Cryptocurrency king Sam Bankman-Fried Charged: BBC News Review

39,270 views ใƒป 2022-12-14

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
The so-called King of Crypto has been charged with fraud.
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ใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ชใƒ– ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒ—ใƒˆใŒ่ฉๆฌบ็ฝชใง่ตท่จดใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:04
This is News Review from BBC
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BBC
00:06
Learning English. I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
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ใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใƒ™ใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:09
Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary to talk about this story.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใพใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช
00:14
Don't forget to subscribe to this channel,
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ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
00:16
like this video, and try the quiz on our website.
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ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:20
Now, the story.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใ€‚
00:23
3.1 billion dollars.
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31ๅ„„ใƒ‰ใƒซใ€‚
00:26
That's how much the cryptocurrency exchange company,
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ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ€ๆš—ๅท้€š่ฒจไบคๆ›ไผš็คพใงใ‚ใ‚‹
00:29
FTX, owes to its 50 largest investors.
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FTX ใŒ 50 ใฎๆœ€ๅคงใฎๆŠ•่ณ‡ๅฎถใซ่ฒ ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹้‡‘้กใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ต่จญ่€…ๅ…ผ CEO
00:34
Sam Bankman-Fried, the founder and CEO,
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ใฎ Sam Bankman-Fried
00:38
has been arrested and charged with fraud.
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ใŒ้€ฎๆ•ใ• ใ‚Œใ€่ฉๆฌบ็ฝชใง่ตท่จดใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:42
He's accused of transferring FTX
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ๅฝผใฏใ€FTX ใฎ
00:45
money into his own hedge fund.
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่ณ‡้‡‘ใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใƒ˜ใƒƒใ‚ธใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใƒ‰ใซ้€้‡‘ใ—ใŸใจใ—ใฆๅ‘Š็™บใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:50
You have been looking at the headlines,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€
00:51
Beth. What's the vocabulary?
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ใƒ™ใ‚นใ€‚ ่ชžๅฝ™ๅŠ›ใฏ๏ผŸ
00:53
We have 'file',
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ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใ€ใ€
00:55
'rise and fall', and 'white knight'. This is News Review from BBC
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ใ€Œใƒฉใ‚คใ‚บใƒปใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒปใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒซใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ›ใƒฏใ‚คใƒˆใƒŠใ‚คใƒˆใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ BBC
01:01
Learning English.
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ใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’
01:10
Let's have a look at our
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่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:11
first headline. This is from the New York Times:
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใƒปใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™:
01:23
So US prosecutors have filed charges,
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็ฑณๅ›ฝใฎๆคœๅฏŸๅฎ˜ใฏ่ตท่จด็Šถใ‚’ๆๅ‡บ
01:26
and a charge is an accusation that means he needs to go to court.
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ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:33
He needs to go on trial. But the word
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ๅฝผใฏ่ฃๅˆคใซใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
01:36
we're looking at is 'file' - 'to file something'.
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็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใ€ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:40
When I do this at home, it means that I take an important document like a passport,
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่‡ชๅฎ…ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใƒ‘ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒˆใชใฉใฎ้‡่ฆใชๆ›ธ้กž
01:44
and I put it somewhere safe that I know -
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ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่กŒใใ€ๅฎ‰ๅ…จใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใซไฟ็ฎกใ™ใ‚‹
01:47
I know where it is. Is that the same sense?
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ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:49
Well, this is 'file' as well, it's also a verb
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ 'file' ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅ‹•่ฉž
01:53
but it is a little bit different.
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:54
So, here we're talking about making something official in terms of the law.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ ใงใฏใ€ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ฌๅผใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:00
Yeah, and this man has been arrested, and the headline says
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ—ใฆใ“ใฎ็”ทใฏ้€ฎๆ•ใ• ใ‚Œใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใซ
02:04
that prosecutors have filed charges.
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ใฏๆคœๅฏŸๅฎ˜ใŒ่ตท่จดใ—ใŸใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:07
So, it's all very official,
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02:09
because the prosecutors have legally confirmed that he has been
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ๆคœๅฏŸๅฎ˜ใฏ ๅฝผใŒ่ตท่จดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆณ•็š„ใซ็ขบ่ชใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ้žๅธธใซๅ…ฌๅผ
02:13
charged. Yeah, exactly.
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ใงใ™. ใˆใˆใ€ใพใ•ใซใ€‚
02:14
And there are other words that we can put after 'file' just to show
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ใพใŸใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆณ•ๅพ‹ไธŠๅ…ฌๅผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใ€ใฎๅพŒใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ไป–ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:18
that something is official in law.
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.
02:21
Yes. So, a company could file for bankruptcy.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไผš็คพใฏ็ ด็”ฃใ‚’็”ณ่ซ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:24
That means officially declare or say that they have no money.
