How Africa can use its traditional knowledge to make progress | Chika Ezeanya-Esiobu

122,216 views ・ 2017-10-31

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: SeungGyu Min κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
Some months back, I was visiting this East African city,
0
13054
5480
λͺ‡λ‹¬ μ „ 아프리카 λ™λΆ€μ˜ ν•œ λ„μ‹œλ₯Ό λ°©λ¬Έν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
and we were stuck in traffic.
1
18558
2989
μ°¨κ°€ 꽉 λ§‰ν˜€ 움직이지 λͺ»ν–ˆμ£ .
00:21
And this vendor suddenly approaches my window
2
21571
3042
그런데 ν•œ 행상이 닀가와 창문을 λ‘λ“œλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
with a half-opened alphabet sheet.
3
24637
2543
μ†μ—λŠ” 반쯀 νŽΌμ³μ§„ μ•ŒνŒŒλ²³ 쒅이λ₯Ό λ“€κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
I took a quick look at the alphabet sheet,
4
28505
2819
슬쩍 μ•ŒνŒŒλ²³ 차트λ₯Ό 봀을 λ•Œ
00:31
and I thought of my daughter,
5
31348
1435
κ°‘μžκΈ° 딸아이가 μƒκ°λ‚¬μ–΄μš”.
00:32
how it would be nice to spread it on the floor
6
32807
2562
λ§ˆλ£¨μ— 펼쳐 λ†“μœΌλ©΄ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 이쁠까
00:35
and just play all over it with her
7
35393
1840
딸아이와 쒅일 κ·Έ μœ„μ—μ„œ λ’Ήκ΅΄κ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
while getting her to learn the alphabet.
8
37257
2189
딸아이아 μ•ŒνŒŒλ²³μ„ κΉ¨μΉ˜λ©΄μ„œ 말이죠.
00:39
So the traffic moved a bit, and I quickly grabbed a copy,
9
39470
3295
μ°¨κ°€ μ‘°κΈˆμ”© μ›€μ§μ΄λŠ” μˆœκ°„ μ €λŠ” 재빨리 κ·Έκ±Έ μƒ€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
and we moved on.
10
42789
1999
그리고 그곳을 λ– λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
When I had time to fully open the alphabet sheet
11
46165
3101
λ‚˜μ€‘μ— μ•ŒνŒŒλ²³ 차트λ₯Ό μ™„μ „νžˆ νŽΌμ³λ†“κ³ 
00:49
and take a more detailed look at it,
12
49290
2329
μžμ„Ένžˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ•˜μ£ .
00:51
I knew I was not going to use that to teach my daughter.
13
51643
3023
이 μ°¨νŠΈλŠ” 아무 μ†Œμš©μ΄ μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
I regretted my purchase.
14
55267
1517
μƒ€λ˜ 일을 ν›„νšŒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
Why so?
15
58331
1342
μ™œ κ·Έλž¬μ„κΉŒμš”?
01:00
Looking at the alphabet sheet reminded me of the fact
16
60338
2786
κ·Έ μ°¨νŠΈλŠ” μ €μ—κ²Œ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 사싀을 μƒν‚€μ‹œμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
that not much has changed
17
63148
2376
λ³€ν•œ 것이 μ—†λŠ” μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ ν˜„μ‹€μ„μš”.
01:05
in the education curricula in Africa.
18
65548
2423
λ°”λ‘œ 아프리카 λŒ€λ₯™μ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ œλ„μ˜ ν˜„μ‹€μ„ λ–  μ˜¬λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
Some decades back, I was taught out of a similar alphabet sheet.
19
68729
3720
μˆ˜μ‹­λ…„ μ „, 저도 이런 μ•ŒνŒŒλ²³ ν‘œλ₯Ό 가지고 κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
And because of that, I struggled for years.
20
73312
2257
κ·Έ λ•Œλ¬Έμ—, μˆ˜λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ €λŠ” λ²ˆλ―Όν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
I struggled to reconcile my reality with the formal education I received
21
76464
4496
ν˜„μ‹€κ³Ό λ‚΄κ°€ 받은 ꡐ윑과의 νƒ€ν˜‘μ μ„ μ°ΎκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
in school, in the schools I attended.
22
80984
2147
λ°”λ‘œ μ œκ°€ κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆλ˜ ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
I had identity crises.
23
84592
2010
λ‚˜λŠ” λˆ„κ΅¬μΈκ°€ κΆκΈˆν•΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
I looked down on my reality.
24
86626
2909
제 ν˜„μ‹€μ΄ λΉ„κ΄€μŠ€λŸ½κ³ 
01:29
I looked at my ancestry, I looked at my lineage with disrespect.
25
89559
4246
쑰상과 λ‚΄ λͺΈμ— 흐λ₯΄λŠ” μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μΈμ˜ ν”Όλ₯Ό λ©Έμ‹œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
I had very little patience for what my life had to offer around me.
26
94205
5053
주변이 μ™œ 이럴까 ν•˜λŠ” ν•˜λŠ” 쑰바심에 κ΄΄λ‘œμ›Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:41
Why?
27
101045
1399
μ΄μœ κ°€ λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
01:43
"A is for apple."
28
103496
1419
"aλŠ” apple ν•  λ•Œ aλ‹€."
01:46
"A is for apple."
29
106421
1424
"aλŠ” apple ν•  λ•Œ aλ‹€."
