Ukraine conflict continues: BBC News Review

174,032 views ใƒป 2022-03-01

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
The conflict in Ukraine continues.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠใงใฎ็ด›ไบ‰ใฏ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:03
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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BBCใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:07
I'm Rob and joining me to talk about the language
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็งใฏใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹
00:10
being used in the headlines about this story
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ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆ
00:13
is Roy. Hello Roy.
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ใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒญใ‚คใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใƒญใ‚คใ€‚
00:15
Hello Rob and hello everyone.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใƒญใƒ–ใจ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
00:17
Now, Russia is continuing to attack Ukraine
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็พๅœจใ€ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใฏๅ…ˆ้€ฑ
00:21
after launching a devastating attack last week.
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ๅฃŠๆป…็š„ใชๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใŸๅพŒใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠใธใฎๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:25
Russian troops have taken over parts of Eastern Ukraine
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ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข่ปใฏ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠๆฑ้ƒจใฎไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅ ้ ˜ใ—ใ€ๅ›ฝใฎ้ฆ–้ƒฝใ‚ญใ‚จใƒ•
00:29
and are attempting to control the... the country's capital Kyiv
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ใ‚’ๆ”ฏ้…ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:34
but Ukrainian forces are offering strong resistance.
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠ่ป ใฏๅผทๅŠ›ใชๆŠตๆŠ—ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:38
As the number of dead climbs,
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ๆญป่€…ใฎๆ•ฐใŒๅข—ใˆใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใ€
00:40
President Putin stands accused of shattering peace in Europe.
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ใƒ—ใƒผใƒใƒณๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใฏ ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใฎๅนณๅ’Œใ‚’ๆ‰“ใก็ •ใ„ใŸใจใ—ใฆ้ž้›ฃใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
00:45
Yeah. Well, the situation is changing fast
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็Šถๆณใฏๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:48
but we're going to look at three words and expressions
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ใŒ
00:51
from current news headlines that can help you understand
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ใ€็พๅœจใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‹ใ‚‰
00:55
how the conflict is being reported in English.
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ใ€็ด›ไบ‰ ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ ฑ้“ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใจ่กจ็พใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒญใ‚คใ€
00:58
What are your three words and expressions, Roy?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชž ใจ่กจ็พใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
01:01
We have 'spiral', 'free fall' and 'rising to'.
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ใ€Œใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒฉใƒซใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒซใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒˆใ‚ฅใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:07
That's 'spiral', 'free fall' and 'rising to'.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใ€ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:11
OK. Let's have a look at your first news headline please.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:15
OK. So, our first headline comes from ReliefWeb and it reads:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏ ReliefWeb ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„
01:28
That's 'spiral' โ€” quickly become worse.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:33
OK. So, 'spiral' is spelt S-P-I-R-A-L
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€'spiral' ใฏ S-P-I-R-A-L
01:39
and it is being used as a verb
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ใจ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
01:41
and it means to quickly become or get worse.
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ๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:47
I've heard about this word 'spiral' in terms of a shape:
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ใ“ใฎใ€Œใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ่žใ„ใŸ
01:50
it's lots of circles together, isn't it?
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ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅ††ใŒ้›†ใพใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใญใ€‚
01:55
That's correct. Now, let's talk about that idea of 'spiral' as a shape.
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ใใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏ ใ€ๅฝขใจใ—ใฆใฎใ€Œใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:59
So, it's basically circles going round and round.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซๅ†† ใŒใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:03
Now, we talk about it in terms of a 'spiral' staircase.
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ใ“ใ“ใง ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚“ใ€้šŽๆฎตใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:07
So, it's a staircase that you walk down and it goes round and round and round.
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ใงใ€ใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ใใ‚‹ๅ›žใ‚‹้šŽๆฎตใงใ™ใ€‚
02:12
And we also have notebooks that have โ€” a 'spiral-bound' notebook โ€”
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ใพใŸใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ้‡‘ๅฑž่ฃฝใฎๅ††ใ‚’ๅ‚™ใˆ ใŸใ€Œใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚“็ถดใ˜ใ€ใฎใƒŽใƒผใƒˆใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏ
02:16
that have these kind of metal circles that keep all of the pages together.
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ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:21
That's the idea of a 'spiral' โ€”
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใงใ™ โ€”
02:23
or as an adjective: 'spiral' staircase, 'spiral-bound' book โ€”
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ใพใŸใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ: ใ€Œใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚“ใ€้šŽๆฎตใ€ ใ€Œใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚“็ถดใ˜ใ€ใฎๆœฌ โ€”
02:27
but we're not talking about the shape in the headline.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ .
