Monkeypox: New disease spreads: BBC News Review

97,000 views ใƒป 2022-05-24

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
Monkey pox cases continue to spread around the world.
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ืžืงืจื™ ืื‘ืขื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
00:04
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
00:07
I'm Neil. Joining me is Roy. Hello Roy.
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ. ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ ืจื•ืขื™. ืฉืœื•ื ืจื•ืขื™.
00:10
Hello Neil and hello everybody.
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ืฉืœื•ื ื ื™ืœ ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื.
00:13
If you would like to test yourself on the vocabulary around this story,
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ืื ืชืจืฆื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”,
00:17
all you need to do is head to our website
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•
00:19
bbclearningenglish.com to take a quiz.
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bbclearningenglish.com ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื—ืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ.
00:23
But now, let's hear more about this story from this BBC News report:
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉืžืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”-BBC:
00:55
So, new cases of monkey pox are being discovered in the UK every day.
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ืื–, ืžืงืจื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ืื‘ืขื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืงื•ืฃ ืžืชื’ืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื.
01:02
There have now been outbreaks
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ื›ืขืช ื”ื™ื• ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช
01:04
in at least fifteen countries around the world.
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ื‘ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืžืฉ ืขืฉืจื” ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
01:07
Global authorities are meeting to discuss the outbreak.
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ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื•ืช ื ืคื’ืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืคืจืฆื•ืช.
01:12
OK. You've been looking at this story across the world's media
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื”ืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื
01:16
and you've picked out some really interesting vocabulary.
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ื•ื‘ื—ืจืช ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช.
01:19
What have you got?
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ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืš?
01:20
We have 'ramp up', 'formidable' and 'explodes'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืจืžืคื”', 'ืื™ืžืชื ื™ืช' ื•'ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฆืช'.
01:25
'Ramp up', 'formidable' and 'explodes'.
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'ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ', 'ืื™ืžืชื ื™' ื•'ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฅ'.
01:30
Let's take a look at your first headline please, Roy.
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ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœืš ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืจื•ื™.
01:34
OK. So, our first headline comes from The Guardian and it reads:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžื”ื’ืจื“ื™ืืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”:
01:44
ย  'Ramp up' โ€” increase level of something dramatically.
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'ื”ื’ื“ืœื”' - ื”ื’ื“ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™.
01:49
Yes. So, this is a phrasal verb.
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ื›ืŸ. ืื– ื–ื”ื• ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™.
01:53
Two words. First word: R-A-M-P.
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ืฉืชื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื. ืžื™ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื”: ืจ-ื-ืž-ืค.
01:56
Second word: U-P โ€“ 'up'.
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ืžื™ืœื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื”: U-P โ€“ 'ืœืžืขืœื”'.
01:58
And it is a separable phrasal verb,
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืคืจื“ื”,
02:01
which means you can 'ramp something up'
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ 'ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉื”ื•'
02:03
or 'ramp up something'.
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ืื• 'ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉื”ื•'.
02:05
And it means increase something sharply.
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ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื—ื“ื•ืช.
02:09
Now, Roy, it might be useful for remembering this word
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืจื•ื™, ืื•ืœื™ ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื•
02:12
to look at that first part 'ramp' as a noun.
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ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ 'ืจืžืคื”' ื›ืฉื ืขืฆื.
02:17
A 'ramp' is a structure to help something with wheels
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'ืจืžืคื”' ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืขื ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื
02:21
go from a lower level to a higher level:
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ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืจืžื” ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ:
02:23
for example, a wheelchair or a car.
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ื™ืกื ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืื• ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช.
02:27
Yes. So, that idea of taking something with wheels from one level to another,
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ื›ืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืขื ื’ืœื’ืœื™ื ืžืจืžื” ืื—ืช ืœืื—ืจืช,
02:32
from increasing its level,
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ืžื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืจืžื” ืฉืœื•,
02:34
really helps us to understand the idea of 'ramp up'.
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ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ 'ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช'.
02:37
Now, 'ramp up' basically means increase something suddenly.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, "ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ" ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืคืชืื•ื.
02:42
Now, in terms of the headline, we're talking about 'ramping up' efforts.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ 'ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช' ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื.
02:46
You can also use it in the working world:
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”:
02:49
for example, if you need to 'ramp up' your work or your effort on a project.
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš 'ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ' ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœืš ืื• ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฅ ืฉืœืš ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜.
02:54
And if there is a lack of a product, you can 'ramp up' manufacture.
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ื•ืื ื™ืฉ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ 'ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ' ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ.
02:59
Are there any alternatives to this word 'ramp up'?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ื”ืชื’ื‘ืจื•ืช'?
