Coneheads, egg stacks and anteater attacks: The reign of a termite queen - Barbara L. Thorne

400,327 views

2022-08-25 ใƒป TED-Ed


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Coneheads, egg stacks and anteater attacks: The reign of a termite queen - Barbara L. Thorne

400,327 views ใƒป 2022-08-25

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: &๋นˆ ์Šˆ์Šˆ์Šˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:07
Tens of thousands of conehead termites are swarming in the Panamanian air.
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ํŒŒ๋‚˜๋งˆ์—์„œ ์ฝ˜ํ—ค๋“œ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋–ผ์ง€์–ด ๋‚ ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:11
These 4 young hopefuls are braveโ€” oh...
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ํฌ๋ง์— ์ฐฌ ์ด ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋“ค ๋„ค ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”, ์–ด๋ผ...
00:15
I guess 3. Oh, wow, 2 in 1. Okay!
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์„ธ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ตฐ์š”. ์ด๋Ÿฐ, ๋‘˜, ์•„๋‹ˆ, ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ตฐ์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”!
00:19
This single determined termite is braving countless threats
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์ด ๊ฐ•์ธํ•œ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋Š” ์…€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๋ฌด๋ฆ…์“ฐ๊ณ 
00:23
to participate in the only flight of her lifetime.
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์ƒ์—์„œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋น„ํ–‰์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
She evades the onslaught of predators even as she lands, flips off her wings,
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๋‚ด๋ ค์•‰์•„์„œ๋„ ํฌ์‹์ž๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‚ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋–ผ์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ ,
00:30
secretes pheromones, and attracts a mate.
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ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ชฌ์„ ๋ถ„๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
The pair dash from the danger zone into a rotting tree stump.
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๋‘˜์€ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ณณ์„ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์™€ ์ฉ์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃจํ„ฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ธ‰ํžˆ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Itโ€™s the perfect first homeโ€” but theyโ€™re not alone.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์ฒซ ์ง‘์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
Unlike most termite species,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ ์ข…๋“ค๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ,
00:41
conehead termite colonies can have multiple queens and kings.
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์ฝ˜ํ—ค๋“œ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์™•๊ณผ ์™•์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฟ ๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
The pair is joined by several other termites ready to reproduce.
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์ด ์Œ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋“ค ๋ช‡๋ช‡์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์‹ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
Together, they excavate a chamber in the stump,
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๋‹ค ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃจํ„ฐ๊ธฐ ์†์„ ํŒŒ์„œ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
seal the entrance and get busy.
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์ถœ์ž…๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง‰๊ณ , ๋ฐ”๋น ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ฃ .
00:54
When the resulting offspring hatch, they bear little resemblance to their parents;
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๋ถ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ฎ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
theyโ€™re smaller, wingless, eyeless, and sterile.
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๋” ์ž‘๊ณ , ๋‚ ๊ฐœ๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ๋ˆˆ๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ์ƒ์‹ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ์—†์ฃ .
01:01
Some of them, the soldiers,
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๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋กœ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€
01:03
have the speciesโ€™ trademark conspicuously shaped headsโ€”
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ข…์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ธ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
the function of which will soon be revealed.
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์ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์€ ๊ณง ๋ฐํ˜€์งˆ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
They set out to scout for dead wood, laying the pheromone trails
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŽ˜๋กœ๋ชฌ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์„œ ์ฃฝ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋‚˜์„ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
the rest of the offspring, the colonyโ€™s workers,
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ผ๊พผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
01:16
follow and reinforce as they retrieve food.
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๋’ค๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€์„œ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
As the termites collect and decompose plant debris,
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ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋“ค์ด ์‹๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ–๋ฉด,
01:22
they return essential nutrients to the soil,
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๋‚˜๋ฌด ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ํ† ์–‘์— ๊ผญ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์–‘๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ณ ,
01:25
allowing more vegetation to thrive.
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์ดˆ๋ชฉ๋“ค์ด ๋”์šฑ ์ž˜ ์ž๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์ฃ .
01:27
Gradually, worker termites expand the colony's central chamber
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์„œ์„œํžˆ, ์ผ๊พผ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋“ค์€ ๋‘ฅ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋„“ํžˆ๊ณ 
01:32
as they groom and feed the royals and the upcoming broods.
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์™•์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ๊ณ  ๋จน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
The tiniest termites canโ€™t yet eat wood independently.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋Š” ์•„์ง ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์†Œํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
So, the workers process it and gift it to the youngsters through their saliva
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์€ ์†Œํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ํƒ€์•ก์— ์„ž์–ด์„œ
01:43
and by basically throwing up into their mouths.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž…์— ๋„ฃ์–ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
With the workers managing groceries, construction, and child care,
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์‹๋ฃŒํ’ˆ, ๊ฑด์„ค, ์œก์•„๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์–ด
01:50
the royals fully commit themselves to reproduction.
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์™•์กฑ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ์‹ ํ™œ๋™์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ „๋…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
01:53
The kings provide sperm on an as-needed basis,
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์™•๋“ค์€ ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ •์ž๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ,
01:55
and the queens undergo radical transformations.
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์—ฌ์™•๋“ค์€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
Their abdomens develop efficient egg-laying machinery
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๋ณต๋ถ€๋Š” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ์‚ฐ๋ž€ ์กฐ์ง์ด ๋˜๊ณ 
02:01
and extend dramatically.
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๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธธ์ญ‰ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
