Cryptocurrency king Sam Bankman-Fried Charged: BBC News Review

39,650 views ใƒป 2022-12-14

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
The so-called King of Crypto has been charged with fraud.
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ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืžืœืš ื”ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื• ื”ื•ืืฉื ื‘ื”ื•ื ืื”.
00:04
This is News Review from BBC
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC
00:06
Learning English. I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
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Learning English. ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ. ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืช'.
00:09
Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary to talk about this story.
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ื”ืงืคื“ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
00:14
Don't forget to subscribe to this channel,
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ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ื–ื”,
00:16
like this video, and try the quiz on our website.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืง ืœืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
00:20
Now, the story.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
00:23
3.1 billion dollars.
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3.1 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ.
00:26
That's how much the cryptocurrency exchange company,
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจืช ื‘ื•ืจืกืช ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช,
00:29
FTX, owes to its 50 largest investors.
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FTX, ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœ-50 ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื”.
00:34
Sam Bankman-Fried, the founder and CEO,
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ืกื ื‘ื ืงืžืŸ-ืคืจื™ื“, ื”ืžื™ื™ืกื“ ื•ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ,
00:38
has been arrested and charged with fraud.
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ื ืขืฆืจ ื•ื”ื•ืืฉื ื‘ื”ื•ื ืื”.
00:42
He's accused of transferring FTX
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ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืืฉื ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช
00:45
money into his own hedge fund.
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ื›ืกืคื™ FTX ืœืงืจืŸ ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœื•.
00:50
You have been looking at the headlines,
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช,
00:51
Beth. What's the vocabulary?
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ื‘ืช'. ืžื” ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื?
00:53
We have 'file',
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืงื•ื‘ืฅ',
00:55
'rise and fall', and 'white knight'. This is News Review from BBC
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'ืงื ื•ื™ื•ืจื“' ื•'ืื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ'. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC
01:01
Learning English.
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Learning English.
01:10
Let's have a look at our
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ
01:11
first headline. This is from the New York Times:
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ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื•. ื–ื” ืžื”ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก:
01:23
So US prosecutors have filed charges,
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ืื– ื”ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื,
01:26
and a charge is an accusation that means he needs to go to court.
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ื•ืื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืืฉืžื” ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜.
01:33
He needs to go on trial. But the word
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ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœืžืฉืคื˜. ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื”
01:36
we're looking at is 'file' - 'to file something'.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื”ื™ื 'ืชื™ืง' - 'ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื•'.
01:40
When I do this at home, it means that I take an important document like a passport,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื•ืงื— ืžืกืžืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื›ืžื• ื“ืจื›ื•ืŸ,
01:44
and I put it somewhere safe that I know -
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ื•ืฉืžืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข -
01:47
I know where it is. Is that the same sense?
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื ื ืžืฆื. ื”ืื ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืฉ?
01:49
Well, this is 'file' as well, it's also a verb
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื’ื 'ืงื•ื‘ืฅ', ื–ื” ื’ื ืคื•ืขืœ
01:53
but it is a little bit different.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ืฉื•ื ื”.
01:54
So, here we're talking about making something official in terms of the law.
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ืื– ื›ืืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืจืฉืžื™ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง.
02:00
Yeah, and this man has been arrested, and the headline says
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ื›ืŸ, ื•ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื ืขืฆืจ, ื•ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืื•ืžืจืช
02:04
that prosecutors have filed charges.
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ืฉืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ื.
02:07
So, it's all very official,
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ืื–, ื”ื›ืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืจืฉืžื™,
02:09
because the prosecutors have legally confirmed that he has been
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ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืื™ืฉืจื• ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ื
02:13
charged. Yeah, exactly.
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ื”ื•ืืฉื. ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง.
02:14
And there are other words that we can put after 'file' just to show
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ 'ืงื•ื‘ืฅ' ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช
02:18
that something is official in law.
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ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืจืฉืžื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืง.
02:21
Yes. So, a company could file for bankruptcy.
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ื›ืŸ. ืื–, ื—ื‘ืจื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืคืฉื™ื˜ืช ืจื’ืœ.
02:24
That means officially declare or say that they have no money.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื›ืกืฃ.
02:29
Yeah. That's right, or a couple might file for divorce.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื• ืฉื–ื•ื’ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืชื‘ื™ืขืช ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืŸ.
