How to Understand Native English Speakers - Improve English Listening

1,235,313 views ・ 2018-03-03

Oxford Online English


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00:01
Hi, I’m Gina.
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嗨,我是Gina。
00:03
Welcome to Oxford Online English!
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歡迎來到 Oxford Online English!
00:06
In this lesson, you can learn how to understand native speakers in English.
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在本課程裡,您可以學習如何理解 英文是母語的人說的。
00:12
Many English learners find it difficult to understand native speakers, even after years
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許多英文學習者發現即使在學習多年後, 也很難能理解
00:18
of study.
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母語人士說的。
00:20
This can be frustrating and demotivating!
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這可能令人沮喪和失去動力!
00:23
However, there are some simple things you can do to improve your English listening and
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但是,有一些簡單的事情 可以提高您的英文聽力和
00:29
make it easier to understand native English speakers.
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把理解英文是母語的人所說的 變得更容易。
00:35
In this lesson, you’ll see five simple tips you can use to understand native English speakers
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在本課程裡,您會看到五個簡單的提示, 可以幫您更容易地理解母語
00:42
more easily.
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人士所說的。
00:48
Look at this sentence:
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看看這句話:
00:49
I am from France.
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我來自法國。
00:51
Imagine you’re talking to someone.
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想像一下,您正在和某人說話。
00:55
How would you say it?
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您會怎麼說呢?
00:58
Would you say this sentence with the contraction?
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您會簡縮說這句話嗎?
01:00
I’m from France.
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I’m from France。
01:03
Or would you say the full form?
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或者您會說完整的形式?
01:06
I am from France.
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I am from France。
01:08
Now, think about these sentences:
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現在,想想這些句子:
01:10
He has already told me.
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他已經告訴我了。
01:14
I would like to see that film.
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我想看看那部電影。
01:18
They will not be here until tomorrow.
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直到明天他們才會在這裡。
01:23
All of these sentences can be contracted.
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所有這些句子都可以簡縮。
01:27
Can you see how?
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您能看看怎樣做嗎?
01:29
He’s already told me.
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他已經告訴我了。
01:32
I’d like to see that film.
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我想看那部電影。
01:35
They won’t be here until tomorrow.
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直到明天他們才會在這裡。
01:38
Would you pronounce the contractions, or not?
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您會簡縮的發音嗎?
01:44
Think about it, and be honest—it’s not a test!
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想一想,說實話 - 這不是 一個測試!
01:48
Here’s the problem:
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這是問題所在:
01:50
Many English learners don’t use enough contractions when they speak.
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許多英文學習者在他們說話的時候, 沒有使用足夠的簡縮形式。
01:55
They use the full form, for example he has instead of he’s.
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他們使用完整的形式,例如he has 取代了he’s。
02:03
If you don’t use contractions when you speak, it will be difficult to understand them when
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如果您說話時不使用簡縮, 在您聽的時候就很難
02:09
you’re listening.
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理解它們。
02:11
Why is this a problem?
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為什麼這是個問題?
02:13
Native speakers almost always use contractions when they’re speaking.
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當母語人士說話時, 幾乎總是使用簡縮形式。
02:18
If you find it difficult to understand contractions, you’ll always have problems when you’re
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如果您發現很難理解簡縮,當您試圖 了解母語人士所說的時候,
02:24
trying to understand native speakers.
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您總是會遇到問題。
02:27
So what’s the solution?
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那麼解決辦法是什麼?
02:31
Very simple: use contractions more in your speech.
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非常簡單:您說話時用更多的簡縮。
02:35
To do this, choose a simple topic—for example, your family—and record yourself speaking
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為此,請選擇一個簡單的主題 - 例如, 您的家庭 - 並記錄一分鐘
02:43
for one minute.
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自己說的。
02:46
Listen to the recording and try to find any places where you could have used contractions,
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聽錄音並嘗試找到任何 您可以用簡縮但
02:52
but didn’t.
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又沒有用的地方。
02:53
Then, repeat the exercise, and try to use more contractions.
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然後,重複練習,並嘗試使用 更多的簡縮。
03:00
Then, try again with a different topic.
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然後,再試一次不同的主題。
03:05
If you use contractions yourself, it’ll become easier to understand them.
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如果您自己用簡縮,理解英文是母語的 人士所說的就會變得更容易。
03:15
Here’s a simple question in English which is often difficult for English learners to
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這是一個英文學習者 通常很難理解的
03:21
understand:
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簡單的英文問題:
03:23
What are you doing Why do so many people find it difficult to
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What are you doing Why do so many people find it difficult to
03:29
hear this question correctly?
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hear this question correctly?
03:32
Let’s look.
