Saving the white rhino - 6 Minute English

116,894 views ใƒป 2021-07-01

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:08
Hello. This is 6 Minute English
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ืฉืœื•ื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช
00:10
from BBC Learning English.
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ืžื‘ื™ืช BBC Learning English.
00:11
I'm Neil.
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ.
00:12
And I'm Sam. In this programme,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืกื. ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•,
00:14
we'll be hearing a news story
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ื ืฉืžืข ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืชื™ ื”ืžืงื•ืฉืจ
00:16
linked to the 'Nature versus
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ืœื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— 'ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื•ืœ
00:17
Nurture' debate, not concerning
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ื˜ื™ืคื•ื—', ืœื ืขืœ
00:20
a human, but a rhinoceros!
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ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื, ืืœื ืขืœ ืงืจื ืฃ!
00:22
The extremely rare northern
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00:24
white rhino of East Africa
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ื”ืงืจื ืฃ ื”ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ื”ื ื“ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืžื–ืจื— ืืคืจื™ืงื”
00:26
was on the brink of extinction
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ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืกืฃ ื”ื›ื—ื“ื”
00:28
when the second-to-last living
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื–ื›ืจ ื”ื—ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ
00:30
male, Suni, died in 2014,
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, ืกื•ื ื™, ืžืช ื‘-2014,
00:33
leaving behind two females,
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ื•ื”ื•ืชื™ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื• ืฉืชื™ ื ืงื‘ื•ืช,
00:35
Najin and Fatu - the last living
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ื ื’'ื™ืŸ ื•ืคืื˜ื• - ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื
00:37
creatures of their species.
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ืžืžื™ืŸื™ื”ื.
00:39
Conservationists started an
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ืื ืฉื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืคืชื—ื•
00:41
artificial breeding programme,
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช,
00:43
using eggs from the females and
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ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ื ืงื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื–ืจืข
00:45
sperm from Suni to produce
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ืžืกื•ื ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ
00:47
an embryo - an unborn animal
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ืขื•ื‘ืจ - ื—ื™ื” ืฉื˜ืจื ื ื•ืœื“ื”
00:50
in the very early stages
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ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ืžืื•ื“
00:51
of development.
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.
00:53
Recently there's been a
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ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื—ืœื”
00:54
new development in the
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ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื”
00:55
story, but before we hear
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ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืฉืžืข
00:56
more, it's time for my quiz
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ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™
00:58
question. The name,
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. ื”ืฉื,
01:00
rhinoceros , comes from
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ืงืจื ืฃ, ืžื’ื™ืข
01:01
the ancient Greek, but
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ืžื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืขืชื™ืงื”, ืื‘ืœ
01:03
what exactly does
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ืžื”
01:04
it mean? Is it:
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง? ื”ืื ื–ื”:
01:05
a) thick skin, b) horned
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ื) ืขื•ืจ ืขื‘ื”, ื‘) ืืฃ ืงืจื ื™
01:09
nose, or c) small eye?
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, ืื• ื’) ืขื™ืŸ ืงื˜ื ื”?
01:12
That's a tricky one, because
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ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืกื•ื‘ืš, ื›ื™
01:14
rhinos have all three!
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ืœืงืจื ืคื™ื ื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืชื!
01:16
OK, I'll guess a) thick skin.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ื) ืขื•ืจ ืขื‘ื”.
01:19
OK, Sam, we ll find out later.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืกืื, ื ื’ืœื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:21
Now let's get back to the
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจื
01:22
story of those precious
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ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื
01:24
northern rhino embryos.
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ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืงืจื ืฃ ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ื”ื™ืงืจื™ื.
01:25
Well, the good news is
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉืขื“
01:27
that so far five embryos
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ื›ื” ื”ื•ืคืงื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื
01:29
have been produced.
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.
01:30
They're being frozen until
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ื”ื ืžื•ืงืคืื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื”
01:32
they can be implanted in
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ืœื”ืฉืชื™ืœ ืื•ืชื
01:33
southern rhinos - the
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ื‘ืงืจื ืคื™ื ื“ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื -
01:36
northern species'
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01:37
more common cousin.
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ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ื ื”ื ืคื•ืฅ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™.
