The loneliest man in history - 6 Minute English

93,632 views ใƒป 2022-03-12

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:08
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute
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ืฉืœื•ื ื•ื‘ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœ-6 ื“ืงื•ืช
00:10
English from BBC Learning
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ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช BBC Learning
00:11
English. I'm Neil.
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English. ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ.
00:12
And I'm Georgina.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ื ื”.
00:13
In this programme, we're
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•, ืื ื—ื ื•
00:14
going to be talking about
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ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ
00:15
the astronaut who piloted the
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ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ื ืื•ื˜ ืฉื ื™ื”ืœ ืืช
00:17
command module to take Neil
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ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื ื™ืœ
00:19
Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin
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ืืจืžืกื˜ืจื•ื ื’ ื•ื‘ืื– ืืœื“ืจื™ืŸ
00:20
to walk on the Moon.
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ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื—.
00:22
Michael Collins, who sadly passed
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ืžื™ื™ืงืœ ืงื•ืœื™ื ืก, ืฉืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ ื”ืœืš
00:24
away in 2021 at the age of 90, has
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ืœืขื•ืœืžื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2021 ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 90,
00:27
been described as 'the loneliest
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ืชื•ืืจ ื›"ื”ืื“ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“
00:28
man in history'.
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ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”".
00:29
Yes, while Armstrong
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ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืืจืžืกื˜ืจื•ื ื’
00:31
delivered his famous quote
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ื ืฉื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ืฉืœื•
00:32
when taking the first steps on the lunar
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ื›ืฉืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ
00:35
surface, and Buzz followed soon
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ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ืจื—, ื•ื‘ืื– ื‘ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ
00:36
after, Collins was left behind
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ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ืงื•ืœื™ื ืก ื ื•ืชืจ ืžืื—ื•ืจ
00:38
to circle the Moon, tasked with
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ืœื”ืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ืจื—, ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื•
00:40
the huge responsibility of getting
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ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื
00:42
the three pioneers - the first
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ืืช ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืฆื™ื -
00:44
people to do something -
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• -
00:45
back to Earth. That's right.
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ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
00:47
And many people over the
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ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš
00:48
years have wondered whether
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ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืชื”ื• ื”ืื
00:50
he was disappointed not to
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืื›ื–ื‘ ืžื›ืš ืฉืœื
00:51
have walked on the Moon.
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ื”ืœืš ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื—.
00:53
How would you feel if you
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ืื™ืš ื”ื™ื™ืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืื ื”ื™ื™ืช
00:54
went all that way and didn't
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ื”ื•ืœืš ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ ื•ืœื
00:55
stand on the Moon, Georgina?
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ืชืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื—, ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ื ื”?
00:57
Me personally - I'd probably be
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ืื ื™ ืื™ืฉื™ืช - ื›ื ืจืื” ืื”ื™ื” ื“ื™
01:00
pretty devastated - but I think it
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ื”ืจื•ืก - ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื”
01:02
depends on personality. To be
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ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช. ืœืžืขืŸ
01:04
honest, I'd probably be too
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ื”ืืžืช, ืื ื™ ื›ื ืจืื”
01:06
scared to go to the
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01:06
Moon anyway.
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ืžืคื—ื“ ืžื“ื™ ืœืœื›ืช
ืœื™ืจื— ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืจื”.
01:08
Yes - and just think about
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ื›ืŸ - ื•ืจืง ืชื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ
01:09
being in a space module
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ื—ืœืœ
01:10
together - trapped for all those
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- ืœื›ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ
01:12
hours - it could create quite
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ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื” - ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืžืฉ
01:14
the sense of camaraderie - a
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ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืื—ื•ื•ื” -
01:16
friendship and trust formed
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ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื•
01:17
by spending time together.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.
01:19
Or you could drive each
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ืื• ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื’ืข ืื—ื“ ืืช
01:20
other crazy asking questions!
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ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื•ืช!
01:23
Which is what I'm going to do
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช
01:25
now, Georgina. I know how
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ื ื”. ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข
01:27
much you love animals - and
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ื›ืžื” ืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ื—ื™ื•ืช - ื•ื”ื—ื™ื”
01:28
the first animal that went
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื™ืฆืื”
01:29
into space was a Russian
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ืœื—ืœืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
01:31
dog in 1957, but what
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ื›ืœื‘ ืจื•ืกื™ ื‘-1957, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืš
01:33
was that dog's name? a) Irina, b) Laika or
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ืงืจืื• ืœื›ืœื‘ ื”ื–ื”? ื) ืื™ืจื™ื ื”, ื‘) ืœืื™ืงื” ืื•
01:38
c) Anastasia?
