LEND or BORROW? | British English Grammar

272,954 views ・ 2016-11-09

English with Lucy


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00:00
- Hello and welcome back to English with Lucy.
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Ahoj a vitajte na kanáli English with Lucy.
00:03
I'm trying again with my new microphone,
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Opäť to skúšam s novým mikrofónom,
00:06
hopefully it works, we'll see.
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dúfam, že funguje...uvidíme.
00:09
Today, we're going to be talking about two verbs,
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Dnes si povieme o dvoch slovesách,
00:12
that often confuse my students
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ktoré často mätú mojich študentov,
00:15
and the verbs are to lend and to borrow.
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a sú to slovesá "lend" (požičať) a "borrow" (požičať si).
00:20
Now, these verbs are so confusing,
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Takže, tieto slovesá sú nejasné,
00:21
because they mean roughly the same thing.
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pretože znamenajú približne to isté.
00:25
The only difference is the direction.
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Jediným rozdielom je smer.
00:28
Now, I've got some secret tricks, that I can give you today,
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Mám niekoľko tajných trikov, ktoré vám dnes ukážem a
00:33
that will make sure that you use these verbs correctly
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tie vám pomôžu používať ich správne
00:37
100% of the time.
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na 100 %.
00:39
I've got some good methods of remembering which is which
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Poznám dobré metódy ako ich rozlišovať
00:42
and we're going to put them into practise today as well.
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a dnes sa ich naučíme používať.
00:46
So firstly, what do they mean?
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Čo teda znamenajú?
00:48
Well, to lend means to give something to somebody
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Lend (požičať) znamená dať niekomu niečo
00:52
for a limited amount of time,
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na určitý čas s očakávaním,
00:55
so you expect to receive it back.
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že sa vám to vráti.
00:58
To borrow, on the other hand, means to receive something
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Borrow (požičať si) znamená dostať niečo
01:02
for a limited amount of time
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na určitý čas a očakáva sa,
01:04
and they expect you to give it back.
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že to vrátite.
01:07
So to lend means to give
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Takže, lend znamená dať a
01:10
and to borrow means to receive,
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borrow znamená dostať -
01:13
both for a limited amount of time.
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obidva na určitý čas.
01:15
The verb, to borrow, is regular,
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Sloveso borrow je pravidelné
01:18
the infinitive, to borrow,
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neurčitok to borrow,
01:21
the past simple, borrowed
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minulý čas borrowed a
01:24
and the past participle, borrowed again.
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príčastie minulé tiež borrowed.
01:27
Lend on the other hand is irregular,
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Lend je však nepravidelné,
01:30
the infinitive, lend,
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neurčitok lend,
01:32
the past simple, lent
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minulý čas lent
01:35
and the past participle, lent.
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a príčastie minulé lent.
01:38
Now, I always tell my students that in order to remember it,
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Vždy hovorím študentom, že ak si ich chcú zapamätať,
01:42
you need to think of the syllables,
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nech myslia na slabiky,
01:45
lend, one syllable, give, one syllable,
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lend (požičať)- jedna slabika, give (dať) - jedna slabika,
01:50
borrow, two syllables, receive, two syllables,
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borrow (požičať si) - dve slabiky, receive (dostať) - dve slabiky...
01:55
so we know that lend, give, borrow, receive,
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teda vieme, že lend = give, borrow = receive...
01:58
easy as that.
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jednoduché.
01:59
So let's put this into practise then.
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Tak si to precvičme.
02:02
I'm going to use my lovely cousins, John and Katie,
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Použijem na to môjho úžasného bratranca Johna a sesternicu Katie,
02:06
John and Katie, I hope you don't mind,
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John a Katie, dúfam, že vám to nevadí...
02:09
so John needs 10 pounds
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John potrebuje 10 libier,
02:13
and Katie has 10 pounds,
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Katie má 10 libier, tak by mohol
02:15
so John could say, "Katie, can you lend me 10 pounds?"
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povedať:
02:22
He could also say, "Katie, can I borrow 10 pounds?"
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Tiež by mohol povedať:
02:27
but he could not say,
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No nemohol by sa opýtať:
02:30
"Katie, can you borrow me 10 pounds?"
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02:33
and that's a mistake, that I often hear.
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Je to chyba, ktorú často počujem.
02:37
Now, Katie has got the 10 pounds
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Katie má teda 10 liber a
02:38
and she would like to give it to John
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a rada by ich dala Johnovi na
02:41
for that limited amount of time, so she could say,
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určitý čas, tak by mohla povedať:
02:44
"Yes John, I can lend you 10 pounds,"
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02:48
she could also say, "Yes John, you can borrow 10 pounds,"
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Tiež by mohla povedať:
02:53
but she can't say, "Yes John, I can borrow you 10 pounds,"
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No nemohla by povedať:
02:57
so just remember that.
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Zapamätajte si to.
02:59
So make sure you understand the direction in this situation.
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Uistite sa, že rozumiete smeru v danej situácii.
03:04
John has borrowed 10 pounds from Katie,
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John si požičal 10 libier od Katie,
03:10
same situation, different direction.
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tá istá situácia, iný smer.
03:13
Katie has lent 10 pounds to John,
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Katie požičala 10 libier Johnovi,
03:18
so John has borrowed from Katie,
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John si ich požičal od Katie,
03:21
he's received the 10 pounds
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dostal 10 libier.
03:24
and Katie has lent 10 pounds to John,
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a Katie požičala Johnovi 10 libier,
03:28
she's given him 10 pounds.
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dala mu 10 libier.
03:31
So, hopefully that is a little bit clearer.