01:39
Conservationist Thomas
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ืื™ืฉ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืชื•ืžืก
01:40
Hildebrandt runs the rhino
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื‘ืจื ื“ื˜ ืžื ื”ืœ ืืช
01:42
breeding programme.
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ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืงืจื ืคื™ื.
01:43
He spoke to BBC World
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื—ื— ืขื ื”-BBC World
01:44
Service's, Science in Action,
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Service, Science in Action,
01:46
who asked him whether
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ืฉืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื• ืื
01:47
the embryos were
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื
01:48
genetically from the
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ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช
01:49
northern species.
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ืžื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™.
01:51
Absolutely right. They're not
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ืฆื•ื“ืง ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ. ื”ื ืœื
01:54
hybrids, they're pure
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ื›ืœืื™ื™ื, ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™
01:55
northern white rhino
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ืงืจื ืฃ ืœื‘ืŸ ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ
01:57
embryos which were
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01:58
generated with the
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ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ืขื
02:01
desired breeding partner,
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ืฉื•ืชืคืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ื”,
02:03
Suni, who died in 2014. So
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ืกื•ื ื™, ืฉืžืชื” ื‘-2014. ืื–
02:06
we have embryos which
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื
02:08
have a very high quality...
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืื•ื“...
02:10
there's no inbreeding effect
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ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ื›ืœืื”
02:11
on these embryos, and it's
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ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” , ื•ื–ื”
02:14
so important to make the
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช
02:16
next step, to transfer these
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ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ื‘ื, ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช
02:18
embryos because we can
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื
02:20
preserve life - biological material -
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ืœืฉืžืจ ื—ื™ื™ื - ื—ื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ -
02:22
in liquid nitrogen, but what we
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ื‘ื—ื ืงืŸ ื ื•ื–ืœื™, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื•
02:24
can't do - we can't preserve
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช - ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžืจ
02:26
social knowledge and
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ื™ื“ืข ื—ื‘ืจืชื™
02:28
therefore we need desperately
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ื ื•ืืฉื•ืช
02:29
a calf on the ground so that
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ืœืขื’ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ืงืจื ืคื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื
02:32
these two existing northern
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ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืœืœื•
02:33
white rhinos, can teach the
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, ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœืžื“ ืืช
02:36
new calf how to behave as
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ื”ืขื’ืœ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืชื ื”ื’
02:38
a northern white rhino.
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ื›ืงืจื ืฃ ืœื‘ืŸ ืฆืคื•ื ื™.
02:42
Having genetically pure embryos
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ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช
02:44
prevents the birth of hybrids -
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ืžื•ื ืข ืœื™ื“ืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืื™ื™ื -
02:46
animals that have been bred
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœื•
02:48
from two different species.
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ืžืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
02:50
It's also important the embryos
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื’ื ืฉืœืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื
02:52
have no inbreeding - breeding
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ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœืื” - ืจื‘ื™ื™ื”
02:54
of a young animal from two
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ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื” ืฆืขื™ืจื” ืžืฉื ื™
02:55
closely related parents,
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ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื,
02:57
because this can
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ
02:58
cause disease.
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ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืžื—ืœื”.
03:00
Fortunately, Thomas and
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ืชื•ืžืก ื•ืฆื•ื•ืชื•
03:01
his team have preserved five
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ืฉื™ืžืจื• ื—ืžื™ืฉื”
03:03
healthy and genetically pure
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03:06
northern rhino embryos
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ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ืงืจื ืฃ ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื•ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื ืงืŸ ื ื•ื–ืœื™
03:07
in liquid nitrogen.
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.
03:09
But while they can preserve
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช
03:10
nature, what Thomas's team
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ื”ื˜ื‘ืข, ืžื” ืฉื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืžืก
03:12
can't provide is nurture - the
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคืง ื”ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ื— -
03:14
social knowledge that a young
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ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™
03:15
northern rhino - or calf - can
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ืฉืงืจื ืฃ ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ืฆืขื™ืจ - ืื• ืขื’ืœ - ื™ื›ื•ืœ
03:17
only learn from
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืจืง
03:18
other northern rhinos.
