The language of wine - 6 Minute English

105,350 views ใƒป 2021-07-22

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
Hi. Neil from BBC Learning English here.
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ื”ื™ื™. ื ื™ืœ ืž-BBC ืœื•ืžื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื›ืืŸ.
00:03
Just to let you know, we are offering a
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ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืื•ืชืš, ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื
00:05
new weekly extra episode of 6 Minute English -
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ืคืจืง ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช -
00:08
exclusively on our website!
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•!
00:10
So, go to bbclearingenglish.com
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ืื–, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืœ bbclearingenglish.com
00:14
to hear Georgina and I discussing
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืืช ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ื ื” ื•ืื ื™ ื“ื ื™ื
00:16
how colour can affect your mood.
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืฆื‘ืข ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ืฉืœืš.
00:18
Itโ€™s available now. So, see you there! bbclearingenglish.com
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ื–ื” ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ืื–, ื ืชืจืื” ืฉื! bbclearingenglish.com
00:31
Hello. This is 6 Minute
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ืฉืœื•ื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช
00:33
English from BBC
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ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช BBC
00:34
Learning English. I'm Sam.
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Learning English. ืื ื™ ืกืื.
00:36
And I'm Rob.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ื‘.
00:37
Rob, would you describe
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ืจื•ื‘, ื”ืื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืชืืจ
00:39
yourself as a wine connoisseur?
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ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ื›ื™ื“ืข ื™ื™ืŸ?
00:41
If you mean am I someone who
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ืื ืืชื” ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ืื ื™ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
00:42
enjoys wine and knows a lot
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ืฉื ื”ื ื” ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ื“ืข
00:44
about it, then no - although
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ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืื– ืœื - ืœืžืจื•ืช
00:47
the enjoy part is true -
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ืฉื—ืœืง ื”ื”ื ืื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ -
00:49
particularly a nice glass of red.
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ื•ืก ืื“ื•ื ื ื—ืžื“.
00:51
Of course, wine might not
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ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืœื™ ืœื
00:53
be everybody s cup of tea -
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ื›ื•ืก ื”ืชื” ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื -
00:55
not something they like -
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ืœื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื -
00:57
but wine has been an
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”
00:58
important part of
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ื—ืœืง ื—ืฉื•ื‘
00:59
history and language.
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ืžื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื•ืžื”ืฉืคื”.
01:01
And even if you don't drink
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ื•ื’ื ืื ืืชื” ืœื ืฉื•ืชื”
01:02
alcohol, wine can be used
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ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ, ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ
01:04
as a commodity you can
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ื›ืกื—ื•ืจื” ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ
01:05
invest in and sell
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ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื• ื•ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจื”
01:07
at an auction.
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ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ืช.
01:08
And that brings me on
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื™
01:09
to my quiz question, Rob.
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ืœืฉืืœืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™, ืจื•ื‘.
01:11
In 2018, a bottle of wine
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ื‘ืฉื ืช 2018, ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื™ื™ืŸ
01:13
dating back to 1774 sold
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ืžืฉื ืช 1774 ื ืžื›ืจ
01:16
at auction in eastern France
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ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืžื–ืจื— ืฆืจืคืช
01:18
for a record-breaking price.
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ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ื.
01:21
Do you know how much
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ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ื‘ื›ืžื”
01:22
it was sold for? Was it...
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ื–ื” ื ืžื›ืจ? ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”...
01:24
a) $20,800
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ื) $20,800
01:27
b) $120,800
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ื‘) $120,800
01:31
or c) $220,800?
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ืื• ื’) $220,800?
01:36
I know wine can fetch
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช
01:37
a high price - but not as
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ืžื—ื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” - ืื‘ืœ ืœื
01:38
high as some of those
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ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื›ืžื• ื—ืœืง
01:39
options, so I'll
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ืžื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”, ืื– ืื ื™
01:41
say a) $20,800.
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ืื’ื™ื“ ื) $20,800. ืืช
01:44
I'll reveal the answer
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื’ืœื”
01:45
later on. But let's talk
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ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ื‘ืจ
01:47
more about wine now.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
01:48
A glass of the stuff
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ื›ื•ืก ืžื”ื—ื•ืžืจ
01:50
can be sipped and
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœื’ื•ื ื•ืœื”ืชืขื ื’
01:51
savoured or just glugged.
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ืื• ืกืชื ืœื’ืžื•ืข.