02:32
If you're self employed, then you might file your taxes online.
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ืื ืืชื” ืขืฆืžืื™, ืื– ืืชื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉืœืš ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
02:36
OK, let's take a look at that again.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
02:47
Let's have a look at our next headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•.
02:49
This one is from Al Jazeera:
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ื–ื” ืžืืœ ื’'ื–ื™ืจื”:
02:59
So, the headline talks about FTX -
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ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ FTX -
03:01
the crypto currency exchange, which has gone bankrupt,
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ื‘ื•ืจืกืช ืžื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืคื˜ื•, ืฉืคืฉื˜ื” ืจื’ืœ,
03:05
and talks about the rise and fall of this company.
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ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจืช ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ืชื” ื•ื ืคื™ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื–ื•.
03:08
Well, I know what 'rise' means: 'go up', and 'fall': 'go down'.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ืขืœื™ื™ื”': 'ืœืขืœื•ืช', ื•'ื ืคื™ืœื”': 'ืœืจื“'.
03:13
But, this is a set expression.
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ืื‘ืœ, ื–ื”ื• ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ.
03:14
What's the sense? Yeah.
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ืžื” ื”ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ? ื›ึผึตืŸ.
03:16
So, when we talk about the rise of something like a company,
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื”,
03:19
it means it's getting better and better.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืฉืชืคืจืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:22
But then we get the fall.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืคื™ืœื”.
03:23
There are some problems.
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ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.
03:24
Maybe a loss of reputation.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ.
03:27
OK. So, this expression, 'rise and fall', is that
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”, 'ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ืจื“', ื–ื”
03:29
just for companies? Financial stuff like that.
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ืจืง ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช? ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื ื›ืืœื”.
03:32
No. So, it can also be used for people or teams - regimes is another one.
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ืœื. ืื–, ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื• ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื - ืžืฉื˜ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืขื•ื“ ืื—ื“.
03:38
Anything really that has a period of success and then becomes unsuccessful,
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ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื•ืื– ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืœื ืžื•ืฆืœื—,
03:42
they lose their success. Yeah.
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ื”ื ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื. ื›ึผึตืŸ.
03:44
And that's really important that when they are successful, this expression
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืฉื”ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื, ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”
03:48
'rise and fall' means that they're really successful, really dominant,
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'ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื™ื•ืจื“' ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื, ืžืžืฉ ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื™ื,
03:51
and then that goes away quickly.
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ื•ืื– ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืจ.
03:54
Yeah. Now, we do often see this in headlines,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช,
03:56
as we have here, we see it to talk about products.
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื›ืืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื.
04:00
Book titles. For example, there's that book:
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ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ืกืคืจื™ื. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื–ื”:
04:02
The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs.
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ืขืœื™ื™ืชื ื•ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืื•ืจื™ื.
04:05
I also saw a headline about the rise and fall of DVDs.
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ื’ื ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ืชื ื•ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืชืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ DVD.
04:10
Yeah. DVDs used to be everywhere.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืคืขื ื”ื™ื• ืชืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ DVD ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
04:12
They were dominant. Now, they're less popular because of streaming. A word
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ื™ื. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื™ื ื’. ืžื™ืœื”
04:17
on pronunciation.
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ืขืœ ื”ื’ื™ื™ื”. ื™ืฉ
04:18
We've got the expression:
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ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™:
04:20
'the rise and fall of', but said together,
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'ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื ืคื™ืœื” ืฉืœ', ืื‘ืœ ืืžืจื• ื‘ื™ื—ื“,
04:25
there's a lot of linking and some of the vowel sounds change.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ื—ืœืง ืžืฆืœื™ืœื™ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžืฉืชื ื™ื.
04:29
So, let's listen to that: 'the rise and fall of'.
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืงืฉื™ื‘ ืœื–ื”: 'ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ื•ื ืคื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ'.
04:31
Yeah. 'The rise and fall of'. The rise and fall of the dinosaurs.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. 'ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ื•ื ืคื™ืœืชื• ืฉืœ'. ืขืœื™ื™ืชื ื•ื ืคื™ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื ื•ื–ืื•ืจื™ื.
04:37
Let's look at that one more time.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช.
04:46
Let's have a look at our next headline. This is from Reuters.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•. ื–ื” ืžืจื•ื™ื˜ืจืก.