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ืžืงืจื ืคื™ื ืฆืคื•ื ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
03:20
And since Najin and Fatu,
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ื•ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื ื’'ื™ืŸ ื•ืคืื˜ื•, ื”ืงืจื ืคื™ื
03:22
the last remaining northern
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ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืชืจื•
03:23
rhinos on Earth, are
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ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ,
03:25
getting old, the race is
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ืžื–ื“ืงื ื™ื, ื”ืžืจื•ืฅ
03:27
on to breed a young rhino
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ื ืžืฉืš ืœื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืขื’ืœ ืงืจื ืฃ ืฆืขื™ืจ
03:28
calf before they die.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืžืชื™ื.
03:31
The good news for the
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช
03:32
survival of the northern
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ืœื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจื ืฃ
03:33
white rhino is that
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ื”ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ ื”ืŸ
03:34
experiments to implant
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ืฉื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืœืช
03:35
the delicate embryos in
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืขื“ื™ื ื™ื
03:36
southern rhinos
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ื‘ืงืจื ืคื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืžื™ื™ื
03:37
have been successful.
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ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื•.
03:39
Here's Thomas Hildebrandt
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ื”ื ื” ืชื•ืžืก ื”ื™ืœื“ื‘ืจื ื“ื˜
03:40
again talking about these
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ืฉื•ื‘ โ€‹โ€‹ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ
03:41
recent experiments with BBC
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ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื
03:43
World Service programme,
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ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ BBC,
03:44
Science in Action:
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ืžื“ืข ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”:
03:46
We will, for sure, not wait
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ืื ื—ื ื•, ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช, ืœื ื ื—ื›ื”
03:49
until this pregnancy is
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ืขื“ ืฉื”ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
03:51
completed because it takes
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ื™ื•ืฉืœื ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืœื•ืงื—
03:53
16 months for a full
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16 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื
03:54
pregnancy in a rhinoceros.
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ืœื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืœื ื‘ืงืจื ืฃ.
03:56
So if this embryo implants -
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ืื– ืื ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉืชื™ืœ -
03:59
and we can see that on
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”
04:01
ultrasound... and - forms a
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ื‘ืื•ืœื˜ืจืกืื•ื ื“... ื•- ื™ื•ืฆืจ
04:02
nice placenta, that is
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ืฉืœื™ื” ื™ืคื”, ื–ื•
04:04
the goal for us to proceed
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ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš
04:06
with the next step on the
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ืขื ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงืจื ืฃ
04:07
northern white
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ื”ืœื‘ืŸ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™
04:08
rhino embryos.
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.
04:10
Normally it takes 16 months for
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื•ืงื— ืœื ืงื‘ืช ืงืจื ืฃ 16 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื
04:12
a female rhino to complete
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ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช
04:13
her pregnancy - the state in
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ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ - ื”ืžืฆื‘
04:15
which a woman or female
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ืฉื‘ื• ืœืื™ืฉื” ืื•
04:16
animal has a baby
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ื ืงื‘ื” ื™ืฉ ืชื™ื ื•ืง
04:17
developing inside her.
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ืฉืžืชืคืชื— ื‘ืชื•ื›ื”.
04:19
But in the case of the
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ
04:20
northern rhino, the race
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ื”ืงืจื ืฃ ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™, ื”ืžื™ืจื•ืฅ
04:21
is on to birth calves who
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ื”ื•ื ืขืœ ืขื’ืœื™ื ืžื•ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื
04:23
can learn the rhino rules of
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื›ืœืœื™
04:25
social behaviour from
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ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ
04:27
Aunty Najin and Granny
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ื”ืงืจื ืฃ ืžื“ื•ื“ื” ื ื’'ื™ืŸ ื•ืกื‘ืชื
04:28
Fatu while they're still
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ืคืื˜ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ
04:30
alive...
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ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื...
04:32
which is why conservationists
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ
04:33
are monitoring the pregnancy
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ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ
04:35
using ultrasound - a
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื•ืœื˜ืจืกืื•ื ื“ -
04:36
procedure using sound
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ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช
04:38
waves to create images of
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ื’ืœื™ ืงื•ืœ ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ
04:39
internal body parts, or in
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ื—ืœืงื™ ื’ื•ืฃ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื, ืื•
04:41
this case, growing
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื”,
04:42
rhino babies.
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ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืงืจื ืคื™ื ื”ื’ื“ืœื™ื.
