Would you sell your kidney for $100,000? | Ada, Ep. 2

翻译人员: Shirley Zhao 校对人员: Bruce Wang

Why is it illegal to sell your organs?

为什么出售自己的器官是违法行为？

I mean, what's the worst that could happen?

我的意思是，出售器官可能 导致的最糟糕的情况是什么？

Why don't you head out? I can handle locking up.

你为什么还不下班？ 我自己能锁门。

Hmph.

嗯。

We close at 5 o’clock, sharp.

我们五点钟关门，很快就到了。

I got it, I got it. You get out there and enjoy the sunshine.

我明白，我明白。你下班去 享受阳光吧。

D-Desmond?

戴斯蒙德，是你吗？

Ada! What are you— do you work here?

艾达！你在这干什么， 你在这里工作吗？

Yeah, I just started. What are you, uh, what are you up to?

是的，我最近才来。你在，呃，你在干什么？

I’m in grad school. I thought you—

我在读研究生。我以为你...

I’m applying this year, assuming I can find the time.

如果我我能抽出时间，我今年会申请。

Ahem! So... how’s your mom?

（清嗓子）你妈妈怎么样？

Um... she’s—

嗯... 她

she’s not doing well actually, she has kidney failure.

她现在不太好，她患了肾衰竭。

Oh, no, I’m so sorry.

哦，不，我很抱歉。

She really was my favorite teacher.

她真的是我最喜欢的老师。

Yeah, she had to quit teaching, actually.

是的，她不得不因此退出教学工作。

Is she— Is she up for visitors?

她... 她可以见访客吗？

Oh, um. You know, she’d love to hear from you,

哦，嗯。你知道， 她很乐意跟你见面，

but she's honestly not well enough for a visit right now.

但说实话，她现在身体状况 还不够健康，无法接待客人。

She needs a kidney transplant to get better at this point.

她需要接受肾脏移植才能好起来。

I would donate to her, but I guess I’m not a match.

我想要捐肾给她，但我猜我无法匹配。

The doctors said her body just wouldn't accept my kidney.

医生说她的身体根本无法接受我的肾脏。

Oh! Um, is there anything I— I mean, can I help?

哦！嗯，有什么我... 我的意思是， 我能帮忙吗？

Oh, gosh.

哦，天哪。

No, actually, I’m just looking for a quiet place to work

不用了，实际上，我只是在 寻找一个安静的工作场所，

while I try to figure out what else we can do.

同时我在试图弄清楚我们还能做什么。

Right, right. Of course.

对，对。当然。

Over there. Shout if you need any help.

在那边。需要帮忙就喊我。

Well, don’t literally shout or— I mean, you can— I won’t say anything.

好吧，不要大喊大叫或者... 我的意思是，其实你可以... 我不会管的。

Oh, uh... okay.

哦，呃... 好吧。

(Reading) “The wait time for a donor kidney is often longer

（阅读）“等待捐赠肾脏到位的时间通常

than a patient can survive on dialysis.

比患者依靠透析存活的时间更长。

There’s a major shortage of donors,

尽管大多数人不需要两个肾脏

even though most people don’t need two kidneys.”

但捐赠者严重短缺。”

Well, I don't know if I would say I don't need two kidneys.

好吧，我不知道我是否会说 我不需要两个肾脏。

Oh. Actually... my life would be...

哦。其实... 我的生活会是...

completely... normal.

完全... 正常。

Wow. I never would have guessed that.

哇。我真没想到。

But still, if Desmond isn’t even a match for his mom,

但是，如果连戴斯蒙德 跟他妈妈都不匹配，

what are the chances I would be?

我的匹配几率有多大？

Oh, not that much lower.

哦，没那么低。

I could have the perfect kidney for Ms. Shepherd.

我可以为谢泼德女士 提供一个完美的肾脏。

So if I did donate,

那么，如果我捐献肾脏，

my medical expenses would be covered, but nothing else?

我的医疗费用将得到报销， 但没有别的什么吗？

I wouldn’t get paid for the time off of work? And— what?!

我不会在休假期间获得工资？ 还有，什么？

I even have to pay to get to and from the hospital?

我还得为住院前后的交通付钱？

I should be getting paid.

我应该得到报酬。

Ahem.

哎哟。

And who should pay you? I'm a high school teacher, remember?

谁应该付钱给你？ 我是一名高中老师，你还记得吗？

Ms. Shepherd! Of course I don’t want you to pay me.

谢泼德女士！我当然不想让你付钱给我。

A lot of people who need kidneys couldn't afford to buy them.