02:30
We're talking about a situation and if a situation 'spirals',
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็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€็ŠถๆณใŒใ€Œใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒฉใƒซใ€ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
02:34
it means that it is getting worse very, very quickly.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ŠถๆณใŒ้žๅธธใซๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:39
So, we can talk about prices 'spiralling',
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไพกๆ ผใฎใ€Œใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒฉใƒซใ€ใ€ๅŽŸๆฒนไพกๆ ผใฎใ€Œใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒฉใƒซใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
02:42
the price of oil 'spiralling'. It's getting worse.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‚“ใ ใ‚“ๆ‚ชใใชใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ€‚
02:45
The situation is getting worse.
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็Šถๆณใฏๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:47
Yeah. I mean, we'll talk about those prices in a second,
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไพกๆ ผใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ™ใใซ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™
02:50
but when we talk about a 'spiralling' situation โ€“
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ใŒ ใ€ใ€Œๆธฆๅทปใใ€็Šถๆณ
02:53
for example, an argument between two people.
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ 2 ไบบใฎไบบ้–“ใฎ้–“ใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:56
If it gets worse and worse and worse,
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใพใ™ใพใ™ๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
02:58
the argument starts off small and it just becomes incredibly big,
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ใ€่ญฐ่ซ–ใฏๅฐใ•ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Š ใ€ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใปใฉๅคงใใใชใ‚‹ใ ใ‘
03:03
we can say it's 'spiralling' out of control.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆถๅพกไธ่ƒฝใชใ€Œใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒฉใƒซใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:05
It's getting worse and worse and worse.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใพใ™ใพใ™ๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:07
Now, you talked there about prices, the price of things.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ“ใงไพกๆ ผใ€็‰ฉใฎไพกๆ ผใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
03:11
When we talk about the price of things 'spiralling',
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใฎไพกๆ ผใŒใ€Œๆธฆๅทปใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
03:14
we often mean that the price is increasing
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ใจ่จ€ใ† ใจใใ€ไพกๆ ผใŒ
03:18
and going up very, very rapidly.
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้žๅธธใซๆ€ฅ้€ŸใซไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:20
So, you talked about the price of oil.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็Ÿณๆฒนใฎไพกๆ ผใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:22
Now, the situation is worse because things are more expensive
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็พๅœจใ€ ็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ไพกใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็Šถๆณใฏๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:25
but the price 'spiralling', or 'spiralling' out of control,
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ใŒใ€ไพกๆ ผใŒ ใ€Œใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒฉใƒซใ€ใพใŸใฏๅˆถๅพกไธ่ƒฝใซ
03:28
means that it is becoming very expensive, very quickly.
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ใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€้žๅธธใซๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ไพกใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
03:33
Thanks for that, Roy. Let's have a summary:
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒญใ‚คใ€‚ ่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:44
Let's have a look at your second headline now please, Roy.
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ใ€‚ใƒญใ‚คใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:47
OK. So, our second headline is from the Telegraph and it reads:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏ Telegraph ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใ‹
03:59
That's 'free fall' โ€” uncontrolled drop in value or strength.
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ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:04
OK. So, 'free fall' is commonly seen in dictionaries as two words:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใ€ใฏ ใ€่พžๆ›ธใงใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ F-R-E-E ใจใ„ใ† 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใ—ใฆ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
04:10
F-R-E-E.
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ใ€‚
04:12
Second word: F-A-L-L.
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅ˜่ชž: F-A-L-Lใ€‚
04:14
But you will and you can see it in some cases as one word โ€”
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ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ
04:18
for example, in the headline โ€”
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ใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—
04:20
and it's commonly used as one word in the...
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ใชใฉใง 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใ—ใฆ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:23
in the expression 'in freefall'.
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ใพใŸใ€ใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ไธญใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใงใฏใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:26
And what it means is that something is falling very, very quickly
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ้žๅธธใซใ€้žๅธธใซๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซ่ฝไธ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€้žๅธธใซ
04:31
or dropping very, very quickly without control.
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ๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซใ€ ๅˆถๅพกใชใ—ใซ่ฝไธ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:35
A literal meaning, I guess, would be somebody with a parachute:
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ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏ ใ€ใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ‚’
04:39
if they jumped out of an aeroplane with a parachute, they would drop down.
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ๆŒใฃใฆ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใ‹ใ‚‰้ฃ›ใณ้™ใ‚Šใ‚‹ ใจใ€่ฝไธ‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:42
They would free-fall, wouldn't they?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:44
They would drop down, gravity pulling them down to the earth.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ่ฝไธ‹ใ—ใ€้‡ๅŠ› ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅœฐ็ƒใซๅผ•ใไธ‹ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:47
Yeah, commonly when you're talking about that,
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ใˆใˆใ€้€šๅธธ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€
04:49
it's before they open their parachute.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้–‹ใๅ‰ ใงใ™.
