No university for Afghan women: BBC News Review

74,962 views ใƒป 2023-03-08

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
Education for all?
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ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื›ื•ืœื?
00:02
Not if you're a woman in Afghanistan.
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ืœื ืื ืืช ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
00:04
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
00:07
I'm Neil and I'm Sian make sure you watch
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ ื•ืื ื™ ืกื™ืืŸ ื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืืชื” ืฆื•ืคื”
00:10
to the end to learn vocabulary about today's story.
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ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
00:13
And don't forget to subscribe to our channel,
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ื•ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœืขืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœื ื•,
00:15
like this video and try the quiz on our website. Now, the story.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืง ืœืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
00:21
A crime against humanity.
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ืคืฉืข ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช.
00:24
That's how a UN expert has described the Taliban's ban
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ื›ืš ืชื™ืืจ ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื”ืื•"ื ืืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ
00:28
on female education in Afghanistan.
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ืขืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
00:31
This week universities have reopened.
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ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ื ืคืชื—ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ.
00:34
But female students are not allowed back.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืืกื•ืจ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ.
00:38
No access to education is one of the many restrictions
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ืื™ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžื”ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช
00:42
women are facing under the Taliban.
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ื‘ืคื ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืชื—ืช ื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ.
00:44
You've been looking at the headlines, Sian, what's the vocabulary?
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœืช ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช, ืกื™ืืŸ, ืžื” ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื?
00:47
We have 'barred', 'trickle back' and 'playing with'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ื—ืกื•ื', 'ื˜ืคื˜ืฃ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”' ื•'ืฉื™ื—ืงื ื• ืขื'.
00:52
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
01:03
Let's have a look at our first headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
01:06
This is from Al Jazeera.
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ื–ื” ืžืืœ ื’'ื–ื™ืจื”.
01:09
Afghanistan universities reopen but women still barred by Taliban.
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ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ื ืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืš ื ืฉื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืืกืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ.
01:15
So, universities in Afghanistan are open again after a break,
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ืื– ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ืคืชื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืกืงื”,
01:20
but only if you're a man - women are barred.
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ืื ืืชื” ื’ื‘ืจ - ื ืืกืจ ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื.
01:24
And that is the word we're looking at - 'barred'. What does it mean?
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื” - 'ื—ืกื™ืžื”'. ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ?
01:28
So OK, it might help to think of 'bar' as a noun,
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ืื– ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ 'ื‘ืจ' ื›ืฉื ืขืฆื,
01:31
which is a physical thing.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืคื™ื–ื™.
01:33
So, prisoners have bars on their windows to stop them escaping.
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ืื–, ืœืืกื™ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืกื•ืจื’ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื”ื ืœื‘ืจื•ื—.
01:39
But here it's a verb, isn't it?
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ, ืœื?
01:41
It is, yes. And it's used metaphorically.
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ื–ื” ื›ืŸ. ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื™.
01:44
So, the idea when you bar something is that you prevent it from happening.
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื•ื ืข ืžืฉื”ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉืืชื” ืžื•ื ืข ืžืžื ื• ืœืงืจื•ืช.
01:50
Prevent something from going somewhere or someone from doing something.
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ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืžืฉื”ื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื ืฉื”ื• ืื• ืžืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•.
01:53
Yeah, so 'barred' in the headline
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ื›ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื›ืš 'ื—ืกื•ื' ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช
01:55
means the Taliban have prevented or stopped women from going to university.
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ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ ืžื ืข ืื• ืžื ืข ืžื ืฉื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”.
02:01
Yeah, we see this word used quite a lot.
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ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื“ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื”.
02:03
What other contexts can we find it?
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ืื™ืœื• ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื–ื”?
02:06
OK, so someone can be barred from a shop if they steal something.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื– ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืกื•ื ืžื—ื ื•ืช ืื ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ื ื‘ ืžืฉื”ื•.
02:10
Right, OK. So that's about preventing someone from doing something.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื– ื–ื” ืขืœ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•.
02:14
OK, let's look at that again.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
02:24
Let's have our next headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•.
02:26
This is from Republic World.
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ื–ื” ืž-Republic World.
02:29
Men trickle back to Afghan universities
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ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื˜ืคื˜ืคื™ื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ืืคื’ื ื™ื•ืช
02:33
after winter break, women remain barred by Taliban.
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ืœืื—ืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ, ื ืฉื™ื ื ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื—ืกื•ืžื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ.
02:38
So, we see that word 'barred' again - meaning prevent that we just explained.
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ื—ืกื™ืžื”' - ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื–ื” ืฉืจืง ื”ืกื‘ืจื ื•.
02:43
But we're interested in 'trickle back'
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘'ื˜ืคื˜ื•ืฃ ื—ื–ืจื”'
02:46
and that word 'trickle' is usually connected to water, isn't it?
