United against food waste - 6 Minute English

202,384 views ใƒป 2022-12-29

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:06
Hello. This is 6 Minute
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ืฉืœื•ื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช
00:08
English from BBC Learning
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ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช BBC Learning
00:09
English. I'm Neil.
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English. ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ.
00:10
And I'm Sam.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืกื.
00:11
Does this situation
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ื”ืื ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”
00:12
sound familiar to you,
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ื ืฉืžืข ืœืš ืžื•ื›ืจ,
00:14
Sam? You reach into the
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ืกื? ืืชื” ืžื•ืฉื™ื˜ ื™ื“ ืœืžืงืจืจ
00:15
kitchen refrigerator looking
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ื”ืžื˜ื‘ื—
00:17
for something to eat, only
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ืžื—ืคืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ, ืจืง
00:19
to find a brown lettuce,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื—ืกื” ื—ื•ืžื”,
00:21
a sad-looking cucumber,
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ืžืœืคืคื•ืŸ ืขืฆื•ื‘ ืœืžืจืื”
00:23
and some two-week old fish,
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ื•ืื™ื–ื” ื“ื’ ื‘ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื,
00:25
all past its use-by date โ€“
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ื›ื•ืœื ืขื‘ืจ ืืช ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœื• -
00:28
the date printed on the
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ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ืžื•ื“ืคืก ืขืœ
00:29
food containers showing
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ืžื™ื›ืœื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืžืจืื”
00:31
how long it is safe to eat.
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื›ื™ืœื”.
00:33
Oh, I'm guilty of wasting food,
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ื”ื•, ืื ื™ ืืฉื ื‘ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืื•ื›ืœ,
00:34
Neil โ€“ me and many others.
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ื ื™ืœ - ืื ื™ ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
00:37
According to the UN,
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ืœืคื™ ื”ืื•"ื,
00:38
one third of the food we
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ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื•
00:40
grow ends up in the rubbish bin.
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ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืคื— ื”ืืฉืคื”.
00:42
And it's not just food
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืžื–ื•ืŸ
00:44
thatโ€™s wasted โ€“ it's also
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ืฉืžืชื‘ื–ื‘ื– - ื–ื” ื’ื
00:45
the resources used to
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ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื
00:47
produce that food, things like
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ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•
00:49
water, land and transport.
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ืžื™ื, ืื“ืžื” ื•ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”.
00:51
In this programme, we'll be
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•,
00:52
talking about food waste.
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ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
00:54
We'll meet the people
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ื ืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื
00:55
trying to stop us from throwing
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ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืœื–ืจื•ืง
00:57
good food away, and, as usual,
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ืื•ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ,
00:59
we'll be learning some
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ื ืœืžื“
01:01
new vocabulary as well.
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ื’ื ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:02
Here in the UK, big supermarkets
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ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”, ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื
01:04
import food from abroad
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ืžื™ื™ื‘ืื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื•"ืœ
01:06
for customers to enjoy
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื
01:07
all year round.
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ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”.
01:08
Summer fruit like strawberries
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ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืงื™ืฅ ื›ืžื• ืชื•ืชื™ื
01:10
and mangos are flown
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ื•ืžื ื’ื• ืžื•ื˜ืกื™ื
01:12
in from tropical countries
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ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื•ืช
01:13
and sold in winter,
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ื•ื ืžื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืจืฃ, ืžื”
01:14
increasing carbon emissions
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ืฉืžื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืคืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคื—ืžืŸ
01:16
as well as waste.
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ื•ื’ื ืืช ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช.
01:18
Yes, that's why you hear
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืืชื” ืฉื•ืžืข
01:19
the phrase, 'eat local, eat seasonal'
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ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ 'ืื›ื•ืœ ืžืงื•ืžื™, ืื›ืœ ืขื•ื ืชื™'
01:22
to encourage people to
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื
01:23
buy and eat food which
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ืœืงื ื•ืช ื•ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื•ื“ืœ
01:24
has been grown in
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01:25
their local area,
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ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื”ื,
01:26
at that time of year.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”.