04:56
So, the headline is saying that Sam Bankman-Fried
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ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืกื ื‘ื ืงืžืŸ-ืคืจื™ื“
04:58
has taken a sudden turn - that means he has changed
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ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืชืคื ื™ืช ืคืชืื•ืžื™ืช - ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื
05:03
from being a white knight to a detainee.
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ื”ืคืš ืžืื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ืœืขืฆื•ืจ.
05:06
A 'detainee' is someone who's being held, often by the police like
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'ืขืฆื•ืจ' ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื•ื—ื–ืง, ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื›ืžื•
05:11
in this case, and a 'white knight' is what we're looking at. Now,
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ื•'ืื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ' ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื•. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
05:16
Knight. We all know a knight from myths and fiction - the person
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ื ื™ื™ื˜. ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื‘ื™ืจ ืžื”ืžื™ืชื•ืกื™ื ื•ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื - ื”ืื“ื
05:22
on a horse with the armour and the sword.
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ืขืœ ืกื•ืก ืขื ื”ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื—ืจื‘.
05:24
Saving people.
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ื”ืฆืœืช ืื ืฉื™ื.
05:25
Is that what we're talking about?
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื•?
05:27
Yeah, kind of, that is a knight.
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ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืขืจืš, ื–ื” ืื‘ื™ืจ.
05:30
So, we're looking at 'white knights'.
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ 'ืื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื ื™ื'.
05:32
It's a fictional, literary character that can be a person or a thing.
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ื–ื• ื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ืช, ืกืคืจื•ืชื™ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ืื• ื“ื‘ืจ.
05:38
And it rescues or helps people, and
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ืœ ืื• ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘
05:41
importantly, a white knight can also be someone that gives financial help.
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ืžื›ืš, ืื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื ื•ืชืŸ ืขื–ืจื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
05:47
OK. So, we have the literal knight on the horse with the armour
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ืก ืขื ื”ืฉืจื™ื•ืŸ
05:51
and we've got the metaphorical 'white knight' -
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช 'ื”ืื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืœื‘ืŸ' ื”ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื™ -
05:53
helping people, helping companies financially.
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ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
05:57
Why is the headline calling Sam Bankman-Fried a white knight?
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ืœืžื” ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืงื•ืจืืช ืœืกื ื‘ื ืžืŸ-ืคืจื™ื“ ืื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ?
06:01
Well, before the collapse of FTX,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืœืคื ื™ ืงืจื™ืกืช FTX,
06:04
he said that he was going to give money to fund science and help others.
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืชืช ื›ืกืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืžืŸ ืžื“ืข ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื.
06:09
He also had a lot of respect from people in the financial world.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืžืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™.
06:14
So, people thought he was going to be really helpful to society
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ืื–, ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื—ื‘ืจื”
06:19
Is this expression -
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ื”ืื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” -
06:20
'white knight' - is it used very often in an average conversation?
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'ืื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ' - ื”ื•ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื” ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช?
06:24
No, not really.
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ืœื ืœื ืžืžืฉ.
06:25
So, if someone helps you,
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ืœื›ืŸ, ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืš,
06:27
you're more likely to call them 'helpful', or you might say they are 'generous',
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ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืชืงืจื ืœื• 'ืžื•ืขื™ืœ', ืื• ืื•ืœื™ ืชื’ื™ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื 'ื ื“ื™ื‘',
06:31
but we do hear 'white knight' in fictional stories and in headlines.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื 'ืื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ' ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช.
06:36
OK, let's look at that again.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
06:45
We've had 'file' -
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืงื•ื‘ืฅ' -
06:46
make something official by law.
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ืชืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืจืฉืžื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง.
06:48
'Rise and fall' - something does
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'ืงื•ื ื•ื™ื•ืจื“' - ืžืฉื”ื• ืขื•ืฉื”
06:50
well, and then does badly'. And 'white knight' - someone
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ืื– ืขื•ืฉื” ืจืข'. ื•'ืื‘ื™ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ' - ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
06:54
or something that helps others.
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ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืื—ืจื™ื.
06:56
Don't forget there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช bbclearningenglish.com.
07:01
Thank you for joining us, and goodbye. Bye.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื•, ื•ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช. ื‘ื™ื™.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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