04:52
So, they don't open their parachute and they jump and they just fall โ€” free-fall:
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้–‹ใ‹ใš ใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ—ใฆ่ฝไธ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘
04:56
there is nothing to stop them falling.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚่ฝไธ‹ใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:58
When they open their parachute, they're no longer 'in free fall',
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใƒ‘ใƒฉใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้–‹ใใจใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใ€
05:03
but we're not talking about the literal meaning of 'free fall' here;
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใ€ใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:07
we're talking, sort of, more about prices and things like this,
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€ ไพกๆ ผใ‚„ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆใ€
05:11
or in the case of the headline the economy in 'free fall'.
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ใพใŸใฏ ใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใ€ใฎ็ตŒๆธˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎๅ ดๅˆใซใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
05:15
It is dropping... the value of something is dropping very, very quickly.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ‹่ฝใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™...ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎไพกๅ€คใŒ้žๅธธใซๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซไธ‹่ฝใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:19
Sometimes we can say 'dropping like a stone' as well.
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ใ€Œ็Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฝใกใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:22
Yeah, commonly when you're talking about the value of something โ€”
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ใˆใˆใ€้€šๅธธ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎไพกๅ€คใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ
05:25
for example, stocks or shares.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆ ชใ‚„ๆ ชใงใ™ใ€‚
05:28
If... if shares on the stock market just fall very rapidly โ€”
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ใ‚‚ใ—... ๆ ชๅผๅธ‚ๅ ดใฎๆ ช ใŒ้žๅธธใซๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซไธ‹่ฝใ—
05:33
the value of them falls โ€” we can say it's 'dropping like a stone'
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ใŸๅ ดๅˆ โ€” ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไพกๅ€คใŒไธ‹่ฝใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆ โ€”
05:35
because obviously a stone is very heavy and it drops,
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ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ ใซ็Ÿณใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡ใใ€ไธ‹่ฝใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œ็Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฝใกใ‚‹
05:39
but we wouldn't normally say the 'economy is dropping like a stone';
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ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€้€šๅธธใฏใ€Œ ใ€Œ็ตŒๆธˆใฏ็Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฝใก่พผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ€;
05:42
it's normally for individual things.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฎใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:45
And just to clarify then, to 'free-fall':
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใ€
05:48
it's kind of non-stop. It can't be stopped.
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ใจใฏใ€ไธ€็จฎใฎใƒŽใƒณใ‚นใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:51
Absolutely. There's noโ€ฆ there's nothing that you can do to stop it,
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็ตถๅฏพใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“โ€ฆ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›
05:54
or that's the feeling โ€” that it's out of control.
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ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:56
The drop is just out of control and you can't stop it falling.
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่ฝไธ‹ใฏๅˆถๅพกไธ่ƒฝใง ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่ฝไธ‹ใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:00
Yeah. OK. Thanks for that, Roy. Let's have a summary:
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒญใ‚คใ€‚ ใพใจใ‚ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†:
06:11
OK. Roy, can we now have a look at your third headline please?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒญใ‚คใ€ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹?
06:15
OK. So, our third headline comes from BBC News and it reads:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ— ใฏ BBC ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ใ€ŒRising toใ€ใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
06:29
'Rising to' โ€” working hard to overcome a difficult situation.
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ใ€‚ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใช็Šถๆณใ‚’ๅ…‹ๆœใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:34
OK. So, this is 'rising to'.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ไธญใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:37
It is a phrasal verb. First word: R-I-S-I-N-G.
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชž: R-I-S-I-N-G.
06:41
Second word: 'to' โ€” T-O.
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅ˜่ชž: 'to' โ€” T-O.
06:44
Now, if you 'rise to' somethingโ€ฆ if you 'rise to' something,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใซใ€Œ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใชใ‚‰โ€ฆไฝ•ใ‹ใซ ใ€Œ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใชใ‚‰ใ€
06:47
it basically means that you make a lot of effort to meet a challenge
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ ใ€ๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ‚„ๅ•้กŒใ€็Šถๆณใซ็ซ‹ใกๅ‘ใ‹ใ†ใŸใ‚ใซๅคšใใฎๅŠชๅŠ›ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
06:52
or a problem or a situation โ€” to overcome that situation.
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- ใใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚’ๅ…‹ๆœใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
06:57
So, here we're talking about the Ukraine's president,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใง
07:00
who used to be an actor and comedian.
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ใฏใ€ไฟณๅ„ชใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใƒณใงใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠใฎๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:02
Now he's... he's working hard to protect the freedom of his country, I guess.
