An astronaut's story of curiosity, perspective and change | Leland Melvin

84,573 views ・ 2019-02-19

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:12
[This talk contains mature content]
0
12221
3096
00:16
In 1969, I was standing behind
1
16770
4309
00:21
a Sylvania black-and-white television set.
2
21103
2873
00:24
Hearing about these things happening on the set in the front,
3
24640
3160
00:27
I was the guy, you know,
4
27824
1151
00:28
moving the rabbit ears for my dad, and my sister and my mom.
5
28999
3111
00:32
"Move over here, turn over here, move this way, we can't see the screen."
6
32134
3495
00:36
And what they were watching
7
36213
2039
00:38
was: "One small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind."
8
38276
5246
00:43
Neil [Armstrong] and Buzz Aldrin were walking on the Moon.
9
43546
3336
00:47
And I was five years old in Lynchburg, Virginia,
10
47308
3841
00:51
a skinny black kid in a kind of somewhat racist town.
11
51173
3320
00:55
And I was trying to figure out what I was going to do with my life.
12
55303
4166
01:00
And my parents, you know, they were educators,
13
60366
2366
01:02
they'd said that you can do anything.
14
62756
2034
01:05
But after that moon landing, all the kids in the neighborhood
15
65094
3012
01:08
were like, "You're going to be an astronaut?"
16
68130
2134
01:10
I'm like, "No."
17
70288
1202
01:11
I don't want a buzz cut, and I don't see someone who looks like me.
18
71514
3199
01:14
Because representation does matter.
19
74717
1702
01:16
And I knew that there was a guy
20
76443
3817
01:20
five blocks down the street on Pierce Street
21
80284
3079
01:23
who was training to play tennis.
22
83387
2134
01:25
And it was Arthur Ashe.
23
85848
1466
01:27
And my dad talked about his character, his discipline,
24
87832
2904
01:30
his intelligence, his athleticism.
25
90760
2270
01:33
I wanted to be Arthur Ashe,
26
93054
1370
01:34
I didn't want to be one of those moon guys.
27
94448
2166
01:37
And as I went on through this journey,
28
97106
4484
01:41
my dad, who was a school teacher, he played in a band,
29
101614
3921
01:45
he did all these things to make money for my sister and I
30
105559
2761
01:48
to take piano lessons
31
108344
1311
01:49
and do these different things with education.
32
109679
2118
01:51
And he one day decides to drive up into the driveway with this bread truck.
33
111821
5919
01:58
And I'm thinking, "OK, bread truck,
34
118356
3777
02:02
me delivering bread while my dad's driving the truck."
35
122157
2976
02:05
I'm like, "OK, I'm going to be a bread guy now."
36
125157
2611
02:07
But he says, "This is our camper."
37
127792
2619
02:11
I'm like, "Dude, come one, I can read: 'Merita Bread and Rolls'
38
131800
2992
02:14
on the side of this truck.
39
134816
1538
02:16
And he says, "No, we're going to build this into our camper."
40
136378
3920
02:21
And over that summer, we rewired the entire electrical system.
41
141187
3873
02:25
We plumbed a propane tank to a Coleman stove,
42
145483
2650
02:28
we built bunk beds that flip down.
43
148157
2444
02:30
We were turning this into our summer vacation launch pad, escape pod,
44
150625
5149
02:35
this thing that could take us out of Lynchburg.
45
155798
2767
02:39
And before that,
46
159614
2600
02:43
I was actually raped at five by some neighbors.
47
163376
3936
02:48
And I didn't tell anyone,
48
168574
2424
02:51
because I had friends that didn't have fathers.
49
171022
3468
02:54
And I knew that my father
50
174887
1961
02:56
would have killed the people that did that to his son.
51
176872
2968
02:59
And I didn't want my father to be gone.
52
179864
2600
03:02
So as we got in this bread truck and escaped from Lynchburg,
53
182959
4482
03:07
it was my time with my dad.
54
187465
2203
03:09
And we went to the Smoky Mountains
55
189692
2234
03:11
and looked at the purple mountains' majesty.
56
191950
2047
03:14
And we walked along the beach in Myrtle Beach,
57
194021
2542
03:16
and this thing was transformative.
58
196587
3112
03:20
It showed me what it meant to be an explorer, at a very early age.
59
200298
3635
03:24
And I suppressed all that negativity,
60
204433
3382
03:27
all that trauma,
61
207839
1166
03:29
because I was learning to be an explorer.