01:49
"A is for apple" is for that child in that part of the world
30
109528
4688
"aλŠ” apple ν•  λ•Œ a이닀." λΌλŠ” κ³΅λΆ€λŠ” 사과λ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 지역에 μ‚¬λŠ”
01:54
where apples grow out;
31
114240
1732
μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œλ§Œ 이해할 수 μžˆλŠ” κ΅μœ‘λ°©λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
who has an apple in her lunch bag;
32
116751
1976
λ„μ‹œλ½μ— 사과λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έκ°ˆ 수 μžˆλŠ” μ•„μ΄λ“€ν•œν…Œλ‚˜ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
who goes to the grocery store with her mom and sees red,
33
120235
3402
μ—„λ§ˆμ™€ κ°€κ²Œμ— κ°€μ„œ 빨간색
02:03
green, yellow -- apples of all shapes and colors and sizes.
34
123661
3653
μ΄ˆλ‘μƒ‰, λ…Έλž€μƒ‰μ˜ 갖은 λͺ¨μ–‘κ³Ό 색깔과 크기의 사과λ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 아이듀 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
And so, introducing education to this child
35
128049
2889
λ˜ν•œ 이런 μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ
02:10
with an alphabet sheet like this
36
130962
2122
이런 μ•ŒνŒŒλ²³ 벽지 같은 자료λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ˜μ–΄κ΅μœ‘μ€
02:14
fulfills one of the major functions of education,
37
134090
3041
ꡐ윑의 μ£Όμš” κΈ°λŠ₯듀쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό λ§Œμ‘±μ‹œν‚€λ©΄μ„œ
02:17
which is to introduce the learner
38
137155
3162
ν•™μŠ΅μžλ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ
02:20
to an appreciation of the learner's environment
39
140341
3373
κ·Έ ν•™μŠ΅μžμ˜ ν™˜κ²½μ— λŒ€ν•œ 이해도λ₯Ό λ†’μ΄λŠ” λ™μ‹œμ—
02:23
and a curiosity to explore more in order to add value.
40
143738
4642
κ°€μΉ˜ ν–₯상을 μœ„ν•œ 탐ꡬ μ˜μš•μ˜ 동기 뢀여에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
In my own case,
41
149581
1411
제 κ²½μš°μ—
02:32
when and where I grew up in Africa,
42
152014
2312
μ œκ°€ νƒœμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžλž€ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄λŠ”
02:35
apple was an exotic fruit.
43
155613
1830
μ‚¬κ³ΌλŠ” μ±…μ—μ„œλ‚˜ λ³΄λŠ” κ³ΌμΌμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
Two or three times a year,
44
158719
1385
일년에 ν•œ λ‘λ²ˆ
02:40
I could get some yellowish apples with brown dots, you know,
45
160128
5367
κ°ˆμƒ‰ 반점이 λ°•νžŒ λ…Έλž€μƒ‰ 사과 λͺ‡ 개λ₯Ό λ¨ΉλŠ”κ²Œ λ‹€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
signifying thousands of miles traveled -- warehouses storing --
46
165519
3897
수천 마일 떨어진 μ°½κ³ μ—μ„œ μ„ λ³„λ˜μ–΄ μ™”λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
02:49
to get to me.
47
169440
1174
μ €ν•œν…Œ μ˜€κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ 말이죠.
02:51
I grew up in the city
48
171575
1911
μ €λŠ” λ„μ‹œμ—μ„œ μžλžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
to very financially comfortable parents,
49
173510
3000
맀우 λΆ€μœ ν•œ λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜ λ°‘μ—μ„œ μžλžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
so it was my dignified reality,
50
176534
1942
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 큰 κ³ μƒμ—†λŠ” μƒν™œμ„ ν–ˆλŠ”λ°λ„
02:58
exactly the same way
51
178500
2311
저도 λ³„λ°˜ λ‹€λ₯Όκ²Œ μ—†μ—ˆμ£ 
03:00
cassava fufu or ugali would not regularly feature
52
180835
4162
카사바 ν›„ν›„λ‚˜ μš°κ°ˆλ¦¬κ°™μ€ μŒμ‹μ΄
03:05
in an American, Chinese or Indian diet,
53
185021
2901
λ―Έκ΅­, 쀑ꡭ ν˜Ήμ€ μΈλ„μ—μ„œλŠ” λ³Ό 수 μ—†λŠ” κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
03:08
apples didn't count as part of my reality.
54
188851
2429
μ‚¬κ³ΌλΌλŠ” 과일은 ν¬κ·€ν•œ λ¬Όκ±΄μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
03:12
So what this did to me,
55
192208
3048
이것이 λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ μ€€ 것이 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
03:15
introducing education to me with "A is for apple,"
56
195280
3684
λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ "aλŠ” appleν•  λ•Œ a이닀" λΌλŠ” κ΅μœ‘μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ€
03:18
made education an abstraction.
57
198988
2459
μ˜λ―Έμ—†λŠ” κ²°κ³Όλ§Œμ„ λ‚¨κΈ°λŠ” κ΅μœ‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
It made it something out of my reach --
58
201914
1869
λ‚΄κ°€ λ‹€κ°€κ°ˆ 수 μ—†λŠ” 곳에 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 물건에 λŒ€ν•œ 곡뢀
03:24
a foreign concept,
59
204665
1906
λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μžλ©΄, 싀체가 μ—†λŠ” κ°œλ…μΌ λΏμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
a phenomenon for which I would have to constantly and perpetually seek
60
206595
3806
그것은 μ œκ°€ 계속 맀달렀야 ν•˜λŠ” 것일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
the validation of those it belonged to
61
210425
1811
사과가 가진 의미의 νš¨μœ¨μ„±κ³Ό
03:32
for me to make progress within it and with it.