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ื’) ืื ืกื˜ืกื™ื”?
01:39
Well, I think I know this
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช
01:40
one - b) Laika - and I believe,
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ื–ื” - ื‘) ืœืื™ืงื” - ื•ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ,
01:43
sadly, she didn't survive.
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ืœืฆืขืจื™, ื”ื™ื ืœื ืฉืจื“ื”.
01:45
OK, Georgina, we'll find out if
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ื ื”, ื ื’ืœื” ืื
01:46
that's right at the end of the
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ืฃ
01:48
programme. But let's talk
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ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช. ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ื‘ืจ
01:49
more about Michael Collins
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื™ืงืœ ืงื•ืœื™ื ืก
01:51
and that famous trip to the
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ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืกืข ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื”ื–ื”
01:52
Moon that captured people's
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ืœื™ืจื— ืฉืžืฉืš ืืช
01:53
attention around the world.
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ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
01:55
Yes - I think one thing that
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ื›ืŸ - ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉืชืžื™ื“
01:56
has always interested me is
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ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ ื”ื•ื
01:58
the feeling of friendship, or
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ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช, ืื•
02:00
as you said camaraderie, that
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืช ืื—ื•ื•ื”,
02:01
must have developed between
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ืฉื‘ื˜ื— ื”ืชืคืชื—ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ
02:02
those three explorers.
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ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
02:04
But, perhaps surprisingly, in
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ืื‘ืœ, ืื•ืœื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืคืชื™ืข,
02:06
an interview with the BBC
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ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”-BBC
02:08
programme Hard Talk, Collins
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Hard Talk,
02:10
said the close connection
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ืืžืจ ืงื•ืœื™ื ืก ืฉื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื”ื“ื•ืง
02:11
between the astronauts
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื•ื ืื•ื˜ื™ื
02:12
didn't develop until later.
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ื”ืชืคืชื— ืจืง ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:16
We formed some very strong
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ื™ืฆืจื ื• ื›ืžื” ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื–ืงื™ื
02:18
bonds, but actually, not really
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, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืฆื, ืœื ืžืžืฉ
02:21
during the flight of Apollo 11
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื˜ื™ืกืช ืืคื•ืœื• 11
02:24
or even during the preparatory
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš
02:25
flight of the flight. It was a
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ื˜ื™ืกืช ื”ื”ื›ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื”. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”
02:28
round-the-world trip that
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ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ืฉืขืฉื™ื ื•
02:30
we took after the flight.
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื”.
02:32
When I came to know Neil
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ื›ืฉื”ื›ืจืชื™ ืืช ื ื™ืœ
02:35
better. During our training,
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ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
02:37
in the first place we had not
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ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื
02:39
been a backup as most
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ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื›ืžื• ืจื•ื‘
02:42
primary crews had been,
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ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•,
02:45
so we just got to know
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ืื– ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ื›ืจื ื•
02:47
each other in the 6 months
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ื–ื” ืืช ื–ื” ื‘-6 ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื
02:49
before the flight, which
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ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืกื”,
02:50
is a short period of time.
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ืฉื”ื ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ.
02:53
So, it wasn't really until
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ืื–, ืจืง
02:55
afterwards that they
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ืื—ืจ ื›ืš ื”ื
02:56
formed those strong bonds -
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ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ื—ื–ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื” -
02:58
the connections between
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ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื
02:59
them, until on a trip round
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, ืขื“ ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘
03:00
the world to talk about
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ืœืขื•ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ
03:02
their experiences.
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ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
03:03
Six months sounds like
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ืฉื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื ืฉืžืขื™ื ื›ืžื•
03:04
a long time, but I suppose
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉื›ืืฉืจ
03:06
when preparing to become
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ืžืชื›ื•ื ื ื™ื
03:08
famous and go down in
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ืœื”ืชืคืจืกื ื•ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื
03:09
history, as they did - it
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ื‘ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื ืขืฉื• - ื–ื”
03:11
doesn't leave much time
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ืœื ืžืฉืื™ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ
03:12
for personal interactions.
