Women in the workplace - 6 Minute English

194,802 views ใƒป 2022-08-18

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:08
Hello.
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ืฉืœื•ื.
00:09
This is 6 Minute
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช
00:10
English from BBC Learning
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ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช BBC Learning
00:11
English.
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English.
00:12
I'm Neil.
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ.
00:13
And I'm Sam.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืกื.
00:14
Sam, does this situation
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ืกื, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื–ื”
00:15
sound familiar?
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ื ืฉืžืข ืžื•ื›ืจ? ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข
00:17
It's a
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00:18
colleague's birthday next
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ื”ื‘ื ื™ืฉ ื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืœื“ืช ืœืขืžื™ืช
00:19
week.
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.
00:20
A male boss says to
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ื‘ื•ืก ื’ื‘ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ืช
00:21
a female employee - "You're
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- "ืืช
00:23
great at organising things -
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ื ื”ื“ืจืช ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื -
00:24
would you buy a card and get
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ื”ืื ื”ื™ื™ืช ืงื•ื ื” ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื•ืชื’ืจื•ื
00:26
everyone in the office to
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ืœื›ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“
00:27
sign it?
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ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœื™ื•?
00:28
Oh, and we'll need
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ืื”, ื•ื’ื ื ืฆื˜ืจืš
00:29
to order a cake too -
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ืœื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืขื•ื’ื” -
00:30
thanks, you're amazing!"
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ืชื•ื“ื”, ืืชื”" ืžื“ื”ื™ื!"
00:31
Yes, I have seen that.
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ื›ืŸ, ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื”.
00:33
A male boss asks a woman
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ื‘ื•ืก ื’ื‘ืจ ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืื™ืฉื”
00:36
to do all the jobs that
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืฉื•ืžืจื•ืช ืขืœ
00:37
keep the office running
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ื”ืžืฉืจื“,
00:39
but do nothing to
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ืืš ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ื“ื™
00:40
advance her career or
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ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื” ืื•
00:41
improve her chances of
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ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™
00:42
promotion - that's when
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ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉืœื” - ื–ื” ื›ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื•
00:44
someone moves up into
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ืขื•ืœื”
00:45
a higher, better paid
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ืœืžืฉืจื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:46
position in a company.
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ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”.
00:48
Sadly, this happens
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”
00:49
a lot.
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ื”ืจื‘ื”.
00:50
In many workplaces
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ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื™ื
00:51
around the world, it's
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ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื“ื•ื•ืงื
00:52
the men who are
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ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื
00:53
considered 'born leaders'
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ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœ'ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื ื•ืœื“ื™ื'
00:54
and promoted up the
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ื•ืžืงื•ื“ืžื™ื
00:56
corporate career ladder,
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ื‘ืกื•ืœื ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™,
00:57
while the women are
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื
00:58
given less important
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ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื
01:00
roles.
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.
01:01
Even today, many
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ื’ื ื›ื™ื•ื,
01:02
working women find
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ื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืื•ืช
01:03
themselves at a point
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ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื”
01:04
in their career beyond
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ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืฉืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”
01:05
which they cannot progress,
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ื”ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื“ื,
01:07
an invisible barrier to
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ืžื—ืกื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื” ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื”
01:09
succeed referred to as
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ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื”
01:10
the glass ceiling.
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ืชืงืจืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช.
01:11
But in this programme,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•,
01:13
we'll be meeting the
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ื ืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช
01:14
members of The No Club,
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘-The No Club,
01:15
a group of women saying
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื•ืžืจื•ืช
01:17
'No' to the glass ceiling
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'ืœื' ืœืชืงืจืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช
01:19
by publicly questioning
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืืœื” ื‘ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืขืœ
01:20
the kinds of jobs men
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ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื’ื‘ืจื™ื
01:21
and women are asked to
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ื•ื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื‘ืงืฉื™ื
01:23
do in the workplace.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
01:24
And, of course, we'll
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื ืœืžื“
01:25
be learning some useful
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01:26
new vocabulary as well.
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ื’ื ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:28
But first, I have a
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื™
01:29
question for you, Sam.
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ืฉืืœื” ืืœื™ืš, ืกื.
01:31
Despite the glass ceiling,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืชืงืจืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช,
01:32
women do make it to the
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ื ืฉื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข
01:33
top jobs in many areas
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ืœืžืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™
01:35
of work and business,
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ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืขืกืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื,
01:37
even in the male-dominated
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ืืคื™ืœื•
01:38
world of politics.
