Remembering Desmond Tutu - 6 Minute English

18,080 views ใƒป 2022-04-28

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:02
Hello.
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ืฉืœื•ื.
00:08
This is 6 Minute English
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช
00:10
from BBC Learning English.
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ืžื‘ื™ืช BBC Learning English.
00:11
I'm Sam.
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ืื ื™ ืกืื.
00:12
And I'm Neil.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ.
00:13
In this 6 Minute English, we're
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ื‘-6 ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ื–ื•, ืื ื•
00:15
celebrating the life of one of
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ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืื‘ื•ืช
00:16
modern South Africa's founding
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ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช
00:18
fathers - the icon and Nobel
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- ื”ืกืžืœ ื•ื—ืชืŸ ืคืจืก ื ื•ื‘ืœ
00:20
laureate, Archbishop
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, ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ
00:22
Desmond Tutu.
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ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื˜ื•ื˜ื•.
00:24
Archbishop Tutu was one the
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ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื” ืื—ื“
00:25
leaders of the non-violent
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ืžืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืœื ืืœื™ืžื”
00:27
movement to end the system
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ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ืช
00:28
of racial segregation known
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ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ื’ื–ืขื™ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื”
00:30
as apartheid.
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ืืคืจื˜ื”ื™ื™ื“.
00:31
Apartheid was
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ื”ืืคืจื˜ื”ื™ื™ื“
00:32
enforced against the black
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ื ืื›ืฃ ื ื’ื“
00:33
population of South Africa
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ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉื—ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”
00:35
by the white minority
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ืœื‘ืŸ
00:36
government from 1948
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ืžืฉื ืช 1948
00:39
until 1991.
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ืขื“ 1991.
00:40
It's impossible to imagine
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ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืกืข
00:42
South Africa's difficult
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ื”ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”
00:43
journey to freedom without
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ืœื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืœื
00:45
Archbishop Desmond Tutu.
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ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื˜ื•ื˜ื•.
00:47
While other anti-apartheid
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื ื’ื“ ื”ืืคืจื˜ื”ื™ื™ื“
00:48
leaders, like his close
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, ื›ืžื•
00:49
friend Nelson Mandela,
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ื—ื‘ืจื• ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ื ืœืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื“ืœื”,
00:51
were imprisoned or even
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ื ื›ืœืื• ืื• ืืคื™ืœื•
00:52
killed, Archbishop Tutu
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ื ื”ืจื’ื•, ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ื˜ื•
00:54
was there at every step
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘
00:55
of the struggle - the
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ื‘ืžืื‘ืง -
00:56
rebellious priest
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ื”ื›ื•ืžืจ ื”ืžื•ืจื“
00:57
speaking out against
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ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจ ื ื’ื“
00:58
the injustices of apartheid.
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ืขื•ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืืคืจื˜ื”ื™ื™ื“.
01:01
Archbishop Tutu was a hero
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ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื” ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ
01:02
of the 20th century.
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ื”ืžืื” ื”-20.
01:04
He died in December 2021
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ื”ื•ื ืžืช ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2021
01:05
and was laid to rest in
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ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื ืœืžื ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ื™ืคื˜ืื•ืŸ
01:07
Cape Town in a state
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01:09
funeral on New Year's Day.
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ื‘ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื” ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื”.
01:11
In this programme, we'll
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•,
01:12
hear about some important
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ื ืฉืžืข ืขืœ ื›ืžื”
01:13
moments from his life and,
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ืจื’ืขื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื•,
01:15
as usual, learn some
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ื•ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ, ื ืœืžื“
01:16
related vocabulary as well.
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ื’ื ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจ.
01:18
But first I have a
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ืื‘ืœ ืงื•ื“ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™
01:19
question for you, Neil.
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ืฉืืœื” ืืœื™ืš, ื ื™ืœ.
01:21
Nelson Mandela was sometimes
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ื ืœืกื•ืŸ ืžื ื“ืœื” ื ืงืจื ืœืคืขืžื™ื
01:23
affectionately called by
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ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื”
01:24
his clan's name, Madiba,
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ื‘ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ื˜ ืฉืœื•, ืžื“ื™ื‘ื”,
01:26
but do you know what
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ื–ื”
01:28
nickname Archbishop Desmond
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ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืœืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“
01:30
Tutu was given?
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ื˜ื•ื˜ื•?
01:32
Was it:
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”:
01:33
a) The Des?