01:28
So, Sam, my question is โ€“
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ืื–, ืกื, ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื -
01:30
which of the following foods
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ืื™ื–ื” ืžื”ืžื–ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื
01:32
can be grown in Britain
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”
01:33
throughout the year? Is it:
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ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”? ื”ืื ื–ื”:
01:35
a) strawberries? b) kale? or,
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ื) ืชื•ืชื™ื? ื‘) ืงื™ื™ืœ? ืื•,
01:38
c) rhubarb?
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ื’) ืจื™ื‘ืก?
01:39
Hmmm, itโ€™s definitely not
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ื”ืžืž, ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื
01:41
strawberries 'cos they only
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ืชื•ืชื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื
01:43
grow in summer, so I'll say b) kale.
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ื’ื“ืœื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืงื™ืฅ, ืื– ืื ื™ ืื’ื™ื“ ื‘) ืงื™ื™ืœ.
01:46
OK, I'll reveal the answer
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื ื™ ืื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
01:48
later. We've talked about
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ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ
01:49
supermarkets in Britain,
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ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”,
01:51
but food waste is happening all
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืชืจื—ืฉ
01:53
over the world. In Puerto Rico,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ื’ื ื‘ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ืจื™ืงื•
01:56
too, most people shop in
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืงื•ื ื™ื
01:57
supermarkets, making it difficult
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ื‘ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืงืฉื”
01:59
for farmers to choose what
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ืขืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžื”
02:01
to sell, and how much to
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ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืžื”
02:02
charge for their fruit
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ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช
02:03
and vegetables.
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ื•ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
02:04
Josefina Arcay is a farmer
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Josefina Arcay ื”ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ืช
02:07
who wanted to make it
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ืฉืจืฆืชื”
02:08
easier for customers to
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ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช
02:09
buy local food. She started
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ืœืงื ื•ืช ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ืžื™. ื”ื™ื ืคืชื—ื”
02:11
an online shop to connect
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ื—ื ื•ืช ืžืงื•ื•ื ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ
02:13
shoppers with farmers directly,
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ืงื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช,
02:15
without the supermarkets.
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ืœืœื ื”ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ื™ื.
02:17
Here Josefina explains her
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ื›ืืŸ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื” ื™ื•ืกืคื™ื ื” ืืช
02:19
project to Jo Mathys, reporter
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ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืฉืœื” ืœื’'ื• ืžืืช'ื™ืก, ื›ืชื‘ืช
02:21
for BBC World Service Programme,
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ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ BBC,
02:23
People Fixing The World.
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People Fixing The World.
02:25
So Josefina, that's the farmer
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ืื– ื’'ื•ื–ืคื™ื ื”, ื–ื• ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช
02:27
who we heard earlier growing
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ืฉืฉืžืขื ื• ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืœืช ืืช
02:28
those giant avocados, she
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ื”ืื‘ื•ืงื“ื• ื”ืขื ืงื™ ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื
02:30
used to have to sell her
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช
02:31
crops to these kind of middlemen.
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ื”ื™ื‘ื•ืœ ืฉืœื” ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื.
02:33
We had a lot of... I donโ€™t know how you call carreros...
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื”... ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืงื•ืจื ืœืงืืจืจื•ืก... ื–ื”
02:36
itโ€™s just people that have
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ืจืง ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื
02:38
a big truck and they will
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ืžืฉืื™ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื”ื
02:40
just come by, and they will say,
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื‘ื•ืื•, ื•ื”ื ื™ื’ื™ื“ื•,
02:41
'What do you have? Ohhhโ€ฆ that's
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'ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืš? ืื”ื”ื”... ื–ื”
02:43
too expensive! Woohโ€ฆ very expensive!
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ื™ืงืจ ืžื“ื™! ื•ื•ืื•... ื™ืงืจ ืžืื•ื“!
02:46
I want it half that price'.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื–ื”'.
02:47
So I didn't have any way of
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ืื– ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš
02:50
controlling how I was going
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ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš
02:52
to sell - it just depended
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ืœืžื›ื•ืจ - ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื” ืชืœื•ื™
02:54
on these people coming.
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ื‘ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืื•.
02:55
And a lot of these carreros
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ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืงืจืจื• ื”ืืœื”
02:57
are kind of commissioned by
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ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™
02:59
the supermarkets. All this leads
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ื”ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ื™ื. ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ
03:00
to food waste because it's really
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ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ
03:02
hard for farmers, like Josefina,
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ืฉืœื—ืงืœืื™ื, ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ื–ืคื™ื ื”, ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“
03:04
to predict which crops
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ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืื™ืœื• ื™ื‘ื•ืœื™ื
03:06
they're going to be able to sell.
