Ukraine conflict continues: BBC News Review

174,156 views ใƒป 2022-03-01

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
The conflict in Ukraine continues.
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ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื‘ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื” ื ืžืฉืš.
00:03
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
00:07
I'm Rob and joining me to talk about the language
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื•ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคื” ืฉื‘ื”
00:10
being used in the headlines about this story
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ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”
00:13
is Roy. Hello Roy.
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ื”ื•ื ืจื•ื™. ืฉืœื•ื ืจื•ืขื™.
00:15
Hello Rob and hello everyone.
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ืฉืœื•ื ืจื•ื‘ ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื.
00:17
Now, Russia is continuing to attack Ukraine
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ื›ืขืช, ืจื•ืกื™ื” ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืœืชืงื•ืฃ ืืช ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”
00:21
after launching a devastating attack last week.
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืคืชื—ื” ื‘ืžืชืงืคื” ื”ืจืกื ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืขื‘ืจ.
00:25
Russian troops have taken over parts of Eastern Ukraine
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ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืจื•ืกื™ื ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืžื–ืจื— ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”
00:29
and are attempting to control the... the country's capital Kyiv
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ื•ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ืขืœ... ื‘ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื™ื™ื‘,
00:34
but Ukrainian forces are offering strong resistance.
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ืืš ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื™ื ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื”.
00:38
As the number of dead climbs,
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ืจื•ื’ื™ื ืขื•ืœื”,
00:40
President Putin stands accused of shattering peace in Europe.
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืคื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืืฉื ื‘ื”ืคืจืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
00:45
Yeah. Well, the situation is changing fast
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
00:48
but we're going to look at three words and expressions
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื
00:51
from current news headlines that can help you understand
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ืžื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืขื“ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
00:55
how the conflict is being reported in English.
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืกื•ืš ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
00:58
What are your three words and expressions, Roy?
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ืžื”ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ืจื•ืขื™?
01:01
We have 'spiral', 'free fall' and 'rising to'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื”', 'ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช' ื•'ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœ'.
01:07
That's 'spiral', 'free fall' and 'rising to'.
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ื–ื” 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื”', 'ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช' ื•'ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœ'.
01:11
OK. Let's have a look at your first news headline please.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœืš.
01:15
OK. So, our first headline comes from ReliefWeb and it reads:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืž-ReliefWeb ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช:
01:28
That's 'spiral' โ€” quickly become worse.
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ื–ื” 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื”' - ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ืคืš ื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:33
OK. So, 'spiral' is spelt S-P-I-R-A-L
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื”' ืžืื•ื™ืชืช S-P-I-R-A-L
01:39
and it is being used as a verb
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื›ืคื•ืขืœ
01:41
and it means to quickly become or get worse.
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ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ.
01:47
I've heard about this word 'spiral' in terms of a shape:
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ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื”' ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆื•ืจื”:
01:50
it's lots of circles together, isn't it?
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ื–ื” ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืขื™ื’ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“, ืœื?
01:55
That's correct. Now, let's talk about that idea of 'spiral' as a shape.
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื”' ื›ืฆื•ืจื”.
01:59
So, it's basically circles going round and round.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืขื’ืœื™ื ืฉืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืกื—ื•ืจ.
02:03
Now, we talk about it in terms of a 'spiral' staircase.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ืจื ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช 'ืœื•ืœื™ื™ื ื™'.
02:07
So, it's a staircase that you walk down and it goes round and round and round.
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ืื–, ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืฉืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžื˜ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ ืกื—ื•ืจ ื•ืกื™ื‘ื•ื‘. ื•ื™ืฉ
02:12
And we also have notebooks that have โ€” a 'spiral-bound' notebook โ€”
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ืœื ื• ื’ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ - ืžื—ื‘ืจืช 'ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืกืคื™ืจืœื”' -
02:16
that have these kind of metal circles that keep all of the pages together.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืขื™ื’ื•ืœื™ ืžืชื›ืช ืฉืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืคื™ื ื™ื—ื“.
02:21
That's the idea of a 'spiral' โ€”
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ื–ื” ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื”' -
02:23
or as an adjective: 'spiral' staircase, 'spiral-bound' book โ€”
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ืื• ื›ืฉื ืชื•ืืจ: ื’ืจื ืžื“ืจื’ื•ืช 'ืœื•ืœื™ื™ื ื™', ืกืคืจ 'ื›ืจื•ืš ืกืคื™ืจืœื”' -
02:27
but we're not talking about the shape in the headline.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช.
