How to Understand Native English Speakers - Improve English Listening

英语听力 - 怎样理解英语是母语的人说的

Hi, I’m Gina.

嗨，我是Gina。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

欢迎来到 Oxford Online English!

In this lesson, you can learn how to understand native speakers in English.

在本课程中，您可以学习如何理解 英语是母语的人士说的。

Many English learners find it difficult to understand native speakers, even after years

很多英语学习者发现即使在学习很多年后， 也很难理解

of study.

母语人士说的。

This can be frustrating and demotivating!

这可能令人沮丧并失去动力！

However, there are some simple things you can do to improve your English listening and

但是，有一些简单的事情 可以提高您的英文听力并

make it easier to understand native English speakers.

把理解母语人士所说的 变得更容易。

In this lesson, you’ll see five simple tips you can use to understand native English speakers

在本课程中，您会看到五个简单的提示， 可以帮您更容易地理解母语

more easily.

人士所说的。

Look at this sentence:

看看这句话：

I am from France.

我来自法国。

Imagine you’re talking to someone.

想像一下，您正在和某人说话。

How would you say it?

您会怎么说呢？

Would you say this sentence with the contraction?

您会简缩这句话吗？

I’m from France.

I’m from France。

Or would you say the full form?

或者您会说完整的形式？

I am from France.

I am from France。

Now, think about these sentences:

现在，想像这些句子：

He has already told me.

他已经告诉我了。

I would like to see that film.

我想看看那部电影。

They will not be here until tomorrow.

知道明天他们才会在这里。

All of these sentences can be contracted.

所有这些句子都可以简缩。

Can you see how?

您能看看怎样做吗？

He’s already told me.

他已经告诉我了。

I’d like to see that film.

我想看那部电影。

They won’t be here until tomorrow.

知道明天他们才会在这里。

Would you pronounce the contractions, or not?

您会简缩的发音吗？

Think about it, and be honest—it’s not a test!

想一下，说实话 -这不是 一个测试！

Here’s the problem:

这是问题所在：

Many English learners don’t use enough contractions when they speak.

很多英语学习者在他们说话的时候， 没有用足够的简缩形式。

They use the full form, for example he has instead of he’s.

他们用完整的形式，例如he has 取代了he’s。

If you don’t use contractions when you speak, it will be difficult to understand them when

如果您说话时不用简缩， 在您听的时候就很难

you’re listening.

理解他们。

Why is this a problem?

为什么这是一个问题？

Native speakers almost always use contractions when they’re speaking.

当母语人士说话时， 几乎总是用简缩形式。

If you find it difficult to understand contractions, you’ll always have problems when you’re

如果您发现很难理解简缩，当您想 了解母语人士所说的时候，

trying to understand native speakers.

您总是会遇到问题。

So what’s the solution?

那么解决办法是什么？

Very simple: use contractions more in your speech.

非常简单：您说话时用更多的简缩。

To do this, choose a simple topic—for example, your family—and record yourself speaking

为此，请选择一个简单的主题 - 例如， 您的家庭 - 并记录一分钟

for one minute.

自己说的。

Listen to the recording and try to find any places where you could have used contractions,

听录音并试着找到任何 您可以用简缩但

but didn’t.

又没有用的地方。

Then, repeat the exercise, and try to use more contractions.

然后，重复练习，并试着用 更多的简缩。

Then, try again with a different topic.

然后，再试一下不同的主题。

If you use contractions yourself, it’ll become easier to understand them.

如果您自己用简缩，理解英语是母语的人士 所说的就会变得更容易。

Here’s a simple question in English which is often difficult for English learners to

这是一个英语学习者 通常很难理解的

understand:

简单的英语问题：

What are you doing Why do so many people find it difficult to

What are you doing Why do so many people find it difficult to

hear this question correctly?

hear this question correctly?

Let’s look.

我们看看吧。

First of all, the letter ‘t’ in the word what is usually not pronounced.