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ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ใŠ้‡‘ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ…ฌๅผใซๅฎฃ่จ€ใพใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:29
Yeah. That's right, or a couple might file for divorce.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ†ใง ใชใ„ใจใ€ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใƒซใŒ้›ขๅฉšใ‚’็”ณ่ซ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:32
If you're self employed, then you might file your taxes online.
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่‡ชๅ–ถๆฅญใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใง็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚’็”ณๅ‘Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:36
OK, let's take a look at that again.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’
02:47
Let's have a look at our next headline.
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่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
02:49
This one is from Al Jazeera:
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ธใƒผใƒฉใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:59
So, the headline talks about FTX -
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏๅ€’็”ฃใ—
03:01
the crypto currency exchange, which has gone bankrupt,
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ใŸไปฎๆƒณ้€š่ฒจๅ–ๅผ•ๆ‰€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ FTX
03:05
and talks about the rise and fall of this company.
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎไผš็คพใฎ็››่กฐใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:08
Well, I know what 'rise' means: 'go up', and 'fall': 'go down'.
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ใ€ŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใŒใ€ŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œไธ‹ใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใŒใ€Œไธ‹ใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:13
But, this is a set expression.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆฑบใพใฃใŸ่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
03:14
What's the sense? Yeah.
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:16
So, when we talk about the rise of something like a company,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ไผš็คพใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฎๅฐ้ ญใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€
03:19
it means it's getting better and better.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚ŒใŒใพใ™ใพใ™่‰ฏใใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:22
But then we get the fall.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใฎๅพŒใ€็ง‹ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:23
There are some problems.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:24
Maybe a loss of reputation.
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ๅ่ช‰ๆฃ„ๆใ‹ใ‚‚ใ€‚
03:27
OK. So, this expression, 'rise and fall', is that
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใจไธ‹้™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใฏใ€
03:29
just for companies? Financial stuff like that.
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ไผๆฅญใ ใ‘ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ใใ‚“ใช้‡‘่žใƒใ‚ฟใ€‚
03:32
No. So, it can also be used for people or teams - regimes is another one.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไบบ ใ‚„ใƒใƒผใƒ ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ไฝ“ๅˆถใฏๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
03:38
Anything really that has a period of success and then becomes unsuccessful,
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ๆˆๅŠŸใฎๆœŸ้–“ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅพŒๅคฑๆ•—
03:42
they lose their success. Yeah.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ๆˆๅŠŸใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:44
And that's really important that when they are successful, this expression
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใŸใจใใ€ใ“ใฎ
03:48
'rise and fall' means that they're really successful, really dominant,
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ใ€Œๆตฎใๆฒˆใฟใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆˆๅŠŸใ—ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ”ฏ้…็š„ใง
03:51
and then that goes away quickly.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใฎๅพŒใ™ใใซๆถˆใˆใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™.
03:54
Yeah. Now, we do often see this in headlines,
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹
03:56
as we have here, we see it to talk about products.
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ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่ฃฝๅ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซ็›ฎใซ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:00
Book titles. For example, there's that book:
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ๆœฌใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒˆใƒซใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐ ใ€ใ‚ใฎๆœฌใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™:
04:02
The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaurs.
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The Rise and Fall of the Dinosaursใ€‚
04:05
I also saw a headline about the rise and fall of DVDs.
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DVDใฎ็››่กฐใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
04:10
Yeah. DVDs used to be everywhere.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ DVDใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:12
They were dominant. Now, they're less popular because of streaming. A word
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ”ฏ้…็š„ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็พๅœจใ€ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ‚ใพใ‚Šไบบๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:17
on pronunciation.
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็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆไธ€่จ€ใ€‚
04:18
We've got the expression:
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04:20
'the rise and fall of', but said together,
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ใ€ŒใฎไธŠๆ˜‡ใจไธ‹้™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใ†ใจ
04:25
there's a lot of linking and some of the vowel sounds change.
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ใ€ๅคšใใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎไธ€้ƒจใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:29
So, let's listen to that: 'the rise and fall of'.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใจไธ‹้™ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:31
Yeah. 'The rise and fall of'. The rise and fall of the dinosaurs.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œใฎ็››่กฐใ€ใ€‚ ๆ็ซœใฎ็››่กฐใ€‚
04:37
Let's look at that one more time.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:46
Let's have a look at our next headline. This is from Reuters.
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ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒญใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:56
So, the headline is saying that Sam Bankman-Fried
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใ‚ตใƒ ใƒปใƒใƒณใ‚ฏใƒžใƒณ=ใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒ‰
04:58
has taken a sudden turn - that means he has changed
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ใŒๆ€ฅๅค‰ใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใŒๅ‡บใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผ
05:03
from being a white knight to a detainee.