03:03
Yeah. OK. So, 'ramp up' is a phrasal verb, which means it's quite informal.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, 'ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ' ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™, ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ ืœื ืคื•ืจืžืœื™.
03:08
Another phrasal verb would be 'step up',
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ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื™ื”ื™ื” 'ืฉืœื‘ ืœืžืขืœื”',
03:11
but if you want to go away... get away from phrasal verbs,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชืจื—ืง... ื”ืชืจื—ืง ืžืคืขืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื™ื,
03:13
you could use 'increase' or 'boost'.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘'ื”ื’ื“ืœื”' ืื• 'ื”ื’ื‘ืจื”'.
03:16
So, you could 'increase' your efforts or 'boost' your efforts.
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ืื– ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ 'ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ' ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืฉืœืš ืื• 'ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ' ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืฉืœืš.
03:20
And specifically related to efforts, you could 'double your efforts'.
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ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžืืžืฆื™ื, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ 'ืœื”ื›ืคื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื'.
03:25
OK. Let's get a summary:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืงื‘ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
03:34
Now, of course over the last two years,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ , ื‘ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
03:36
we have talked a lot about illnesses spreading around the world.
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ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืช ืฉืžืชืคืฉื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
03:39
We have plenty of stories about coronavirus.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.
03:42
We've got a really interesting one
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืื—ื“ ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
03:44
from the vocabulary point of view, haven't we, Roy?
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ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืจื•ืขื™?
03:46
Yes, we do. And all you need to do to watch that
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ื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืŸ. ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื–ื”
03:49
is click the link in the description below.
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ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”.
03:53
Now, it's time for your next headline please.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœืš ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
03:55
OK. So, our next headline comes from The Independent and it reads:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืคื ื“ื ื˜ ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช:
04:11
Right. 'Formidable' โ€” F-O-R-M-I-D-A-B-L-E.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ. 'ืื™ืžืชื ื™' โ€” ืค-ื•-ืจ-ืž-ื™-ื“-ื-ื‘-ืœ-ื”.
04:16
And it basically describes something
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืชืืจ ืžืฉื”ื•
04:19
that causes fear because it is very difficult.
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ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœืคื—ื“ ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื”.
04:22
Yes. And we often see this word used
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ื›ืŸ. ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื•
04:25
in combination with the word 'challenge': a 'formidable challenge'.
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ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืืชื’ืจ': 'ืืชื’ืจ ืื“ื™ืจ'.
04:29
Yeah. So, if a... if a challenge is 'formidable',
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื– ืื... ืื ืืชื’ืจ ื”ื•ื 'ืื“ื™ืจ',
04:31
it's basically saying that it is a very difficult challenge,
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ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื–ื” ืืชื’ืจ ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“,
04:35
to the point where it scares you or causes fear.
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ืขื“ ืœื ืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ืื•ืชืš ืื• ื’ื•ืจื ืœืคื—ื“.
04:39
Now, synonyms for 'formidable' could be 'daunting' or 'intimidating'.
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ื›ืขืช, ืžื™ืœื™ื ื ืจื“ืคื•ืช ืœ'ืื™ืžืชื ื™' ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช 'ืžืจืชื™ืข' ืื• 'ืžืื™ื™ื'.
04:45
And it can be used to describe challenges
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ื•ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืืจ ืืชื’ืจื™ื
04:47
or situations that are difficult.
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ืื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื.
04:51
Also, for example, it could be used to describe an army.
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืœืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฆื‘ื.
04:54
So, if it is a 'formidable' force,
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ืื– ืื ื–ื” ื›ื•ื— 'ืื™ืžืชื ื™',
04:57
you're describing a force that is very powerful:
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ืืชื” ืžืชืืจ ื›ื•ื— ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื–ืง:
05:00
an army that is very powerful and scary.
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ืฆื‘ื ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื–ืง ื•ืžืคื—ื™ื“.
05:03
You could even... even use it to describe, for example, a mountain:
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืืคื™ืœื•... ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืืจ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ืจ:
05:07
if there is a 'formidable' mountain,
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ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจ 'ืื™ืžืชื ื™',
05:09
it maybe says that that mountain is very big and scary.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื”ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžืคื—ื™ื“.
05:14
So, it's often used to talk about things like size, power and difficulty.
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ืื–, ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ื’ื•ื“ืœ, ื›ื•ื— ื•ืงื•ืฉื™.
05:20
And how about people? Can we describe people as 'formidable'?
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ื•ืžื” ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื? ื”ืื ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ื›'ืื™ืžืชื ื™ื™ื'?