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我們看看吧。
03:35
First of all, the letter ‘t’ in the word what is usually not pronounced.
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首先,字彙中的字母't' 通常不發音。
03:41
It changes to a /d/ sound, or it’s reduced to a glottal ‘stop’ ‘t’.
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它變為一個 / d /音,或者它降低 成一個聲門'塞音''t'。
03:48
Secondly, the word are is not pronounced /ɑː/.
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其次,/ɑː/不發音。
03:53
It doesn’t rhyme with ‘car’ or ‘far’.
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它不和"car"或"far"押韻。
03:57
It changes to a very short sound: /ə/.
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它變成了一個非常短的音:/ə/。
04:02
Next, the word you is not pronounced /jʊː/.
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接下來,您不用發/jʊː/音。
04:06
It doesn’t rhyme with ‘too’ or ‘do’.
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它不和'too'或'do'押韻。
04:10
It also becomes a very short sound: /jə/.
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它也變成了一個非常短的音:/jə/。
04:15
Finally, the words are not pronounced with spaces in between.
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最後,兩者之間有空格的字彙不發音。
04:20
The whole question is pronounced like one long word.
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整個問題的發音像是一個 長的字彙。
04:25
So, the question which is written:
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那麼,寫的問題是:
04:28
What are you doing?
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What are you doing?
04:30
Sounds like:
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聽起來好像:
04:31
Whaddayadoing?
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Whaddayadoing?
04:33
Of course, if you think are should be pronounced /ɑː/, and you should be pronounced /jʊː/,
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當然,如果您認為/ɑː/應該發音, 您應該發/jʊː/音,
04:42
and so on, you’ll expect to hear:
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等等,您會聽到:
04:45
What are you doing?
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What are you doing?
04:48
And of course, you probably won’t understand the natural pronunciation:
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當然,您可能不會理解 自然發音:
04:54
Whaddayadoing?
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Whaddayadoing?
04:57
What can you do about this?
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關於這個,您能做什麼?
04:59
Here are two suggestions:
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這有兩個建議:
05:02
One: learn about weak forms.
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一:學習弱音形式。
05:06
Weak forms are words which have a different pronunciation in a sentence.
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弱音形式是字彙在一個句子裡 有一個不同的發音。
05:11
Learning about weak forms can show you that there is some logic to English pronunciation,
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學習弱音形式可以告訴您 英文發音是有一些邏輯的,
05:18
even though you might not think so!
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即使您可能不這麼想!
05:20
Two: pay attention to how people speak.
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二:注意人們如何說話。
05:25
Don’t think about what you read in your English textbook.
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不要考慮您在您的英文 課本裡讀到的內容。
05:29
Listen to how people pronounce words and sentences in real life.
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聽聽在真實生活中 人們如何讀字彙和句子。
05:35
You’ll realize that there’s a big difference between textbook English and natural English.
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您會意識到課本中的英文和自然英文 之間有很大的不同。
05:42
Another good exercise here is dictation: choose something to listen to, like a podcast or
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這裡另一個好的練習是聽寫:選擇 要聽的不太難的內容,如podcast或
05:48
a YouTube video, which is not too difficult.
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YouTube影片。
05:52
Listen to one minute, and try to write down everything you hear.
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聽一分鐘,試著寫下 您聽到的所有東西。
05:57
Pause as often as you need to.
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根據需要隨時暫停。
05:59
This way, you can train yourself to follow native English speech.
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這樣,您可以訓練自己跟隨 母語人士的講話。
06:09
Look at a question with a word missing.
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看一個缺少字彙的問題。
06:12
What’s the missing word?
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什麼是遺漏的字彙?
06:15
________ you ready?
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________you ready?
06:19
If you’re an average English student, you said that the missing word is are.
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如果您是普通英文程度的學生, 您會說遺失的字彙“are”。
06:24
That’s the correct answer, but it’s also not the best answer.
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這是正確的答案,但它也 不是最好的答案。
06:30
What?
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什麼?
06:31
How can the correct answer not be the best answer?
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正確答案怎麼不會是最好的回答?
06:35
What are we talking about?
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我們在說什麼啊?
06:38
Actually, the best answer is that there are no words missing.
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實際上,最好的答案是 沒有字彙遺失。
06:45
You can just say,
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您可以說,
06:47
You ready?
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You ready?
06:50
In spoken English, you don’t need to say are.
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英文口說,您不需要說 “are”。
06:53
In fact, you can make the question even shorter and just say,
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事實上,您可以讓問題更短, 然後說,
06:59
Ready?
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Ready?
07:01
Native speakers very often leave out words like this.
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母語人士經常會像這樣漏掉字彙。
07:05
Again, if you’re expecting to hear a full question, these shorter questions can be confusing.