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ใฏ็™ฝ้จŽๅฃซ ใ‹ใ‚‰่ขซๆ‹˜็ฆ่€…ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:06
A 'detainee' is someone who's being held, often by the police like
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ใ€Œๆ‹˜็•™่€…ใ€ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ญฆๅฏŸใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๆ‹˜ๆŸใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ
05:11
in this case, and a 'white knight' is what we're looking at. Now,
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ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใƒ›ใƒฏใ‚คใƒˆ ใƒŠใ‚คใƒˆใ€ใจใฏ ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€
05:16
Knight. We all know a knight from myths and fiction - the person
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ใƒŠใ‚คใƒˆใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€็ฅž่ฉฑใ‚„ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹้จŽๅฃซใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ - ้Žงใจๅ‰ฃใ‚’
05:22
on a horse with the armour and the sword.
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ๆŒใฃใŸ้ฆฌใซไน—ใฃใŸไบบ็‰ฉ ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:24
Saving people.
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ไบบใ‚’ๆ•‘ใ†ใ€‚
05:25
Is that what we're talking about?
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:27
Yeah, kind of, that is a knight.
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ใˆใˆใ€ไธ€็จฎใฎใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้จŽๅฃซใงใ™ใ€‚
05:30
So, we're looking at 'white knights'.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œ็™ฝใ„้จŽๅฃซใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:32
It's a fictional, literary character that can be a person or a thing.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€ไบบใพใŸใฏ็‰ฉใซใชใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ๆžถ็ฉบใฎๆ–‡ๅญฆ็š„ใชใ‚ญใƒฃใƒฉใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
05:38
And it rescues or helps people, and
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๆ•‘ใฃใŸใ‚ŠๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆ
05:41
importantly, a white knight can also be someone that gives financial help.
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้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใซใ€็™ฝใ„้จŽๅฃซ ใฏ็ตŒๆธˆ็š„ใชๆดๅŠฉใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใซใ‚‚ใชใ‚Šๅพ—ใพใ™.
05:47
OK. So, we have the literal knight on the horse with the armour
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ้Žงใ‚’็€ใŸ้ฆฌใซไน—ใฃใŸๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎ้จŽๅฃซใจใ€ไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ€ไผๆฅญใ‚’่ฒกๆ”ฟ็š„ใซๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹
05:51
and we've got the metaphorical 'white knight' -
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ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชใ€Œ็™ฝใ„้จŽๅฃซใ€ใŒใ„
05:53
helping people, helping companies financially.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:57
Why is the headline calling Sam Bankman-Fried a white knight?
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่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใŒ ใ‚ตใƒ ใƒปใƒใƒณใ‚ฏใƒžใƒณ๏ผใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’็™ฝ้จŽๅฃซใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใชใœใงใ™ใ‹?
06:01
Well, before the collapse of FTX,
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ใˆใˆใจใ€FTXใŒๅดฉๅฃŠใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ
06:04
he said that he was going to give money to fund science and help others.
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ใ€ๅฝผใฏ ็ง‘ๅญฆใซ่ณ‡้‡‘ใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:09
He also had a lot of respect from people in the financial world.
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ๅฝผใฏใพใŸใ€้‡‘่ž็•Œใฎไบบใ€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎๅฐŠๆ•ฌใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
06:14
So, people thought he was going to be really helpful to society
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๅฝผใŒ ็คพไผšใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸ.
06:19
Is this expression -
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ใ“ใฎ่กจ็พ -
06:20
'white knight' - is it used very often in an average conversation?
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ใ€Œ็™ฝใ„้จŽๅฃซใ€ - ใฏ ๅนณๅ‡็š„ใชไผš่ฉฑใง้žๅธธใซ้ ป็นใซไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹?
06:24
No, not really.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:25
So, if someone helps you,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
06:27
you're more likely to call them 'helpful', or you might say they are 'generous',
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎไบบใ‚’ใ€ŒๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚ŒใŸใ€ ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ€Œๅฏ›ๅคงใ€ใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ
06:31
but we do hear 'white knight' in fictional stories and in headlines.
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ใ€ๆžถ็ฉบใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚„่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใ€Œ็™ฝใ„้จŽๅฃซใ€ใ‚’่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ .
06:36
OK, let's look at that again.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:45
We've had 'file' -
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ -
06:46
make something official by law.
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ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ฌๅผใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:48
'Rise and fall' - something does
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ใ€ŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใจไธ‹้™ใ€-ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ
06:50
well, and then does badly'. And 'white knight' - someone
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ใ†ใพใใ„ใใ€ใใฎๅพŒๆ‚ชใใชใ‚‹ใ€. ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ็™ฝ้จŽๅฃซใ€ -
06:54
or something that helps others.
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ไป–ไบบใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ไบบใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ€‚ bbclearningenglish.com ใฎ
06:56
Don't forget there's a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:01
Thank you for joining us, and goodbye. Bye.
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ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ— ใŸใ€‚ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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