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ื ืฉืœื˜ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื.
01:40
So,
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ืื–
01:41
who was the first woman
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ืžื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
01:42
to become British Prime
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ืฉื”ืคื›ื” ืœืจืืฉ
01:43
Minister?
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ืžืžืฉืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”? ื”ืื
01:44
Was it
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”
01:45
a) Theresa May,
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ื) ืชืจื–ื” ืžื™ื™,
01:46
b) Nicola Sturgeon or
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ื‘) ื ื™ืงื•ืœื” ืกื˜ืจื’'ื•ืŸ ืื•
01:48
c) Margaret Thatcher?
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ื’) ืžืจื’ืจื˜ ืชืืฆ'ืจ?
01:49
I know the answer to this
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื–ื”
01:51
one, Neil.
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, ื ื™ืœ.
01:52
It's
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ื–ื”
01:53
c) Margaret Thatcher.
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ื’) ืžืจื’ืจื˜ ืชืืฆ'ืจ.
01:54
OK.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
01:55
Well, we'll find out
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื ื’ืœื”
01:56
later if you're right.
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ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ืืชื” ืฆื•ื“ืง.
01:57
Professor Lise Vesterlund
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ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืœื™ื– ื•ืกื˜ืจืœื•ื ื“
01:59
is one of the four
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ื”ื™ื ืื—ืช ืžืืจื‘ืขืช
02:00
academics who co-wrote
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ื”ืืงื“ืžืื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื›ืชื™ื‘ืช "
02:02
The No Club, a book
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ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืŸ", ืกืคืจ
02:03
discussing how females
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ื”ื“ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ืฉื™ื
02:05
disproportionately take
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ื ื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ืคืจื•ืคื•ืจืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™
02:07
on the unimportant,
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ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช
02:08
less visible
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ื•ื”ืคื—ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
02:09
tasks at work.
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ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
02:11
Professor Vesterlund
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ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื•ืกื˜ืจืœื•ื ื“
02:12
calls these non-promotable
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ืžื›ื ื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืืœื• ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื
02:13
tasks, jobs like taking
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, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืจื™ืฉื•ื
02:16
notes, organising social
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ื”ืขืจื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ืŸ
02:17
events or chairing meetings -
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ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืื• ื™ื•"ืจ ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช -
02:20
jobs that take time and
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ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืงื—ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืžืืžืฅ
02:21
effort but do little to
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ืืš ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ืžืขื˜ ื›ื“ื™
02:23
increase company profits
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ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”
02:24
or to boost your career.
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ืื• ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœืš.
02:27
Research shows that most
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ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘
02:28
of these tasks are done
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ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื ืขืฉื•ืช
02:29
by women.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฉื™ื.
02:31
Here's
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ื”ื ื”
02:32
Lise Vesterlund explaining
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ืœื™ืกื” ื•ืกื˜ืจืœื•ื ื“ ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื”
02:33
more to BBC World Service
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช BBC World Service
02:34
programme, Business Daily.
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, Business Daily.
02:36
We've been noticing gender
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ืฉืžื ื• ืœื‘
02:38
differences in wages,
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ืœื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ืจ,
02:39
in advancement,
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ื‘ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช,
02:40
in negotiation.
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ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ.
02:42
Burn-out
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ืฉื—ื™ืงื”
02:43
for women is much greater
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ืืฆืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
02:44
than it is for men.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืืฆืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื.
02:45
Their
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02:46
dissatisfaction with their
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ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื
02:47
work is much greater.
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ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:48
And we've been trying to
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ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื ื•
02:49
sort of address all these
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ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืœ
02:50
objectives with lots of
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ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืขื ื”ืžื•ืŸ
02:52
different methods and
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ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื•ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
02:53
techniques, and what is
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, ื•ืžื”
02:55
interesting about the
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ืฉืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
02:56
non-promotable work is
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ื”ืœื ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื–ื”
02:57
that it, in a very
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ืฉื”ื™ื, ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ
02:59
structural sense,
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ืžื‘ื ื™ ืžืื•ื“,
03:00
contributes to all of
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ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื›ืœ
03:02
those differences.