62
209029
2440
03:31
And a little bit later, my mother gave me an age-inappropriate,
63
211910
3055
03:34
non-OSHA-certified chemistry set,
64
214989
1635
03:36
(Laughter)
65
216648
1163
03:37
where I created the most incredible explosion in her living room.
66
217835
3893
03:41
(Laughter)
67
221752
1461
03:43
And so I knew I could be a chemist.
68
223237
1738
03:44
So as I went on this journey through a high school,
69
224999
2421
03:47
and I went to college,
70
227444
1602
03:49
and I got a football scholarship to play football in college.
71
229070
3119
03:52
And I knew that I could be a chemist, because I'd already blown stuff up.
72
232213
3508
03:55
(Laughter)
73
235745
1634
03:57
And when I graduated,
74
237403
3381
04:00
I got drafted to the Detroit Lions.
75
240808
2574
04:03
But I pulled a hamstring in training camp,
76
243406
2206
04:05
and so what every former NFL player does, they go work for NASA, right?
77
245636
3357
04:09
So I went to work for NASA.
78
249017
1294
04:10
(Laughter)
79
250335
1001
04:11
And this friend of mine said, "Leland, you'd be great astronaut."
80
251360
3093
04:14
I just laughed at him, I was like, "Yeah, me, an astronaut?"
81
254477
2884
04:17
You know that Neil and Buzz thing from back in '69?
82
257385
2420
04:19
And he handed me an application, and I looked at it,
83
259829
2567
04:22
and I didn't fill it out.
84
262420
1262
04:23
And that same year, another friend of mine filled out the application
85
263706
4959
04:28
and he got in.
86
268689
1150
04:30
And I said to myself,
87
270372
1400
04:32
"If NASA's letting knuckleheads like that be astronauts,"
88
272790
3161
04:35
(Laughter)
89
275975
1174
04:37
"maybe I can be one, too."
90
277173
1405
04:38
So the next selection, I filled out the application, and I got in.
91
278602
3707
04:42
And I didn't know what it meant to be an astronaut:
92
282333
3809
04:46
the training, the simulations,
93
286166
2579
04:48
all these things to get you ready for this countdown:
94
288769
3070
04:51
three, two, one, liftoff.
95
291863
2000
04:54
And in 2007, I was in Space Shuttle "Atlantis," careening off the planet,
96
294427
5450
04:59
traveling at 17,500 miles per hour.
97
299901
3534
05:03
And eight and a half minutes later,
98
303880
1920
05:05
the main engines cut off, and we're now floating in space.
99
305824
3327
05:09
And I push off and float over to the window,
100
309519
2953
05:12
and I can see the Caribbean.
101
312496
2055
05:14
And I need new definitions of blue to describe the colors that I see.
102
314575
3630
05:18
Azure, indigo, navy blue, medium navy blue, turquoise
103
318560
4163
05:22
don't do any justice to what I see with my eyes.
104
322747
2896
05:26
And my job on this mission was to install
105
326151
2935
05:29
this two-billion dollar Columbus laboratory.
106
329110
3391
05:33
It was a research laboratory
107
333117
1683
05:34
for materials research, for human research.
108
334824
2603
05:37
And I reached into the payload bay of the space shuttle,
109
337737
3349
05:41
grabbed out this big module,
110
341110
2484
05:43
and I used the robotic arm and I attached it to the space station.
111
343618
3426
05:47
And the European team have been waiting 10 years for this thing to get installed,
112
347962
3826
05:51
so I'm sure everyone in Europe was like, "Leland! Leland! Leland!"
113
351812
4574
05:56
(Laughter)
114
356410
1390
05:57
And so this moment happened, this was our primary mission objective,
115
357824
3578
06:01
it was done.
116
361426
1150
06:03
And I had this big sigh of relief.
117
363006
2857
06:07
But then, Peggy Whitson, the first female commander,
118
367189
3166
06:10
she invited us over to the Russian segment.
119
370379
2056
06:12
And the space station's about the size of a football field,
120
372459
2849
06:15
with solar panel and trusses and all of these modules.
121
375332
3531
06:19
And she says, "Leland, you go get the rehydrated vegetables,
122
379427
3064
06:22
we have the meat."
123
382515
1214
06:23
So we float over with the bag of vegetables, all rehydrated,
124
383753
3769
06:27
and we get there.