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ืœืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช.
03:14
One of the sad things to
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ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืขืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ
03:15
take away is that everyone
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ืœืงื—ืช ืžืžื ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ื•ืœื
03:16
remembers Armstrong and
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ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ืืจืžืกื˜ืจื•ื ื’
03:18
Aldrin, but sometimes
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ื•ืืœื“ืจื™ืŸ, ืื‘ืœ ืœืคืขืžื™ื
03:19
Collins is seen as
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ืงื•ืœื™ื ืก ื ืชืคืก ื›ืื“ื
03:20
the forgotten man.
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ื”ื ืฉื›ื—.
03:22
Yes - and he did say in
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ื›ืŸ - ื•ื”ื•ื ืื›ืŸ ืืžืจ
03:23
the interview that he would
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ื‘ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื”
03:24
have loved to walk on the
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ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืœื›ืช ืขืœ
03:25
Moon, but he was very
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ื”ื™ืจื—, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“
03:27
proud to be a part of
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ื’ืื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง
03:28
the team - as he was
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ืžื”ืฆื•ื•ืช - ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื”
03:29
one of the trailblazers -
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ืื—ื“ ืžืคื•ืจืฆื™ ื”ื“ืจืš -
03:31
a similar word to pioneer.
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ืžื™ืœื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื—ืœื•ืฅ.
03:33
They most certainly were
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ื”ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื”ื™ื•
03:34
trailblazers. But imagine how
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ืคื•ืจืฆื™ ื“ืจืš. ืื‘ืœ ืชืืจื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืื™ืš
03:35
he must have felt - circling
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ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ - ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘
03:37
around Moon, all alone!
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ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื™ืจื—, ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืœื‘ื“!
03:39
Yes, a lot of people
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื
03:40
questioned Collins afterwards
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ื—ืงืจื• ืืช ืงื•ืœื™ื ืก ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ
03:42
regarding the solitude, about
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช, ืขืœื™ื”
03:43
which he had this to say in
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื•
03:45
the same interview with
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ืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช
03:46
BBC programme Hard Talk:
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ื”-BBC Hard Talk:
03:50
Well, I... when I returned
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™... ื›ืฉื—ื–ืจืชื™
03:52
to Earth, I was amazed
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ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ, ื ื“ื”ืžืชื™
03:53
because most of the
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืจื•ื‘
03:54
questions to me from the
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ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื™
03:56
press centred on: You were the
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ืžื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื”: ื”ื™ื™ืช
03:58
loneliest man in the whole
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ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœ
03:59
lonely orbit around the lonely
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ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืกื‘ื™ื‘
04:01
planet on a lonely evening.
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ื›ื•ื›ื‘ ื”ืœื›ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื‘ืขืจื‘ ื‘ื•ื“ื“.
04:03
And I felt, on the other hand,
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ื•ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™, ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™,
04:06
quite comfortable in my happy
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ื“ื™ ื ื•ื—
04:08
little home inside the command
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉืžื— ื‘ืชื•ืš
04:10
module Columbia. I had been
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ืžื•ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื”. ืื ื™
04:14
flying aeroplanes by myself
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ื˜ืกืชื™ ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ืœื‘ื“
04:15
for a number of years. So, the
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืžืกืคืจ ืฉื ื™ื. ืื–
04:17
fact I was aloft by myself
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ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืจื•ืžืžืช ืœื‘ื“ื™
04:20
was not anything new.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื—ื“ืฉ.
04:23
So, it sounds like he
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ืื–, ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื
04:24
appreciated the peace and
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ื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ืฉืงื˜ ื•ื”ืฉืœื•ื•ื”
04:25
quiet and he felt used to it
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื–ื”
04:27
having been alone on flights.
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื˜ื™ืกื•ืช.
04:29
Yes - while people talk about
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ื›ืŸ - ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ
04:31
the two who walked on the
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ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืœื›ื• ืขืœ
04:32
Moon, he must have
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ื”ื™ืจื—, ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™
04:33
experienced an incredible
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ื—ื•ื•ื”
04:34
sense of peace while on the
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ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืฉืœื•ื•ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฆื“
04:36
dark side of the Moon - the
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ื”ืืคืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืจื— -
04:38
first person ever to go there.