首先，单词中的字母't' 通常不发音。

It changes to a /d/ sound, or it’s reduced to a glottal ‘stop’ ‘t’.

他变为一个 / d /音，或者他降低 成一个声门'塞音''t'。

Secondly, the word are is not pronounced /ɑː/.

其次，/ɑː/不发音。

It doesn’t rhyme with ‘car’ or ‘far’.

它不和"car"或"far"押韵。

It changes to a very short sound: /ə/.

它变成了一个非常短的音：/ə/。

Next, the word you is not pronounced /jʊː/.

接下来，您不用发/jʊː/音。

It doesn’t rhyme with ‘too’ or ‘do’.

它不和'too'或'do'押韵。

It also becomes a very short sound: /jə/.

他也变成了一个非常短的音：/jə/。

Finally, the words are not pronounced with spaces in between.

最后，两者之间有空格的单词不发音。

The whole question is pronounced like one long word.

整个问题的发音像是一个 长的单词。

So, the question which is written:

那么，写的问题是：

What are you doing?

What are you doing?

Sounds like:

听起来很像：

Whaddayadoing?

Whaddayadoing？

Of course, if you think are should be pronounced /ɑː/, and you should be pronounced /jʊː/,

当然，如果您认为/ɑː/应该发音， 您应该发/jʊː/音，

and so on, you’ll expect to hear:

等等，您会听到：

What are you doing?

What are you doing?

And of course, you probably won’t understand the natural pronunciation:

当然，您可能不会理解 自然发音：

Whaddayadoing?

Whaddayadoing？

What can you do about this?

关于这个，您能做什么？

Here are two suggestions:

这有两个建议：

One: learn about weak forms.

一：学习弱音形式。

Weak forms are words which have a different pronunciation in a sentence.

弱音形式是单词在一个句子里 有一个不同的发音。

Learning about weak forms can show you that there is some logic to English pronunciation,

学习弱音形式可以告诉您 英文发音是有一些逻辑的，

even though you might not think so!

即使您可能不这么想！

Two: pay attention to how people speak.

二：注意人们如何说话。

Don’t think about what you read in your English textbook.

不要考虑您在您的英语 课本里读到的内容。

Listen to how people pronounce words and sentences in real life.

听听在真实生活中 人们如何读单词和句子。

You’ll realize that there’s a big difference between textbook English and natural English.

您会意识到课本里的英语和自然英语 之间有很大的区别。

Another good exercise here is dictation: choose something to listen to, like a podcast or

这里另一个好的练习是听写：选择 要听的又不太难的内容，如podcast或

a YouTube video, which is not too difficult.

YouTube视频。

Listen to one minute, and try to write down everything you hear.

听一分钟，试着写下 您听到的所有东西。

Pause as often as you need to.

根据需要随时暂停。

This way, you can train yourself to follow native English speech.

这样，您可以训练自己跟随 母语人士的讲话。

Look at a question with a word missing.

看一个缺少单词的问题。

What’s the missing word?

什么是遗漏的单词？

________ you ready?

________you ready？

If you’re an average English student, you said that the missing word is are.

如果您是普通英语程度的学生， 您会说漏掉的单词“are”。

That’s the correct answer, but it’s also not the best answer.

这是正确的答案，但它 不是最好的答案。

What?

什么？

How can the correct answer not be the best answer?

正确答案怎么会不是最好的回答？

What are we talking about?

我们在说什么啊？

Actually, the best answer is that there are no words missing.

实际上，最好的答案是 没有单词遗漏。

You can just say,

您可以说，

You ready?

You ready?

In spoken English, you don’t need to say are.

英语口语，您不需要说 “are”。

In fact, you can make the question even shorter and just say,

事实上，您可以让问题更短， 然后说，

Ready?

Ready?

Native speakers very often leave out words like this.

母语人士常会这样漏掉单词。

Again, if you’re expecting to hear a full question, these shorter questions can be confusing.

再说一遍，如果您期待听到一个完整的 问题，这些较短的问题可能会令人困惑。

So when can you leave words out like this?

