[Mob after Hose; he will be lynched if caught]
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[ํ˜ธ์Šค ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ชน: ๊ทธ๋Š” ์žกํžˆ๋ฉด ๋ฆฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.]
07:26
the very day
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋‚ 
07:28
Sam's hands were laid to rest.
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์ƒ˜์˜ ์†์€ ์•ˆ์‹์„ ์ทจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋„ค.
07:33
Can words alone withstand the laws unjust?
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๋ง๋กœ์„œ๋งŒ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
07:40
[Escape seems impossible]
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[ํƒˆ์ถœ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค]
07:42
Can words alone withstand the violence?
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๋ง๋กœ์„œ๋งŒ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
07:50
Oh, no, oh.
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์˜ค ์•„๋‹ˆ,์•„๋‹ˆ
07:55
[Burned alive]
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[์‚ฐ์ฑ„๋กœ ํ™”ํ˜•๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค]
07:56
[Sam Hose is lynched]
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[์ƒ˜ ํ˜ธ์Šค ,๋ฆฐ์น˜ ๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค]
07:57
Oh, no, oh.
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์˜ค ๋…ธ๋…ธ
08:02
[His body cut in many pieces]
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[์ƒ˜ ํ˜ธ์Šค์˜ ๋ชธ์ด ํ† ๋ง‰๋‚˜๋‹ค]
08:05
Oh, no, oh.
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์˜ค ๋…ธ๋…ธ
08:08
[Burned at the Stake]
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[ํ™”ํ˜•๋Œ€์—์„œ ํ™”ํ˜•๋‹นํ•˜๋‹ค]
08:09
[Ten Cents Slice Cooked Liver.]
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[์š”๋ฆฌ ๋œ ๊ฐ„์€ 10์„ผํŠธ]
08:12
[Fight for souvenirs.]
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[๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ธ์šฐ์ž]
08:20
(Both singing) Who has read the books?
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(ํ•ฉ์ฐฝ) ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๋Š” ์ž ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€?
08:24
Our numbers and statistics look small
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์ˆซ์ž์™€ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Š” ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ๋น„ํ•ด
08:29
against the page.
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์ ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒ ์ง€.
08:34
The crisis has multiplied.
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์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ ์  ๊ณ ์กฐ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:37
Our people are lynched and died.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ฆฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃฝ์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋„ค.
08:40
Oh, Lord.
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์˜ค, ์ฃผ์—ฌ
08:42
Something must change.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋„ค.
08:50
AYGTK: Something must change.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ณ€ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
"At Buffalo" reveals how the United States today
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"๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์—์„œ" ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ 1901๋…„์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด
08:59
stands at similar crossroads as 1901 America.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ ์—์„œ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
Just as the name of Sam Hose filled newspapers back then,
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์ƒ˜ ํ˜ธ์Šค์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์‹ ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€๋“ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
09:07
today's media carries the names of:
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด๋ฆ„๋“ค์ด ์‹ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
JMR: Oscar Grant.
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JMR: ์˜ค์Šค์นด ๊ทธ๋žœํŠธ
09:12
MJ: Jacqueline Culp.
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MJ: ์žฌํด๋ฆฐ ์ปฌํ”„
09:13
Pianist: Trayvon Martin.
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ํ”ผ์•„๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ: ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋ณธ ๋งˆํ‹ด
09:16
AYGTK: Sandra Bland.
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AYGTK: ์‚ฐ๋“œ๋ผ ๋ธ”๋žœ๋“œ
09:18
And too many others.
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๊ทธ ์™ธ์— ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋ฆ„๋“ค.
09:20
The 1901 fair's legacies persist
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1901๋…„ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์˜ ์ž”์žฌ๋Š”
09:24
in more ways than we can imagine.
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
MJ: Mary Talbert
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MJ: ๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ ํ†จ๋ฒ„ํŠธ์™€
09:31
and the National Association of Colored Women
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์œ ์ƒ‰์ธ์ข… ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋Š”
09:33
started movements against lynching
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๋ฆฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
09:36
and the myth of black criminality
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ํ‘์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ฏธ์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์žก์œผ๋ ค ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
09:38
just as black women today started Black Lives Matter.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ‘์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋ธ”๋ž™ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ์Šค ๋งคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
09:42
JMR: And some of the same people who fought for
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JMR: ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์‹ธ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
and created the Negro Exhibit,
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ํ‘์ธ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ์š”.
09:47
including Du Bois,
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๋’ค๋ณด์•„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จ,
09:49
came to Buffalo, four years after the fair,
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๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ ์ดํ›„ 4๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜ ๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์— ์™€์„œ,
09:51
to start the Niagara Movement,
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๋‚˜์ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ผ ์šด๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
which set the groundwork for the creation of the NAACP.
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NAACP ๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ์‹œ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:57
AYGTK: It's not just black folks
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ATGTK: 1901๋…„ ๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ ๋•Œ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฒช์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
09:59
who had a peculiar experience at the 1901 fair.
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ํ‘์ธ ๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
An official handbook informed fair-goers:
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๋ฐ•๋žŒํšŒ์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋‚ด์„œ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
MJ: "Please remember:"
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MJ: "๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”."
10:07
JMR: "... once you get inside the gate,"
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JMR: "...๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด ๋ฌธ ์•ˆ์— ๋ฐœ์„ ๋“ค์ธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„,"
10:09
AYGTK: "... you are a part of the show."
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AYGTK: "...๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์ด ์‡ผ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
10:13
Performing the archive in "At Buffalo"
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"๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ์—์„œ"์˜ ์•„์นด์ด๋ธŒ ๊ณต์—ฐ์€
10:15
allows audiences to ask themselves,
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๊ด€๊ฐ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
"Are we still inside the gates,
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด ๋ฌธ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๊ณ ,
10:20
and are we all still part of the show?"
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์ด ์‡ผ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ๊ฐ€?"
10:29
(Music ends)
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(์Œ์•… ๋)
10:32
(Applause and cheers)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์™€ ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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