05:24
Yes, you can. So, for example,
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ื›ืŸ ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ. ืื–, ืœืžืฉืœ,
05:26
if somebody has read a lot about a subject,
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ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืงืจื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉื ืžืกื•ื™ื,
05:29
you could say they have 'formidable' knowledge of a subject.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื™ื“ืข 'ืื“ื™ืจ' ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.
05:33
Or in politics, for example, you may have a very powerful opponent
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ืื• ื‘ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื”, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื™ืจื™ื‘ ื—ื–ืง ืžืื•ื“
05:39
and you could describe that person as a 'formidable' opponent.
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืืจ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืื“ื ื›ื™ืจื™ื‘ 'ืื™ืžืชื ื™'.
05:43
OK. Let's have a summary:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
05:52
Talking about fear, we have a programme about spiders, don't we, Roy?
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ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื—ื“, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ืขื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื, ืœื, ืจื•ืขื™?
05:57
Yes, we do. And all you need to do to watch that programme
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ื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืŸ. ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช
06:01
is click the link in the description below.
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ื”ื™ื ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”.
06:04
Time now for your next headline.
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ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœืš.
06:06
OK. So, our next headline comes from The Sun and it reads:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžื”ืกืืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช:
06:22
'Explodes' โ€” increases rapidly.
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'ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฅ' - ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
06:26
Yes. So, this word is a verb
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ื›ืŸ. ืื–, ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืคื•ืขืœ
06:28
and it is spelt E-X-P-L-O-D-E-S.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ื™ืชืช E-X-P-L-O-D-E-S.
06:32
And it basically means to increase suddenly and quickly.
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ื•ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืคืชืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
06:37
Now, Roy, usually we hear this word 'explode' in connection with bombs.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืจื•ืขื™, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ืœื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฅ' ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœืคืฆืฆื•ืช.
06:43
Yes. Now, if you think about that idea of a bomb, it's...
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ื›ืŸ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืคืฆืฆื”, ื–ื”...
06:47
it very quickly goes from nothing to a very huge event.
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ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžื›ืœื•ื ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ืขื ืง ืžืื•ื“.
06:53
So, we use this idea of 'explode' to talk about a huge increase
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ 'ื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฆื•ืช' ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”
06:58
in the number of things or people.
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ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื• ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
07:01
For example, product sales could 'explode'
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืžื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช 'ืœื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฅ'
07:05
if something gets bought a lot.
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ืื ืžืฉื”ื• ื ืงื ื” ื”ืจื‘ื”.
07:08
Or even if, for example, a singer suddenly becomes very popular,
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื–ืžืจ ื”ื•ืคืš ืคืชืื•ื ืœืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ืžืื•ื“,
07:12
you could say they 'explode in popularity'.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื 'ืžืชืคื•ืฆืฆื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช'.
07:16
Another way that we could talk about this:
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ื“ืจืš ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”:
07:18
after pandemic restrictions eased, we could say that
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ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื” ื”ืงืœื•, ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืžืกืคืจ
07:21
the number of commuters on trains 'exploded'.
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ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช 'ื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฅ'.
07:25
Are there any alternatives, Roy?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืจื•ืขื™?
07:27
Yeah, you could say a 'sharp rise', a 'sudden increase'
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ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ 'ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื—ื“ื”', 'ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืคืชืื•ืžื™ืช'
07:32
or you could use the verb 'soar'.
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ืื• ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” 'ืœื–ื ืง'.
07:34
OK. Let's get a summary:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ื ื ืงื‘ืœ ืชืงืฆื™ืจ: ื”ื’ื™ืข
07:43
Time now for a recap please, Roy.
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืจื•ืขื™.
07:45
OK. We had 'ramp up' โ€” increase level of something dramatically.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืขืœื™ื™ื”' - ื”ืขืœืืช ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™.
07:50
We had 'formidable' โ€” describes something that causes fear
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืื™ืžืชื ื™' - ืžืชืืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื’ื•ืจื ืœืคื—ื“
07:55
because it is difficult.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืงืฉื”.
07:57
And we had 'explodes' โ€” increases rapidly.
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื• 'ื”ืชืคื•ืฆืฆื•ืช' - ืขืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
08:01
It's really important that you test yourself on the vocabulary you learn,
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ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืืชื” ืœื•ืžื“,
08:05
so go to our website at bbclearningenglish.com
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ืื– ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช bbclearningenglish.com
08:08
where you'll find a quiz and lots of other activities
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ืฉื ืชืžืฆื ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
08:11
to help you improve your English.
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ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœืš ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœืš.
08:13
Thank you for joining us and goodbye.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื• ื•ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช.
08:16
Bye.
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ื‘ื™ื™.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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