62
212260
2940
μ‹€μ²΄μ˜ νŒŒμ•…μ€
03:36
That was tough for a child; it would be tough for anyone.
63
216109
2906
아이가 κ°λ‹Ήν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ” λ¬΄λ¦¬μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
As I grew up and I advanced academically,
64
220042
2723
μ œκ°€ μ„±μž₯ν•˜κ³  κ΅μœ‘μ„ λ°›μœΌλ©΄μ„œ
03:42
my reality was further separated from my education.
65
222789
5064
μ œκ°€ 깨달은 것은 μ΄λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€μ˜ κ΅μœ‘κ³ΌλŠ” 동떨어진 ν˜„μ‹€μ˜ μΈμ‹λΏμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:48
In history, I was taught
66
228739
1746
μ—­μ‚¬μ±…μ—μ„œ, μ €λŠ”
03:50
that the Scottish explorer Mungo Park discovered the Niger River.
67
230509
4251
μŠ€μ½”νŠΈλžœλ“œμ˜ νƒν—˜κ°€ Mungo Park 이 λ‹ˆμ œλ₯΄ 강을 λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
And so it bothered me.
68
235631
1793
그리고 κ·Έ 사싀은 μ €λ₯Ό κ΄΄λ‘­ν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
My great-great-grandparents grew up
69
237448
2015
제 쑰상듀은 λ°”λ‘œ
03:59
quite close to the edge of the Niger River.
70
239487
2003
λ°”λ‘œ λ‹ˆμ œλ₯΄ κ°• κ°€κΉŒμ΄μ—μ„œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 일생을 μ‚¬μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
(Laughter)
71
241514
2419
(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:03
And it took someone to travel thousands of miles from Europe
72
243957
6477
λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 수만리 떨어진 μœ λŸ½μ—μ„œ κ±΄λ„ˆμ™€μ„œ
04:10
to discover a river right under their nose?
73
250458
2447
λ°”λ‘œ λ‚΄ 동넀에 μžˆλŠ” 강을 "발견"ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:12
(Laughter)
74
252929
2441
(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:15
No!
75
255394
1157
어이가 μ—†μ£ .
04:16
(Applause and cheers)
76
256575
5419
(λ°•μˆ˜μ™€ ν™˜ν˜Έ)
04:22
What did they do with their time?
77
262018
1929
λ„λŒ€μ²΄ 우리 μ„ μ‘°λ‹˜λ“€μ€ 뭘 ν•˜κ³  κ³„μ…¨μ„κΉŒμš”?
04:23
(Laughter)
78
263971
1897
(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:25
Playing board games, roasting fresh yams,
79
265892
2831
μž₯κΈ°λ‚˜ 두고, μ–Œμ΄λ‚˜ κ΅½κ³ 
04:28
fighting tribal wars?
80
268747
1380
뢀쑱간에 μ „μŸλ§Œ ν•˜μ…¨λ‚˜μš”?
04:30
I mean, I just knew my education was preparing me to go somewhere else
81
270557
4860
μ œκ°€ ꡐ윑의 힘으둜 곡뢀λ₯Ό ν•΄μ„œ
04:35
and practice and give to another environment that it belonged to.
82
275441
3767
λ‹€λ₯Έ κ³³μ—μ„œ κ°œμ—…ν•˜κ³  κ·Έ μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 일원이 λ˜μ–΄ μ‚΄ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀은 μΈμ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
It was not for my environment, where and when I grew up.
83
279232
3183
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μ œκ°€ λ‚˜κ³  μžλž€ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—λŠ” μ €λŠ” 아무것도 ν•œ 것이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
And this continued.
84
283029
1159
μ§€κΈˆλ„ κ·Έλ ‡κ³ μš”.
04:44
This philosophy undergirded my studies
85
284212
1893
이 μžκ°μ€ μ œκ°€ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ
04:46
all through the time I studied in Africa.
86
286129
2465
제 μ—°κ΅¬μ˜ 기반이 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:48
It took a lot of experiences and some studies
87
288618
3834
μ œκ°€ κ°€μ‘Œλ˜ νŒ¨λŸ¬λ‹€μž„μ΄ λ°”λ€ŒκΈ°κΉŒμ§€
04:52
for me to begin to have a change of mindset.
88
292476
3152
λ§Žμ€ μ„ ν—˜κ³Ό 연ꡬ가 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
I will share a couple of the remarkable ones with us.
89
295652
2964
이런 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
I was in the United States in Washington, DC
90
299735
2355
μ €λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­ Washigton DC μ—μ„œ μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
studying towards my doctorate,
91
302114
2042
박사과정을 μœ„ν•΄μ„œμ˜€μ£ .
05:04
and I got this consultancy position with the World Bank Africa Region.
