Taliban: No beard, no job!: BBC News Review

57,036 views ใƒป 2022-04-19

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
'No beard, no job' for government workers in Afghanistan.
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"ืื™ืŸ ื–ืงืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”" ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ.
00:05
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
00:09
I'm Rob and joining me to talk about the language
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื•ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคื”
00:11
behind the headlines is Neil. Hello Neil.
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ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืœ. ืฉืœื•ื ื ื™ืœ.
00:14
Hi there, Rob, and hello everyone.
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ืฉืœื•ื ืจื‘, ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื.
00:16
If you'd like to test yourself on the vocabulary we look at in this programme,
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ืื ืชืจืฆื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•,
00:21
there is a quiz on our website at bbclearningenglish.com.
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ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช bbclearningenglish.com.
00:26
But now, let's have a look at some details of that story
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”
00:29
from this BBC News report:
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ืžื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”-BBC:
00:49
So, as you just heard there, the Taliban government in Afghanistan,
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ืื–, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืฉืžืขืชื ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืžืžืฉืœืช ื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ ื‘ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ,
00:54
which took control back in August,
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ืฉื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜,
00:57
have put out an order that men without beards will be sent home
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ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืคืงื•ื“ื” ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืœื ื–ืงืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืœื—ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
01:01
and lose their jobs.
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ื•ื™ืื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืžืงื•ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื.
01:03
It's amongst a series of measures that have been brought in.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื•. ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื•
01:07
And we've got three words and expressions that you can use
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ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ
01:10
to talk about this story from news headlines.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืš ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
01:12
What are they please, Neil?
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ืžื” ื”ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื ื™ืœ?
01:14
We have: 'hardliners', 'bars' and 'show up'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื•: 'ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื', 'ื‘ืจื™ื' ื•'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข'.
01:19
That's 'hardliners', 'bars' and 'show up'.
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ื–ื” 'ื”ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื', 'ื‘ืจื™ื' ื•'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข'.
01:23
OK. Let's have a look at the first news headline please.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”.
01:27
The first headline is from The Times of India and it reads:
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ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื”"ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก ืื•ืฃ ืื™ื ื“ื™ื”" ื•ื‘ื” ื ื›ืชื‘:
01:38
That's 'hardliners' โ€” people with strong beliefs or views.
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ืืœื” "ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื" - ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืฉืงืคื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื•ืช.
01:44
That's right, yes. So, the first thing to say is
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืŸ. ืื–, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื•ื
01:47
that this word 'hardliner' is quite clearly made up of two parts:
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ืฉื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ืงืฉื™ื—' ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื:
01:51
'hard' and 'liners'.
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'ืงืฉื™ื—' ื•'ืœื™ื ืจื™ื'.
01:54
And in this headline, in this version of it,
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ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื•, ื‘ื’ืจืกื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœื”,
01:57
the words are separated โ€” or connected even โ€” with a hyphen,
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ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืžื•ืคืจื“ื•ืช - ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช - ื‘ืžืงืฃ,
02:02
but you will often see this word as just one word.
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืชืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ืžื™ืœื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
02:06
Yeah. So, if we break this...
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื–, ืื ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”...
02:07
this expression down, we've got 'hard', which is something very strong,
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืงืฉื”', ืฉื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื–ืง,
02:11
and then 'liners' or a 'line'
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ื•ืื– 'ืœื™ื ืจื™ื' ืื• 'ืงื•'
02:14
is when you follow a particular belief or opinion.
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ื–ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืขื•ืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืืžื•ื ื” ืื• ื“ืขื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช.
02:17
You follow a particular line, don't you?
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ืืชื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืขืœ ืงื• ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
02:20
Yeah, that's a really useful way of thinking about it.
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ืžืžืฉ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ืช ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
02:23
The word 'hard' in this case means strong
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ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืงืฉื”' ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื” ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื” ื—ื–ืง
02:28
and 'line', as you said, is opinion.
