Trump to launch new social media platform: BBC News Review

68,765 views ใƒป 2021-10-26

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
Former president Donald Trump has announced plans
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข โ€‹โ€‹ืขืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช
00:04
to launch his own social media network.
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ืœื”ืฉื™ืง ืจืฉืช ืžื“ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืžืฉืœื•.
00:07
Hello, I'm Rob and welcome to BBC News Review.
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ืฉืœื•ื, ืื ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื•ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื‘ื ืœ- BBC News Review.
00:11
And joining me today is Neil. Hello Neil.
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ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื™ ื ื™ืœ. ืฉืœื•ื ื ื™ืœ.
00:14
Hi Rob. Hello everybody.
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ื”ื™ื™ ืจื•ื‘. ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื.
00:15
If you would like to test yourself on the vocabulary
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ืื ืชืจืฆื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื
00:18
you learn in this programme, there's a quiz on our website
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ืฉืืชื” ืœื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•, ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•
00:21
at bbclearningenglish.com.
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ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช bbclearningenglish.com.
00:24
But now, let's hear more about that story from this BBC News report:
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉืžืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”-BBC:
00:52
So, Donald Trump, the former president,
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ืื–, ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค, ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ,
00:54
has decided to launch his own social media network called Truth Social.
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ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ืฉื™ืง ืจืฉืช ืžื“ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืžืฉืœื• ื‘ืฉื Truth Social.
01:01
Now, as we know, social media was crucial
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ื›ืขืช, ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช
01:04
to Donald Trump's campaign to become president and then,
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ืœืžืกืข ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื ื•ืื–,
01:09
whilst he was president, Twitter was his favourite way
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ืฉื™ื, ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืคืช ืขืœื™ื•
01:13
of getting his messages out to his followers.
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ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืœืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื•.
01:17
But, he was banned from Twitter and other social media platforms
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ืื‘ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื ืืกืจ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ ื•ืœืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช
01:22
after the events on Capitol Hill in Washington
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืคื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื‘ื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ
01:25
after the last election earlier on this year.
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืฉื ื”.
01:29
Now, he says he's going to launch a new network
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ื›ืขืช, ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืฉื™ืง ืจืฉืช ื—ื“ืฉื”
01:32
so that he can get his voice out there
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืžื™ืข ืืช ืงื•ืœื•
01:34
and so he can challenge the big technology companies.
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ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืืชื’ืจ ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
01:37
Yes, and we've got three words and expressions that you can use
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ื›ืŸ, ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื
01:42
to talk about this story, haven't we?
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืœื?
01:45
We have. They are: 'silenced', 'big tech' and 'take on'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื•. ื”ื: 'ืžื•ืฉืชืง', 'ื‘ื™ื’ ื˜ืง' ื•'ืงื— ืขืœ'.
01:52
That's 'silenced', 'big tech' and 'take on'.
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ื–ื” 'ืžื•ืฉืชืง', 'ื‘ื™ื’ ื˜ืง' ื•'ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•'.
01:55
OK. Well, one of those words appears in your first headline.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื—ืช ืžื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœืš.
01:59
What is that headline please, Neil?
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ืžื” ื–ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื ื™ืœ?
02:01
Yes, it does. So, the headline is from Sky News
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ื›ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืŸ. ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื™ื ืžืกืงื™ื™ ื ื™ื•ื–
02:05
in the UK and it reads:
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ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”:
02:17
'Silenced' โ€“ that's prevented from speaking.
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'ืžื•ืฉืชืง' - ื–ื” ืžื ื•ืข ืžืœื“ื‘ืจ.
02:21
Yes. 'Silenced', spelt S-I-L-E-N-C-E-D.
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ื›ืŸ. 'ืžื•ืฉืชืง', ื›ืชื™ื‘ S-I-L-E-N-C-E-D.
02:28
Now, people probably recognise the word in the middle there,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ื ืจืื” ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข,
02:31
which is a noun: 'silence'. What's 'silence'?
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื ืขืฆื: 'ืฉืชื™ืงื”'. ืžื” ื–ื” 'ืฉืชื™ืงื”'?
