LEND or BORROW? | British English Grammar

- Hello and welcome back to English with Lucy.

Ahoj a vitajte na kanáli English with Lucy.

I'm trying again with my new microphone,

Opäť to skúšam s novým mikrofónom,

hopefully it works, we'll see.

dúfam, že funguje...uvidíme.

Today, we're going to be talking about two verbs,

Dnes si povieme o dvoch slovesách,

that often confuse my students

ktoré často mätú mojich študentov,

and the verbs are to lend and to borrow.

a sú to slovesá "lend" (požičať) a "borrow" (požičať si).

Now, these verbs are so confusing,

Takže, tieto slovesá sú nejasné,

because they mean roughly the same thing.

pretože znamenajú približne to isté.

The only difference is the direction.

Jediným rozdielom je smer.

Now, I've got some secret tricks, that I can give you today,

Mám niekoľko tajných trikov, ktoré vám dnes ukážem a

that will make sure that you use these verbs correctly

tie vám pomôžu používať ich správne

100% of the time.

na 100 %.

I've got some good methods of remembering which is which

Poznám dobré metódy ako ich rozlišovať

and we're going to put them into practise today as well.

a dnes sa ich naučíme používať.

So firstly, what do they mean?

Čo teda znamenajú?

Well, to lend means to give something to somebody

Lend (požičať) znamená dať niekomu niečo

for a limited amount of time,

na určitý čas s očakávaním,

so you expect to receive it back.

že sa vám to vráti.

To borrow, on the other hand, means to receive something

Borrow (požičať si) znamená dostať niečo

for a limited amount of time

na určitý čas a očakáva sa,

and they expect you to give it back.

že to vrátite.

So to lend means to give

Takže, lend znamená dať a

and to borrow means to receive,

borrow znamená dostať -

both for a limited amount of time.

obidva na určitý čas.

The verb, to borrow, is regular,

Sloveso borrow je pravidelné

the infinitive, to borrow,

neurčitok to borrow,

the past simple, borrowed

minulý čas borrowed a

and the past participle, borrowed again.

príčastie minulé tiež borrowed.

Lend on the other hand is irregular,

Lend je však nepravidelné,

the infinitive, lend,

neurčitok lend,

the past simple, lent

minulý čas lent

and the past participle, lent.

a príčastie minulé lent.

Now, I always tell my students that in order to remember it,

Vždy hovorím študentom, že ak si ich chcú zapamätať,

you need to think of the syllables,

nech myslia na slabiky,

lend, one syllable, give, one syllable,

lend (požičať)- jedna slabika, give (dať) - jedna slabika,

borrow, two syllables, receive, two syllables,

borrow (požičať si) - dve slabiky, receive (dostať) - dve slabiky...

so we know that lend, give, borrow, receive,

teda vieme, že lend = give, borrow = receive...

easy as that.

jednoduché.

So let's put this into practise then.

Tak si to precvičme.

I'm going to use my lovely cousins, John and Katie,

Použijem na to môjho úžasného bratranca Johna a sesternicu Katie,

John and Katie, I hope you don't mind,

John a Katie, dúfam, že vám to nevadí...

so John needs 10 pounds

John potrebuje 10 libier,

and Katie has 10 pounds,

Katie má 10 libier, tak by mohol

so John could say, "Katie, can you lend me 10 pounds?"

povedať:

He could also say, "Katie, can I borrow 10 pounds?"

Tiež by mohol povedať:

but he could not say,

No nemohol by sa opýtať:

"Katie, can you borrow me 10 pounds?"

and that's a mistake, that I often hear.

Je to chyba, ktorú často počujem.

Now, Katie has got the 10 pounds

Katie má teda 10 liber a

and she would like to give it to John

a rada by ich dala Johnovi na

for that limited amount of time, so she could say,

určitý čas, tak by mohla povedať:

"Yes John, I can lend you 10 pounds,"

she could also say, "Yes John, you can borrow 10 pounds,"

Tiež by mohla povedať:

but she can't say, "Yes John, I can borrow you 10 pounds,"

No nemohla by povedať:

so just remember that.

Zapamätajte si to.

So make sure you understand the direction in this situation.

Uistite sa, že rozumiete smeru v danej situácii.

John has borrowed 10 pounds from Katie,

John si požičal 10 libier od Katie,

same situation, different direction.

tá istá situácia, iný smer.

Katie has lent 10 pounds to John,

Katie požičala 10 libier Johnovi,

so John has borrowed from Katie,

John si ich požičal od Katie,

he's received the 10 pounds

dostal 10 libier.

and Katie has lent 10 pounds to John,

a Katie požičala Johnovi 10 libier,

she's given him 10 pounds.

dala mu 10 libier.

