Record oil profits: BBC News Review

83,736 views ใƒป 2022-08-03

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
Oil companies make record profit - while prices for customers rise.
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ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคื˜ ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ื - ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื™ื.
00:05
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
00:08
I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ. ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืช'.
00:10
Stick with us to the end of the video and you'll learn vocabulary
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ื”ื™ืฆืžื“ ืืœื™ื ื• ืœืกื•ืฃ ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ืชืœืžื“ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื
00:13
about making money. Yes, you will.
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ืขืœ ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื›ืกืฃ. ื›ืŸ ืืชื” ืชืขืฉื”.
00:15
And don't forget - subscribe to our channel, like this video,
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ื•ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• - ื”ื™ืจืฉืžื• ืœืขืจื•ืฅ ืฉืœื ื•, ืชื ื• ืœื™ื™ืง ืœืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
00:19
and try the quiz on our website.
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ื•ื ืกื• ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
00:21
Now, today's story.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
00:23
Almost 60 billion dollars in three months.
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ื›ืžืขื˜ 60 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื.
00:27
That's how much profit
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ื–ื” ื”ืจื•ื•ื— ืฉื—ืžืฉ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช
00:28
the world's five biggest oil companies made in the last quarter.
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ื”ื ืคื˜ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื• ื‘ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
00:34
It comes as energy bills for consumers continue to rise to record levels.
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ื›ืืฉืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืจืžื•ืช ืฉื™ื.
00:40
The high profits are caused by increasing prices for oil and gas
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ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื’ืจืžื™ื ืžื”ืขืœืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ืคื˜ ื•ื”ื’ื–
00:44
because of the war in Ukraine, experts say.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”, ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื.
00:48
You've been looking at the headlines,
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช,
00:50
Beth. What's the vocabulary?
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ื‘ืช'. ืžื” ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื?
00:52
We have 'profiteering', 'laughing all the way to the bank' and 'shatter'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื—', 'ืœืฆื—ื•ืง ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื ืง' ื•'ืœื”ืชื ืคืฅ'.
00:58
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
01:08
Let's have a look at our first headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
01:09
This one comes from The Guardian:
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื”ื’ืจื“ื™ืืŸ:
01:17
Now, the word
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืžื™ืœื”
01:18
we are looking at is 'profiteering',
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื”ื™ื 'ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช',
01:20
and there's a big clue
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืจืžื– ื’ื“ื•ืœ
01:22
in the first half of that word.
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ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื•.
01:23
Yep. So, the first half of that word is 'profit'.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื–, ื”ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื 'ืจื•ื•ื—'.
01:27
That's the money that you make when you sell something.
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ื–ื” ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืืชื” ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื•ื›ืจ ืžืฉื”ื•.
01:29
Yeah. And the word 'profit' itself is fairly neutral.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืจื•ื•ื—' ืขืฆืžื” ื”ื™ื ื ื™ื˜ืจืœื™ืช ืœืžื“ื™.
01:34
There's nothing negative or positive about the word 'profit'.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ืœื™ ืื• ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” 'ืจื•ื•ื—'.
01:38
Yeah. That's right.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
01:39
But 'profiteering' is different.
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ืื‘ืœ 'ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื—' ื–ื” ืื—ืจืช.
01:41
So, the activity of 'profiteering'
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื'
01:44
is about unfairly making money,
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ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื›ืกืฃ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื ืช,
01:47
and this is often because the people buying have no choice.
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ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืงื•ื ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืจื”.
01:51
Yes. So, people who are critical of the oil companies say that consumers,
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ื›ืŸ. ืื– ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคื˜ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืฆืจื›ื ื™ื,
01:56
that's people like me and you, are being treated unfairly.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืžื•ื ื™ ื•ื›ืžื•ืš, ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืœื™ื—ืก ืœื ื”ื•ื’ืŸ.
02:00
They don't understand
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ื”ื ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื
02:02
why these big profits from the oil companies are not passed to consumers
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ืœืžื” ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืคื˜ ืœื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ื ื™ื
02:06
and why the prices keep going up. And in this headline,
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ื•ืœืžื” ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืœื•ืช. ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื•
02:10
it says the profiteering is 'unfettered'. Now,
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ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืจื•ื•ื— ื”ื•ื 'ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ'. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
02:13
that means 'without limits'.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ 'ืœืœื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช'.
02:15
So, the writer thinks there's no control over this profit making.
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ืื–, ื”ืกื•ืคืจ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืจื•ื•ื— ื–ื”. ื”ืื ื™ืฉ
02:19
Have you got any other examples of 'profiteering'?
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ืœืš ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืœ'ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื'?
02:23
Yep. So, sometimes lenders are accused of profiteering.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืœื•ื•ื™ื ืžื•ืืฉืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืคืงืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื.
02:27
So, people with very little money might be desperate for a loan.
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ืื–, ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืžืขื˜ ืžืื•ื“ ื›ืกืฃ ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ืืฉื™ื ืœื”ืœื•ื•ืื”.
02:32
But if these people are only offered very high interest rates,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ืฆื™ืขื• ืจืง ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“,
02:37
we might say that the lenders are profiteering.
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืžืœื•ื•ื™ื ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื.
02:42
Let's take a look at that one more time.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช.
02:51
Let's have our next headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•.
02:52
This one comes from The Independent:
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืคื ื“ื ื˜:
03:03
ย  So 'bumper profits' first.
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ืื– ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ 'ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื™ื'.
03:05
'Bumper profits' just means 'really huge profits'.
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'ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืืžืคืจ' ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ 'ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืฆื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืืžืช'.
03:08
But we're looking at the expression 'laughing all the way to the bank'.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ 'ืฆื•ื—ืง ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื ืง'.