02:37
Well, 'silence' is when there's no noise.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, 'ืฉืชื™ืงื”' ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉืื™ืŸ ืจืขืฉ.
02:39
Sometimes it's a beautiful sound, absolute 'silence'.
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ืฆืœื™ืœ ื™ืคื”ืคื”, 'ืฉืงื˜' ืžื•ื—ืœื˜.
02:42
Yeah, 'silence' is the absence of any sound
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ื›ืŸ, 'ืฉืชื™ืงื”' ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื›ืœ ืฆืœื™ืœ ื•ืชื•ืืจ
02:46
and the adjective... adjective there is 'silent', but...
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... ืฉื ืชื•ืืจ ื™ืฉ 'ืฉืงื˜', ืื‘ืœ...
02:50
A bit like the Christmas carol, 'Silent Night'.
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ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ืžื–ืžื•ืจ ื—ื’ ื”ืžื•ืœื“, 'ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืงื˜'.
02:53
That's right, yes. But, we can also use this as a verb:
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื’ื ื›ืคื•ืขืœ:
02:58
to 'silence' someone.
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'ืœื”ืฉืชื™ืง' ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
03:01
'To silence someone': that means to make someone silent โ€“
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'ืœื”ืฉืชื™ืง ืžื™ืฉื”ื•': ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœืฉืชื•ืง -
03:04
to stop them from making noise or speaking
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ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืžื ื• ืœื”ืจืขื™ืฉ ืื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ
03:07
or expressing their opinion.
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ืื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืืช ื“ืขืชื•.
03:10
So, here you don't have any choice in being silent;
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ืื–, ื›ืืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื‘ืจื™ืจื” ืœืฉืชื•ืง;
03:13
you're... you're being made to be silent.
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ืืชื”... ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืš ืœืฉืชื•ืง.
03:15
That's right, yes. So, clearly in this headline
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืŸ. ืื– ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื•
03:19
Donald Trump is saying that he wants to say things
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ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
03:22
and the networks aren't letting him,
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ื•ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืœื ื ื•ืชื ื•ืช ืœื•,
03:24
so he feels as if he has been 'silenced' โ€“
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื 'ื”ื•ืฉืชืง' -
03:27
that they have made him silent.
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ืฉื’ืจืžื• ืœื• ืœืฉืชื•ืง.
03:31
And it's quite a formal word to use, isn't it, when you're 'silenced'?
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ื•ื–ื• ืžื™ืœื” ื“ื™ ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”, ืœื, ื›ืฉืืชื” 'ืžื•ืฉืชืง'?
03:35
Yeah, we use this to talk about serious things, really.
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ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจืฆื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื‘ืืžืช.
03:39
So, opinions that are being prevented from being expressed
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ืื–, ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉื ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืœื”ื‘ื™ืข
03:47
and that type of thing.
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ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”.
03:50
We don't use it, for example โ€“
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื”, ืœืžืฉืœ -
03:53
you've got children haven't you, Rob?
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ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืจื•ื‘?
03:56
Yeah.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ.
03:57
Yeah, and probably they make noise from time to time.
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ื›ืŸ, ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืขืฉ ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื.
04:00
You wouldn't say that you 'silenced' them;
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืื•ืžืจ ืฉ'ื”ืฉืชืงืช' ืื•ืชื;
04:02
you would say that you 'asked them to be quiet'
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ื”ื™ื™ืช ืื•ืžืจ ืฉ'ื‘ื™ืงืฉืช ืžื”ื ืœืฉืชื•ืง'
04:06
or something โ€“ something a bit harsher if you were bit angry.
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ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• - ืžืฉื”ื• ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื” ืื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืงืฆืช ื›ื•ืขืก.
04:10
I'd say: 'Keep the noise down,' yes โ€“ 'be quiet.'
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ: 'ืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขืฉ', ื›ืŸ - 'ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืงื˜'.
04:12
But, yes, I wouldn't say: 'I am silencing you!'
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ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ: 'ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชื™ืง ืื•ืชืš!'
