The science of macaroni salad: What's in a molecule? - Josh Kurz

311,053 views ・ 2013-08-16

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Jungmin Naomi Lee κ²€ν† : 민석 졜
00:07
We already know that the world is made of things,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이미 세상이 "물질"둜 이루어져 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ••λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:09
things like cats
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, κ³ μ–‘μ΄λΌλ˜κ°€
00:11
and macaroni salad,
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λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œ 같은 κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
00:12
and macaroni salad is made of things
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그리고 λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œ λ˜ν•œ
00:14
like mayo
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λ§ˆμš”λ„€μ¦ˆ,
00:15
and mustard
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겨자,
00:16
and celery,
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00:16
which are all made of molecules.
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그리고 μƒλŸ¬λ¦¬κ°™μ€ λ¬Όμ§ˆλ“€λ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
이듀은 λͺ¨λ‘ λΆ„μžλ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμ§€μš”.
00:18
As we'll see, these molecules
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ“―μ΄, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λΆ„μžλ“€μ€
00:20
are made of the same stuff,
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같은 κ²ƒλ“€λ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
just mixed together in different ways.
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단지 λ‹€λ₯΄κ²Œ ν˜Όν•©λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ„ λΏμ΄μ§€μš”.
00:23
Let's go back to our macaroni salad.
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λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λ‘œ λ‹€μ‹œ λŒμ•„κ°€ λ³ΌκΉŒμš”?
00:25
We've already unmixed things physically
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사싀 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이미 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ
00:27
as much as we can.
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λ¬Όμ§ˆλ“€μ„ 물리적으둜 λΆ„ν•΄ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
Now, we'll go further and unmix things chemically
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μ΄μ œλŠ” 더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€, λΆ„μžμ˜ 결합을 λŠμ–΄μ„œ
00:30
by breaking some bonds.
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ν™”ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„ν•΄ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
00:32
Many larger, complex molecules
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 크고 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ λΆ„μžλ“€μ€
00:33
are just a bunch of smaller molecules bonded together
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건물의 블둝과 같이, μ„œλ‘œ 엉겨 λΆ™μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”
00:36
like building blocks.
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μ—¬λŸ¬ 개의 μž‘μ€ λΆ„μžλ“€λ‘œ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:37
Here, again, macaroni salad provides a nice example.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œλ„ λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œλŠ” 쒋은 μ˜ˆκ°€ λ˜λ„€μš”.
00:40
If you look at the pasta,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ΄ νŒŒμŠ€νƒ€λ₯Ό 보면,
00:41
you'll notice it's made of a lot of this stuff,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ "이 것"으둜 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:43
starch,
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λ°”λ‘œ λ…Ήλ§μ΄μ§€μš”.
00:44
which is this molecule,
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녹말이 λ°”λ‘œ 이런 λΆ„μžμΈμ œ
00:45
otherwise known as amylose.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 말둜 "μ•„λ°€λ‘œμŠ€"라고 μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
Turns out, if you break some bonds,
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μ•„λ°€λ‘œμŠ€μ˜ 결합을 κΉ¨λ©΄
00:48
amylose is made up of smaller molecules
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κΈ€λ£¨μ½”μŠ€λΌλŠ” 더 μž‘μ€ λΆ„μžλ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
00:51
of glucose, a simple sugar.
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κΈ€λ£¨μ½”μŠ€λŠ” λ‹¨λ‹Ήμ΄μ§€μš”.
00:53
If you take a bunch of these same glucose molecules
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λ§Œμ•½ 수 λ§Žμ€ κΈ€λ£¨μ½”μŠ€ λΆ„μžλ₯Ό
00:56
and rearrange them in a different way,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μž¬λ°°μ—΄ν•˜λ©΄,
00:57
you get cellulose,
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μ‹λ¬Όμ˜ ꡬ성 μš”μ†ŒμΈ
00:59
which is what plants are made of.
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μ„¬μœ μ†Œλ₯Ό μ–»κ²Œ λ˜μš”.