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ื•'ืงื•', ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืช, ื”ื•ื ื“ืขื”.
02:31
So, we can use the word 'line' to refer to your point of view or opinion:
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” 'ืงื•' ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืื• ื”ื“ืขื” ืฉืœืš:
02:36
'What is your line on something?' It means what do you think about it.
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'ืžื” ื”ืงื• ืฉืœืš ื‘ืžืฉื”ื•?' ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืžื” ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
02:40
And so, a 'hardliner' is someone who has a very strong interpretation
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ, 'ืงืฉื™ื—' ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื–ืงื”
02:46
of how something should be.
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ืื™ืš ืžืฉื”ื• ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.
02:48
So, it's very difficult to get them to change their mind, I guess.
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ืื– ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื“ืขืชื, ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื—.
02:52
Yes, these are inflexible people:
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ื›ืŸ, ืืœื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื:
02:56
people whose minds don't change
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื•ื—ื ืœื ืžืฉืชื ื”
02:59
and who often have the strongest interpretation
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ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
03:03
of a particular point of view or opinion,
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ืฉืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืื• ื“ืขื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช,
03:07
even amongst a group of people with the same opinion.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืื•ืชื” ื“ืขื”.
03:10
So, within, for example, a political party,
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ืื– ื‘ืชื•ืš, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืžืคืœื’ื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช,
03:14
the people in the party will have a similar opinion to each other,
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืคืœื’ื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ื“ืขื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื–ื” ืœื–ื”,
03:17
but the 'hardliners' are the ones with the most extreme,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”'ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื' ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช,
03:21
or strongest, or strictest interpretation.
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ืื• ื—ื–ืงื” ืื• ืžื—ืžื™ืจื”.
03:26
And in the headline, we were using 'hardliners' as a noun,
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ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช, ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื‘-'hardliners' ื›ืฉื ืขืฆื,
03:29
but you can also use this as an adjective, can't you?
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื” ื’ื ื›ืฉื ืชื•ืืจ, ืœื?
03:34
Yes, you can use it as an adjective,
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ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืชื•ืืจ,
03:36
for example, ahead of the word 'approach':
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ื’ื™ืฉื”':
03:39
a 'hardline approach' to something.
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'ื’ื™ืฉื” ืงืฉื•ื—ื”' ืœืžืฉื”ื•.
03:42
And again, it means that you have a very strict approach to whatever situation.
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ื•ืฉื•ื‘, ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื’ื™ืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืงืคื“ื ื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘.
03:49
So, if I was in the office and, you know, I like to drink tea;
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ืื–, ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืชื”;
03:52
I won't consider drinking coffee.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืืฉืงื•ืœ ืœืฉืชื•ืช ืงืคื”.
03:55
Does that mean I'm taking a...
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื ื™ ื ื•ืงื˜ ื‘...
03:57
I'm taking a 'hardline approach' towards drinking tea?
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ืื ื™ ื ื•ืงื˜ ื‘'ื’ื™ืฉื” ืงืฉื•ื—ื”' ื›ืœืคื™ ืฉืชื™ื™ืช ืชื”?
04:01
Well, you could say that... it would be a little bit strange to be honest,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉ... ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื–ืจ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช,
04:05
because we use 'hardliner' or 'hardline approach'
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘-'hardliner' ืื• 'hardline approach'
04:09
usually to refer to something which is pretty serious
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื™ ืจืฆื™ื ื™
04:13
and your decision between tea and coffee I'm afraid,
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ื•ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฉืœืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื” ืœืงืคื” ืื ื™ ืžืคื—ื“,
04:17
Rob, is not that serious.
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ืจื•ื‘, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื›ื–ื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™.