01:54
Glug is a good word,
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ื’ืœื•ื’ ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื”,
01:56
meaning drink in large
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืฉืชื•ืช
01:57
gulps or mouthfuls - not
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ื‘ืœื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืœื’ื™ืžื•ืช ืคื” - ืœื
01:59
something a wine expert
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื•ืžื—ื” ื™ื™ืŸ
02:01
would do. For some
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ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ืฉื”. ืขื‘ื•ืจ
02:02
people, drinking and
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื•ื”ื’ืฉืช
02:03
serving wine is
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ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื
02:04
almost an art-form.
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฆื•ืจืช ืืžื ื•ืช.
02:06
If you go to a restaurant,
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ืื ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืžืกืขื“ื”,
02:07
there might be a sommelier -
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื•ืžืœื™ื™ื” -
02:09
a person whose job is
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ืื“ื ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื•
02:11
to serve and give advice
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ืœืฉืจืช ื•ืœืชืช ืขืฆื•ืช
02:12
about wine. They may
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ื™ืŸ. ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ื
02:14
have had years of
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ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ
02:15
training to learn about
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ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ
02:16
the different types of
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ืกื•ื’ื™
02:17
wine and the individual
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ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืขืœ
02:19
flavours or aromas,
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ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืื• ื”ื ื™ื—ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื,
02:21
known as notes.
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ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ืชื•ื•ื™ื.
02:23
This job has fascinated
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ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ืจื™ืชืงื” ืืช
02:25
journalist and author
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ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ืื™ืช ื•ื”ืกื•ืคืจืช
02:26
Bianca Bosker. She wrote
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ื‘ื™ืื ืงื” ื‘ื•ืกืงืจ. ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื‘ื”
02:28
a book called 'Cork Dorks'.
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ืกืคืจ ื‘ืฉื 'ืงื•ืจืง ื“ื•ืจืงืก'.
02:30
And here she is talking
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจืช
02:31
on the BBC World
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช BBC World
02:32
Service programme The
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Service The
02:34
Why Factor describing her
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Why Factor ืžืชืืจืช โ€‹โ€‹ืืช
02:35
fascination with sommeliers
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ื”ืงืกื ืฉืœื” ืœืกื•ืžืœื™ื™ืจื™ื.
02:38
These were people who had
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02:40
taken wine, which I always
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02:42
thought of as a thing of
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02:43
pleasure, something you
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02:44
turn to after a long stressful
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02:46
day, and turned it into
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ื–ื”
02:48
something approaching
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ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืชืงืจื‘
02:49
sheer God-awful pain.
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ืœื›ืื‘ ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืจื.
02:51
They licked rocks, trained
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ื”ื ืœื™ืงืงื• ืกืœืขื™ื, ืื™ืžื ื• ืืช
02:53
their palates, they
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ื”ื—ืš ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื
02:54
divorced their spouses
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ื”ืชื’ืจืฉื• ืžื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ื
02:56
to spend more time
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ื–ืžืŸ
02:57
reviewing flash cards -
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ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืคืœืืฉ -
02:58
they had hired voice
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ื”ื ืฉื›ืจื•
03:00
coaches and memory
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ืžืืžื ื™ ืงื•ืœ ื•ืžืืžื ื™ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ
03:01
coaches, they took dance
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, ื”ื ืœืงื—ื•
03:02
classes to learn how to
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ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื™ืš
03:03
move more gracefully
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ืœื ื•ืข ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ื™ื ื ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:05
across the dining room floor.
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ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืจืฆืคืช ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ.
03:07
Like me, Bianca thought
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ื›ืžื•ื ื™, ื‘ื™ืื ืงื” ื—ืฉื‘ื”
03:09
drinking wine was a
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ืฉืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื
03:10
pleasurable activity -
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ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืขื ื’ืช -
03:11
something that helped
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืขื–ืจ
03:12
her relax after a long
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ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืจื’ืข ืื—ืจื™
03:14
stressful day. So she
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ื™ื•ื ืžืœื—ื™ืฅ ืืจื•ืš. ืื– ื”ื™ื
03:15
was surprised at how
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ื”ื•ืคืชืขื” ืžืื™ืš
03:17
sommeliers turned this
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ื”ืกื•ืžืœื™ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช
03:18
activity into 'something
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ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื–ื• ืœ'ืžืฉื”ื•
03:20
approaching sheer
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ืฉืžืชืงืจื‘
03:21
God-awful pain'.