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ื) The Des?
01:34
b) The Bish?
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ื‘) ื”ื‘ื™ืฉ?
01:36
or
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ืื•
01:37
c) The Arch?
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ื’) ื”ืงืฉืช?
01:38
I don't know, but I'll guess
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžื ื—ืฉ
01:39
his nickname was c) the Arch.
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ืฉื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื” ื’) ื”ืงืฉืช.
01:41
OK, Neil.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื ื™ืœ.
01:43
We'll find out
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื’ืœื”
01:44
if that's the correct answer
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ืื ื–ื• ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”
01:45
at the end of the programme.
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช.
01:47
Desmond Mpilo Tutu was born
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ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ืžืคื™ืœื• ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ื ื•ืœื“
01:49
in 1931 in the town of
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ื‘-1931 ื‘ืขื™ื™ืจื”
01:51
Klerksdorp in northern
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ืงืœืจืงืกื“ื•ืจืค ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ
01:52
South Africa.
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ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
01:54
In this
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01:55
2014 interview with BBC
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ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืฉื ืช 2014
01:56
World Service programme,
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ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ BBC,
01:58
Outlook, he looks back
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Outlook, ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื›ืœ ืื—ื•ืจื”
01:59
on some of his earliest
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ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืžื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื•
02:00
childhood memories.
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.
02:02
I had a very happy
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื™ืœื“ื•ืช ืžืื•ืฉืจืช ืžืื•ื“
02:06
childhood.
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.
02:07
I am a boy
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ืื ื™
02:09
child between two girls.
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ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื‘ื ื•ืช.
02:12
My sisters sometimes
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ื”ืื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™
02:13
thought that our mother
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ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืฉืืžื ืฉืœื ื•
02:15
rather spoiled me,
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ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืคื™ื ืงื” ืื•ืชื™,
02:18
pampered me.
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ืคื™ื ืงื” ืื•ืชื™.
02:20
My mother
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ืืžื™
02:21
was not educated much
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ืœื ื”ืชื—ื ื›ื” ื”ืจื‘ื”
02:23
but she had an incredible
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”
02:27
loving for people and
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ืื”ื‘ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
02:31
was very generous.
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ื ื“ื™ื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“.
02:33
Part of my own
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ื—ืœืง
02:35
unhappiness was
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ืžื”ืื•ืžืœืœื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื”
02:37
precisely that anyone
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉื›ืœ ืื—ื“
02:39
could want to take
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืœื ืฆืœ ืื“ื
02:41
advantage of such a
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ื›ื”
02:42
gracious, gentle,
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ืื“ื™ื‘, ืขื“ื™ืŸ
02:44
generous person.
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ื•ื ื“ื™ื‘.
02:46
As a child, Desmond
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ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื•,
02:49
Tutu's mother would pamper
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ืืžื• ืฉืœ ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืคื ืงืช
02:50
him - give him special
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ืื•ืชื• - ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื•
02:52
treatment and make him
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ื™ื—ืก ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื•ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœื•
02:53
feel special by doing
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ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืขืฉืชื”
02:54
nice things for him.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื—ืžื“ื™ื.
02:56
He also says his mother
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ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืžื ืฉืœื•
02:57
spoiled him - let him
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ืคื™ื ืงื” ืื•ืชื• - ืชืŸ ืœื•
02:59
do or have whatever he
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื
03:01
wanted.
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ืจื•ืฆื”.
03:02
Spoiling a child
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ืœืงืœืงืœ ื™ืœื“
03:03
usually has a bad effect
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืจืขื”
03:04
on their character as
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ืขืœ ื”ืื•ืคื™ ืฉืœื• ื›ืฉื”ื
03:05
they grow up, but this
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ื’ื“ืœื™ื, ืื‘ืœ
03:07
doesn't seem to be
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ื ืจืื” ืฉื–ื” ืœื
03:08
true for Desmond Tutu.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื˜ื•ื˜ื•.
03:09
What upset the young
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ืžื” ืฉื”ืจื’ื™ื– ืืช
03:10
Desmond was how his
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ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืื™ืš
03:11
mother was treated by
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ืืžื• ื˜ื•ืคืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
03:12
some white South Africans
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ื›ืžื” ื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื
03:14
who would take advantage
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ืฉื™ื ืฆืœื•
03:15
of her - treat her
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ืื•ืชื” - ื ื”ื’ื• ื‘ื”
03:17
unfairly for their
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื ืช
03:18
own benefit.