02:30
We're talking about a situation and if a situation 'spirals',
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืืฆื™ื” ื•ืื ืžืฆื‘ 'ืžืชื’ืœื’ืœ',
02:34
it means that it is getting worse very, very quickly.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ.
02:39
So, we can talk about prices 'spiralling',
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื 'ืžืชื’ืœื’ืœื™ื',
02:42
the price of oil 'spiralling'. It's getting worse.
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ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืคื˜ 'ืžืชื”ืคืš'. ื–ื” ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžื—ืžื™ืจ.
02:45
The situation is getting worse.
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ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ืžื—ืžื™ืจ.
02:47
Yeah. I mean, we'll talk about those prices in a second,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
02:50
but when we talk about a 'spiralling' situation โ€“
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื™' -
02:53
for example, an argument between two people.
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื.
02:56
If it gets worse and worse and worse,
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ืื ื–ื” ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ื•ืžื—ืžื™ืจ ื•ืžื—ืžื™ืจ,
02:58
the argument starts off small and it just becomes incredibly big,
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ื”ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืœื”ืคืœื™ื,
03:03
we can say it's 'spiralling' out of control.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื 'ื™ื•ืฆื' ืžื›ืœืœ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”.
03:05
It's getting worse and worse and worse.
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ื–ื” ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืจื•ืข ื•ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ืจื•ืข.
03:07
Now, you talked there about prices, the price of things.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื“ื™ื‘ืจืช ืฉื ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
03:11
When we talk about the price of things 'spiralling',
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉ'ืžืชื’ืœื’ืœื™ื',
03:14
we often mean that the price is increasing
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืคืขื ืฉื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื’ื“ืœ
03:18
and going up very, very rapidly.
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ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ.
03:20
So, you talked about the price of oil.
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ืื–, ื“ื™ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื ืคื˜.
03:22
Now, the situation is worse because things are more expensive
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ื›ืขืช, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืงืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:25
but the price 'spiralling', or 'spiralling' out of control,
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, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ' ื™ื•ืฆื' ืžื›ืœืœ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”,
03:28
means that it is becoming very expensive, very quickly.
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ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืชื™ื™ืงืจ ืžืื•ื“, ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“.
03:33
Thanks for that, Roy. Let's have a summary:
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”, ืจื•ืขื™. ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
03:44
Let's have a look at your second headline now please, Roy.
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ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœืš ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืจื•ืขื™.
03:47
OK. So, our second headline is from the Telegraph and it reads:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื ืžื”ื˜ืœื’ืจืฃ ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช:
03:59
That's 'free fall' โ€” uncontrolled drop in value or strength.
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ื–ื• 'ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช' - ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ื‘ืขืจืš ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืง.
04:04
OK. So, 'free fall' is commonly seen in dictionaries as two words:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืœื›ืŸ, 'ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช' ื ืชืคืกืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื ื™ื ื›ืฉืชื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื:
04:10
F-R-E-E.
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F-R-E-E.
04:12
Second word: F-A-L-L.
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ืžื™ืœื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื”: F-A-L-L.
04:14
But you will and you can see it in some cases as one word โ€”
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ืชืขืฉื” ื•ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื›ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช -
04:18
for example, in the headline โ€”
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช -
04:20
and it's commonly used as one word in the...
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช ื‘...
04:23
in the expression 'in freefall'.
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ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ 'ื‘ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช'.
04:26
And what it means is that something is falling very, very quickly
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ื•ืžื” ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืคืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ
04:31
or dropping very, very quickly without control.
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ืื• ื ื•ืคืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ ืœืœื ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”.
04:35
A literal meaning, I guess, would be somebody with a parachute:
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—, ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขื ืžืฆื ื—:
04:39
if they jumped out of an aeroplane with a parachute, they would drop down.
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ืื ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืงื•ืคืฆื™ื ืžืžื˜ื•ืก ืขื ืžืฆื ื—, ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ืœืžื˜ื”.
04:42
They would free-fall, wouldn't they?
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช, ืœื?
04:44
They would drop down, gravity pulling them down to the earth.
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ืžื˜ื”, ื›ื•ื— ื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ื” ืžื•ืฉืš ืื•ืชื ืืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
04:47
Yeah, commonly when you're talking about that,
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ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”,
04:49
it's before they open their parachute.
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ื–ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื ื— ืฉืœื”ื.