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ืœื›ืื‘ ืืœื•ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืจื'.
03:23
The word 'sheer' is used
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ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืฆืจื”' ืžืฉืžืฉืช
03:25
to emphasise the amount
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื›ืžื•ืช
03:26
of something - or to mean
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ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• - ืื• ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช
03:28
'nothing but'. She
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'ื›ืœื•ื ืื‘ืœ'. ื”ื™ื
03:30
thought the work of a
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ื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ืฉืœ
03:31
sommelier was nothing
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ืกื•ืžืœื™ื™ื” ืื™ื ื”
03:32
but pain - they seemed
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ืืœื ื›ืื‘ - ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื
03:33
to dedicate their
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ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉื• ืืช
03:34
life to wine!
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ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ!
03:36
One thing a sommelier
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉืกื•ืžืœื™ื™ื”
03:37
does is train their palate -
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ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ื•ื ืœื”ื›ืฉื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืš ืฉืœื• -
03:40
this is their ability to
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื•
03:41
distinguish and appreciate
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ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš
03:43
different tastes and
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ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœื–ื”ื•ืช
03:44
identify types of good wine
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ืกื•ื’ื™ ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘
03:46
from their taste. I guess
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ืœืคื™ ื˜ืขืžื. ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—
03:48
this is quite important.
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ืฉื–ื” ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
03:50
But divorcing their spouses
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ืื‘ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ืจืฉ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ื
03:52
does sound a bit extreme!
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ื ืฉืžืข ืงืฆืช ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™!
03:54
I m afraid I wouldn't take it
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉืฉ ืฉืœื ืืงื— ืืช ื–ื”
03:56
so seriously - I'll stick
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช - ืื ื™ ืืžืฉื™ืš
03:58
to drinking poorer quality,
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ืœืฉืชื•ืช
04:00
cheap red wine -
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ื™ื™ืŸ ืื“ื•ื ื–ื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ื“ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ -
04:01
sometimes called plonk!
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ื ืงืจื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืคืœื ืง!
04:03
WeIl, Rob, cheap wine
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืจื•ื‘, ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ืœ
04:05
doesn't always have to
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ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื‘
04:06
be poor quality.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ื“ื”.
04:07
Interestingly, there is
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ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ
04:09
some evidence that
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ื›ืžื” ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช
04:10
shows we only think
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ืฉืžืจืื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื
04:11
wine tastes better
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ืฉืœื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื˜ืขื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจืง
04:13
because it's
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04:13
more expensive.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื
ื™ืงืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:15
Ah yes, this is research
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ืื” ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ืžื—ืงืจ
04:17
Hilke Plassmann from
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ืฉื”ื™ืœืงื” ืคืœืกืžืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืช
04:18
INSEAD Business School in
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ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืขืกืงื™ื INSEAD
04:20
France spoke about on
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ื‘ืฆืจืคืช ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช Why Factor
04:22
the BBC World Service's
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ืฉืœ BBC World Service
04:23
Why Factor programme.
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.
04:25
She's been looking into
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื”
04:26
what influences
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ืžื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ
04:27
consumer behaviour.
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ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื ื™ื.
04:29
The price tag affects that
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ืชื’ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ
04:31
region in your brain that
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ื”ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืœืš ืฉืžืงื•ื“ื“ ืืช
04:33
encodes your liking of the
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04:35
taste, so in other words,
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ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืœืš, ืื– ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืืชื”
04:36
you not only think that you
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ืœื ืจืง ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืืชื”
04:37
like the more expensive
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ืื•ื”ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช
04:39
wine more, you feel you
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ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืงืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืืชื”
04:40
like the more expensive
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ืื•ื”ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช
04:41
wine more, because your
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ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืงืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื™
04:43
brain region that encodes
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ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœืš ืžืงื•ื“ื“
04:44
this feeling is influenced
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ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื–ื• ืžื•ืฉืคืขืช
04:46
by the price tag.
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ืžืชื’ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ.
04:47
So, our brain is possibly
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ืื–, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื•
04:49
playing tricks on us.
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ืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ื ื• ืชืขืชื•ืขื™ื.
04:51
When we see the price tag
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืชื’ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ
04:52
on a bottle of wine, our brain
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ืขืœ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื ื•
04:54
encodes the information and
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ืžืงื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืื•ืžืจ
04:56
tells us how it should taste.