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再說一遍,如果您期待聽到一個完整的 問題,這些較短的問題可能令人困惑。
07:14
So when can you leave words out like this?
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所以當您可以這樣漏字彙口說?
07:17
In yes/no questions which have the word you, it’s often possible to make the question
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您就不認為沒有字彙是個問題, 通常可以讓問題
07:23
shorter.
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更短。
07:25
For example:
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例如:
07:29
Have you finished?
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Have you finished?
07:31
Are you going?
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Are you going?
07:34
Do you want to come?
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Do you want to come?
07:36
All of these questions can be shortened:
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所有這些問題都可以簡縮:
07:41
You finished? or Finished?
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You finished? or Finished?
07:46
You going? or Going?
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You going? or Going?
07:50
You want to come? or Want to come?
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You want to come? or Want to come?
07:55
So, what should you do?
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那您該要怎麼辦?
07:59
Try to use these shortened questions when you speak.
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當您說話時,嘗試用這些簡縮的問題。
08:03
Like all of this advice, you need to use it yourself.
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像所有這些建議一樣,您要自己用它。
08:08
If you use it when you speak, it’ll be easier for you to understand others who speak in
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如果您說話時用它,理解其他 用這種方式說話的人
08:14
this way.
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會更容易。
08:16
Remember that native speakers very often shorten questions like this.
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請記住,母語人士大多時候會簡縮 類似這樣的問題。
08:25
Here’s a question:
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這是一個問題:
08:27
Do you need to understand every word to understand what someone is saying?
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您要理解每一個字彙才能理解 某人在說什麼嗎?
08:33
What do you think?
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您怎麼看?
08:37
Very often, English learners focus on the parts they don’t understand.
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大多時候,英文學習者專注於 他們不理解的部分。
08:42
That’s natural, but it’s not always helpful.
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這很自然,但並非總是有用。
08:47
To answer our question: no, you do not need to hear and understand every word to understand
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回答我們的問題:不,您不用 聽並理解每一個字彙來理解
08:54
someone’s message.
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某人的訊息。
08:57
Imagine that you are in the kitchen with your friend, who is cooking something.
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想像一下,您和您的朋友一起在廚房裡, 您的朋友正在做飯。
09:02
Your friend asks you a question, and you hear:
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您的朋友問您一個問題,您聽到了:
09:06
Can you (mumble mumble)?
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您能(嘟嚨)嗎?
09:09
Okay, so you didn’t hear or understand the full question.
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好的,所以您沒有聽到或理解 完整的問題。
09:15
But that’s often not a problem.
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但這通常不是問題。
09:18
First of all, you heard the words can you.
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首先,您聽到了這些話。
09:22
So you know that your friend wants you to do something.
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所以您知道您的朋友想要您 做一點事。
09:26
Secondly, you’re in the kitchen, cooking.
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其次,你們在廚房做飯。
09:31
Whatever your friend wants, it’s almost certainly connected to that.
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無論您的朋友想要什麼,它幾乎都是 肯定與此有關。
09:36
Probably, your friend needs you to help with something, or give them something.
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可能,您的朋友需要您幫忙 什麼,或要一些東西。
09:42
By using the context, you can often understand someone without hearing every word.
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經由上下文,您通常可以理解 有些人沒有聽到的每一個字。
09:48
But, but, but, you say, that’s not really understanding native speakers!
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但是,但是,但是,您說,那不是真的 了解母語人士!
09:54
I want to understand native speakers, not guess what they mean.
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我想理解母語人士說的,而不是 猜他們的意思。
10:01
Actually, native speakers do this too.
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實際上,母語人士也這樣做。
10:05
You probably do it in your own language, so there’s no reason not to do it in English.
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您可能用自己的語言來做,所以 沒有理由不用英文做。
10:10
Don’t think: “I don’t know the word, so I can’t understand the sentence.”
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不要想:“我不知道這個詞, 所以我無法理解這句話。“
10:16
It’s not true.
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這不是真的。
10:18
And, if none of this works, use another simple trick: ask!
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並且,如果這些都不起作用,請使用另一個簡單的 訣竅:問!
10:24
Ask the person, “What did you say?” or, “Can you say that again?”
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問這個人,“您說什麼?”或者, “您能再說一遍嗎?”
10:30
Again, native speakers do this all the time.
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同樣,母語人士一直這樣做。
10:34
There’s no reason you shouldn’t do it, too.
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沒有理由您也不這樣做。
10:38
Often, English learners are afraid to ask someone to repeat something, or to admit they
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通常,英文學習者不敢請 某人重複某事,或承認他們
10:45
don’t understand.
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不明白。
10:47
But, if you do this, you have no chance to understand, and no chance to communicate.