01:01
So, while this piece of pasta made of amylose
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ•„λ°€λ‘œμŠ€λ‘œ 이루어진 νŒŒμŠ€νƒ€μ™€
01:03
and this wooden spoon made of cellulose
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이 μ„¬μœ μ†Œλ‘œ 이루어진 λ‚˜λ¬΄ μˆŸκ°€λ½μ€
01:06
look vastly different,
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많이 달라 λ³΄μ΄μ§€λ§Œ,
01:07
they're both essentially made of the same molecules,
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근본적으둜 λ‘˜ λ‹€ 같은 λΆ„μžλ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
01:09
just stuck together differently.
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단지 쑰합이 λ‹€λ₯Ό λΏμ΄μ§€μš”.
01:11
This type of breaking apart and recombining
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 뢄해와 μž¬μ‘°λ¦½μ€
01:13
is what goes on when you digest food.
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μ†Œν™” κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” ν˜„μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
The complex proteins found in the foods we eat,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ¨ΉλŠ” λ‹Ήκ·Όκ³Ό 달걀과 같은 μŒμ‹μ—μ„œ 찾을 수 μžˆλŠ”
01:18
like carrots and eggs,
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볡합 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ€
01:19
can't be used by our bodies
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우리 λͺΈμ— 쓰일 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
because we are not carrots or chickens.
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‹Ήκ·Όμ΄λ‚˜ 닭이 μ•„λ‹ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—μš”.
01:23
What we can use are the smaller molecules
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 것은
01:25
that make up these proteins,
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볡합 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ„ 이루고 μžˆλŠ” 더 μž‘μ€ λΆ„μžμΈ
01:27
the amino acids.
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μ•„λ―Έλ…Έμ‚°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
During digestion, our bodies break these proteins up
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μ†Œν™” κ³Όμ •λ™μ•ˆ, 우리의 λͺΈμ€ 이 볡합 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ„
01:31
into their amino acids
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μ•„λ―Έλ…Έμ‚°μœΌλ‘œ λΆ„ν•΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:32
so they can be rearranged and put back together
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그리고 그것이 μž¬λ°°μ—΄λ˜κ³  λ‹€μ‹œ κ²°ν•©λ˜μ§€μš”.
01:34
to make human proteins.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ λ§μ΄μ§€μš”.
01:36
But let's keep breaking bonds.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆ„ν•΄ 과정은 μž μ‹œ 보λ₯˜ν•˜κΈ°λ‘œ ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
01:37
All molecules are made up of atoms bonded together.
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λͺ¨λ“  λΆ„μžλ“€μ€ μ›μžλ“€μ˜ κ²°ν•©μœΌλ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
01:40
If some molecules are building blocks,
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λΆ„μžλ“€μ΄ ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œ 라면,
01:42
atoms are the building blocks
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μ›μžλ“€μ€ ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œμ˜
01:44
of the building blocks.
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ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œμ˜ˆμš”.
01:45
And you'll notice that with the molecules
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그리고 λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œμ˜ λΆ„μžλ“€μ—μ„œ
01:47
from macaroni salad,
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같은 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜
01:48
the same six types of atoms keep showing up:
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여섯가지 μ›μžκ°€ 계속 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
01:51
carbon,
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νƒ„μ†Œ,
01:52
hydrogen,
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μˆ˜μ†Œ,
01:53
oxygen,
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01:53
nitrogen,
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μ‚°μ†Œ,
μ§ˆμ†Œ,
01:54
phosphorus,
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인,
01:55
and sulfur,
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그리고 ν™©μ΄μ§€μš”.
01:56
or CHONPS.
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μ΄λ¦„ν•˜μ—¬, CHONPS!! (각 μ˜λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ 첫번째 μ•ŒνŒŒλ²³μ„ λ”°μ„œ λ§Œλ“  뜻 μ—†λŠ” 단어)
01:57
There's a few others,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ›μžλ“€λ„ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
01:59
but the big six is what macaroni salad is made of.
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이 μ—¬μ„― 개의 μ›μžλ“€μ΄ λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œμ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ„ κ΅¬μ„±ν•΄μš”.