04:44
It's an unusual episode in
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ื–ื” ืคืจืง ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—
04:45
the ongoing 'Nature versus
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ื”ืžืชืžืฉืš 'ื˜ื‘ืข ืžื•ืœ
04:47
Nurture' debate.
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ื˜ื™ืคื•ื—'.
04:49
And hopefully a big step
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ื•ื‘ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฆืขื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ
04:50
towards restoring the
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ืœืงืจืืช ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช
04:51
northern white rhino
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ื”ืงืจื ืคื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื ื™ื™ื
04:52
population so that future
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื
04:54
generations get to see these
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ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช
04:56
magnificent creatures with
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ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื
04:57
their thick skin,
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ืขื•ืจื ื”ืขื‘ื”,
04:58
horned nose and...
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ืืคื ื”ืงืจื ื™ื™ื ื•...
05:00
... and small eyes, Neil? So
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...ื•ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื•ืช, ื ื™ืœ? ืื–
05:02
what was the answer
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ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
05:03
to your quiz question.
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ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš.
05:04
Yes, I asked you what the
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ื›ืŸ, ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชืš ืžื”
05:06
name 'rhinoceros' meant.
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ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื 'ืงืจื ืฃ'.
05:07
What did you say, Sam?
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ืžื” ืืžืจืช, ืกืื?
05:09
I guessed it was a) thick
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ื ื™ื—ืฉืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื)
05:11
skin. Was I right?
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ืขื•ืจ ืขื‘ื”. ืฆื“ืงืชื™?
05:13
Well, rhinos certainly do have
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœืงืจื ืคื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื™ืฉ
05:15
thick skin, but their name
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ืขื•ืจ ืขื‘ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืฉืžื
05:16
actually comes from the
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ื‘ืขืฆื ื‘ื ืžื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช
05:17
Greek meaning, 'horned nose'.
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ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืช, 'ืืฃ ืงืจื ื™ื™ื'.
05:20
Well, luckily I've got a
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœืžื–ืœื™ ื’ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™
05:22
thick skin too, so I won't
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ืขื•ืจ ืขื‘ื”, ืื– ืื ื™ ืœื
05:24
take it personally! Let's
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ืืงื— ืืช ื–ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช! ื‘ื•ืื•
05:25
have another look at the
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ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ
05:27
vocabulary we've learned,
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ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœืžื“ื ื•,
05:28
starting with embryo - an
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ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ืจ -
05:30
unborn animal or human
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ื—ื™ื” ืื• ืื“ื ืฉื˜ืจื ื ื•ืœื“ื•
05:31
still inside its mother's womb.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืจื—ื ืืžื•.
05:34
A hybrid is an animal or
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ื”ื›ืœืื” ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื” ืื•
05:35
plant that has been bred
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ืฆืžื— ืฉื’ื“ืœื•
05:36
from two different species.
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ืžืฉื ื™ ืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
05:38
Inbreeding is when a young
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ื”ืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ
05:40
animal is born from closely
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ื‘ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจ ื ื•ืœื“
05:41
related parents.
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ืžื”ื•ืจื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื.
05:42
A calf is the name for the
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ืขื’ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉื
05:45
young of several large
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ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืžื”
05:46
mammals including cows,
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ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืคืจื•ืช, ืคื™ืœื™ื
05:48
elephants and whales,
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ื•ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืชื ื™ื,
05:49
as well as rhinos.
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืงืจื ืคื™ื.
05:50
Pregnancy means being
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ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
05:52
pregnant or growing a
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ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืื• ืœื’ื“ืœ
05:53
baby inside you.
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ืชื™ื ื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ื›ืš.
05:54
And finally, ultrasound is
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื•ืœื˜ืจืกืื•ื ื“
05:56
used to see internal organs or
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ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืื•
05:58
a baby developing
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ืชื™ื ื•ืง ืžืชืคืชื—
05:59
inside a woman.
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ืื™ืฉื”.
06:01
And that's all from this
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ
06:02
species-saving edition
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ืžื”ืžื”ื“ื•ืจื” ื—ื•ืกื›ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื”ื–ื•
06:03
of 6 Minute English.
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ืฉืœ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
06:04
Goodbye!
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ื”ึฑื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื!
06:05
Bye bye!
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ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™!
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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