125
387546
1150
06:29
And there's this moment
126
389467
1322
06:30
where I get [transported] back to my mother's kitchen.
127
390813
4320
06:35
You can smell the beef and barley heating up,
128
395157
2699
06:37
you can smell the food, the colors,
129
397880
3753
06:41
and there are people there from all around the world.
130
401657
2897
06:44
It's like a Benetton commercial,
131
404578
1587
06:46
you know, you have African American, Asian American, French, German, Russian,
132
406189
3960
06:50
the first female commander,
133
410173
1325
06:51
breaking bread at 17,500 miles per hour,
134
411522
3795
06:55
going around the planet every 90 minutes,
135
415341
2326
06:57
seeing a sunrise and a sunset every 45.
136
417691
2906
07:01
And Peggy would say, "Hey, Leland, try some of this,"
137
421127
2627
07:03
and she'd float it over to my mouth,
138
423778
1801
07:05
and I'd catch it and we'd go back and forth.
139
425603
2229
07:07
And we're doing all of this while listening to Sade's "Smooth Operator."
140
427856
5159
07:13
(Laughter)
141
433039
1001
07:14
I mean, this is like blowing my mind, you know.
142
434064
2395
07:16
(Laughter)
143
436483
1095
07:17
And I float over to the window, and I look down at the planet,
144
437602
3420
07:21
and I see all of humanity.
145
441046
3032
07:24
And my perspective changes at that moment,
146
444499
2722
07:27
because, I'm flying over Lynchburg, Virginia, my home town,
147
447245
2879
07:30
and my family's probably breaking bread.
148
450148
1986
07:32
And five minutes later, we're flying over Paris,
149
452158
2563
07:34
where Leo Eyharts is looking down at his parents,
150
454745
2603
07:37
probably having some wine and cheese,
151
457372
1801
07:39
and Yuri's looking off to Moscow,
152
459197
1864
07:41
and they're probably eating borscht or something else.
153
461085
2545
07:43
But we're all having this moment where we see our respective families
154
463654
5027
07:48
working together as one civilization,
155
468705
4167
07:52
at 17,500 miles per hour.
156
472896
2357
07:56
My perspective shifted cognitively,
157
476245
2833
07:59
it changed me.
158
479102
1333
08:00
And when I think about being that little skinny boy,
159
480459
2460
08:02
from sometimes racist Lynchburg, Virginia,
160
482943
3357
08:06
I would never have had that perspective
161
486324
4127
08:10
to think about myself of being an astronaut,
162
490475
2984
08:13
if my father hadn't taken us on a journey
163
493483
3031
08:16
in this radical craft that we built with our own two hands.
164
496538
3861
08:22
When I came home,
165
502016
2214
08:24
I realized that perspective is something
166
504254
4698
08:28
that we all get and we all have.
167
508976
2445
08:32
It's just how far do we open up our blinders
168
512236
2437
08:34
to see that shift and that change.
169
514697
2547
08:37
And going back to the space station,
170
517903
1799
08:39
I think of, you know, Germans and Russians fighting Americans.
171
519726
4823
08:45
We have these people living and working together.
172
525081
2944
08:48
White folks, black folks, Russian folks, French folks, you know.
173
528382
4093
08:52
All these different people coexisting in harmony as one race.
174
532499
5101
08:58
And I think about the colors that I saw, the design of the modules,
175
538712
4247
09:02
the way that things fit together,
176
542983
1580
09:04
the way that it made us a community, our home.
177
544587
3762
09:09
And so when I look up to space now,
178
549221
4488
09:13
and I have this newfound perspective
179
553733
3741
09:17
on the space station going overhead and looking there,
180
557498
3187
09:20
and then looking back at my community
181
560709
1792
09:22
and seeing the people that I'm living and working with,
182
562525
3199
09:25
and coexisting with,
183
565748
2095
09:27
I think it's something that we all can do now, especially in these times,
184
567867
5925
09:33
to make sure that we have the right perspective.
185
573816
3722
09:38
Thank you.
186
578466
1194
09:39
(Applause)
187
579684
4630
09:44
Chee Pearlman: If you don't mind, could I just chat with you for a minute,
188
584338
3490
09:47
because they're going to set up some things here.
189
587852
2372
09:50
And I get to have you all to myself, OK.
190
590248
2302
09:52
Leland Melvin: Alright.
191
592574
1210
09:54
CP: You guys don't get to hear this.