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ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช.
03:19
In 1955 Desmond Tutu
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ื‘ืฉื ืช 1955 ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื˜ื•ื˜ื•
03:21
married his wife, Leah.
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ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืืฉืชื•, ืœืื”.
03:23
They had children and
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ื ื•ืœื“ื• ืœื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”
03:24
the family moved to
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ืขื‘ืจื”
03:25
London for a time,
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ืœืœื•ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช,
03:26
before returning to
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื—ื–ืจื” ืœื“ืจื•ื
03:27
South Africa when Desmond
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ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื›ืฉื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“
03:28
was made Dean of
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ืžื•ื ื” ืœื“ื™ืงืŸ ืฉืœ
03:30
Johannesburg.
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ื™ื•ื”ื ืกื‘ื•ืจื’.
03:31
He knew that returning
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ื”ื•ื ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ื—ื–ืจื”
03:32
to a racially segregated
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ืœื“ืจื•ื ืืคืจื™ืงื” ื”ืžื•ืคืจื“ืช ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ื–ืขื™ืช
03:33
South Africa would be
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ืชื”ื™ื”
03:34
difficult for his family.
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ืงืฉื” ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื•.
03:37
In this interview with
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ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช
03:38
BBC World Service
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ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”-BBC
03:39
programme, Outlook,
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, Outlook,
03:40
Archbishop Tutu remembers
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ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ื–ื•ื›ืจ
03:42
one terrifying incident
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ืชืงืจื™ืช ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
03:43
involving his wife, Leah,
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ืžืขื•ืจื‘ืช ืืฉืชื•, ืœืื”,
03:45
who had gone to the
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ืืฉืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžื—ืœืงืช
03:46
Johannesburg traffic
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ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื”ื ืกื‘ื•ืจื’
03:47
department to renew
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื“ืฉ
03:48
a car licence.
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ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืจื›ื‘.
03:50
... they handcuffed her,
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...ื›ื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืื–ื™ืงื™ื,
03:54
and they walked with
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ื•ื”ืœื›ื• ืื™ืชื”
03:55
her in the streets,
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ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช,
03:56
she was paraded, and
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ื”ืฆืขื“ื• ืื•ืชื”,
03:59
then when the court case
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ื•ืื– ื›ืฉื ื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืชื™ืง ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื–ื•ื›ืชื”
04:01
was heard my wife was
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ืืฉืชื™
04:03
acquitted - but they
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- ืื‘ืœ ื”ื
04:05
had done what they
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ืขืฉื• ืžื” ืฉื”ื
04:06
wanted to do which was
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ืจืฆื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื”
04:09
humiliate her, and in
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ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืœ ืื•ืชื”,
04:12
the process hit at me.
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ื•ื‘- ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืคื’ืข ื‘ื™.
04:14
I have to say that I
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ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช
04:16
found those actions
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ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
04:18
near unforgivable,
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืกืœื—ื™ื,
04:23
because I was the one
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื–ื”
04:24
who was out in the
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ืฉื”ื™ื”
04:26
forefront...
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ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืช...
04:28
although
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ืœืžืจื•ืช
04:29
Leah... she's a
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ืฉืœืื”... ื”ื™ื
04:30
toughie!
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ืงืฉื•ื—ื”!
04:33
Police officers arrested
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ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืขืฆืจื•
04:35
and handcuffed Leah
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ื•ืื–ืงื• ืืช ืœืื”
04:36
to humiliate her - make
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืœ ืื•ืชื” - ืœื’ืจื•ื
04:38
her feel ashamed
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ืœื” ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื•ืฉื”
04:39
and stupid.
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ื•ื˜ื™ืคืฉื”.
04:41
When she went to court,
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ื›ืฉืคื ืชื” ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜,
04:42
Leah was acquitted -
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ืœืื” ื–ื•ื›ืชื” ืžืืฉืžื” -
04:43
declared not guilty of
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ื”ื•ื›ืจื–ื” ื›ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืฉืžื”
04:44
committing a crime.
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคืฉืข.
04:46
But the police continued
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ืืœื ืฉื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื”
04:47
to harass her, even
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ืœื”ืฆื™ืง ืœื”,
04:48
though his wife was,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืืฉืชื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื”,
04:50
in his own words, a
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ื›ืœืฉื•ื ื•,
04:51
toughie - someone who
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ืงืฉื•ื—ื” -
04:52
is tough and determined.