So, hopefully that is a little bit clearer.

Dúfam, že je to o čosi jasnejšie.

Now I would like to test you, so we're going to have a quiz.

Teraz by som si vám rada preskúšala pomocou kvízu.

I'm going to give you five seconds to guess the answer

Dám vám päť sekúnd na uhádnutie odpovede,

and then the answer will appear.

potom uvidíte odpoveď.

OK, so let's look at number one,

Dobre, pozrime sa na prvú otázku.

Could you mm me your Ferrari?

Could you mm me your Ferrari?

Which one will it be?

Ktoré sloveso to bude?

OK, the answer is lend,

OK, odpoveď je lend

could you lend me your Ferrari

and we know that it's lend, because we've got me,

Vieme, že je to lend (požičať), lebo v otázke je "me" (mne).

I could say, could you give me your Ferrari,

Mohla by som sa opýtať:

I couldn't say, could you receive me your Ferrari.

ale nemohla by som povedať:

So if you're in doubt, try it with give or receive

Ak pochybujete, skúste to s "give" (dať) alebo "receive" (dostať)

and that should tell you which one it will be.

a to vám pomôže rozhodnúť sa.

OK, number two.

OK, druhá otázka.

No way! Last time you mm my Ferrari, you crashed it!

No way! Last time you mm my Ferrari, you crashed it!

Which will it be?

Ktoré sloveso to je?

OK, the answer is borrowed.

OK, odpoveď je borrowed.

Make sure you think of the verb in its correct form.

Dajte si pozor na správny tvar slovesa.

No way! Last time you borrowed my Ferrari, you crashed it!

No way! Last time you borrowed my Ferrari, you crashed it!

So, number three.

Tretia otázka.

I mm this t-shirt from Felicity.

I mm this t-shirt from Felicity.

Which one is it?

Ktoré je správne?

It's borrowed.

Je to borrowed.

The reason it's borrowed is because we've got from,

Preto borrowed, pretože sme ho dostali od

I borrow from, I lend to.

požičiam od (borrow), požičiam komu (lend).

OK, number four.

Štvrtá otázka.

Did you mm him your PS4?

Did you mm him your PS4?

Which one is it?

Ktoré je správne?

It's lend, did you lend him your PS4?

Je to lend...

Did you lend him your PS4?

We've got him, so we know it's lend.

V otázke je "him" (jemu), vieme teda, že je to lend.

OK, number five.

Piata otázka

You shouldn't mm money.

You shouldn't mm money.

Which one is it, this one's difficult.

Ktoré je správne? Táto otázka je ťažká.

OK, this one was a trick one,

Táto je náročná

it can be both borrow or lend.

Obidve - borrow aj lend - sú správne.

You shouldn't lend money, you shouldn't borrow money.

That's not my opinion, by the way.

Mimochodom, to nie je môj názor.

Alright guys, that's it for today's lesson.

Dobre ľudkovia, to je pre dnešnú hodinu všetko.

You should now understand how to use

Už by ste mali rozumieť, ako správne

lend and borrow correctly.

používať lend (požičať) a borrow (požičať si).

Just a quick reminder for you,

Ešte vám rýchlo pripomeniem,

I now do a free, live pronunciation lesson

že každú nedeľu o 17.30 stredoeurópskeho času

every Sunday at 4:30 London GMT time

poskytujem hodiny výslovnosti naživo a zadarmo

and this is on my Facebook page,

na mojej stránke na Facebooku,

which is called English with Lucy,

s názvom English with Lucy,

so the lesson lasts one hour and throughout that hour,

hodina trvá 60 minút a počas hodiny

you can write your pronunciation queries,

mi môžete písať otázky ohľadom výslovnosti,

i.e. words that you don't know how to pronounce

napr. slová, ktoré neviete správne vysloviť

and I will pronounce them for you

a ja vám to predvediem.

and it's great fun, we did it last week as well

Je to zábava, aj minulý týždeň sme to robili

and loads of you tuned in

a mnohí z vás sa prihlásili

and I'm starting to recognise more and more names

Už začínam rozpoznávať čoraz viac mien

and it's really nice to chat with you,

a je príjemné pokecať si s vami,

so make sure you tune in for that.

tak sa neváhajte prihlásiť.

Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media,

Nezabudnite, že sa so mnou môžete skontaktovať cez sociálne médiá,

which is right here in front of my face (laughs)

ktorých ikonky sú hneď pred mojou tvárou

and I'll see you very, very soon for another lesson.

vidíme sa už čoskoro na ďalšej hodine.

Now, Katie could reply firstly with, "No way!" (laughs)

Katie by teraz mohla odpovedať: "V žiadnom prípade!"

Now, I've got some tricks, that I'm going to tell you today,

that will...