04:15
Yeah and we wouldn't say they you 'silenced' your children;
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ื›ืŸ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื 'ื”ืฉืชืงืช' ืืช ื™ืœื“ื™ืš;
04:18
we'd just say you asked them to be quiet.
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจืง ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืงืฉืช ืžื”ื ืœืฉืชื•ืง.
04:20
So, 'silenced' โ€“ quite... quite formal and serious sounding.
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ืื–, 'ืžื•ืฉืชืง' - ื“ื™... ื ืฉืžืข ืจืฉืžื™ ื•ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ืœืžื“ื™.
04:26
OK. Well, let's have a summary of that word:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื•:
04:36
OK. We've talked a lot about Donald Trump here on News Review
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค ื›ืืŸ ื‘-News Review
04:40
and earlier this year we did a story about when he was acquitted.
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ื•ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืฉื ื” ืขืฉื™ื ื• ื›ืชื‘ื” ืขืœ ืžืชื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ื•ื›ื”.
04:44
Now, the former president, of course,
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ื›ืขืช, ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
04:46
had been found not guilty of inciting insurrection
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ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืืฉื ื‘ื”ืกืชื” ืœื”ืชืงื•ืžืžื•ืช
04:50
at the US Capitol back in January.
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ื‘ืงืคื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ.
04:53
If you want a reminder of that story, where can people find it, Neil?
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ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”, ืื™ืคื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื•ืชื•, ื ื™ืœ?
04:57
All our audience has to do is click on the link below.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ืงื”ืœ ืฉืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”.
05:01
Down below. Brilliant. OK.
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ืฉื ืœืžื˜ื”. ืžึทื‘ืจึดื™ืง. ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
05:03
Let's have a look at your next headline please.
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ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœืš.
05:06
The next headline is from the Mail Online,
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ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ื”ื™ื ืžื”- Mail Online,
05:09
again in the UK, and it reads:
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ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช:
05:27
So, this is: 'big tech' โ€“ large technology companies.
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ืื–, ื–ื”: 'ื‘ื™ื’ ื˜ืง' - ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
05:32
That's right. Made up of two words: 'big', B-I-G, and 'tech', T-E-C-H.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉืชื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื: 'ื’ื“ื•ืœ', B-I-G ื•-'tech', T-E-C-H.
05:39
OK. So, 'big tech': we're talking about big TVs, aren't we?
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, 'ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”': ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช, ืœื?
05:43
Big game consoles? Big technology...?
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ืงื•ื ืกื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื—ืง ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช? ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”...?
05:46
Well, I understand why you think that Rob, but you are not correct.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื–ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ืœื ืฆื•ื“ืง.
05:52
I know you like to have a big TV to watch football matches
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ,
05:55
but this is not about the size of gadgets
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ื’ืื“ื’'ื˜ื™ื
05:59
or individual pieces of technology;
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ืื• ืคื™ืกื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื•ืช; ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ
06:01
it's about the technology companies and their size,
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ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
06:06
and by size we mean their economic power,
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ื•ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
06:10
the number of employees they have, their influence โ€“ that type of thing,
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ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ, ืœื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ - ืกื•ื’ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
06:16
which of course is 'big'.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ 'ื’ื“ื•ืœ'.
06:17
And is this all technology companies we're talking about?
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ื•ื”ืื ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ?
06:21
We're talking about the big four or...
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืข ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืื•...
06:23
big four or five.
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ืืจื‘ืข ืื• ื—ืžืฉ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
06:25
So, we're talking about Apple, Google, Microsoft, Facebook, Twitter โ€“
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืืคืœ, ื’ื•ื’ืœ, ืžื™ืงืจื•ืกื•ืคื˜, ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง, ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ -
06:30
companies like these.
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ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืืœื”.
06:33
These are well known brands, aren't they, around the world?
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ืืœื” ืžื•ืชื’ื™ื ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื, ืœื, ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื?