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ืงืฉื•ื—ื” ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื”.
04:54
Archbishop Tutu describes
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ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ืžืชืืจ ืืช
04:56
the event as "near
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ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื›"ื›ืžืขื˜
04:57
unforgivable" but, in
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ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืกืœื—", ืื‘ืœ
04:59
fact, he did forgive
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื•ื ื›ืŸ ืกืœื—
05:01
the white police
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ืœืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื
05:02
officers, and in 1991,
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, ื•ื‘-1991,
05:04
at the end of apartheid,
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืืคืจื˜ื”ื™ื™ื“,
05:06
he started the Truth
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืืžืช
05:07
and Reconciliation
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ื•ื”ืคื™ื•ืก
05:08
Commission as a way
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ื›ื“ืจืš
05:09
of healing divisions
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ืœืจืคื ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช
05:10
between black and
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื—ื•ืจ ื•ืœื‘ืŸ.
05:12
white communities.
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ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช.
05:13
What an inspirational life!
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ืื™ื–ื” ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืขื•ืจืจื™ ื”ืฉืจืื”!
05:15
But we still don't
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื
05:16
know what his nickname
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ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœื•
05:17
was, Sam!
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, ืกืื!
05:18
Right, in my question
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืฉืืœืชื™
05:19
I asked Neil what
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืืช ื ื™ืœ ืžื” ื”ื›ื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ
05:20
Archbishop Desmond
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ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“
05:22
Tutu's nickname was.
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ื˜ื•ื˜ื•.
05:23
I guessed it was,
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ื ื™ื—ืฉืชื™ ืฉื–ื”,
05:24
The Arch.
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ื”ืงืฉืช.
05:25
Which was the correct
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ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
05:26
answer!
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”!
05:28
Affectionately
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05:29
known as The Arch,
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ื”ื™ื“ื•ืข ื‘ื—ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื ื”ืงืฉืช,
05:30
Desmond Tutu will be
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ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื˜ื•ื˜ื• ื™ื™ื–ื›ืจ
05:31
remembered as a man
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ื›ืื™ืฉ
05:32
of peace and forgiveness.
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ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืกืœื™ื—ื”.
05:33
Right, let's recap the
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกื›ื ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ
05:35
vocabulary we've
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ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื
05:36
learned in this programme,
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ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื•,
05:37
starting with pamper -
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ื”ื—ืœ ืžืคื™ื ื•ืง -
05:39
to give someone
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ืœืชืช ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื•
05:40
special treatment.
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ื™ื—ืก ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
05:41
If you spoil a child,
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ืื ืืชื ืžืคื ืงื™ื ื™ืœื“,
05:43
you let them do whatever
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ืืชื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื”
05:44
they want, but be careful
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ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืชื™ื–ื”ืจื•
05:45
because they might take
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื
05:46
advantage of you - treat
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ืœื ืฆืœ ืืชื›ื - ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืœื™ื›ื
05:48
you badly for their
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ืจืข
05:49
own benefit.
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ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืชื.
05:50
To humiliate someone
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ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
05:51
means to make them feel
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ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ
05:53
ashamed or stupid.
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ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืื• ื˜ื™ืคืฉ.
05:55
If you are acquitted of
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ืื ืืชื” ื–ื•ื›ื”
05:56
a crime, it is judged
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ืžืคืฉืข, ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืคื•ื˜
05:57
that you are not guilty.
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ืฉืืชื” ืœื ืืฉื.
05:59
And finally, a toughie
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืงืฉื•ื—ื”
06:00
is a slang word to
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ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืœืช ืกืœื ื’
06:02
describe someone, like
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ืœืชืืจ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•, ื›ืžื•
06:03
Archbishop Desmond Tutu
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ื”ืืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืฃ ื“ื–ืžื•ื ื“ ื˜ื•ื˜ื•
06:05
or his wife, Leah, who
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ืื• ืืฉืชื•, ืœืื”,
06:06
is tough and determined.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืงืฉื•ื—ื” ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉื”.
06:08
Once again, our six
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ืฉื•ื‘, ืฉืฉ
06:09
minutes are up.
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ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื ื’ืžืจื•.
06:11
Goodbye for now!
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ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื!
06:14
Bye!
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ื‘ื™ื™!
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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