An astronaut's story of curiosity, perspective and change | Leland Melvin

84,492 views ・ 2019-02-19

TED


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00:12
[This talk contains mature content]
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In 1969, I was standing behind
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a Sylvania black-and-white television set.
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Hearing about these things happening on the set in the front,
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I was the guy, you know,
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moving the rabbit ears for my dad, and my sister and my mom.
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"Move over here, turn over here, move this way, we can't see the screen."
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And what they were watching
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was: "One small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind."
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Neil [Armstrong] and Buzz Aldrin were walking on the Moon.
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And I was five years old in Lynchburg, Virginia,
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a skinny black kid in a kind of somewhat racist town.
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And I was trying to figure out what I was going to do with my life.
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And my parents, you know, they were educators,
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they'd said that you can do anything.
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But after that moon landing, all the kids in the neighborhood
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were like, "You're going to be an astronaut?"
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I'm like, "No."
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I don't want a buzz cut, and I don't see someone who looks like me.
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Because representation does matter.
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And I knew that there was a guy
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five blocks down the street on Pierce Street
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who was training to play tennis.
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And it was Arthur Ashe.
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And my dad talked about his character, his discipline,
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his intelligence, his athleticism.
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I wanted to be Arthur Ashe,
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I didn't want to be one of those moon guys.
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And as I went on through this journey,
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my dad, who was a school teacher, he played in a band,
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he did all these things to make money for my sister and I
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to take piano lessons
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and do these different things with education.
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And he one day decides to drive up into the driveway with this bread truck.
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And I'm thinking, "OK, bread truck,
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me delivering bread while my dad's driving the truck."
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I'm like, "OK, I'm going to be a bread guy now."
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But he says, "This is our camper."
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I'm like, "Dude, come one, I can read: 'Merita Bread and Rolls'
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on the side of this truck.
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And he says, "No, we're going to build this into our camper."
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And over that summer, we rewired the entire electrical system.
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We plumbed a propane tank to a Coleman stove,
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we built bunk beds that flip down.
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We were turning this into our summer vacation launch pad, escape pod,
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this thing that could take us out of Lynchburg.
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And before that,
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I was actually raped at five by some neighbors.
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And I didn't tell anyone,
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because I had friends that didn't have fathers.
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And I knew that my father
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would have killed the people that did that to his son.
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And I didn't want my father to be gone.
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So as we got in this bread truck and escaped from Lynchburg,
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it was my time with my dad.
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And we went to the Smoky Mountains
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and looked at the purple mountains' majesty.
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And we walked along the beach in Myrtle Beach,
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and this thing was transformative.
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It showed me what it meant to be an explorer, at a very early age.
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And I suppressed all that negativity,
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all that trauma,
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because I was learning to be an explorer.
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And a little bit later, my mother gave me an age-inappropriate,
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non-OSHA-certified chemistry set,
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(Laughter)
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where I created the most incredible explosion in her living room.
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(Laughter)
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And so I knew I could be a chemist.
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So as I went on this journey through a high school,
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and I went to college,
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and I got a football scholarship to play football in college.
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And I knew that I could be a chemist, because I'd already blown stuff up.
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(Laughter)
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And when I graduated,
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I got drafted to the Detroit Lions.
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But I pulled a hamstring in training camp,
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and so what every former NFL player does, they go work for NASA, right?
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So I went to work for NASA.
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(Laughter)
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And this friend of mine said, "Leland, you'd be great astronaut."
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I just laughed at him, I was like, "Yeah, me, an astronaut?"
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You know that Neil and Buzz thing from back in '69?
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And he handed me an application, and I looked at it,
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and I didn't fill it out.
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And that same year, another friend of mine filled out the application
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and he got in.
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And I said to myself,
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"If NASA's letting knuckleheads like that be astronauts,"
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(Laughter)
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"maybe I can be one, too."
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So the next selection, I filled out the application, and I got in.
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And I didn't know what it meant to be an astronaut:
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the training, the simulations,
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all these things to get you ready for this countdown:
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three, two, one, liftoff.
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And in 2007, I was in Space Shuttle "Atlantis," careening off the planet,
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traveling at 17,500 miles per hour.
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And eight and a half minutes later,
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the main engines cut off, and we're now floating in space.
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And I push off and float over to the window,
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and I can see the Caribbean.
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And I need new definitions of blue to describe the colors that I see.
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Azure, indigo, navy blue, medium navy blue, turquoise
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don't do any justice to what I see with my eyes.
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And my job on this mission was to install
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this two-billion dollar Columbus laboratory.
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It was a research laboratory
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for materials research, for human research.
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And I reached into the payload bay of the space shuttle,
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grabbed out this big module,
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and I used the robotic arm and I attached it to the space station.
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And the European team have been waiting 10 years for this thing to get installed,
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so I'm sure everyone in Europe was like, "Leland! Leland! Leland!"
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(Laughter)
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And so this moment happened, this was our primary mission objective,
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it was done.
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And I had this big sigh of relief.
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But then, Peggy Whitson, the first female commander,
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she invited us over to the Russian segment.
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And the space station's about the size of a football field,
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with solar panel and trusses and all of these modules.
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And she says, "Leland, you go get the rehydrated vegetables,
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we have the meat."
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So we float over with the bag of vegetables, all rehydrated,
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and we get there.
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And there's this moment
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where I get [transported] back to my mother's kitchen.
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You can smell the beef and barley heating up,