92
304180
3877
그리고 μ œκ°€ 세계은행 아프리카 지역 μžλ¬Έμ—­μ„ 맑게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:08
And so I remember one day,
93
308735
2756
그리고 μ–΄λŠ λ‚ 
05:11
my boss -- we were having a conversation on some project,
94
311515
4648
제 상사가 κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— 진행쀑인 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ— κ΄€ν•œ μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‹€
05:16
and he mentioned a particular World Bank project,
95
316187
3041
세계은행 아프리카 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ–ΈκΈ‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:19
a large-scale irrigation project that cost millions of dollars
96
319252
4972
수백만 λ‹¬λŸ¬ 규λͺ¨μ˜ λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ 관계농업 κ±΄μ΄μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
05:24
in Niger Republic
97
324248
1331
λ‹ˆμ œλ₯΄ κ³΅ν™”κ΅­μ—μ„œ ν–ˆλ˜ μ‚¬μ—…μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:25
that was faltering sustainably.
98
325603
3274
μ‚¬μ—…μ˜ 지속성에 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ κ±°λ‘  λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
He said this project wasn't so sustainable,
99
328901
2343
κ·ΈλŠ” 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκ°€ 지속성에 μ˜λ¬Έμ„ ν’ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:31
and it bothered those that instituted the whole package.
100
331268
4223
전체 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ κ³¨μΉ˜λ©μ–΄λ¦¬μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:36
But then he mentioned a particular project,
101
336035
2789
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, κ·Έλ•Œ μ €λŠ” κ·Έ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ±΄μ˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:39
a particular traditional irrigation method that was hugely successful
102
339517
4917
아프리카 전톡적 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” 크게 μ„±κ³΅μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:44
in the same Niger Republic where the World Bank project was failing.
103
344458
3697
λ‹€λ₯Έ 곳도 μ•„λ‹ˆκ³  세계은행이 ν¬κΈ°ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•˜λ˜ λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έ λ‹ˆμ œλ₯΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
And that got me thinking.
104
348930
1496
κ·Έ 일둜 μ €λŠ” 고민에 λΉ μ§€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:51
So I did further research,
105
351281
1743
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 더 심측적인 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜κ²Œ 됐죠.
05:53
and I found out about Tassa.
106
353984
2385
Tassa 농법에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
Tassa is a traditional irrigation method
107
357775
3770
Tassa λŠ” μ˜ˆμ „λΆ€ν„° ν•΄μ˜€λ˜ κ΄€κ°œλ†λ²•μœΌλ‘œ
06:01
where 20- to 30-centimeter-wide and 20- to 30-centimeter-deep holes
108
361569
6193
20μ—μ„œ 30 μ •λ„μ˜ 폭과 20μ—μ„œ 30μ •λ„μ˜ 깊이λ₯Ό
06:07
are dug across a field to be cultivated.
109
367786
2874
κ²½μž‘ μ˜ˆμ •μ§€μ— ꡬ덩이λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:11
Then, a small dam is constructed around the field,
110
371220
4113
그러면 λ…Ό 주변에 μž‘μ€ 댐이 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:16
and then crops are planted across the surface area.
111
376296
3626
그리고 λ‚˜μ„œλŠ” 논을 λ”°λΌμ„œ μž‘λ¬Όμ„ μ‹¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:19
What happens is that when rain falls,
112
379946
3304
λΉ„κ°€ 였면
06:23
the holes are able to store the water
113
383274
2984
κ·Έ κ΅¬λ©μ΄λŠ” 물을 μ €μž₯ν•˜κ²Œ 되고
06:26
and appropriate it to the extent that the plant needs the water.
114
386282
3818
심은 μž‘λ¬Όμ΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ 만큼의 물을 μœ μ§€ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
The plant can only assimilate as much water as needed
115
390124
3266
κ·Έ 식물은 ν•„μš”ν•œ 만큼의 μ–‘μ˜ 물을 ν‘μˆ˜ν•˜λŠ”λ°
06:33
until harvest time.
116
393414
1570
μΆ”μˆ˜κ°€ 끝날 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ κ³„μ†λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:36
Niger is 75 percent scorched desert,
117
396582
3693
λ‹ˆμ œλ₯΄λŠ” 75 %κ°€ 뜨거운 μ‚¬λ§‰μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:40
so this is something that is a life-or-death situation,
118
400299
2693
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이 농법은 κ΅­λ―Όλ“€μ˜ 생사가 달린 μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:43
and it has been used for centuries.
119
403016
1808
그리고 μˆ˜μ„ΈκΈ° λ™μ•ˆ μ‹œν–‰λ˜μ–΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
In an experiment that was conducted,
120
405384
2102
μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μˆ˜ν–‰ν•œ ν•œ 연ꡬ가 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°
06:48
two similar plots of land were used in the experiment,
121
408233
5413
두 곳의 λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 크기의 ν† μ§€μ—μ„œ μ‹œν–‰λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:53
and one plot of land
122
413670
2631
ν•œ κ³³μ—μ„œλŠ”
06:56
did not have the Tassa technique on it.
123
416325
1942
Tessa 농법을 μ μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ³ 
06:58
Similar plots.
124
418291
1167
ν¬κΈ°λŠ” λΉ„μŠ·ν–ˆμ£ .
06:59
The other one had Tassa technique constructed on it.
125
419482
3158
또 λ‹€λ₯Έ ν•œ κ³³μ—μ„œλŠ” Tessa 기법을 μ μš©μ‹œμΌœ λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:03
Then similar grains of millet also were planted on both plots.
126
423332
3755
이 두곳에 수수λ₯Ό μž¬λ°°ν•΄ λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:08
During harvest time,
127
428045
2207
μΆ”μˆ˜κΈ°κ°„ λ™μ•ˆ
07:10
the plot of land without Tassa technique
128
430276
3152
Tessa농법을 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ λ…Όμ—μ„œλŠ”
07:13
yielded 11 kilograms of millet per hectare.