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ื”ื ื™ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœืžื›ื•ืจ.
03:07
Josefina used to sell her
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ื™ื•ื–ืคื™ื ื” ื ื”ื’ื” ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช
03:09
food to carreros or middlemen โ€“
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ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœื” ืœืงืจืจื•ืก ืื• ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื -
03:12
people who buy food
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืงื•ื ื™ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ
03:13
directly from the grower,
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ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืžื’ื“ืœ,
03:15
and make money by selling
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ื•ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจืชื•
03:16
it on to customers. Josefina
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ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช. ืœื™ื•ื–ืคื™ื ื”
03:18
had no control over what to sell,
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžื” ืœืžื›ื•ืจ,
03:20
and a lot of her food went to waste.
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ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœื” ื”ืœืš ืœืคื—.
03:22
Usually middlemen are commissioned โ€“
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื™ื ืžื•ืคืงื“ื™ื -
03:25
they received a payment from
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ื”ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื”ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ื™ื
03:26
the supermarkets directly related
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ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช
03:28
to the amount they sell.
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ืœืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื.
03:29
But with Josefina's online shop,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื ื”ื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื•ื ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”,
03:32
farmers get a fair price for their food,
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ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœื”ื,
03:34
customers get high-quality,
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ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื
03:37
fresh vegetables, and less
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ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ืคื—ื•ืช
03:38
food is wasted.
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ืื•ื›ืœ ืžื‘ื•ื–ื‘ื–.
03:40
Another problem is that
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ื‘ืขื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื™ื
03:41
we throw away food after
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื–ื•ืจืงื™ื ืื•ื›ืœ ืื—ืจื™
03:43
we've bought it. In fact,
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ืฉืงื ื™ื ื• ืื•ืชื•. ืœืžืขืฉื”,
03:45
the UN estimates that
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ื”ืื•"ื ืžืขืจื™ืš ืฉ
03:46
60 percent of food waste
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-60 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ
03:48
happens in this way,
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ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื•,
03:49
often because it's past
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืืจื™ืš
03:51
the use-by date and
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ื”ื™ืขื“ ื—ืœืฃ ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ
03:52
might not be safe to eat.
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ืฉืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื›ื™ืœื”.
03:54
But according to green designer,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื”,
03:55
Solveiga Pakstaite, these
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Solveiga Pakstaite,
03:58
use-by dates aren't always accurate,
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ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื,
04:00
something she discussed with
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ื ื” ืขื
04:02
BBC World Service's,
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ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”-BBC World Service,
04:03
People Fixing The World.
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People Fixing The World.
04:04
Well, food makers don't
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฆืจื ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื
04:06
know how people will keep
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ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉืžืจื• ืขืœ
04:07
their products, so for instance,
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ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื, ืื– ืœืžืฉืœ,
04:09
they might forget to put
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ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืœืฉื™ื ืืช
04:10
their groceries straight
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ื”ืžืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื™ืฉืจ
04:11
in the fridge when they
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ื‘ืžืงืจืจ ื›ืฉื”ื
04:12
get home. So what they do
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ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”. ืื– ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื
04:13
is they calculate the
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ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืช
04:14
use-by date using a
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ืชืืจื™ืš ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืœืคื™
04:16
very cautious estimate.
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ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื–ื”ื™ืจื”.
04:17
Food producers and supermarkets...
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ื™ืฆืจื ื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ื™ื...
04:20
they kind of have to calculate
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ื”ื ื“ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืืช
04:22
it to the worst-case scenario
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ื–ื” ืœืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ื”ื’ืจื•ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:24
because they don't know which
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืื™ื–ื”
04:25
product is going to get
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ืžื•ืฆืจ ื™ื™ืฉืžืจ
04:26
stored at the wrong temperature,
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ื‘ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ืœื ื ื›ื•ื ื”,
04:27
so they have to blanket apply
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ืื– ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื—ื™ืœ
04:29
a shorter date to protect consumers.
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ืชืืจื™ืš ืงืฆืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื .