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ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
03:04
Professor Vesterlund lists
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ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื•ืกื˜ืจืœื•ื ื“ ืžืคืจื˜
03:05
some workplace gender
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ื›ืžื” ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืžื’ื“ืจื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
03:06
imbalances, including job
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, ื›ื•ืœืœ
03:08
dissatisfaction and
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ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
03:10
burn-out - that's tiredness
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ื•ืฉื—ื™ืงื” - ืืœื• ืขื™ื™ืคื•ืช
03:11
and exhaustion caused
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ื•ืชืฉื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื ื’ืจืžื•ืช
03:13
by working too hard.
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ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืงืฉื” ืžื“ื™.
03:15
Many of these issues
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•
03:16
are made worse by
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ืžื—ืžื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ
03:17
non-promotable tasks.
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ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื.
03:19
Natalie Quail agrees.
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ื ื˜ืœื™ ืฉืœื™ื• ืžืกื›ื™ืžื”.
03:21
Natalie started her
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ื ื˜ืœื™ ื”ืงื™ืžื” ืืช ื—ื‘ืจืช
03:22
successful dental cosmetics
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ื”ืงื•ืกืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ื“ื ื˜ืœื™ืช ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืฉืœื”
03:25
company, SmileTime, after
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, SmileTime, ืœืื—ืจ
03:27
winning a business
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ืฉื–ื›ืชื” ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช
03:28
competition on the
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03:29
TV show, Dragon's Den.
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”, Dragon's Den.
03:31
Here she tells BBC World
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ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืกืคืจืช ืœ-BBC World
03:33
Service's Business Daily
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Service ืฉืœ Business Daily
03:34
about her experience of
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ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื
03:35
being asked to take on
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ืžืชื‘ืงืฉืช ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื”
03:37
non-promotable tasks
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ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื
03:39
in her work as a
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ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื” ื›ืขื•ืจื›ืช
03:40
trainee solicitor.
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ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืชืœืžื“ืช.
03:41
As a trainee solicitor
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ื›ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืžืชืœืžื“
03:43
pretty much every task
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืœ ืžืฉื™ืžื”
03:46
that you take on is
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ืฉืืชื” ืœื•ืงื— ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืš ื”ื™ื
03:47
a non-promotable task.
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ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื. ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืขืจื•ืช
03:49
Note-taking is one of
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ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“
03:50
them, in meetings, when
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ืžื”ื, ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช, ื›ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื
03:51
you kind of are told
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ืœืš
03:52
that you can't really
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ืฉืืชื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœ
03:53
speak or say anything.
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ.
03:54
I was tasked with being
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ื”ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
03:56
the team party organiser,
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ืžืืจื’ืŸ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช,
03:58
so that was my role.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœื™.
03:59
It does definitely
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ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜
04:00
occur that the women
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ืงื•ืจื” ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื
04:01
in the team, the level
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ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช, ืจืžืช
04:02
of multitasking they're
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ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ
04:04
doing is just... far outstrips
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ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜... ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ
04:06
the men in a lot of
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ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”
04:07
cases, for example,
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ืžืงืจื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ,
04:08
you know, a lot of
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ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื”ืจื‘ื”
04:09
women in the team
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ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืช
04:10
would also be juggling
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ืžืœื”ื˜ื˜
04:11
having kids at home,
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ืขื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช,
04:12
being a working mum.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืืžื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช.
04:14
Natalie found herself
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ื ื˜ืœื™ ืžืฆืื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื”
04:15
doing non-promotable
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ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื
04:17
tasks.
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.
04:18
She thinks many
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ื”ื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช
04:19
women in the workplace
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
04:20
are expected to be
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ืฆืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
04:21
good at multitasking -
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ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช -
04:22
doing more than one
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ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:23
thing at the same time.
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ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.
04:25
For working mums, who
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืžื”ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช,
04:26
are raising a family
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ืฉืžืงื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื”
04:27
as well as developing
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ื•ื’ื ืžืคืชื—ื•ืช
04:28
careers at work, this
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ืงืจื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื–ื”
04:30
involves some juggling -
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ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื›ืžื” ื’'ืื’ืœื™ื ื’ -
04:32
trying to manage your
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ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช
04:33
life when you are
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ื—ื™ื™ืš ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื”
04:34
involved in many
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ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช
04:35
different activities
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ื•ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
04:36
which all demand
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ืฉื›ื•ืœืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืืช
04:37
your time.
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœืš.