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ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืื™ ืคืขื ืฉื”ืœืš ืœืฉื.
04:40
But now, Georgina, let's get the
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืงื‘ืœ ืืช
04:42
answer to my question: What
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™: ืžื”
04:43
was the name of the first
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉืžื” ืฉืœ
04:45
animal, a dog, to
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ื”ื—ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื›ืœื‘,
04:46
go into space?
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ืฉื™ืฆืื” ืœื—ืœืœ?
04:47
I said Laika.
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ืืžืจืชื™ ืœื™ื™ืงื”.
04:49
Which is correct, well done!
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ืžื” ืฉื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“!
04:51
And you were right when you
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ื•ืฆื“ืงืช ื›ืฉืืžืจืช
04:52
said that she sadly didn't
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ ืœื
04:53
survive the return to Earth.
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ืฉืจื“ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ.
04:55
Well, speaking of dogs,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœื‘ื™ื,
04:57
I need to feed mine soon -
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ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืื›ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ -
04:58
so let's just recap
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ืื– ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกื›ื
04:59
some of the vocabulary
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ืงืฆืช ืžืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื
05:00
we've discussed.
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ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœื™ื•.
05:02
Yes, we had camaraderie -
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ื™ื ื™ื ื• ืื—ื•ื•ื” -
05:04
a sense of trust and
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ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช
05:05
friendship after spending a
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ืœืื—ืจ
05:07
long time together, and the
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ื‘ื™ืœื•ื™ื™ื ืžืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ื™ื—ื“, ื•ื™ืฆื™ืจืช
05:08
creation of strong bonds
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ืงืฉืจื™ื
05:10
or connections.
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ืื• ืงืฉืจื™ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื.
05:11
And if you're the first person
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ื•ืื ืืชื” ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
05:12
to do something, you could
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ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื•, ืืคืฉืจ
05:14
be called a pioneer.
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ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืš ื—ืœื•ืฅ.
05:15
Or even a trailblazer which
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื•ืจืฅ ื“ืจืš
05:17
means the same thing.
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ืฉืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ.
05:18
And if you are the first
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ื•ืื ืืชื”
05:19
person to do something, you
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ื”ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื•, ืืชื”
05:20
could become famous
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืคืจืกื
05:22
and go down in history.
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ื•ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”.
05:23
And finally we spoke about
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ
05:25
the solitude, or state of being
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ื”ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื•ืช, ืื• ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
05:27
alone, that Collins
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ืœื‘ื“, ืฉืงื•ืœื™ื ืก
05:28
must have experienced.
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ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ื—ื•ื•ื”.
05:30
Well, we're out of time for
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื ื’ืžืจ ืœื ื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ
05:31
today. We have plenty more
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ืœื”ื™ื•ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช
05:33
6 Minute English
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ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช
05:34
programmes to enjoy on
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ืœื™ื”ื ื•ืช
05:35
our website at
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ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช
05:36
bbclearningenglish.com.
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bbclearningenglish.com.
05:38
If you are busy, we offer
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ืื ืืชื” ืขืกื•ืง, ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื
05:39
English in a Minute: short
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ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ื“ืงื”:
05:41
videos with tips on how to
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ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฆืจื™ื ืขื ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ื›ื™ืฆื“
05:43
improve your English.
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ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœืš.
05:44
And check us out on
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ื•ืชื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื•ืชื ื•
05:45
Facebook, Twitter
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ื‘ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง, ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ
05:46
and Instagram.
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ื•ืื™ื ืกื˜ื’ืจื.
05:47
Don't forget we have an
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ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื•
05:48
app too, which you can
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ื’ื ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”, ืื•ืชื” ืชื•ื›ืœื•
05:50
download for free from the
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ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื
05:51
app stores. We help you
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ืžื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช. ืื ื• ืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืš
05:53
learn English on the move!
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืชื ื•ืขื”!
05:55
Grammar, vocabulary, and
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ื“ืงื“ื•ืง, ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื
05:57
interesting topics - we have
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ื•ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื - ื™ืฉ ืœื ื•
05:58
them all! Visit our website!
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ืืช ื›ื•ืœื! ื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•!
06:01
Get the app!
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ื”ื•ืจื“ ืืช ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”!
06:02
Bye for now.
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ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื.
06:04
Goodbye.
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ื”ึฑื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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