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但是,如果您這樣做,您就沒有機會 理解,沒有機會溝通。
10:54
Remember: no one understands everything everyone says, and it’s completely natural to ask
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記住:沒有人能理解每個人說的一切, 請某人再說一遍是
11:02
someone to say something again.
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是完全自然的。
11:06
Let’s look at one more important tip.
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讓我們看一個更重要的提示。
11:13
Here’s a question: what does ‘native English’ sound like?
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這是一個問題:“母語為英文” 聽起來像什麼?
11:19
Here’s another question: do you prefer the sound of British English, or American English?
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這是另一個問題:你喜歡這個嗎? 英式英語腔調或美式英語腔調?
11:28
Actually, those are both terrible questions, which make no sense.
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實際上,這些都是可怕的問題, 沒有意義。
11:34
Do you know why?
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您知道為什麼嗎?
11:38
The reason these are bad questions is: there’s no such thing as ‘British English’.
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這些是糟糕問題的原因是: 沒有“英式英語”這樣的東西。
11:45
If you think about ‘British English’, you probably imagine someone speaking like
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如果您考慮'英式英語', 您可能想像有人
11:51
this.
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說話像這樣。
11:53
But most British people don’t sound anything like that.
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但大多數英國人聽上去不像那樣。
11:57
It’s the same for American English: people from different places and different backgrounds
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美式英語也是如此: 人們來自不同的地方,有不同的背景,
12:04
will speak in different ways.
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用不同的方式說話。
12:07
Then, of course, there are many other countries where English is officially the first language:
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當然,還有很多其他國家 的官方第一語言是英文:
12:15
Ireland, Zambia, Australia, Kenya, Canada, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, Belize, South
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愛爾蘭,尚比亞、澳洲、肯亞、加拿大、 巴布亞紐幾內亞、紐西蘭、貝里斯、
12:28
Africa, Singapore, and many more.
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南非、新加坡等等。
12:33
The world of English is much bigger than just the UK and the US, and you’ll be a better
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英語世界比英國和美國大得多, 如果您意識到這點,
12:40
English speaker (and listener) if you realise this.
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您會在英文口說和聽力上更好。
12:45
Unfortunately, many English learners react negatively when they hear a native speaker
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不幸的是,當許多英文學習者聽到 母語人士用他們不常用
12:51
speaking in a way that they’re not used to.
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的方式說話時,反應消極。
12:55
They say things like,
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他們說一些像這樣的:
12:56
“I don’t like that person’s pronunciation.”
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“我不喜歡那個人的發音。”
13:00
“That person doesn’t speak good English.
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“那個人英文說得不好。
13:04
I prefer British English.”
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我更喜歡英式英語。“
13:07
(or: “I prefer American English.”)
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(或者:“我更喜歡美式英語。”)
13:10
“That person’s English sounds wrong.
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“那個人的英文聽起來不對。
13:14
I can’t understand.”
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我無法理解。“
13:16
But, here’s the thing: in a real-life situation, like a job interview, a meeting, or a party,
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但是,事情就是這樣:在現實生活裡, 像是一個求職面試、一次會議或一次聚會,
13:24
you’ll meet native speakers from different places, with different accents.
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您會遇到來自不同地方的 有不同口音的母語人士。
13:29
It’s your responsibility to understand them and communicate with them; they aren’t going
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理解他們並與他們溝通是您的責任, 他們不會去
13:36
to change how they talk for you.
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改變他們和您說話的方式。
13:40
So, what can you do about this?
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那麼,您能做些什麼呢?
13:43
Don’t just listen to one kind of English.
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不要只聽一種英文。
13:47
If you love the sound of ‘classical’ British English, then fine, but listen to other voices,
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如果您喜歡“典型的”英國腔英文, 那麼,很好,但是也請聽
13:54
too.
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其他地方的聲音。
13:55
You can train yourself to understand almost anything, but you need time and practice.
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您可以訓練自己去理解任何事情, 但你需要時間和練習。
14:02
Listen to a range of voices and accents regularly, and you’ll be able to understand more of
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規律地聽各種聲音和腔調, 您會理解更多
14:09
what native speakers say to you.
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母語人士對您說的話。
14:15
Before we finish, we have a question for you: in which situations do you find it most difficult
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在我們結束本課程之前,我們有一個 問題要問您:在哪種情況下,
14:23
to understand native English speakers?
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您覺得理解母語人士說的最困難?
14:27
Please let us know in the comments.
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請在留言板裡告訴我們。
14:29
You can find more of our free English lessons on our website: Oxford Online English dot
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您可以在我們的網站上找到 更多免費的英文課程:
14:35
com.
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Oxford Online English dot com。
14:36
Thanks for watching!
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感謝觀看!
14:38
See you next time!
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再見!
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