所以当您可以这样漏词说话？

In yes/no questions which have the word you, it’s often possible to make the question

您就不会认为少单词是个问题， 通常可以让问题

shorter.

更短。

For example:

例如：

Have you finished?

Have you finished?

Are you going?

Are you going?

Do you want to come?

Do you want to come?

All of these questions can be shortened:

所有这些问题都可以简缩：

You finished? or Finished?

You finished? or Finished?

You going? or Going?

You going? or Going?

You want to come? or Want to come?

You want to come? or Want to come?

So, what should you do?

那您要怎么办？

Try to use these shortened questions when you speak.

当您说话时，试着使用这些简短的问题。

Like all of this advice, you need to use it yourself.

像所有的这些建议一样，您要自己用它。

If you use it when you speak, it’ll be easier for you to understand others who speak in

如果您说话时用它，理解其他 用这种方式说话的人

this way.

会更容易。

Remember that native speakers very often shorten questions like this.

请记住，母语人士大多时候会简缩 类似这样的问题。

Here’s a question:

这是一个问题：

Do you need to understand every word to understand what someone is saying?

您要理解每一个单词才能明白 某人在说什么吗？

What do you think?

您怎么看？

Very often, English learners focus on the parts they don’t understand.

大多时候，英语学习者专注于 他们不理解的部分。

That’s natural, but it’s not always helpful.

这很自然，但并非总是有用。

To answer our question: no, you do not need to hear and understand every word to understand

回答我们的问题：不，您不用 听并理解每一个单词来明白

someone’s message.

某人的信息。

Imagine that you are in the kitchen with your friend, who is cooking something.

想像一下，您和您的朋友一起在厨房里， 您的朋友正在做饭。

Your friend asks you a question, and you hear:

您的朋友问您一个问题，您听到了：

Can you (mumble mumble)?

您能（嘟咙）吗？

Okay, so you didn’t hear or understand the full question.

好的，所以您没有听到或理解 完整的问题。

But that’s often not a problem.

但这通常不是问题。

First of all, you heard the words can you.

首先，您听到了这些话。

So you know that your friend wants you to do something.

所以您知道您的朋友想要您 做一点事。

Secondly, you’re in the kitchen, cooking.

其次，你们在厨房做饭。

Whatever your friend wants, it’s almost certainly connected to that.

无论您的朋友想要什么，他几乎都是 肯定与此有关。

Probably, your friend needs you to help with something, or give them something.

可能，您的朋友需要您帮忙 什么，或要一些东西。

By using the context, you can often understand someone without hearing every word.

经由上下文，您通常可以理解 有些人没有听到的每一个字。

But, but, but, you say, that’s not really understanding native speakers!

但是，但是，但是，您说，那不是真的 了解母语人士！

I want to understand native speakers, not guess what they mean.

我想理解母语人士说的，而不是 猜他们的意思。

Actually, native speakers do this too.

实际上，母语人士也这样做。

You probably do it in your own language, so there’s no reason not to do it in English.

您可能用自己的语言来做，所以 没有理由不用英语做。

Don’t think: “I don’t know the word, so I can’t understand the sentence.”

不要想：“我不知道这个词， 所以我无法理解这句话。“

It’s not true.

这不是真的。

And, if none of this works, use another simple trick: ask!

并且，如果这些都不起作用，请使用另一个简单的 诀窍：问！

Ask the person, “What did you say?” or, “Can you say that again?”

问这个人，“您说什么？”或者， “您能再说一遍吗？”

Again, native speakers do this all the time.

同样，母语人士一直这样做。

There’s no reason you shouldn’t do it, too.

没有理由您也不这样做。

Often, English learners are afraid to ask someone to repeat something, or to admit they

通常，英语学习者不敢请 某人重复某事，或承认他们

don’t understand.

不明白。

But, if you do this, you have no chance to understand, and no chance to communicate.