04:52
So, they don't open their parachute and they jump and they just fall โ€” free-fall:
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ืื–, ื”ื ืœื ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื ื— ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื”ื ืงื•ืคืฆื™ื ื•ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื•ืคืœื™ื - ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช:
04:56
there is nothing to stop them falling.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื ืœื™ืคื•ืœ.
04:58
When they open their parachute, they're no longer 'in free fall',
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืคื•ืชื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื ื— ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื 'ื‘ืฆื ื™ื—ื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช',
05:03
but we're not talking about the literal meaning of 'free fall' here;
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ 'ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช';
05:07
we're talking, sort of, more about prices and things like this,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ื‘ืขืจืš, ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”,
05:11
or in the case of the headline the economy in 'free fall'.
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ืื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื‘'ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช'.
05:15
It is dropping... the value of something is dropping very, very quickly.
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ื–ื” ื™ื•ืจื“... ื”ืขืจืš ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ืจื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ืžื”ืจ.
05:19
Sometimes we can say 'dropping like a stone' as well.
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ื’ื 'ื ื•ืคืœ ื›ืžื• ืื‘ืŸ'.
05:22
Yeah, commonly when you're talking about the value of something โ€”
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ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขืจืš ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• -
05:25
for example, stocks or shares.
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ืžื ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืžื ื™ื•ืช.
05:28
If... if shares on the stock market just fall very rapidly โ€”
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ืื... ืื ื”ืžื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืกื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืจื“ื•ืช ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ -
05:33
the value of them falls โ€” we can say it's 'dropping like a stone'
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ื”ืขืจืš ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื™ื•ืจื“ - ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” 'ื ื•ืคืœ ื›ืžื• ืื‘ืŸ'
05:35
because obviously a stone is very heavy and it drops,
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ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉืื‘ืŸ ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ื ื—ืช,
05:39
but we wouldn't normally say the 'economy is dropping like a stone';
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื 'ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฆื•ื ื—ืช ื›ืžื• ืื‘ืŸ';
05:42
it's normally for individual things.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื.
05:45
And just to clarify then, to 'free-fall':
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ื•ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืื–, ืœ'ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช':
05:48
it's kind of non-stop. It can't be stopped.
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืคืกืงื”. ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
05:51
Absolutely. There's noโ€ฆ there's nothing that you can do to stop it,
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ืื™ืŸ... ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”,
05:54
or that's the feeling โ€” that it's out of control.
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ืื• ืฉื–ื• ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” - ืฉื–ื” ื™ืฆื ืžืฉืœื™ื˜ื”.
05:56
The drop is just out of control and you can't stop it falling.
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ื”ื˜ื™ืคื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืฆืื” ืžืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชื” ืœื™ืคื•ืœ.
06:00
Yeah. OK. Thanks for that, Roy. Let's have a summary:
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืชื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”, ืจื•ืขื™. ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
06:11
OK. Roy, can we now have a look at your third headline please?
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืจื•ืขื™, ืืคืฉืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœืš ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”?
06:15
OK. So, our third headline comes from BBC News and it reads:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืž-BBC News ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”:
06:29
'Rising to' โ€” working hard to overcome a difficult situation.
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'ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœ' - ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืงืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืงืฉื”.
06:34
OK. So, this is 'rising to'.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื–ื” 'ืขื•ืœื” ืœ'.
06:37
It is a phrasal verb. First word: R-I-S-I-N-G.
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ื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™. ืžื™ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”: ืจ-ื™-ืฉ-ื™-ื -ื’.
06:41
Second word: 'to' โ€” T-O.
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ืžื™ืœื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื”: 'ืืœ' - T-O.
06:44
Now, if you 'rise to' somethingโ€ฆ if you 'rise to' something,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ืืชื 'ืขื•ืœื™ื' ืœืžืฉื”ื•... ืื ืืชื 'ืขื•ืœื™ื' ืœืžืฉื”ื•,
06:47
it basically means that you make a lot of effort to meet a challenge
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ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืืžืฅ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชื’ืจ
06:52
or a problem or a situation โ€” to overcome that situation.
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ืื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ืื• ืžืฆื‘ - ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
06:57
So, here we're talking about the Ukraine's president,
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ืื–, ื›ืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื”,
07:00
who used to be an actor and comedian.
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคืขื ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื•ืงื•ืžื™ืงืื™.
07:02
Now he's... he's working hard to protect the freedom of his country, I guess.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื•ื... ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืงืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ืืจืฆื•, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—.