许多需要肾脏的人买不起肾脏。

All right, let’s see who pays.

好吧，让我们看看谁该付款。

(Reading) “US government often spends close to $100,000 per patient

（阅读）“每位患者通常需要美国政府

covering the cost of dialysis.”

花费近10万美元支付透析费用。”

What? That’s more than I make in three years working here.

什么？这比我在这里 工作三年的收入还多。

I wish I could just tell the government: Hey! Time out.

我希望我能告诉政府： 嘿！停一下。

Pay me that money for my kidney instead. Everybody wins!

改用那笔钱来买我的肾脏。双赢！

Someone gets a kidney transplant instead of suffering through dialysis,

有人可以接受肾脏移植手术 而不是在透析过程中受罪，

the government just spends the money they would have anyway, and I...

无论如何政府只是花掉他们原有的钱，而我...

I quit my job and focus on becoming a real scholar.

我辞掉了工作，全身心投入 成为一名真正的学者。

No distractions, no roommates.

没有干扰，没有室友。

Just time and space to work on my own ideas.

只需要时间和空间来实现我自己的想法。

And you, Ms. Shepherd,

而你，谢泼德女士，

your health is so good after your transplant,

移植肾脏后，你的健康状况非常好，

you start volunteering as a firefighter.

你开始当消防志愿者。

I'm not sure about this.

我不确定我能胜任。

Oh, don't sell yourself short.

哦，别小看自己。

No, no. I mean I’m worried that if you can sell your kidney,

不，不。我的意思是，我担心， 如果你能卖掉肾脏，

people who are desperate for the money will feel pressure to take the risk.

那些极度缺钱的人会迫于压力而冒险。

But is it really that different from other ways to earn money?

但这与其他赚钱方式比 真的有那么不同吗？

Lots of common jobs are more dangerous than kidney donation.

许多常见的工作比捐赠肾脏更危险。

And pregnancy has a much higher chance of serious complications,

而且，怀孕出现严重并发症的几率要高得多，

but surrogates can get paid.

但是代孕者可以获得报酬。

And $100,000 is enough money to appeal to lots of people—

10 万美元足以吸引很多人，

not just desperate ones.

不仅仅是绝望的人。

Besides, everyone who donates has to be approved by

此外，所有捐赠者

the Ministry of Transplantation.

都必须获得器官移植部的批准。

The ministry also makes sure all donors get the same treatment:

该部还确保所有捐赠者 得到同样的待遇：

equal pay, equal health care, equal information.

同工同酬、平等的医疗保健、 平等的信息。

Why should we be okay with selling some parts of our bodies, but not others?

为什么我们应该可以出售我们身体的某些 部位，但不能出售其他部位？

Wait wait wait— so we’re treating people’s organs like any other asset now?

等等，等等。所以我们现在像对待其他资产一样对待人的器官？

Now, I don't want my organs to be subject to the same rules as a house or a car.

现在，我不希望我的器官受到 与房屋或汽车相同的规则的限制。

Of course not! We have separate rules for organs.

当然不是！我们对器官有不一样的规则。

It's not like they can be seized to pay a debt or something.

他们不可能被扣押来偿还债务之类的。

I don't think that's enough.

我认为这还不够。

It seems to me that there should be some things we never put a price on.

在我看来，有些东西应该是 我们永远不能定价的。

Maybe, but we put a price on everything in one way or way or another.

也许吧，但我们以一种或 另一种方式为所有事物定价。

I don't think there's anything morally wrong with compensating someone

我认为因某人捐赠可以挽救生命的器官

for donating an organ that will save a life.

而对他加以补偿 在道德上没有任何错误。

My body parts are mine.

我的身体器官属于我自己。

If I want to sell them and live off the proceeds,

如果我想卖掉它们并靠所得款项为生，

why shouldn't I be allowed to?

为什么不允许我这样做？

It gives me complete freedom to work on what I want to,

这样我可以完全自由地做自己想做的事情，

without having to worry about how marketable it is,

而不必担心它的市场有多大，

or spend most of the time doing other things to pay the bills.

或者将大部分时间花在做 其他事情来支付账单上。

And when the kidney money runs out?

那么捐肾的钱用完了呢？

I’d like to sell my liver. Eh, a third of my liver.

我想卖掉我的肝脏。 嗯，我肝脏的三分之一。

It grows back.

它又长回来了。

Ugh! They won’t let me take on the risk of liver donation when I’m under pressure

啊！当我需要笔快钱时，

for quick cash.