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ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ื˜ืคื˜ื•ืฃ' ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืžื™ื, ืœื?
02:51
Yeah, so imagine a small stream of water moving slowly - it trickles.
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ื›ืŸ, ืื– ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ื–ืจื ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืฉื–ื– ืœืื˜ - ื”ื•ื ืžื˜ืคื˜ืฃ.
02:57
So, for example, if you cry a tear trickles down your cheek,
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ืื–, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื ืืชื” ื‘ื•ื›ื”, ื–ื•ืœื’ืช ืœืš ื“ืžืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืœื—ื™,
03:02
but we don't just use it to talk about water.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื” ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื.
03:05
We could also use it to describe people or things moving gradually.
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”.
03:11
Yes. So, in this headline 'trickle' is used
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ื›ืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ, ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘'ื˜ืคื˜ื•ืฃ'
03:14
with 'back' to describe Afghan men returning gradually to university.
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ืขื 'ื’ื‘' ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืืจ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืืคื’ื ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”.
03:20
Or children might trickle back to the classroom after their lunch break.
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ืื• ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื–ืœื•ื’ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื›ื™ืชื” ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
03:25
Yeah, and this word 'trickle' is used in other contexts as well. For example,
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ื›ืŸ, ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ื˜ืคื˜ื•ืฃ' ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื’ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืœืžืฉืœ,
03:30
after an election the results trickle in - it means they arrive gradually,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื–ื•ืœื’ื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื” - ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”,
03:35
and it's not until later that you know the full result.
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ื•ืจืง ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืžืœืื”.
03:39
Let's look at that again.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
03:48
Let's have a look at our next headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•.
03:50
This is from Press TV.
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ื–ื” ืž-Press TV.
03:53
Banning women's education in Afghanistan is playing with future of nation.
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ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
03:59
We are looking at the word 'playing' which I'm sure everybody knows.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืžืฉื—ืง' ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื.
04:03
Play is about fun.
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ืžืฉื—ืง ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฃ.
04:05
It's about games.
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ื–ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื.
04:07
I play football. I play chess.
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ืื ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ. ืื ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉื—ืžื˜.
04:09
So what's going on here?
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ืื– ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื›ืืŸ?
04:11
Well yeah. In those senses, playing is fun because games aren't serious,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื›ืŸ. ื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ืœืฉื—ืง ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื”ื ืœื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื™ื,
04:16
but here we're talking about playing with people's futures.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื.
04:20
So here, it's not fun,
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ืื– ื”ื ื”, ื–ื” ืœื ื›ื™ืฃ,
04:21
it's much more serious. Yes, that's right.
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ื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจืฆื™ื ื™. ื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
04:23
So in the headline, by using the word 'playing', the headline writer shows
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ืื– ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” 'ืžืฉื—ืง', ื›ื•ืชื‘ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืžืจืื”
04:29
that they think that the Taliban does not take women's education seriously.
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ืฉื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ ืœื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื ืฉื™ื.
04:34
In a way it's a game to them.
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ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื–ื” ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื‘ื•ืจื.
04:36
Yeah, and we can use this play in the negative sense with other nouns.
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ื›ืŸ, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื—ื–ื” ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ืขื ืฉืžื•ืช ืขืฆื ืื—ืจื™ื.
04:40
So if someone plays with your career,
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ืื– ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœืš,
04:42
they're not taking your career seriously.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืœื•ืงื— ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœืš ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช.
04:45
Yeah. Or someone can play with your feelings. Again,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื• ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœืš. ืฉื•ื‘,
04:48
it means they're not taking your feelings seriously
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ืœื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช
04:51
- it's a game for them. Let's look at that again.
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- ื–ื” ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื. ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
05:03
We've had 'barred' - prevented.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ื—ืกื™ืžื”' - ืžื ืข.
05:06
'Trickle back' - gradually return.
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'ื˜ืคื˜ืฃ ืื—ื•ืจื”' - ื—ื–ืจื” ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื”.
05:09
and 'playing with something' - not treating something seriously.
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ื•'ืœืฉื—ืง ืขื ืžืฉื”ื•' - ืœื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช.
05:12
Now, to keep learning more vocabulary like this,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขื•ื“ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• ื–ื”,
05:15
check out this episode of 6 Minute English about women
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ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืคืจืง ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื
05:19
in the workplace.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
05:20
And don't forget to subscribe to our channel. Click here so you
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ื•ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœืขืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœื ื•. ืœื—ืฅ ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœืขื•ืœื
05:23
never miss another video
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ืœื ืชืคืกืคืก ืขื•ื“ ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ
05:25
Thank you for joining us and goodbye. Bye!
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื• ื•ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช. ื‘ื™ื™!
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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