129
433452
4171
1ν—₯타λ₯΄λ‹Ή 11kg의 μˆ˜ν™•μ΄ λ‚˜μ™”κ³ 
07:18
The plot of land with Tassa technique
130
438737
2295
Teeas 농법을 ν•œ λ…Όμ—μ„œλŠ”
07:21
yielded 553 kilograms of millet per hectare.
131
441056
5853
1ν—₯타λ₯΄λ‹Ή 553kg의 μˆ˜ν™•λŸ‰μ΄ λ‚˜μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:27
(Applause)
132
447660
2585
(λ°•μˆ˜)
07:30
I looked at the research, and I looked at myself.
133
450269
3913
μ „ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό 보고 μ €λ₯Ό λŒμ•„λ³΄κ³ 
07:34
I said, "I studied agriculture for 12 years,
134
454206
3252
λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "λ†μ—…λ§Œ 12λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆλŠ”λ°
07:37
from primary to Senior Six, as we say in East Africa,
135
457482
3410
East Africa ν•™μ œλ‘œ κΈ°μ΄ˆλΆ€ν„° Senior 6 κΉŒμ§€
07:40
SS3 in West Africa or 12th grade.
136
460916
2346
West Africa ν•™μ œλ‘œ 따진닀면 SS3 ν˜Ήμ€ 12 ν•™λ…„κΉŒμ§€ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:43
No one ever taught me
137
463286
1657
그런데 아무도 μ €μ—κ²Œ
07:44
of any form of traditional African knowledge of cultivation --
138
464967
3806
아프리카 전톡 농법에 λŒ€ν•΄ 말해쀀 μ΄λŠ” μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:48
of harvesting, of anything --
139
468797
1794
심지어 μΆ”μˆ˜λ₯Ό 포함해
07:50
that will work in modern times and actually succeed,
140
470615
3828
μ§€κΈˆλ„ μ μš©ν•  수 있고 성곡할 수 μžˆλŠ” 방법을 말해주지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:54
where something imported from the West would struggle to succeed.
141
474467
4601
μ„œκ΅¬μ—μ„œ μˆ˜μž…μ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 것듀을 μ„±κ³΅μ‹œν‚€λ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λŠ” μ΄κ³³μ—μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:59
That was when I knew the challenge,
142
479775
3113
κ·Έ 일은 μ €μ—κ²Œ λ„μ „μ΄μ—ˆκ³ 
08:02
the challenge of Africa's curricula,
143
482912
2579
μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ ν•™μ œμ— λ„μ „μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:05
And I thus began my quest to dedicate my life, concern my life work,
144
485649
4798
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 제 길을 μ •ν•˜κ³  제 인생을 바쳐 μ‹¬ν˜ˆμ„ κΈ°μšΈμ—¬
08:10
to studying, conducting research on Africa's own knowledge system
145
490471
4292
μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ 지식체계λ₯Ό μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:14
and being able to advocate for its mainstreaming
146
494787
3000
λ™μ‹œμ— ꡐ윑의 쀑심에
08:17
in education, in research, policy
147
497811
2847
μ „ 뢄야와 산업을 ν¬ν•¨μ‹œμΌœ ꡐ윑과 연ꡬ, 그리고 μ •μ±…μˆ˜λ¦½μ„
08:20
across sectors and industries.
148
500682
2055
μ£Όλ₯˜μ— λ„£μ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
Another conversation and experience I had at the bank
149
503445
3844
μ€ν–‰μ—μ„œ μ œκ°€ κ²ͺμ—ˆλ˜ 이야기와 κ²½ν—˜λ“€μ΄
08:27
I guess made me take that final decision of where I was going to go,
150
507313
4750
제 생각엔 μ œκ°€ κ°€κ³ μž ν–ˆλ˜ 곳으둜 κ°€κ²Œ ν•œ 결정타가 λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
even though it wasn't the most lucrative research to go into,
151
512087
4024
심지어 λˆμ€ λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μ—°κ΅¬λ§Œ ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
08:36
but it was just about what I believed in.
152
516135
2317
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 μ œκ°€ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  λ―ΏλŠ” μΌμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:38
And so one day, my boss said that he likes to go to Africa
153
518937
4626
그리고 μ–΄λŠ λ‚  제 상사가 아프리카에 κ°€κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€κ³  ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
08:43
to negotiate World Bank loans and to work on World Bank projects.
154
523587
4536
은행츑과 ν˜‘μƒμ„ ν•΄μ„œ λ³΄μ‘°κΈˆμ„ μ–»μ–΄ μ„Έκ³„μ€ν–‰μ˜ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€κ΅¬μš”.
08:48
And I was intrigued. I asked him why.
155
528614
1949
μ €λŠ” κΆκΈˆν•΄μ„œ 이유λ₯Όλ¬Όμ–΄λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
He said, "Oh, when I go to Africa,
156
530587
2446
그의 λŒ€λ‹΅μ€ "λ‚΄κ°€ 아프리카에 갈 λ•ŒλŠ” 일이 μ‰¬μšΈ κ±°μ•Ό.
08:53
it's so easy.
157
533057
1709
08:55
I just write up my loan documents and my project proposal in Washington, DC,
158
535255
4658
κ·Έλƒ₯ Washington DCμ—μ„œ λŒ€μΆœμ‹ μ²­μ„œμ™€ μ‚¬μ—…κ³„νšμ„œλ₯Ό 써내고
08:59
I go to Africa, and they all just get signed.