04:19
However, you could use it in a, sort of, humorous way
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ืขื ื–ืืช, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื”, ืžืขื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ืžื•ืจื™ืกื˜ื™ืช
04:22
because it exaggerates the importance of... of this thing.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื’ื–ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ... ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
04:27
OK. Let's have a summary:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
04:37
So, we're talking about the Taliban today
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ืื–, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื˜ืœื™ื‘ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื
04:40
and of course last year we covered the story
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ืกื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ
04:43
where they took over Kabul and the rest of Afghanistan
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ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื• ืขืœ ืงืื‘ื•ืœ ื•ืขืœ ืฉืืจ ืืคื’ื ื™ืกื˜ืŸ
04:46
in our News Review programme. How can we watch that video again?
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช News Review ืฉืœื ื•. ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘?
04:49
All you have to do is click on the link below.
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ื›ืœ ืฉืขืœื™ื›ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”.
04:53
OK. Now, let's have a look at your next news headline please.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœืš.
04:56
Yeah, the next headline comes from Reuters and it reads:
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืจื•ื™ื˜ืจืก ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช:
05:09
So, that's 'bars' โ€” officially prevents something from happening.
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ืื–, ื–ื” 'ื‘ืจื™ื' - ืžื•ื ืข ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ.
05:13
Yes, that's spelt B-A-R-S.
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘-ื-ืจ-ืฉ.
05:16
In this headline it's a verb: 'to bar' something.
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ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื• ื–ื” ืคื•ืขืœ: 'ืœื—ืกื•ื' ืžืฉื”ื•.
05:20
But, it's useful to think of it as its noun form: 'a bar'.
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ืื‘ืœ, ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืขืœ ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืขืฆื ืฉืœื•: 'ืกืจื’ืœ'.
05:26
Now, a 'bar' is usually a long piece of metal,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, 'ื‘ืจ' ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ืžืชื›ืช ืืจื•ื›ื”,
05:31
often used, for example, on a prison window or door
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ื”ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืขืœ ื—ืœื•ืŸ ืื• ื“ืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœื
05:35
to prevent people getting out,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืœืฆืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”,
05:38
and that is how it's used as a verb.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืคื•ืขืœ.
05:41
It means to prevent something from getting through.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืžืฉื”ื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ.
05:45
If you imagine, for example, a pathway or...
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ืื ืืชื” ืžื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืื•...
05:49
you're trying to get through a door and there is a 'bar',
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ืืชื” ืžื ืกื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ื“ืœืช ื•ื™ืฉ 'ื‘ืจ',
05:53
the 'bar' is going to prevent you from getting through where you want to go.
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ื”'ื‘ืจ' ื™ืžื ืข ืžืžืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืŸ ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข.
05:58
And as a verb, if you 'bar' someone from doing something,
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ื•ื›ืคื•ืขืœ, ืื ืืชื” 'ืžื•ื ืข' ืžืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•,
06:03
it means you stop them.
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ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื” ืขื•ืฆืจ ืื•ืชื•.
06:06
Yeah, and a criminal โ€” if we put them in prison,
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ื›ืŸ, ื•ืคื•ืฉืข - ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ืกื™ื ืื•ืชื ืœื›ืœื,
06:08
we sometimes say: 'We put them behind bars,' don't we?
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื: 'ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉืžื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ืกื•ืจื’ ื•ื‘ืจื™ื—', ืœื?
06:10
That's the noun again โ€” the physical 'bars'.
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ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื ื”ืขืฆื - ื”'ื‘ืจื™ื' ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื™ื.
06:13
That's right, yes. Yeah.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืŸ. ื›ึผึตืŸ.
06:15
And we can use other words, such as 'bans'
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื›ืžื• 'ืื™ืกื•ืจ'
06:18
and 'prevents' and 'stops' as well, yeah?
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ื•'ืžื•ื ืข' ื•'ืขืฆื•ืจ' ื’ื ื›ืŸ, ื›ืŸ?
06:21
Yes, 'bans', 'prevents', 'stops':
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ื›ืŸ, 'ืื•ืกืจื™ื', 'ืžื•ื ืขื™ื', 'ืขืฆืจื™ื':
06:23
they all have the same meaning as this word 'bars'.