但是，如果您这样做，您就没有机会 理解，没有机会沟通。

Remember: no one understands everything everyone says, and it’s completely natural to ask

记住：没有人能理解每个人说的所有话， 请某人再说一遍是

someone to say something again.

完全自然的。

Let’s look at one more important tip.

让我们看一个更重要的提示。

Here’s a question: what does ‘native English’ sound like?

这是一个问题：“母语是英语” 听起来像什么？

Here’s another question: do you prefer the sound of British English, or American English?

这是一个问题：您喜欢这个吗？ 英式腔调或美式腔调？

Actually, those are both terrible questions, which make no sense.

实际上，这些都是可怕的问题， 没有意义。

Do you know why?

您知道为什么吗？

The reason these are bad questions is: there’s no such thing as ‘British English’.

这些是糟糕问题的原因是： 没有“英式英语”这样的东西。

If you think about ‘British English’, you probably imagine someone speaking like

如果您考虑'英式英语'， 您可能想像有人

this.

说话像这样。

But most British people don’t sound anything like that.

但大多数英国人听上去不像那样。

It’s the same for American English: people from different places and different backgrounds

美式英语也是如此： 人们来自不同的地方，有不同的背景，

will speak in different ways.

用不同的方式说话。

Then, of course, there are many other countries where English is officially the first language:

当然，还有很多其他国家 的官方第一语言是英语：

Ireland, Zambia, Australia, Kenya, Canada, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, Belize, South

爱尔兰、赞比亚、澳大利亚、肯尼亚、加拿大、 巴布新几内亚、新西兰、伯利兹、

Africa, Singapore, and many more.

南非、新加坡等等。

The world of English is much bigger than just the UK and the US, and you’ll be a better

英语世界比英国和美国大得多， 如果您意识到这点，

English speaker (and listener) if you realise this.

您会在英语口语和听力上更好。

Unfortunately, many English learners react negatively when they hear a native speaker

不幸的是，当许多英语学习者听到 母语人士用他们不常用

speaking in a way that they’re not used to.

的方式说话时，反应消极。

They say things like,

他们这样说：

“I don’t like that person’s pronunciation.”

“我不喜欢那个人的发音。”

“That person doesn’t speak good English.

“那个人的英语说得不好。

I prefer British English.”

我更喜欢英式英语。“

(or: “I prefer American English.”)

（或者：“我更喜欢美式英语。”）

“That person’s English sounds wrong.

“那个人的英语听起来不对。

I can’t understand.”

我无法理解。“

But, here’s the thing: in a real-life situation, like a job interview, a meeting, or a party,

但是，事情就是这样：在现实生活里， 像是一个工作面试、一次会议或一次聚会，

you’ll meet native speakers from different places, with different accents.

您会遇到来自不同地方的 有不同口音的母语人士。

It’s your responsibility to understand them and communicate with them; they aren’t going

理解他们并和他们沟通是您的责任， 他们不会去

to change how they talk for you.

改变他们和您说话的方式。

So, what can you do about this?

那么，您能做什么呢？

Don’t just listen to one kind of English.

不要只听一种英文。

If you love the sound of ‘classical’ British English, then fine, but listen to other voices,

如果您喜欢“典型的”英国腔英语， 那么，很好，但是也请听

too.

其他地方的声音。

You can train yourself to understand almost anything, but you need time and practice.

您可以训练自己去理解任何事情， 但您需要时间和练习。

Listen to a range of voices and accents regularly, and you’ll be able to understand more of

规律地听各种声音和腔调， 您会理解更多

what native speakers say to you.

母语人士对您说的话。

Before we finish, we have a question for you: in which situations do you find it most difficult

在我们结束本课程之前，我们有一个 问题要问您：在哪种情况下，

to understand native English speakers?

您觉得理解母语人士说的最困难？

Please let us know in the comments.

请在留言板里告诉我们。

You can find more of our free English lessons on our website: Oxford Online English dot

您可以在我们的网站上找到 更多免费的英语课程：

com.

Oxford Online English dot com。

Thanks for watching!

感谢观看！

See you next time!

再见！