159
539937
2953
μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄λ‘œ κ°€λŠ”κ±°μ§€, 그러면 μ•Œμ•„μ„œ λ‹€ 해쀄 κ±°μ•Ό.
09:02
I get the best deal, and I'm back to base.
160
542914
3388
졜고의 ν˜‘μƒμ„ 가지고 μ§‘μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λŠ” 거지.
09:06
My bosses are happy with me."
161
546326
2207
λ‚΄ 상사듀은 μ•„μ£Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λ˜λ°."
09:08
But then he said, "I hate going to Asia or ..."
162
548933
3687
그런데 κ·Έ λ‹€μŒ 말이 "μ•„μ‹œμ•„λ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ 곳은 μ‹«μ–΄.."μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:12
and he mentioned a particular country, Asia and some of these countries.
163
552644
3443
그리고 μ•„μ‹œμ•„ λ‚˜λΌ 쀑 ν•œ κ³³κ³Ό 기타 μ—¬λŸ¬ λ‚˜λΌλ“€μ„ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:16
"They keep me for this, trying to get the best deal for their countries.
164
556111
4023
"그듀은 λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜λŠ” 건 λ‹€ μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆλ‹€κ΅¬. μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ λ‚˜λΌλ§Œ 졜고λ₯Ό 달라고 ν•˜μ§€."
09:20
They get the best deal.
165
560158
1176
그듀은 졜고의 κ²ƒλ§Œ κ°€μ Έκ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
They tell me, 'Oh, that clause will not work for us
166
561358
2908
그듀은 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "그런 말은 도움이 μ•ˆλΌ.
09:24
in our environment.
167
564290
1607
μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆλœλ‹€κ΅¬."
09:25
It's not our reality. It's just so Western.'
168
565921
2973
우리의 μ‚Άκ³Ό 틀리닀ꡬ.'
09:28
And they tell me, 'Oh, we have enough experts
169
568918
3111
그리고 그듀은 μ €μ—κ²Œ "이런 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•  μ „λ¬Έκ°€λŠ”
09:32
to take care of this.
170
572053
1203
μ°¨κ³  λ„˜μΉ˜μ§€.
09:33
You don't have enough experts.
171
573280
1621
λ„ˆν¬λ“€μ€ μ „λ¬Έκ°€κ°€ μ—†μž–μ•„.
09:34
We know our aim.'
172
574925
1153
우린 우리의 λͺ©ν‘œκ°€ μžˆμ–΄.'λΌκ³ μš”
09:36
And they just keep going through all these things.
173
576102
2445
그리고 그듀은 μžκΈ°λ“€μ˜ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό 진행해 λ‚˜κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:38
By the time they finish, yes, they get the best deal,
174
578571
2520
일이 끝났을 λ•Œ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 그듀은 졜고의 쑰건을 작게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:41
but I'm so exhausted and I don't get the best deal for the bank,
175
581115
3165
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ λ‚˜λŠ” λ„ˆλ¬΄ 지쳐 버렸고 μ€ν–‰μ—μ„œ 쒋은 쑰건을 가지지도 λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:44
and we're in business."
176
584304
1179
'아직 λλ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄.'
09:45
"Really?" I thought in my head, "OK."
177
585507
1795
"정말" λ‚΄ 머리속에선 "μ’‹μ•„! ν•΄λ³΄λŠ” κ±°μ•Ό" λ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:47
I was privileged to sit in on a loan negotiating session
178
587326
4280
μ €λŠ” 운이 μ’‹κ²Œλ„ μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ 차관을
09:51
in an African country.
179
591630
1665
ν˜‘μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 기회λ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:53
So I would do these consultancy positions during summer,
180
593319
2820
μ €λŠ” 여름 λ™μ•ˆ μžλ¬Έμ„ 맑아 일을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:56
you know, since I was a doctoral student.
181
596163
2684
μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό, λ°•μ‚¬κ³Όμ •μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:58
And then I traveled with the team, with the World Bank team,
182
598871
4332
세계은행 νŒ€μ›λ“€κ³Ό 여행을 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:03
as more like someone to help out with organizational matters.
183
603227
4316
마치 쑰직적인 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λŠ” ν•΄κ²°μ‚¬μ²˜λŸΌ λ‹€λ…”μ£ .
10:07
But I sat in during the negotiating session.
184
607567
3267
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” ν˜‘μƒ ν…Œμ΄λΈ”μ— μ•‰μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:11
I had mostly Euro-Americans, you know, with me from Washington, DC.
185
611730
4932
제 νŒ€μ›λ“€μ€ μ›Œμ‹±ν„΄ μΆœμ‹ μ˜ μœ λŸ½κ³„ λ―Έκ΅­μΈλ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
And I looked across the table at my African brothers and sisters.
186
616686
4850
ν˜‘μƒ ν…Œμ΄λΈ” λ°˜λŒ€μͺ½μ—” 제 아프리카 ν˜•μ œ μžλ§€κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
I could see intimidation on their faces.
187
621993
2334
κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 거의 ν˜‘λ°•μ‘°μ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:24
They didn't believe they had anything to offer
188
624771
2263
그듀은 μžμ‹ λ“€μ΄ 가지고 μžˆλŠ” 것이 무엇인지 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” 것 κ°™μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:27
the great-great-grandchildren of Mungo Park --
189
627058
2288
Mungo Park 의 ν›„μ†λ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:29
the owners of "apple" in "A is for apple."