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ืœื›ื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื–ื”ื” ืœืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ืกื•ืจื’ื™ื'.
06:28
Great. Thanks for that. Let's have a summary:
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ื’ื“ื•ืœ. ืชื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”. ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
06:38
So, we were looking at words like 'bars', 'bans' and 'prevents'.
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ืื– ื”ืกืชื›ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืžื• 'ืกื•ืจื’ื™ื', 'ืื™ืกื•ืจื™ื' ื•'ืžื•ื ืขื™ื'.
06:44
We did a programme about the difference between 'prevents' and 'avoid':
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ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ 'ืžื•ื ืข' ื•'ื”ื™ืžื ืข':
06:48
it's English in a Minute. How can we watch that again please, Neil?
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ื–ื” ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ื“ืงื”. ืื™ืš ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื ื™ืœ?
06:52
If you've got just one minute to spare,
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืจืง ื“ืงื” ืื—ืช ืคื ื•ื™ื”,
06:53
you could learn something really useful:
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ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืืžืช:
06:56
click the link below.
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ืœื—ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”.
06:58
Now, let's have a look at your next headline please.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœืš.
07:01
Yes. My next headline comes from The Daily Sabah and it reads:
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ื›ืŸ. ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื™ ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžื”ื“ื™ื™ืœื™ ืกื‘ืื— ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช:
07:15
That's 'show up' โ€” appear at a place.
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ื–ื” 'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข' - ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื.
07:19
So, 'show up' is a phrasal verb made up of two parts:
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ืื–, 'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข' ื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื:
07:23
'show' and 'up'.
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'ืœื”ืจืื•ืช' ื•'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข'.
07:27
Now, let's break that down. I know about a 'show'.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืคืจืง ืืช ื–ื”. ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืขืœ 'ืžื•ืคืข'.
07:30
A 'show' is something I might go and see in the West End,
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'ืžื•ืคืข' ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืืœืš ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื•ื•ืกื˜ ืื ื“,
07:33
where people are dancing and singing and things like that.
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ืฉื ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืงื“ื™ื ื•ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืœื”.
07:36
Is it that kind of show we're talking about here?
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ื”ื”ืฆื’ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ื›ืืŸ?
07:38
No, it's not, Rob.
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ืœื, ื–ื” ืœื, ืจื•ื‘.
07:40
'Show' in this sense is connected to arrival, appearance.
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'ื”ืฆื’ื”' ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื”ื’ืขื”, ืœืžืจืื”.
07:47
So, to 'show up' somewhere is to arrive or to appear in that place,
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ืœื›ืŸ, 'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข' ื‘ืื™ื–ืฉื”ื• ืžืงื•ื ื–ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืื• ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื”,
07:55
often in a slightly unplanned way.
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืขื˜ ืœื ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ืช.
07:58
So, for example, you might want to make a reservation in a restaurant,
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ืื–, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื•ืœื™ ืชืจืฆื• ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืกืขื“ื”,
08:03
for example, and you phone up and you say:
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ื•ืืชื ืžืชืงืฉืจื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื:
08:07
'Do I need a reservation or can I just show up?'
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'ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ืื• ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข?'
08:11
and that means arrive โ€” appear,
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ื•ื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข - ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข,
08:15
as I said, without necessarily a, kind of, firm plan.
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืชื™, ื‘ืœื™ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— , ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฆืงื”.
08:21
But, if you do have a plan and you're late,
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ืื‘ืœ, ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื•ืืชื” ืžืื—ืจ,
08:22
then we can say you 'show up' late.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื” 'ืžื•ืคื™ืข' ืžืื•ื—ืจ.
08:25
Yes, it can also be used, kind of, generally to mean arrive
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื’ื, ื‘ืขืจืš, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข
08:28
and informally, as you just said then, if somebody arrived late,
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืจืฉืžื™, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืžืจืช ืื–, ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ื’ื™ืข ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ,
08:32
you could ask them why they have 'shown up' late
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืื•ืชื• ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ื 'ื”ื’ื™ืข' ืžืื•ื—ืจ
08:35
or you could complain about a bus 'showing up' late.