04:32
Supermarkets set cautious use-by dates
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ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ื™ื ืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื–ื”ื™ืจื™ื
04:35
for the worst-case scenario โ€“
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ืœืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ื”ื’ืจื•ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ -
04:37
the worst case that could possibly
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ื”ืžืงืจื” ื”ื’ืจื•ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืขืœื•ืœ
04:39
happen in a situation, for example,
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ืœืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘, ืœืžืฉืœ,
04:41
someone getting sick and dying
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื—ื•ืœื” ื•ืžืช
04:43
of food poisoning.
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ืžื”ืจืขืœืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
04:44
In other words,
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ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช,
04:45
they blanket apply use-by dates.
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ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ.
04:48
Here, blanket is an adverb meaning
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ื›ืืŸ, ืฉืžื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืชื•ืืจ
04:51
applied in the same way to everything,
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ื”ืžื•ื—ืœืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ,
04:53
even when there are
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ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉ
04:54
differences between those things.
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ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•.
04:56
Doing this protects customers
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ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ืžื’ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช
04:58
from bad food, but it also
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ืžืžื–ื•ืŸ ืจืข, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื’ื
05:00
means a lot of safe-to-eat food
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ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื›ื™ืœื”
05:02
gets thrown away.
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ื ื–ืจืง ืœืคื—.
05:03
Maybe it's best to stick to local,
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ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื“ื‘ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื•ืขื•ื ืชื™
05:06
seasonal food after all.
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.
05:07
Anyway, Neil, what was the
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”, ื ื™ืœ, ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
05:09
answer to your question?
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœืชืš?
05:10
Right. I asked you which
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ื™ืžื™ืŸ. ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชืš ืื™ื–ื”
05:12
food could be grown in
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ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ื“ืœ
05:13
Britain all year round.
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ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื”.
05:14
You said kale, which was...
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ืืžืจืช ืงื™ื™ืœ, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”...
05:16
the correct answer!
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื”!
05:18
Unlike strawberries and rhubarb,
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ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืชื•ืชื™ื ื•ืจื™ื‘ืก,
05:20
kale grows in all seasons, and
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ื”ืงื™ื™ืœ ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”, ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:22
what's more, itโ€™s good
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ืžื›ืš, ื–ื” ื˜ื•ื‘
05:23
for you too! OK, let's
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ื’ื ืœืš! ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื‘ื•ืื•
05:25
recap the vocabulary we've
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ื ืกื›ื ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื
05:26
learned starting with use-by date โ€“
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ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ื”ื—ืœ ืžืชืืจื™ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื“ -
05:29
the date until which
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ื”ืชืืจื™ืš ืฉืขื“ ืืœื™ื•
05:30
food is safe to eat.
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ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื›ื™ืœื”.
05:31
The slogan eat local,
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ื”ืกื™ืกืžื” ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืžืงื•ืžื™,
05:33
eat seasonal encourages
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ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืขื•ื ืชื™ ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช
05:34
people to buy food which
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ
05:36
has been grown locally
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ืฉื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื
05:37
during the current season.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืขื•ื ื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช.
05:39
A middleman buys produce
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ืžืชื•ื•ืš ืงื•ื ื” ืชื•ืฆืจืช
05:40
directly from the producer,
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ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ,
05:42
before selling it on to
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืจ ืื•ืชื”
05:43
customers for a profit.
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ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืชืžื•ืจืช ืจื•ื•ื—.
05:44
If he is commissioned,
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ืื ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื–ืžืŸ,
05:46
he received a payment directly
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ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื
05:47
related to the amount he sells.
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ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื›ืจ.
05:49
The worst-case scenario
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ื”ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ื”ื’ืจื•ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:51
describes the most serious,
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ืžืชืืจ ืืช
05:52
unpleasant thing that
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืžื•ืจ ื•ื”ืœื ื ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ
05:54
could happen in a situation.
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ืœืงืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘.
05:55
And finally, the adverb
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ,
05:57
blanket means applied in
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ืฉืžื™ื›ืช ื”ืชื•ืืจ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” ืžื™ื•ืฉื ื‘ืื•ืชื•
05:59
the same uniform way to
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ืื•ืคืŸ ืื—ื™ื“ ืขืœ
06:01
everything, even when there
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ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื’ื ื›ืืฉืจ
06:02
are differences between
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ื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ
06:03
those things. Bye for now!
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื!
06:04
Bye bye!
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ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™!
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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