他们不会让我承担肝脏捐赠的风险。

But who are they to decide how much risk I’m comfortable taking?

但是他们是谁？ 可以来决定我愿意冒多少风险？

Don’t you think they have to draw the line somewhere?

你不认为他们必须在某个地方划清界限吗？

Presumably you wouldn't want people to sell their hearts

你很可能不希望 人们出售自己的心脏

or anything else that would kill them.

或其他任何会让他们失去生命的东西。

Yeah, but—

是的，但是-

It’s the biggest natural disaster in decades.

这是数十年来最大的自然灾害。

People need blood transfusions.

人们需要输血。

They need organ transplants.

他们需要器官移植。

But government resources are suddenly stretched way too thin to pay donors.

但是政府的资源突然变得非常紧张， 无法向捐助者付款。

Nobody wants to volunteer to donate what they’re used to being paid for.

没有人愿意自愿捐出 他们过去获得的报酬。

Only people with injured loved ones are willing to donate.

只有亲人受伤的人才愿意捐款。

When they’re not a match, they find people in similar situations to swap with.

当他们的器官不匹配时，他们会找到 处境相似的人来交换。

Hang on. That could actually work.

等一下。这可能奏效。

Desmond? Uh, sorry to interrupt you.

戴斯蒙德？呃，很抱歉打断你。

I don’t want to intrude,

我不想打扰，

but did you know you can donate your kidney to a stranger,

但你知道你可以 把肾脏捐给一个陌生人

in exchange for someone else to donate to your mom?

以换取别人捐 给你妈妈吗？

What? No, I didn’t— say that again!

什么？不，我不清楚 —— 再说一遍！

Oh, you can go directly through one of the registries that pairs people.

哦，你可以直接联系其中一个 帮人配对的注册机构。

Here, I made a list.

这里，我列了一个清单。

Ada, I don’t know what to— thank you.

艾达，我不知道该怎么... 谢谢。

I mean, really, thank you so much.

我的意思是，真的，非常感谢。

Uh, tell your mom I said hi.

呃，帮我向你妈妈问好。

Oh, I will. See you around!

哦，我会的。再见！

(Ms. Shepherd’s voice) I wish Desmond didn’t have to make this sacrifice for me.

（谢泼德女士的声音）我希望戴斯蒙德 不必为我做出这样的牺牲。

Yeah, we do place an unfair burden on patient’s families.

是的，我们确实给患者家属 带来了不公平的负担。

We’re worried about people donating out of desperation for money,

我们担心人们 出于绝望而捐献器官，

but what about the people who are already donating out of desperation

但是那些已经出于绝望而捐款器官

to save their loved ones lives?

以挽救亲人生命的人呢？

How could we treat kidney donors more like firefighters?

我们怎样才能像对待消防员一样 对待肾脏捐赠者？

Firefighters get paid to risk their bodies for the benefit of others,

消防员为了他人的利益冒着 身体风险获得报酬，

and nobody has a problem with that.

没有人对此有任何疑问。

We celebrate them.

我们为他们喝彩。

Maybe instead of being paid cash, kidney donors can get other benefits.

也许肾脏捐赠者可以获得其他福利， 而不是获得现金。

Subsidize education, free health insurance, public praise.

他们可以获得教育补贴， 免费健康保险，公众的称赞。

That way, we could compensate donors and encourage altruism at the same time.

这样，我们就可以补偿捐助者， 同时鼓励利他主义。

But changing the system is really hard, and takes years.

但是改变系统确实很难， 而且需要数年时间。

In the meantime, can’t you spare a kidney?

同时，你不能捐出一颗肾脏吗？

Aren’t you always wishing you could do something meaningful?

你不是一直希望自己能 做一些有意义的事情吗？

Well, you could save someone’s life.

好吧，你可以挽救某人的生命。

But, I just, I don’t know.

但是，我只是，不知道。

Even though rationally, I know the risks are small for someone like me,

尽管理性地说，我知道对于像我这样的人来说，风险很小，

there’s still some risk.

但仍然存在一些风险。

I know, I know.

我知道，我知道。

We all take risks every day without even thinking about it.

我们每天都不加思索地冒险。

But, ugh—

但是，呃-

Ada, what are you still doing here? Why is the door still unlocked?

艾达，你还在这里干什么？ 为什么门还没锁？

Uh—

呃-

No, don’t answer. Just go.

不，不要回答。走吧。

I guess I’ll see you later, then?

那我想我待会儿见？