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ืื• ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืœื•ื ืŸ ืขืœ ืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก ืขื“ ืžืื•ื—ืจ.
08:40
Yeah. And I 'showed up' late for this recording, didn't I,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ืื ื™ 'ื”ื•ืคืขืชื™' ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ืœื”ืงืœื˜ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
08:43
because I was showing off my new shoes?
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ื›ื™ ื”ืจืืชื™ ืืช ื”ื ืขืœื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™?
08:46
There's a few more meanings of 'show' there.
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ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืขื•ื“ ื›ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ืœื”ืจืื•ืช'.
08:49
A couple of meanings of 'show' there. So, we have the one
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ื›ืžื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ืœื”ืจืื•ืช' ืฉื. ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื–ื”
08:51
we're talking about: to arrive, appear.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœื™ื•: ืœื”ื’ื™ืข, ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข.
08:54
And then you've got 'show off', which means to...
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ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœืš 'ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ืฅ', ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื•...
08:58
well, kind of, display proudly something and it...
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืขืจืš, ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื’ืื•ื•ื” ื•ื–ื”...
09:03
What we see here is how we can have phrasal verbs
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื™ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื• ืคืขืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื™ื
09:07
that only alter in the second part โ€”
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ืฉืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืฉื ื™ -
09:10
the particle, the preposition part:
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ื—ืœืงื™ืง, ื—ืœืง ืžื™ืœืช ื”ื™ื—ืก:
09:12
the 'up', 'off', 'on', those parts โ€”
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ื”'ืœืžืขืœื”', 'ื›ื‘ื•ื™', 'ืคื•ืขืœ', ื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ืืœื” -
09:14
and it radically changes the meaning.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
09:17
It's just something you have to learn, I'm afraid.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืœืžื•ื“, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉืฉ.
09:20
And also a similar meaning for 'show up' is 'turn up', yeah?
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ื•ื’ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื” ืœ'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข' ื”ื™ื 'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข', ื›ืŸ?
09:24
Yes, 'turn up' is the same as 'show up'.
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ื›ืŸ, 'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข' ื–ื”ื” ืœ'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข'.
09:27
OK. Let's now have a summary:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ื ื ืขืฉื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
09:37
Now, it's time to recap the words
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœืกื›ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื
09:40
and expressions that we've talked about today please, Neil.
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ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ื ื™ืœ.
09:43
Yes, we looked at 'hardliners' โ€” people with strict views or beliefs.
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ืกืชื›ืœื ื• ืขืœ 'ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื' - ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ื“ืขื•ืช ืื• ืืžื•ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืช.
09:49
'Bars' โ€” officially prevents something from happening.
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'ื‘ืจื™ื' - ืžื•ื ืข ืจืฉืžื™ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ.
09:53
And 'show up' โ€” appear at a place.
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ื•'ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข' - ืœื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ื.
09:57
Now, if you want to test your understanding
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ื›ืขืช, ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื‘ื ืชืš
09:59
of these words and expressions,
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ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื”,
10:01
we have a quiz on our website
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœื ื•
10:03
at bbclearningenglish.com.
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ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช bbclearningenglish.com.
10:05
And that's a good place to go to to check out
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืงื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืœื›ืช ืืœื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช
10:07
all our other Learning English resources.
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ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
10:10
And don't forget โ€” we're on social media as well, so you can't miss us.
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ื•ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื— - ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ืื– ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคืกืคืก ืื•ืชื ื•.
10:14
Right, that's all for today's News Review.
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื.
10:16
Thank you so much for watching and we'll see you next time.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืฉืฆืคื™ืชื ื•ื ืชืจืื” ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื”.
10:19
Bye bye.
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ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™.
10:20
Goodbye.
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ื”ึฑื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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