06:36
That's right, yeah. Also known as the 'tech giants',
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืŸ. ื™ื“ื•ืข ื’ื ื‘ืฉื 'ืขื ืงื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”',
06:40
or the 'big four' or 'big five',
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ืื• 'ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื' ืื• 'ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื',
06:43
and all of those expressions have 'big' or 'giant',
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ื•ืœื›ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ื™ืฉ 'ื’ื“ื•ืœ' ืื• 'ืขื ืง',
06:47
again referring to the size of these companies.
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ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
06:51
And we use the word 'tech', not 'technology'.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื” 'ื˜ืง', ืœื 'ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”'.
06:54
That's right. 'Tech' is a common short form of the word 'technology'.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. 'ื˜ืง' ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืจื” ืงืฆืจื” ื ืคื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”'.
06:59
Technology is a big word, so we shorten it just to 'tech'
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ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืœื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืจืง ืœ'ื˜ืง'
07:04
and it refers to these companies but also,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืื‘ืœ ื’ื,
07:07
as you were saying at the beginning there, Rob,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืช ืฉื ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”, ืจื•ื‘,
07:09
individual gadgets โ€“ pieces of technology.
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ื’ืื“ื’'ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื - ืคื™ืกื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
07:14
And I know somebody who does like their technology:
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื›ืŸ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื”ื:
07:16
that's Roy, isn't it? He loves 'tech'.
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ื–ื” ืจื•ื™, ืœื? ื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ "ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”".
07:18
'He loves his tech,' as we say.
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'ื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื•', ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื.
07:22
Would you describe him as 'a techie'?
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ื”ืื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืชืืจ ืื•ืชื• ื›"ื˜ื›ื ืื™"?
07:25
Possibly. He could be a bit 'techie', in that he loves the technology,
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ื™ึดืชึธื›ึตืŸ. ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฆืช 'ื˜ื›ื ื™', ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
07:29
he likes to know how it works and he likes to use it as well.
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ื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ืื™ืš ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื” ื’ื ื›ืŸ.
07:33
Yeah. So, that is an expression โ€“
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื–, ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ -
07:35
that's a word that we use to describe somebody
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ื–ื• ืžื™ืœื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืืจ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
07:38
who really likes their technology or who works in technology.
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ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื• ืื• ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”.
07:42
So, if somebody is an engineer of some kind, involved in technology,
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ืื– ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืžืกื•ื’ ื›ืœืฉื”ื•, โ€‹โ€‹ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
07:47
we can call them 'a techie'.
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื• 'ื˜ื›ื ืื™'.
07:50
They like the small details, don't they, sometimes in the technology?
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ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ืœื , ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”?
07:53
That's another way, perhaps a bit negative,
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ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ื ื•ืกืคืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืงืฆืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ืช,
07:55
that we might call somebody 'a techie'.
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ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• 'ื˜ื›ื ืื™'.
07:58
Yes, it's not always a nice thing to say about someone โ€“
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื—ืžื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• -
08:02
to describe them as 'a techie' โ€“ slightly, kind of, nerdy feel to it.
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ืœืชืืจ ืื•ืชื• ื›"ื˜ื›ื ืื™" - ืงืฆืช, ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื—ื ื•ืŸ.
08:08
Mmm. But we're being nice about Roy here of course.
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ืžืžืž. ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืจื•ื™ ื›ืืŸ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
08:10
Always.
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ืชืžื™ื“.
08:11
Great. Well, let's have a summary of that word:
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ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื•:
08:21
So, there we were talking about 'big tech' โ€“ big companies โ€“
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ืื–, ืฉื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ 'ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”' - ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช -
08:25
and we have a series of videos on our website and on YouTube now,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื•ื‘-YouTube ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
08:29
all about big business and multinationals and international law,
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ื”ื›ืœ ืขืœ ืขืกืงื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืจื‘ ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™,
08:35
and the most recent video is about the future of companies.
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ื•ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช.
08:39
Multinational companies are getting bigger and bigger.
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ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื•ื’ื“ืœื•ืช.
08:42
What does the future hold?
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ืžื” ืฆื•ืคืŸ ื”ืขืชื™ื“?
08:43
Well, how can we find out the answer to that question, Neil?
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ื•, ื ื™ืœ?