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you can smell the food, the colors,
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and there are people there from all around the world.
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It's like a Benetton commercial,
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you know, you have African American, Asian American, French, German, Russian,
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the first female commander,
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breaking bread at 17,500 miles per hour,
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going around the planet every 90 minutes,
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seeing a sunrise and a sunset every 45.
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And Peggy would say, "Hey, Leland, try some of this,"
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and she'd float it over to my mouth,
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and I'd catch it and we'd go back and forth.
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And we're doing all of this while listening to Sade's "Smooth Operator."
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(Laughter)
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I mean, this is like blowing my mind, you know.
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(Laughter)
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And I float over to the window, and I look down at the planet,
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and I see all of humanity.
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And my perspective changes at that moment,
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because, I'm flying over Lynchburg, Virginia, my home town,
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and my family's probably breaking bread.
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And five minutes later, we're flying over Paris,
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where Leo Eyharts is looking down at his parents,
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probably having some wine and cheese,
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and Yuri's looking off to Moscow,
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and they're probably eating borscht or something else.
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But we're all having this moment where we see our respective families
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working together as one civilization,
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at 17,500 miles per hour.
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My perspective shifted cognitively,
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it changed me.
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And when I think about being that little skinny boy,
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from sometimes racist Lynchburg, Virginia,
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I would never have had that perspective
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to think about myself of being an astronaut,
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if my father hadn't taken us on a journey
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in this radical craft that we built with our own two hands.
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When I came home,
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I realized that perspective is something
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that we all get and we all have.
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It's just how far do we open up our blinders
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to see that shift and that change.
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And going back to the space station,
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I think of, you know, Germans and Russians fighting Americans.
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We have these people living and working together.
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White folks, black folks, Russian folks, French folks, you know.
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All these different people coexisting in harmony as one race.
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And I think about the colors that I saw, the design of the modules,
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the way that things fit together,
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the way that it made us a community, our home.
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And so when I look up to space now,
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and I have this newfound perspective
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on the space station going overhead and looking there,
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and then looking back at my community
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and seeing the people that I'm living and working with,
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and coexisting with,
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I think it's something that we all can do now, especially in these times,
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to make sure that we have the right perspective.
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Thank you.
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(Applause)
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Chee Pearlman: If you don't mind, could I just chat with you for a minute,
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because they're going to set up some things here.
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And I get to have you all to myself, OK.
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Leland Melvin: Alright.
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CP: You guys don't get to hear this.
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So I have to tell you
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that in my family, we watch a lot of space movies
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about astronauts and stuff like that.
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I can't tell you why, but we do.
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(Laughter)
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The thing that I wanted to ask you, though,
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is that we were seeing this movie the other day,
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and it was about one of the astronauts, one of your colleagues,
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and before he went up into space,
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they actually wrote an obituary, NASA wrote an obituary for him.
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And I was like, is that normal?
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And is that part of the job?
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Do you think about that peril that you're putting yourself in
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as you go into space?
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LM: Yeah.
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So, I don't remember anyone writing my obituary,
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maybe that was an Apollo-day thing.
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But I do know that in the 135 shuttle flights that we've had,
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the shuttle that I flew on,
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we had two accidents that killed everyone on that mission.
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And we all know the perils and the risks that go along with this,
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but we're doing something that's much bigger than ourselves,
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and helping advance civilization,
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so the risk is worth the reward.
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And we all feel that way when we get into that vehicle
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ans strap into those million pounds of rocket fuel and go up to space.
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CP: Yeah, I've only seen the Hollywood version --
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it looks pretty terrifying, I have to tell you.
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LM: You should go.
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(Laughter)
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CP: Yeah, my husband's told me that a few times.
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(Laughter)
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LM: One-way trip or two-way?
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(Laughter)
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CP: That’s a bit of a debate in our house.
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(Laughter)
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I wanted to, if I may ...
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You did touch on something that was very powerful and difficult,
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which is, you spoke about this incident
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that had happened to you when you were five years old,
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and that you were raped.
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And I just think that for you to be able to say those things,
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you know, on the TED stage,
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to be able to talk about that at all,
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is pretty fearless.
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And I wanted to get a sense from you,
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is that something that you think is important for you to share that now,
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to speak about it?
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LM: It's so important, especially for men, to talk about things that have happened,
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because we've been trained
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and told by our society that we have to be so tough and so hard
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and we can't tell of things that are happening to us.
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But I've had so many men contact me and tell me that,
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"You came through that, you got over that,
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I'm going to get over my alcoholism,"
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and these things that are going on in them,
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because of what happened to them.
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And so we must share these stories, this is part of storytelling,
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to heal us and to make us whole as a community.
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CP: That's wonderful.
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(Applause)
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And you know, quite honestly, you spoke about perspective shift,
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and that is a shift that I think we've been very slow to accept
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and to be able to speak about that, so we thank you for that.
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We thank you for being the amazing astronaut that you are,
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and thank you for coming to the TED stage, Leland.
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LM: Thank you so much, Chee.
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(Applause)
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