04:38
In the forty years since
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ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื—ืœืคื• ืžืื– ื”ื•ืžืฆื
04:39
the term 'glass ceiling'
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ื”ืžื•ื ื— 'ืชืงืจืช ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช'
04:40
was invented, it seems
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, ื ืจืื”
04:42
not much has change
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ืฉืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืฉืชื ื”
04:43
for working women.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช.
04:44
But
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ืื‘ืœ
04:45
there is some good news.
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ื™ืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
04:46
The number of female
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ืžืกืคืจ
04:47
managers and women
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ื”ืžื ื”ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืฉื™ื
04:48
working in jobs
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช
04:49
traditionally seen as
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ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ืจืชื™
04:50
male has increased
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ื›ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ื“ืœ
04:52
dramatically, and those
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™, ื•ืื•ืชืŸ
04:53
companies where getting
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ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ
04:55
promotion is based on
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ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ
04:56
ability not gender, have
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ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืžื’ื“ืจ,
04:58
benefitted from talented,
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ื ื”ื ื• ืžืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื•ืช
04:59
hard-working female leaders.
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ื•ื—ืจื•ืฆื•ืช.
05:02
And speaking of female leaders,
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ื•ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืช ื ืฉื™ื,
05:03
Neil, what was the answer
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ื ื™ืœ, ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”
05:05
to your question?
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ืœืฉืืœืชืš?
05:06
You
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05:07
asked me who was the
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ืฉืืœืช ืื•ืชื™ ืžื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืจืืฉ
05:08
first female British Prime
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ืžืžืฉืœืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
05:09
Minister, and I said
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, ื•ืืžืจืชื™
05:11
Margaret Thatcher.
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ืžืจื’ืจื˜ ืชืืฆ'ืจ.
05:12
Was I right?
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ืฆื“ืงืชื™?
05:13
You were right!
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ืฆื“ืงืช!
05:14
Mrs Thatcher,
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ื’ื‘ืจืช ืชืืฆ'ืจ,
05:15
nicknamed The Iron Lady,
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ืฉื›ื•ื ืชื” ืืฉืช ื”ื‘ืจื–ืœ,
05:16
became Prime Minister in
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ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”
05:17
May 1979, the first woman
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ื‘ืžืื™ 1979, ืœืื™ืฉื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
05:20
to break the political
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ืฉืฉื‘ืจื” ืืช
05:21
glass ceiling in the UK -
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ืชืงืจืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” -
05:23
an invisible barrier to
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ืžื—ืกื•ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืจืื”
05:24
advancing in your career.
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ืœื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœืš.
05:26
OK, let's recap the other
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ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกื›ื ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ
05:28
vocabulary weโ€™ve learnt,
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ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ืื—ืจ ืฉืœืžื“ื ื•,
05:29
starting with promotion -
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ื”ื—ืœ ืžืงื™ื“ื•ื -
05:31
moving up into a higher, more
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ื ืขืœื” ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:33
important position
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05:34
in your company.
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ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœืš.
05:35
The term non-promotable tasks
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ื”ืžื•ื ื— ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื
05:38
describes those unimportant
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ืžืชืืจ ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช
05:39
jobs which help your
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ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช
05:40
organisation but do nothing
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ืœืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืš ืืš ืœื ืขื•ืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจ
05:42
to advance your career.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœืš.
05:44
They are often
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื
05:45
given to women.
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ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื ืฉื™ื.
05:46
If you have burn-out, you're
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืฉื—ื™ืงื”, ืืชื”
05:47
exhausted from working
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ืžื•ืชืฉ ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
05:49
too hard.
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ืงืฉื” ืžื“ื™.
05:50
'Multitasking' is the ability
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'Multitasking' ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช
05:51
to do several things
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืกืคืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
05:53
at the same time.
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ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.
05:54
And finally, 'juggling' involves
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, 'ืœื”ื˜ื•ื˜ื ื•ืช' ื›ืจื•ื›ื”
05:56
managing many different
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ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
05:57
activities which all demand
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ืฉื›ื•ืœืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ืืช
05:59
your time.
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœืš.
06:00
Weโ€™ve managed
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ื ื™ื”ืœื ื• ืืช
06:01
our time pretty well so far
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื“ ื›ื”,
06:03
but now our six minutes
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉืฉ ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
06:04
are up!
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ื ื’ืžืจื•!
06:07
Bye for now!
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ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื!
06:11
Bye!
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ื‘ื™ื™!
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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