08:47
Well, to watch this fascinating video and series,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืกื“ืจื” ื”ืžืจืชืงื™ื ื”ืืœื” ,
08:49
you just need to click on the link below.
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ืืชื” ืจืง ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”.
08:53
Yeah, down below. Thank you.
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ื›ืŸ, ืœืžื˜ื”. ืชื•ื“ื”.
08:54
Right, let's have a look at your next headline please.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœืš.
08:59
Next headline comes from the Bloomberg website and it reads:
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ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืืชืจ ื‘ืœื•ืžื‘ืจื’ ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”:
09:17
ย  'Take on' โ€“ compete against someone.
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'ืงื— ืขืœ' - ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืžื•ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
09:20
'Take on' โ€“ spelt T-A-K-E and then a separate word 'on' โ€“
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'ืงื— ืขืœ' โ€“ ืžืื•ื™ืช ืช-ื-ืง-ื” ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžื™ืœื” ื ืคืจื“ืช 'ืขืœ' โ€“
09:26
is a phrasal verb. Now, as we know with phrasal verbs,
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ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™. ื›ืขืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขื ืคืขืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื™ื,
09:30
they can have many different meanings that aren't really connected,
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช,
09:33
or don't seem to be connected to each other obviously.
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ืื• ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ื–ื• ืœื–ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ.
09:37
For example, if you run a company and you want to hire somebody
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ืืชื” ืžื ื”ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
09:41
we 'take them on'.
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ืื ื—ื ื• 'ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืื•ืชื•'.
09:43
How else is 'take on' used, Rob?
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ืื™ืš ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘'ืงื— ืขืœ', ืจื•ื‘?
09:47
Some people 'take on' the characteristics of someone else.
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ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉ'ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื' ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
09:50
So, when they start looking like somebody else
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ืื–, ื›ืฉื”ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ
09:53
or acting like somebody else, we say:
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ืื• ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’ ื›ืžื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื:
09:55
'They're taking on the appearance of somebody else.'
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'ื”ื ืœื•ื‘ืฉื™ื ืžืจืื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ'.
09:58
So, they're just a couple of examples,
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ืื–, ื”ืŸ ืจืง ื›ืžื” ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช,
09:59
but here, in this headline, 'take on' has a different meaning:
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื•, ืœ'ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•' ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืื—ืจืช:
10:03
it means challenge, compete with someone.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืืชื’ืจ, ืœื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
10:10
Is it about fighting? I don't... I like a good fight.
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ื”ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื—ื™ืžื”? ืื ื™ ืœื... ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืงืจื‘ ื˜ื•ื‘.
10:12
I'm going to 'take on' someone.
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ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš 'ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™' ืžื™ืฉื”ื•. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื—ื™ืžื”
10:13
It is about fighting, both...
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, ื’ื...
10:15
both literally and also figuratively. So...
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ื’ื ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช ื•ื’ื ืคื™ื’ื•ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืื–...
10:21
So, is Donald Trump... is Donald Trump going to have a fight then?
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ืื– ื”ืื ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค... ื”ืื ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืจื™ื‘ ืื–?
10:23
I don't think he'll be having a physical fight,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืงืจื‘ ืคื™ื–ื™,
10:25
but he is going to have a challenge, a struggle,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื• ืืชื’ืจ, ืžืื‘ืง,
10:29
a competition with these companies that already exist,
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ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช,
10:33
in order to try and defeat them.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืก ืื•ืชืŸ.
10:37
And so we see this use of 'take on' very often in the sporting world.
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ื•ื›ืš ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื‘'ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ' ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜.
10:43
We can talk about, for example,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ, ืœืžืฉืœ,
10:45
Manchester United are going to 'take on' Real Madrid in the Champions League,
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ืžื ืฆ'ืกื˜ืจ ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื˜ื“ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช 'ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“' ืขื ืจื™ืืœ ืžื“ืจื™ื“ ื‘ืœื™ื’ืช ื”ืืœื•ืคื•ืช,
10:51
or you mentioned you like fighting โ€“
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ืื• ืฉืฆื™ื™ื ืช ืฉืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื -
10:54
can be used to describe boxing matches.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืืจ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ืื’ืจื•ืฃ.