02:02
If we went a step further,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•œ 단계 더 λ‚˜μ•„κ°€λ©΄,
02:04
we could use these same atoms,
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같은 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ›μžλ₯Ό
02:05
recombine them,
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μž¬μ‘°λ¦½ν•΄
02:06
and make other stuff
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
02:08
like gasoline
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이λ₯Ό ν…Œλ©΄ κ°€μ†”λ¦°μ΄λ‚˜
02:09
or sulfuric acid,
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ν™©μ‚°,
02:10
methane,
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메탄,
02:11
and nylon.
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그리고 λ‚˜μΌλ‘ μ΄ μžˆμ§€μš”.
02:12
It's all made from the same elements
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이듀 λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œλ₯Ό κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 것과
02:14
that make up macaroni salad.
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같은 μš”μ†Œλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ 진 κ²ƒμ΄μ—μš”.
02:15
So, to recap,
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μš”μ•½ν•˜μžλ©΄,
02:17
everything is made of atoms.
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λͺ¨λ“  것은 μ›μžλ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
02:19
They are the stuff that things are made of.
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κ·Έ μ›μžλŠ” λͺ¨λ“  물질의 ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œμ΄μ§€μš”.
02:22
Atoms are grouped together in different ways
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μ›μžλŠ” λΆ„μžλ₯Ό 이루기 μœ„ν•΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ
02:23
to form molecules.
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κ²°ν•©λ˜κ΅¬μš”.
02:24
These molecules are constantly being combined,
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이 λΆ„μžλ“€μ€ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ κ²°ν•©λ˜κ³ ,
02:27
broken apart,
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λΆ„ν•΄λ˜λ©°,
02:28
and recombined.
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μž¬κ²°ν•© λΌμš”.
02:29
They get thrown into mixtures,
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λΆ„μžλŠ” ν˜Όν•©λ¬Όμ— νˆ¬μž…λ˜κ³ 
02:30
separated,
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λΆ„ν•΄λ˜μ–΄
02:31
remixed
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λ‹€μ‹œ μ„žμ΄λŠ” 과정을
02:32
over and over and over again.
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계속 λ˜ν’€μ΄ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
The stuff that things are made of
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물질의 ꡬ성 μš”μ†Œλ“€μ€
02:35
is always in flux;
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항상 μœ λ™μ μΈ μƒνƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
it's always changing.
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즉, λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό λ©ˆμΆ”μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”.
02:39
Macaroni salad is only macaroni salad for a short time.
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λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œμ˜ μ‘΄μž¬λŠ” μž μ‹œμΌ λΏμ΄μ—μš”.
02:42
You eat it,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ„­μ·¨ν•˜κ²Œ 되면
02:43
some of it becomes part of you,
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μΌλΆ€λŠ” λͺΈμ— 흑수되고
02:44
the rest eventually goes into the ocean
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λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€λŠ” λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄ λ°”λ‹€λ‘œ κ°€κ²Œ 되고
02:46
and gets eaten by other animals that die,
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λ‚˜μ€‘μ— 죽게 될 λ‹€λ₯Έ λ™λ¬Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ¨Ήνž™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
and after millions of years, they turn into oil,
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그리고 λͺ‡ λ°±λ§Œλ…„ ν›„μ—λŠ” 이듀이
02:50
which is where gasoline comes from.
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κ°€μ†”λ¦°μ˜ μ›μ²œμ΄ λ˜λŠ” μ„μœ λ‘œ λ³€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
And that's why gasoline and macaroni salad
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이 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 가솔린과 λ§ˆμΉ΄λ‘œλ‹ˆ μƒλŸ¬λ“œλŠ”
02:54
are not that different -
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그닀지 λ‹€λ₯΄μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”.
02:56
they're both made of the same stuff,
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λ‘˜ λ‹€ 같은 μ›μžλ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
02:57
just one tastes better.
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λ‹€λ§Œ κ·Έ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ 더 λ§›μžˆμ„ 뿐.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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