192
594348
1817
09:56
So I have to tell you
193
596189
2079
09:58
that in my family, we watch a lot of space movies
194
598292
5162
10:03
about astronauts and stuff like that.
195
603478
1885
10:05
I can't tell you why, but we do.
196
605387
2016
10:07
(Laughter)
197
607427
1785
10:09
The thing that I wanted to ask you, though,
198
609849
2076
10:11
is that we were seeing this movie the other day,
199
611949
3356
10:15
and it was about one of the astronauts, one of your colleagues,
200
615329
3892
10:19
and before he went up into space,
201
619245
2968
10:22
they actually wrote an obituary, NASA wrote an obituary for him.
202
622237
4159
10:26
And I was like, is that normal?
203
626792
1850
10:28
And is that part of the job?
204
628666
1936
10:30
Do you think about that peril that you're putting yourself in
205
630626
5534
10:36
as you go into space?
206
636184
1294
10:37
LM: Yeah.
207
637502
1298
10:38
So, I don't remember anyone writing my obituary,
208
638824
2254
10:41
maybe that was an Apollo-day thing.
209
641102
2611
10:43
But I do know that in the 135 shuttle flights that we've had,
210
643737
4531
10:48
the shuttle that I flew on,
211
648292
2651
10:50
we had two accidents that killed everyone on that mission.
212
650967
3770
10:55
And we all know the perils and the risks that go along with this,
213
655292
3280
10:58
but we're doing something that's much bigger than ourselves,
214
658596
2839
11:01
and helping advance civilization,
215
661459
1602
11:03
so the risk is worth the reward.
216
663085
3096
11:06
And we all feel that way when we get into that vehicle
217
666515
2712
11:09
ans strap into those million pounds of rocket fuel and go up to space.
218
669251
4716
11:13
CP: Yeah, I've only seen the Hollywood version --
219
673991
2341
11:16
it looks pretty terrifying, I have to tell you.
220
676356
2359
11:18
LM: You should go.
221
678739
1204
11:19
(Laughter)
222
679967
1151
11:21
CP: Yeah, my husband's told me that a few times.
223
681142
2737
11:23
(Laughter)
224
683903
1992
11:25
LM: One-way trip or two-way?
225
685919
1960
11:27
(Laughter)
226
687903
1151
11:29
CP: That’s a bit of a debate in our house.
227
689078
2452
11:31
(Laughter)
228
691554
1464
11:33
I wanted to, if I may ...
229
693411
3473
11:37
You did touch on something that was very powerful and difficult,
230
697554
5233
11:42
which is, you spoke about this incident
231
702811
3661
11:46
that had happened to you when you were five years old,
232
706496
2524
11:49
and that you were raped.
233
709044
1181
11:50
And I just think that for you to be able to say those things,
234
710249
3202
11:53
you know, on the TED stage,
235
713475
2127
11:55
to be able to talk about that at all,
236
715626
2682
11:58
is pretty fearless.
237
718332
1936
12:00
And I wanted to get a sense from you,
238
720292
2865
12:03
is that something that you think is important for you to share that now,
239
723181
4247
12:07
to speak about it?
240
727452
1443
12:08
LM: It's so important, especially for men, to talk about things that have happened,
241
728919
4128
12:13
because we've been trained
242
733071
1479
12:14
and told by our society that we have to be so tough and so hard
243
734574
4186
12:18
and we can't tell of things that are happening to us.
244
738784
2825
12:21
But I've had so many men contact me and tell me that,
245
741633
3554
12:25
"You came through that, you got over that,
246
745211
2049
12:27
I'm going to get over my alcoholism,"
247
747284
1823
12:29
and these things that are going on in them,
248
749131
2018
12:31
because of what happened to them.
249
751173
1603
12:32
And so we must share these stories, this is part of storytelling,
250
752800
3246
12:36
to heal us and to make us whole as a community.
251
756070
3230
12:39
CP: That's wonderful.
252
759324
1899
12:41
(Applause)
253
761247
5423
12:46
And you know, quite honestly, you spoke about perspective shift,
254
766694
4159
12:50
and that is a shift that I think we've been very slow to accept
255
770877
4296
12:55
and to be able to speak about that, so we thank you for that.
256
775197
3865
12:59
We thank you for being the amazing astronaut that you are,
257
779086
3145
13:02
and thank you for coming to the TED stage, Leland.
258
782255
2411
13:04
LM: Thank you so much, Chee.
259
784690
1375
13:06
(Applause)
260
786089
1316
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7