03:13
It's a set expression, and
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ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ,
03:15
it's very descriptive.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืชื™ืื•ืจื™.
03:17
Yeah, I mean, clearly, if you're laughing,
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ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืจื•ืจ, ืื ืืชื” ืฆื•ื—ืง,
03:18
you're happy, right? Yes, you think so.
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ืืชื” ืฉืžื—, ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื›ืŸ.
03:21
And if you have just made a lot of money,
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ื•ืื ื–ื” ืขืชื” ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ,
03:24
and also you need to take it somewhere safe to store it -
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ื•ื’ื ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื—ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืงื•ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื—ืกืŸ ืื•ืชื• -
03:27
probably a bank.
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ื›ื ืจืื” ื‘ื ืง.
03:28
Yep. And nowadays,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื•,
03:30
you probably wouldn't literally take a huge pile of money
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ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืขืจื™ืžื” ืขื ืงื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืกืฃ
03:33
while laughing down to the bank.
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ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืฆื—ื•ืง ืœื‘ื ืง.
03:36
But it's a nice image, isn't it?
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ื ื—ืžื“ื”, ืœื?
03:37
It is. But it's not just about making money, is it?
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ื–ื”. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ื›ืกืฃ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:42
No, it's not. There's also a sense with this expression that
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ืœื ื–ื” ืœื. ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”
03:45
it was very easy to make the money, and because it was so easy -
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืงืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ, ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืœ -
03:50
then perhaps it wasn't fair. As an example, if I sold my car
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ืื– ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื•ื’ืŸ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ืื ืžื›ืจืชื™ ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœื™
03:57
for much more than it was worth, and the person who bought it
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ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื•ื”, ื•ืžื™ ืฉืงื ื” โ€‹โ€‹ืื•ืชื•
04:00
didn't ask any questions - didn't ask me for a discount.
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ืœื ืฉืืœ ืฉื•ื ืฉืืœื” - ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžืžื ื™ ื”ื ื—ื”.
04:04
Yep. Then you'd be laughing all the way to the bank.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืช ืฆื•ื—ืง ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื ืง.
04:07
Yep. And I was laughing all the way to the bank.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ืฆื—ืงืชื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื ืง.
04:09
Yep. But that didn't happen, right?
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืงืจื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
04:11
No. I would never do such a thing.
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ืœื. ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื–ื”.
04:14
Let's take another look at that.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
04:23
Let's have a look at our next headline, please.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื• , ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
04:25
This one comes from the Financial Times:
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ื–ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื”ืคื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก:
04:35
We are looking at 'shatter'.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ 'ื”ืชื ืคืฆื•ืช'.
04:36
I know what 'shatter' means, Beth.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ 'ืœื”ืชื ืคืฅ', ื‘ืช'.
04:38
If you drop a glass on the floor,
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ืื ืžืคื™ืœื™ื ื›ื•ืก ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆืคื”,
04:40
it shatters. If you throw a brick through a window, the
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ื”ื™ื ืžืชื ืคืฆืช. ืื ืืชื” ื–ื•ืจืง ืœื‘ื ื” ื“ืจืš ื—ืœื•ืŸ,
04:43
glass shatters. You're right.
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ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ืžืชื ืคืฆืช. ืืชื” ืฆื•ื“ืง.
04:46
And when the glass breaks, it shatters into lots of tiny little pieces.
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื›ื•ืก ื ืฉื‘ืจืช, ื”ื™ื ืžืชื ืคืฆืช ืœื”ืžื•ืŸ ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช.
04:51
So, it's quite dramatic and possibly spectacular.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืžืจื”ื™ื‘.
04:55
And that's the sense here.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื›ืืŸ.
04:56
If you break a record in a big way, we can say you shattered the record.
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ืื ืชืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื‘ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื™ืคืฆืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื.
05:02
But it's not just records that you can shatter.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื ืจืง ืฉื™ืื™ื ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื ืคืฅ.
05:05
No, you can also have your dreams shattered.
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ืœื, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœื ืคืฅ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœืš.
05:08
Now, Neil. Have you ever had your dreams shattered?
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื ื™ืœ. ื”ืื ืื™ ืคืขื ื”ืชื ืคืฆื• ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืชื™ืš?
05:11
Well, when I was growing up,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™,
05:13
I always wanted to play football and cricket for England,
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ืชืžื™ื“ ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืฉื—ืง ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ ื•ืงืจื™ืงื˜ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ื’ืœื™ื”,
05:16
And were your dreams shattered because of injury?
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ื•ื”ืื ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื”ืชื ืคืฆื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืคืฆื™ืขื”?
05:20
No. I just realised I wasn't good enough.
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ืœื. ืจืง ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ื˜ื•ื‘.
05:22
Oh dear. Well, don't give up.
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ืื•ื™ ืœื. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืœ ืชื•ื•ืชืจ.
05:25
Let's look at that again.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
05:33
We've had 'profiteering' - making a lot of money unfairly.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช' - ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื ืช.
05:36
'Laughing all the way to the bank' - again,
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'ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื ืง' - ืฉื•ื‘,
05:40
making a lot of money, but easily.
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ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืงืœื•ืช.
05:43
Possibly also unfairly
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ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื ืช
05:45
And 'shatter' - break something dramatically.
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ื•'ืœื”ืชื ืคืฅ' - ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ืช.
05:49
Don't forget to try the quiz on our website
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ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื— ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœื ื•
05:51
www.bbclearningenglish.com Thank you for joining us,
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www.bbclearningenglish.com ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื•,
05:54
and goodbye. Bye.
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ื•ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช. ื‘ื™ื™.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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