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ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใฏ... ๅ›ฝใฎ่‡ช็”ฑใ‚’ๅฎˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝใซๅƒใ„ ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:07
Yeah. So, the moment that we're talking about โ€”
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็žฌ้–“ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใง
07:11
the 'rising to' the moment in this sense โ€”
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ใฎใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ ใจใ„ใ†ใฎ
07:13
is the attack on Ukraine and we talk about...
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒŠใธใฎๆ”ปๆ’ƒใง ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ...
07:18
Commonly we hear this expression 'rise to the challenge'.
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้€šๅธธใ€ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พใฏ ใ€ŒๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใซ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:22
So, it's doing something that you wouldn't normally do
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
07:26
to, kind of, overcome this situation.
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ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚’ๅ…‹ๆœใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๆ™ฎๆฎตใฏใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
07:32
There's another phrasal verb when you 'rise to' something, isn't there?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใซใ€Œ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใจใใ€ๅˆฅใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
07:35
When we react to something in a way that...
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็งใŸใกใŒไฝ•ใ‹ ใซๅๅฟœใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ...
07:38
in a way that someone wants you to.
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ€‚
07:40
So, you know, especially by coming... by becoming angry:
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็‰นใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ... ๆ€’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ:
07:44
they're trying to get a reaction from you and you might 'rise to' it.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ๅๅฟœใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ— ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใซใ€Œ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.
07:49
Yeah. Now, this is a slightly different meaning.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
07:51
If you continually try to provoke me
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ตถใˆใš็งใ‚’ๆŒ‘็™บใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—
07:54
and you try to make me angry and I stay calm
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใ‚’ๆ€’ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ ่ฝใก็€ใ„ใฆ
07:58
but eventually I just, kind of, snap, then I 'rise to' it.
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ใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใซใฏใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ€ใ‚นใƒŠใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใซใ€Œ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€.
08:01
I 'rise to' your, kind of, provocations.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎๆŒ‘็™บใซใ€Œ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
08:06
However, in the headline we're not talking about me becoming angry
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใฏ ใ€็งใŒๆ€’ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆ€’ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
08:10
or somebody becoming angry; we're talking about meeting a challenge.
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ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ ๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใซ็ซ‹ใกๅ‘ใ‹ใ†ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…‹ๆœใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰
08:13
There is a challenge or a situation that needs to be overcome,
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ใชใ„่ชฒ้กŒใ‚„็ŠถๆณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
08:17
that needs to be dealt with โ€” for example, in the...
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ใใ‚Œใซๅฏพๅ‡ฆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
08:19
in the headline it's talking about the attack โ€”
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... ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใง ใฏๆ”ปๆ’ƒใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
08:21
and the president and the country is rising to that situation.
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ใ€ๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใจๅ›ฝ ใฏใใฎ็Šถๆณใซ็ซ‹ใกๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:26
They are meeting that challenge.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใฎ่ชฒ้กŒใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:29
Can we sometimes say you're 'stepping up to' the challenge as well?
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ใ‚ใชใŸ ใ‚‚ๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใซใ€Œใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:32
Yeah. You can, yeah.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใ€ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:34
OK. That's great. OK. Let's have a summary then:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่ฆ็ด„ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
08:45
OK. Roy, it's time now for you to recap
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ใ€‚ ใƒญใ‚คใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃ
08:48
the words and expressions we've discussed today.
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ใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใจ่กจ็พ ใ‚’่ฆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸ.
08:51
OK. So, we had 'spiral' โ€” quickly become worse.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใ‚นใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒฉใƒซใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ โ€” ใ™ใใซๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
08:57
We had 'free fall' โ€” uncontrolled drop in value or strength.
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ใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑ่ฝไธ‹ใ€ ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šไพกๅ€คใ‚„ๅผทใ•ใฎๅˆถๅพกไธ่ƒฝใชไฝŽไธ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:02
And we had 'rising to' โ€” working hard to overcome a difficult situation.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใช็Šถๆณใ‚’ๅ…‹ๆœใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝใซๅƒใใจใ„ใ†ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
09:10
Thanks, Roy. Now, as I said, the situation is changing rapidly
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒญใ‚คใ€‚ ไปŠใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ€็Šถๆณใฏๆ€ฅ้€Ÿใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆ
09:14
and these were the news headlines at the time of recording this programme.
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใฎๅŽ้Œฒๆ™‚ใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใ—ใŸ.
09:19
And we've reached the end of News Review for today.
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ใใ—ใฆ ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฎNews Reviewใ‚‚ใŠใ—ใพใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:21
Thank you so much for watching.
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:23
Do join us again next time. Bye for now.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใ‚‚ใœใฒใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
09:25
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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