190
629370
2617
λ‹€μ‹œ 말해, "사과λ₯Ό μ•Œκ³  μ ‘ν•˜λ˜ λΆ€λ₯˜μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
10:32
They just sat and watched: "Oh, just give us, let us sign.
191
632011
2776
그듀은 κ·Έλƒ₯ μ•‰μ•„μ„œ μ³λ‹€λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ "κ·Έλƒ₯ μ£Όμ„Έμš”! μ‚¬μΈν• κ²Œμš”.
10:34
You own the knowledge. You know it all.
192
634811
1913
이미 잘 μ•„μ‹œμž–μ•„μš”. λ‹€ μ•„μ‹œλ©΄μ„œ.
10:36
Just, where do we sign? Show us, let us sign."
193
636748
2209
μ–΄λ””λ‹€ μ‚¬μΈν• κΉŒμš”? μ£Όμ„Έμš”. 사인 ν•΄λ“œλ¦΄κ»˜μš”." 라고 ν•˜λŠ” 것 κ°™μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:38
They had no voice. They didn't believe in themselves.
194
638981
3036
주문도 μ—†μ—ˆκ³  μŠ€μŠ€λ‘œλ„ λΆˆμ‹ μ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:46
Excuse me.
195
646544
1183
μ‹€λ‘€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:48
And so,
196
648587
1172
그리고
10:51
I have been doing this for a decade.
197
651212
2326
μ €λŠ” 이일을 10λ…„μ§Έ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:53
I have been conducting research on Africa's knowledge system,
198
653562
3444
ν˜„μž¬ μ €λŠ” 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”λ°
10:57
original, authentic, traditional knowledge.
199
657030
2244
μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ œλ„μ™€ 독창적이며 전톡적인 지식체계에 κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:59
In the few cases where this has been implemented in Africa,
200
659298
3197
연ꡬ가 μ§„ν–‰λ˜λŠ” 아프리카 λͺ‡ λͺ‡ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ”
11:02
there has been remarkable successes recorded.
201
662519
2484
큰 성곡을 거두고 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 기둝되고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:05
I think of Gacaca.
202
665027
1537
Gacacaκ°€ μƒκ°λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:07
Gacaca is Rwanda's traditional judicial system
203
667256
4732
Gacacaλž€ λ₯΄μ™„λ‹€μ˜ μ‚¬λ²•μ œλ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:12
that was used after the genocide.
204
672012
2094
λŒ€ν•™μ‚΄ 이후 μ‹œν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
11:14
In 1994, when the genocide ended,
205
674130
2431
1994λ…„ λŒ€ν•™μ‚΄ 이 ν›„
11:18
Rwanda's national court system was in shambles:
206
678100
2562
λ₯΄μ™„λ‹€μ˜ μ‚¬λ²•μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ€ 거의 λΆ•κ΄΄λ˜κ³  μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:20
no judges, no lawyers to try hundreds of thousands of genocide cases.
207
680686
5526
νŒμ‚¬, λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬λ“± λŒ€ν•™μ‚΄μ„ μ²˜λ¦¬ν•  μΈμž¬κ°€ μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:26
So the government of Rwanda came up with this idea
208
686236
3508
κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ₯΄μ™„λ‹€ μ •λΆ€λŠ” μžκ΅¬μ±…μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:29
to resuscitate a traditional judicial system known as Gacaca.
209
689768
3395
Gacaca 라고 ν•˜λŠ” 전톡적인 μ‚¬λ²•μ œλ„λ₯Ό λΆ€ν™œμ‹œν‚¬λ €κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:33
Gacaca is a community-based judicial system,
210
693625
3447
Gacaca μ‚¬λ²•μ œλ„λŠ” 곡동체 μœ„μ£Όμ˜ 법λ₯ μ œλ„λ‘œ
11:37
where community members come together
211
697096
2937
곡동체 ꡬ성원듀이 μ„œλ‘œ λͺ¨μ—¬μ„œ
11:40
to elect men and women of proven integrity
212
700057
3749
μ²­λ ΄ν•œ λ‚¨μžμ™€ μ—¬μžλ₯Ό μ„ μΆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:43
to try cases of crimes committed within these communities.
213
703830
4510
κ·Έ λ“€μ˜ κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œ 사건을 μ‹¬νŒν•  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄μ£ .
11:49
So by the time Gacaca concluded its trial of genocide cases in 2012,
214
709255
5477
Gacaca κ°€ 2012λ…„ λŒ€ν•™μ‚΄ μ‚¬κ±΄μ˜ 심리λ₯Ό 마무리 ν–ˆμ„ 무렡
11:55
12,000 community-based courts had tried approximately 1.2 million cases.
215
715619
6975
12,000 개의 곡톡체 쀑심 λ²•μ •μ—μ„œ 1만 2μ²œμ—¬κ±΄μ˜ 사건을 μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:03
That's a record.
216
723334
1352
기둝에 λ‚˜μ™€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:05
(Applause)
217
725169
4981
(λ°•μˆ˜)
12:10
Most importantly is that Gacaca emphasized Rwanda's traditional philosophy
218
730438
5600
무엇보닀 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 점은 Gacaca λŠ” λ₯΄μ™„λ‹€ μ „ν†΅μ€‘μ—μ„œ
12:16
of reconciliation and reintegration,
219
736062
3093
화해와 μž¬ν†΅ν•©μ˜ 철학을 κ³„μŠΉν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:19
as against the whole punitive and banishment idea
220
739179
3878
처벌과 μΆ”λ°©μ˜ λŒ€λ¦½ κ°œλ…μœΌλ‘œ
12:23
that undergirds present-day Western style.