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Dúfam, že je to o čosi jasnejšie.
03:34
Now I would like to test you, so we're going to have a quiz.
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Teraz by som si vám rada preskúšala pomocou kvízu.
03:39
I'm going to give you five seconds to guess the answer
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Dám vám päť sekúnd na uhádnutie odpovede,
03:42
and then the answer will appear.
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potom uvidíte odpoveď.
03:45
OK, so let's look at number one,
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Dobre, pozrime sa na prvú otázku.
03:48
Could you mm me your Ferrari?
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03:52
Could you mm me your Ferrari?
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03:58
Which one will it be?
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Ktoré sloveso to bude?
04:00
OK, the answer is lend,
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OK, odpoveď je lend
04:04
could you lend me your Ferrari
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04:06
and we know that it's lend, because we've got me,
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Vieme, že je to lend (požičať), lebo v otázke je "me" (mne).
04:10
I could say, could you give me your Ferrari,
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Mohla by som sa opýtať:
04:13
I couldn't say, could you receive me your Ferrari.
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ale nemohla by som povedať:
04:17
So if you're in doubt, try it with give or receive
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Ak pochybujete, skúste to s "give" (dať) alebo "receive" (dostať)
04:20
and that should tell you which one it will be.
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a to vám pomôže rozhodnúť sa.
04:24
OK, number two.
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OK, druhá otázka.
04:26
No way! Last time you mm my Ferrari, you crashed it!
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04:32
No way! Last time you mm my Ferrari, you crashed it!
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04:38
Which will it be?
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Ktoré sloveso to je?
04:42
OK, the answer is borrowed.
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OK, odpoveď je borrowed.
04:45
Make sure you think of the verb in its correct form.
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Dajte si pozor na správny tvar slovesa.
04:49
No way! Last time you borrowed my Ferrari, you crashed it!
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04:55
No way! Last time you borrowed my Ferrari, you crashed it!
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05:01
So, number three.
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Tretia otázka.
05:04
I mm this t-shirt from Felicity.
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05:09
I mm this t-shirt from Felicity.
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05:12
Which one is it?
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Ktoré je správne?
05:16
It's borrowed.
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Je to borrowed.
05:18
The reason it's borrowed is because we've got from,
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Preto borrowed, pretože sme ho dostali od
05:21
I borrow from, I lend to.
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požičiam od (borrow), požičiam komu (lend).
05:24
OK, number four.
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Štvrtá otázka.
05:26
Did you mm him your PS4?
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05:30
Did you mm him your PS4?
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05:34
Which one is it?
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Ktoré je správne?
05:37
It's lend, did you lend him your PS4?
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Je to lend...
05:42
Did you lend him your PS4?
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05:46
We've got him, so we know it's lend.
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V otázke je "him" (jemu), vieme teda, že je to lend.
05:50
OK, number five.
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Piata otázka
05:51
You shouldn't mm money.
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05:55
You shouldn't mm money.
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05:58
Which one is it, this one's difficult.
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Ktoré je správne? Táto otázka je ťažká.
06:03
OK, this one was a trick one,
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Táto je náročná
06:05
it can be both borrow or lend.
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Obidve - borrow aj lend - sú správne.
06:08
You shouldn't lend money, you shouldn't borrow money.
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06:11
That's not my opinion, by the way.
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Mimochodom, to nie je môj názor.
06:14
Alright guys, that's it for today's lesson.
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Dobre ľudkovia, to je pre dnešnú hodinu všetko.
06:17
You should now understand how to use
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Už by ste mali rozumieť, ako správne
06:20
lend and borrow correctly.
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používať lend (požičať) a borrow (požičať si).
06:23
Just a quick reminder for you,
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Ešte vám rýchlo pripomeniem,
06:24
I now do a free, live pronunciation lesson
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že každú nedeľu o 17.30 stredoeurópskeho času
06:29
every Sunday at 4:30 London GMT time
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poskytujem hodiny výslovnosti naživo a zadarmo
06:34
and this is on my Facebook page,
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na mojej stránke na Facebooku,
06:36
which is called English with Lucy,
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s názvom English with Lucy,
06:38
so the lesson lasts one hour and throughout that hour,
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hodina trvá 60 minút a počas hodiny
06:42
you can write your pronunciation queries,
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mi môžete písať otázky ohľadom výslovnosti,
06:45
i.e. words that you don't know how to pronounce
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napr. slová, ktoré neviete správne vysloviť
06:47
and I will pronounce them for you
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a ja vám to predvediem.
06:49
and it's great fun, we did it last week as well
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Je to zábava, aj minulý týždeň sme to robili
06:53
and loads of you tuned in
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a mnohí z vás sa prihlásili
06:55
and I'm starting to recognise more and more names
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Už začínam rozpoznávať čoraz viac mien
06:57
and it's really nice to chat with you,
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a je príjemné pokecať si s vami,
07:00
so make sure you tune in for that.
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tak sa neváhajte prihlásiť.
07:03
Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media,
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Nezabudnite, že sa so mnou môžete skontaktovať cez sociálne médiá,
07:07
which is right here in front of my face (laughs)
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ktorých ikonky sú hneď pred mojou tvárou
07:10
and I'll see you very, very soon for another lesson.
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vidíme sa už čoskoro na ďalšej hodine.
07:14
Now, Katie could reply firstly with, "No way!" (laughs)
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Katie by teraz mohla odpovedať: "V žiadnom prípade!"
07:18
Now, I've got some tricks, that I'm going to tell you today,
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07:22
that will...
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