Each queen may produce hundreds of eggs a day.
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์—ฌ์™•์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์•Œ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ์”ฉ ๋‚ณ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
Meanwhile, a worker entourage retrieves and neatly stacks them into piles.
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ํ•œํŽธ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ ์œ ๋ชจ๋“ค์€ ์•Œ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์•„์„œ ๊น”๋”ํžˆ ์Œ“์•„๋‘์ฃ .
02:11
The colony grows quickly.
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๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
And once its population is big enough,
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๊ฐœ์ฒด์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด
02:14
workers construct a system of tunnels stretching over 100 meters across terrain,
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์ผ๊พผ๋“ค์€ ๋“คํŒ์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฑ ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ตด์„ ํŒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
along fallen logs, and up into tree crowns.
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์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์–ด์ง€์ฃ .
02:23
These tunnels shelter the termites as they travel to and from food sites
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์ด ํ„ฐ๋„๋“ค์€ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์˜ค๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ„์† ์ง€์ผœ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
around the clock.
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02:27
And eventually, they build a distinctive central nest.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์ฃผ ๋‘ฅ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Using partially digested plant material, soil, and poop,
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๋ฐ˜์ฏค ์†Œํ™”ํ•œ ์‹๋ฌผ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ™๊ณผ ๋˜ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด
02:34
they construct a massive egg-shaped structure,
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•Œ ๋ชจ์–‘ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์›๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
complete with numerous passages, chambers, and ventilation holes.
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ํ†ต๋กœ์™€ ๋ฐฉ, ํ™˜๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:41
Deep within, they establish a royal cell that's fortified with extra thick walls.
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๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์— ์™•์กฑ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฒฝ์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๋” ๋‘๊ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Itโ€™s not long before this architectural marvel attracts an admirer: an anteater.
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์ด ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์  ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์›€์€ ๊ณง ์ด๋ฅผ ํ ๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ํŒฌ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฏธํ•ฅ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
02:51
She swipes at the nest and pokes her long tongue in.
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๊ฐœ๋ฏธํ•ฅ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‘ฅ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธ์–ด๋‚ด๊ณ  ๊ธด ํ˜€๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
Those trapped in the tongueโ€™s spines and sticky saliva
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๊ฐ€์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜€์™€ ๋ˆ์ ํ•œ ์นจ์— ๋ถ™์žกํžˆ๋ฉด ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์ฃ .
02:58
are whisked off to their deaths.
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03:00
But the termite soldiers launch a counterattack.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ ๋ณ‘์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์—ญ์Šต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
Theyโ€™re tiny and blind but their heads function like squirt guns.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž‘๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
They secure the anteaterโ€™s position using chemical signals,
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ํ™”ํ•™์  ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฏธํ•ฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋”” ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ณ 
03:08
clench their powerful muscles and shoot a sticky spray from their heads.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ทผ์œก์„ ์ฅ์–ด์งœ์„œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋ˆ์ ํ•œ ์•ก์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
After a minute, the anteater stops feeding,
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๊ณง๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฏธํ•ฅ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ 
03:15
scratches the goo away, and lopes off.
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๋ˆ์ ์ด๋Š” ์•ก์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ธ์–ด๋‚ด๋ฉฐ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋œน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
The nest sustained some damage, but the royals remain undisturbed,
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๋‘ฅ์ง€๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์™•์กฑ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉ€์ฉกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
pumping out eggs into their reinforced fortress.
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ํŠผํŠผํ•œ ์š”์ƒˆ์—์„œ ์•Œ์„ ๋‚ณ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:24
As the colony matures, some of the young develop into reproductives.
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๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Most fly off to establish new coloniesโ€” one lands on a fallen tree,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋– ๋‚˜์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‘ฅ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์ง„ ๋‚˜๋ฌด์— ๋‚ด๋ ค์•‰๊ณ 
03:32
another scrambles into a crack in a house,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ง‘์˜ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ์ง„ ํ‹ˆ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์–ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ ,
03:35
and another climbs into a shipping crate.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šด์†ก์šฉ ์ƒ์ž ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์–ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
But some will simply saunter to sites nearby
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ๊ทธ์ € ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์–ด๊ฐ€
03:39
and become the monarchs of the colonyโ€™s satellite nests.
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์›๋ž˜ ๋‘ฅ์ง€ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋‘ฅ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์™•์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
With one of the longest insect lifespans,
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๊ณค์ถฉ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜๋ช…์ด ๊ธด
03:45
a termite queenโ€™s reign can last more than 20 years.
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ํฐ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ ์—ฌ์™•์˜ ํ†ต์น˜๋Š” 20๋…„์ด ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์†๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
The original queens and kings eventually die, but by the time they go,
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์›๋ž˜ ์—ฌ์™•๊ณผ ์™•์€ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์ง€๋งŒ,
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ์„ ๋•Œ์ฏค์—๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์ž‘์€ ๋‘ฅ์ง€๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์™•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
several satellite nests are already thriving.
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03:55
Their reproductive offspring inherit the throne,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ›„์†์ด ์™•์ขŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›๋Š”๋ฐ
03:58
meaning that their colony may persist for decades to come.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‘ฅ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†ํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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