07:07
Yeah. So, the moment that we're talking about โ€”
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื–, ื”ืจื’ืข ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื -
07:11
the 'rising to' the moment in this sense โ€”
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ื”'ืขืœื™ื™ื”' ืœืจื’ืข ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื” -
07:13
is the attack on Ukraine and we talk about...
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื”ืชืงืคื” ืขืœ ืื•ืงืจืื™ื ื” ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ...
07:18
Commonly we hear this expression 'rise to the challenge'.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” 'ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจ'.
07:22
So, it's doing something that you wouldn't normally do
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ืื–, ื–ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืขื•ืฉื”
07:26
to, kind of, overcome this situation.
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ื›ื“ื™, ื‘ืขืจืš, ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
07:32
There's another phrasal verb when you 'rise to' something, isn't there?
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ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื›ืฉืืชื” 'ืขื•ืœื™ื' ืœืžืฉื”ื•, ืœื?
07:35
When we react to something in a way that...
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉ...
07:38
in a way that someone wants you to.
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืขืฉื”.
07:40
So, you know, especially by coming... by becoming angry:
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ืื–, ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื•ื... ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื›ืขืก:
07:44
they're trying to get a reaction from you and you might 'rise to' it.
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ื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืžืš ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื” 'ืชืขืœื”' ืœื–ื”.
07:49
Yeah. Now, this is a slightly different meaning.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืงืฆืช ืื—ืจืช.
07:51
If you continually try to provoke me
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ืื ืืชื” ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™
07:54
and you try to make me angry and I stay calm
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ื•ืืชื” ืžื ืกื” ืœื›ืขื•ืก ืื•ืชื™ ื•ืื ื™ ืืฉืืจ ืจื’ื•ืข
07:58
but eventually I just, kind of, snap, then I 'rise to' it.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ, ืžืชืคืจืฅ, ืื– ืื ื™ 'ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ' ืขืœ ื–ื”.
08:01
I 'rise to' your, kind of, provocations.
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ืื ื™ 'ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ' ืœืกื•ื’ ื”ืคืจื•ื‘ื•ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืš.
08:06
However, in the headline we're not talking about me becoming angry
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ืขื ื–ืืช, ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืื ื™ ื›ื•ืขืก
08:10
or somebody becoming angry; we're talking about meeting a challenge.
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ืื• ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื›ืขืก; ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืืชื’ืจ.
08:13
There is a challenge or a situation that needs to be overcome,
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ื™ืฉ ืืชื’ืจ ืื• ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•,
08:17
that needs to be dealt with โ€” for example, in the...
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ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืื™ืชื - ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘...
08:19
in the headline it's talking about the attack โ€”
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ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื–ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคื™ื’ื•ืข -
08:21
and the president and the country is rising to that situation.
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ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
08:26
They are meeting that challenge.
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ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืืชื’ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
08:29
Can we sometimes say you're 'stepping up to' the challenge as well?
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ื”ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืฉื’ื ืืชื” 'ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ' ืืช ื”ืืชื’ืจ?
08:32
Yeah. You can, yeah.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ื›ืŸ.
08:34
OK. That's great. OK. Let's have a summary then:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื–ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ. ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื– ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
08:45
OK. Roy, it's time now for you to recap
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืจื•ืขื™, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœืš ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืกื›ื
08:48
the words and expressions we've discussed today.
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ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื“ื ื• ื‘ื”ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
08:51
OK. So, we had 'spiral' โ€” quickly become worse.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• 'ืกืคื™ืจืœื”' - ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื—ืžื™ืจื•.
08:57
We had 'free fall' โ€” uncontrolled drop in value or strength.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• 'ื ืคื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช' - ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ื‘ืขืจืš ืื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืง.
09:02
And we had 'rising to' โ€” working hard to overcome a difficult situation.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืขืœื™ื™ื”' - ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืงืฉื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืงืฉื”.
09:10
Thanks, Roy. Now, as I said, the situation is changing rapidly
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ืชื•ื“ื”, ืจื•ืขื™. ื›ืขืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืžืฉืชื ื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช
09:14
and these were the news headlines at the time of recording this programme.
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ื•ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืœื˜ืช ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื•.
09:19
And we've reached the end of News Review for today.
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ื•ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืกื•ืฃ ืฉืœ News Review ืœื”ื™ื•ื.
09:21
Thank you so much for watching.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืฉืฆืคื™ืชื.
09:23
Do join us again next time. Bye for now.
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ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื”. ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื.
09:25
Bye.
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ื‘ื™ื™.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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