10:59
Yes, like Tyson Fury 'took on' Deontay Wilder a few weeks ago.
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ื›ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ื˜ื™ื™ืกื•ืŸ ืคื™ื•ืจื™ 'ืœืงื— ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•' ืืช ื“ื™ื•ื ื˜ืื™ ื•ื™ื™ืœื“ืจ ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช.
11:04
So, yes, thatโ€ฆ that meaning of 'take on' is connected to competition.
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ืื–, ื›ืŸ, ืฉ... ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•' ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืชื—ืจื•ืช.
11:11
Yeah. So, there's an element of competition,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื–, ื™ืฉ ืืœืžื ื˜ ืฉืœ ืชื—ืจื•ืช,
11:13
but it's quite a big competition: we wouldn't use it
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื“ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”: ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”
11:15
on a, kind of, small-scale fight or challenge, would we?
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ื‘ืžืื‘ืง ืื• ืืชื’ืจ ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืงื˜ืŸ, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
11:19
No, unless we were being, kind of, slightly jokey โ€“
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ืœื, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื•, ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ, ืงืฆืช ืฆื•ื—ืงื™ื -
11:22
having... having a laugh.
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ืฆื—ืงื ื•.
11:24
For example, we know, Rob, we know that you are undoubtedly
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืจื•ื‘, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืืชื” ืœืœื ืกืคืง
11:28
the biscuit-eating champion at BBC Learning English,
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ืืœื•ืฃ ืื›ื™ืœืช ื‘ื™ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘-BBC Learning English,
11:31
but Roy has decided that he's going to 'take you on' and try to...
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ืื‘ืœ ืจื•ื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉื”ื•ื 'ื™ื™ืงื— ืื•ืชืš' ื•ื™ื ืกื”...
11:38
try to eat more than you.
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ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืš.
11:40
Do you think he can do it?
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ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”?
11:42
He won't win. I mean, I know where I hide the biscuits of course,
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื ืฆื—. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืคื” ืื ื™ ืžื—ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืกืงื•ื•ื™ื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ,
11:45
so he's going to lose, I think.
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ืคืกื™ื“, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘.
11:48
But, yeah, come on. Come on, Roy โ€“ 'take me on'!
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ืื‘ืœ, ื›ืŸ, ืงื“ื™ืžื”. ืงื“ื™ืžื”, ืจื•ืขื™ โ€“ 'ืงื— ืื•ืชื™'!
11:53
OK. Great.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
11:55
Well, let's have a summary of that expression:
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”:
12:06
OK. It's time now to have a recap of those three words and expressions
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื“ื ื• ื‘ื”ื
12:10
that we discussed today. What are they please, Neil?
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ื”ื™ื•ื. ืžื” ื”ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื ื™ืœ?
12:12
We have 'silenced' โ€“ prevented from speaking.
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"ื”ืฉืชืงื ื•" - ืžื ืขื ื• ืžืœื“ื‘ืจ.
12:16
'Big tech' โ€“ large technology companies.
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'ื‘ื™ื’ ื˜ืง' โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
12:19
'Take on' โ€“ compete against someone.
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'ืงื— ืขืœ' - ืœื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•.
12:24
Great. And just a reminder โ€“ you can test yourself on the understanding
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ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ื•ืจืง ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช - ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื ืช
12:28
of this vocabulary in a quiz that's on our website
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ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•
12:31
at bbclearningenglish.com.
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ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช bbclearningenglish.com.
12:34
And don't forget โ€“ you can check us out on all the big social media websites,
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ื•ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื— - ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื•ืชื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืืชืจื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
12:39
but not Donald Trump's one yet, I don't think. OK.
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื•ื ืœื“ ื˜ืจืืžืค, ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘. ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
12:42
That's all we have time for today.
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ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื•ื.
12:43
Do join us again next week. Bye for now.
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ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื‘ื. ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื.
12:46
Goodbye.
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ื”ึฑื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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