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ืœื ื• ืื™ืš ื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื˜ืขื•ื.
04:58
Encodes means changes
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ืžืงื•ื“ื“ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืžืฉื ื” ืืช
05:00
the information into something
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ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืžืฉื”ื•
05:02
that we can use or understand.
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ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ.
05:05
Drinking more expensive
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ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืงืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:06
wine makes you think it
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ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืš ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื
05:08
tastes better. So
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ื˜ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืื–
05:09
perhaps, when buying
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ืื•ืœื™, ื›ืืฉืจ ืงื•ื ื™ื
05:11
supermarket wine or wine
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ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืคืจืžืจืงื˜ ืื• ื™ื™ืŸ
05:12
in a restaurant, it may
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ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื”, ืื•ืœื™
05:14
be better telling yourself
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ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืขืฆืžืš
05:15
that the cheaper
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ืฉื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:16
option is OK!
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจ!
05:18
I'll drink to that! But
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ืื ื™ ืืฉืชื” ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื–ื”! ืื‘ืœ
05:20
I wonder how that
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ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ืื™ืš
05:21
most expensive bottle
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ื”ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง ื”ื™ืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:22
of wine ever sold at auction
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ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืžื›ืจ ืื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ืช ื˜ื•ืขื
05:24
tastes? The one dating
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? ื–ื”
05:26
back to 1774 that you
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ืฉืจืืฉื™ืชื• ื‘-1774 ืฉืฉืืœืช
05:28
asked me about.
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ืื•ืชื™ ืขืœื™ื•.
05:29
So you thought it sold
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ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืžื›ืจ
05:31
for $20,800, but sorry,
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ื‘-20,800 ื“ื•ืœืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืกืœื™ื—ื”,
05:34
Rob, that's too cheap.
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ืจื•ื‘, ื–ื” ื–ื•ืœ ืžื“ื™.
05:36
It was in fact sold for
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ื”ื•ื ื ืžื›ืจ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘
05:38
$120,800. I assume it
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-120,800 ื“ื•ืœืจ. ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉื–ื”
05:42
wasn't drunk.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจ.
05:43
I hope not. Well, I think I'll
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™
05:45
stick to my plonk for
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ืืฆืžื“ ืœืขืช
05:47
now, Sam. Plonk was
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ืขืชื”, ืกืื. ืคืœื•ื ืง ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
05:48
one of our vocabulary
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ืื—ืช ืžืžื™ืœื•ืช ืื•ืฆืจ
05:49
words today and
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ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืžืชืืจืช
05:50
describes cheap,
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05:52
poor quality wine.
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ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื™ืจื•ื“ื”.
05:53
We also mentioned a
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ื”ื–ื›ืจื ื• ื’ื ืื ื™ืŸ
05:54
connoisseur - someone
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ื˜ืขื - ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
05:56
who enjoys a particular
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ืฉื ื”ื ื”
05:57
thing and knows
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ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ื“ืข
05:58
a lot about it.
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ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื”.
06:00
A sommelier is someone
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ืกื•ืžืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
06:02
who serves and gives
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ืฉืžืฉืจืช ื•ื ื•ืชืŸ
06:03
advice about wine
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ืขืฆื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื™ื™ืŸ
06:04
in a restaurant.
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ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื”.
06:05
Sheer is a word
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Sheer ื”ื™ื ืžื™ืœื”
06:06
used to emphasise
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ื”ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ
06:07
the amount of something -
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ืืช ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• -
06:09
or to mean 'nothing but'.
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ืื• ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช 'ื›ืœื•ื ืื‘ืœ'.
06:12
A palate describes
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ื—ื™ืš ืžืชืืจ ืืช
06:13
someone's ability to
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื•
06:14
distinguish and appreciate
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ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš
06:16
different tastes.
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ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
06:17
Finally, encodes means
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืžืงื•ื“ื“ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื•
06:19
changes information
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ืžืฉื ื” ืžื™ื“ืข
06:21
into something we
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06:21
can use or understand.
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ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื•
ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ืื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ.
06:24
But now we're out
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ื’ืžืจ ืœื ื•
06:25
of time so
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืื–
06:26
'cheers' everyone.
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'ืชืขื•ื“ื“' ืœื›ื•ืœื.
06:27
Thanks for listening
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื”
06:28
and goodbye.
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06:28
Goodbye.
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ื•ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช.
ื”ึฑื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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