221
743081
3722
μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ„œκ΅¬μ˜ 사상과 μΌμΉ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:27
And not to compare, but just to say that it really emphasized
222
747481
3895
그리고 비ꡐ가 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ Gacaca 의 핡심은
12:31
Rwanda's traditional method of philosophy.
223
751400
3354
λ₯΄μ™„λ‹€μΈμ˜ 전톡적인 철학을 μ΄μ–΄λ‚˜κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:35
And so it was Mwalimu Julius Nyerere,
224
755269
2597
그리고 이뢄은 Mwalimu Julius Nyerere
12:37
former president of Tanzania --
225
757890
1741
μ „ λ₯΄μ™„λ‹€ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήμ΄μ‹­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:39
(Applause)
226
759655
1476
(λ°•μˆ˜)
12:41
who said that you cannot develop people.
227
761155
3176
κ·Έ 뢄은 "우리λ₯Ό λ°”κΏ€ 수 μžˆλŠ” 것은
12:44
People will have to develop themselves.
228
764916
3058
우리 κ΅­λ―Όλ“€ μžμ‹ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고 ν•˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:48
I agree with Mwalimu.
229
768563
1385
μ €λŠ” 이 λΆ„μ˜ 말씀이 λ§žλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:50
I am convinced
230
770487
1388
μ €λŠ” ν™•μ‹  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:51
that Africa's further transformation, Africa's advancement,
231
771899
3623
μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ 미래의 λ³€ν™”λœ λͺ¨μŠ΅, μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ˜ λ°œμ „μ€
12:55
rests simply in the acknowledgment, validation and mainstreaming
232
775546
4779
아프리카 전톡과 정톡성 그리고 독창적인 λŒ€λ₯™μ˜ 지식을
13:00
of Africa's own traditional, authentic, original, indigenous knowledge
233
780349
4989
우리 μŠ€μŠ€λ‘œκ°€ 인정해주고, μœ νš¨μ„±μ„ μ˜μ‹¬μΉ˜ μ•Šκ³  우리의 μ‚¬νšŒμ— 톡합해
13:05
in education, in research, in policy making and across sectors.
234
785362
4871
ꡐ윑과 연ꡬ, μ •μ±…κ²°μ • 그리고 μ „ 뢄야에 걸친 λ°œμ „μ„ μ΄λ£¨λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:10
This is not going to be easy for Africa.
235
790816
2517
이 일은 쉽지 μ•Šμ€ 도전이 λ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:13
It is not going to be easy for a people used to being told how to think,
236
793357
3464
항상 λ‚¨μ—κ²Œμ„œ μ§€μ‹œλ₯Ό λ°›κ³  일을 ν•˜λ˜ ν•œ 개인의
13:16
what to do, how to go about it,
237
796845
2365
힘으둜 이루기엔 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 일인 κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
13:19
a people long subjected to the intellectual guidance
238
799234
3154
λ˜ν•œ μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ 타 민쑱의 그늘과 지배 μ•„λž˜ μ‚΄λ˜
13:22
and direction of others,
239
802412
1742
민쑱도 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:24
be they the colonial masters,
240
804178
1667
μ§€λ°°μžκ°€ 식민지 사λƒ₯κΎΌμ΄κ±°λ‚˜
13:25
aid industry or international news media.
241
805869
2972
μ‚°μ—…μ΄λ‚˜ ꡭ제 λ‰΄μŠ€ 미디어이건 μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° 상관이 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:28
But it is a task that we have to do to make progress.
242
808865
3234
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 우리의 κ³Όμ œλŠ” 진보와 λ°œμ „μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:32
I am strengthened by the words of Joseph Shabalala,
243
812123
2900
μ €λŠ” Joseph Shabalala의 글을 읽고 νž˜μ„ μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:35
founder of the South African choral group Ladysmith Black Mambazo.
244
815047
3474
남 아프리카 합창단 Ladysmith Black Manbazo 의 μ°½μ„€μžμΈ κ·ΈλŠ”
13:38
He said that the task ahead of us can never, ever be greater
245
818545
5687
우리 μ•žμ— λ†“μ—¬μžˆλŠ” κ³Όμ œλŠ” μ ˆλŒ€λ‘œ 그리고 ν•œλ²ˆλ„ 우리의 λŠ₯λ ₯을
13:44
than the power within us.
246
824256
2153
λ„˜μ–΄μ„  적이 μ—†λ‹€κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:46
We can do it.
247
826433
1158
μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:47
We can unlearn looking down on ourselves.
248
827615
2560
μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 슀슀둜λ₯Ό λΉ„ν•˜ν•˜λŠ” 법은 λ°°μš°μ§€ μ•Šμ•„λ„ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:50
We can learn to place value on our reality and our knowledge.
249
830199
4195
μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 우리 ν˜„μ‹€κ³Ό
13:54
Thank you.
250
834418
1155
κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:55
(Swahili) Thank you very much.
251
835597
1471
(μŠ€μ™€νžλ¦¬μ–΄) λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:57
(Applause)
252
837092
1523
(λ°•μˆ˜)
13:58
Thank you. Thank you.
253
838639
2202
κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
14:00
(Applause)
254
840865
4699
(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7