La Palma: Volcano erupts: BBC News Review

72,509 views ใƒป 2021-09-21

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
A volcano has erupted on the Spanish island of La Palma.
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ื”ืจ ื’ืขืฉ ื”ืชืคืจืฅ ื‘ืื™ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืœื” ืคืœืžื”.
00:04
Thousands have been forced to evacuate.
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ืืœืคื™ื ื ืืœืฆื• ืœื”ืชืคื ื•ืช.
00:06
I'm Neil and this is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ ื•ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”-BBC Learning English.
00:10
Joining me today is Roy. Hi Roy.
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ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืืœื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ืจื•ืขื™. ื”ื™ื™ ืจื•ืขื™.
00:13
Hello Neil and hello everybody.
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ืฉืœื•ื ื ื™ืœ ื•ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื.
00:15
If you would like to test yourself on the vocabulary around this story,
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ืื ืชืจืฆื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื›ื ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”,
00:19
all you need to do is head to our website
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•
00:21
bbclearningenglish.com to take a quiz.
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bbclearningenglish.com ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื—ืช ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ.
00:25
But now, let's hear more about this story from this BBC News report:
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืฉืžืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”-BBC:
00:42
So, a volcano has erupted on the Spanish island of La Palma,
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ืื–, ื”ืจ ื’ืขืฉ ื”ืชืคืจืฅ ื‘ืื™ ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ ืœื” ืคืœืžื”,
00:47
which is one of the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืื™ื™ื ื”ืงื ืจื™ื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื—ื•ืคื™ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
00:50
It is home to around 80,000 people
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื› -80,000 ืื™ืฉ
00:53
and at the moment 5,000 people have been evacuated.
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ื•ื›ืจื’ืข ืคื•ื ื• 5,000 ืื™ืฉ .
00:57
Now, this volcano has not erupted for the last 50 years
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ื›ืขืช, ื”ืจ ื”ื’ืขืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืชืคืจืฅ ื‘ืžืฉืš 50 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช
01:02
ย  and at the moment, fortunately, nobody has been seriously hurt
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ื•ื›ืจื’ืข, ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืžื–ืœ, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื ืคื’ืข ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช
01:06
and we really hope it stays that way.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ื›ืš.
01:09
Yes, we do. Now, you've been looking around the various news websites
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ื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืŸ. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื™ืคืฉืชื ื‘ืืชืจื™ ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื
01:13
and picked out some really useful vocabulary we can use to talk
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ื•ื‘ื—ืจืชื ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ
01:17
about this story and other things. What have you got?
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ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื•ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœืš?
01:20
We have: 'spewing', 'streaming' and 'scramble'.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื•: 'ืคืœื™ื˜ื”', 'ื–ืจื™ืžื”' ื•'ืœื˜ืจื•ืฃ'.
01:25
'Spewing', 'streaming' and 'scramble'. OK.
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'ืคืœื•ื˜', 'ื–ืจื™ืžื”' ื•'ืงืฉืงืฉ'. ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
01:30
Let's start then with your first headline please, Roy.
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ืื– ื‘ื•ื ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœืš ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืจื•ืขื™.
01:32
So, our first headline comes from right here in the UK,
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ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืžืฉ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”,
01:36
from The Mirror, and it reads:
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ืž-The Mirror, ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”:
01:44
'Spewing' โ€“ coming out in large amounts.
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'Spewing' - ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื‘ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
01:48
Yes. So, this word is spelt S-P-E-W-I-N-G
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ื›ืŸ. ืื–, ืžื™ืœื” ื–ื• ืžืื•ื™ืชืช S-P-E-W-I-N-G
01:54
and it means to expel a large amount of liquid or gas,
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ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ืœื’ืจืฉ ื›ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ืื• ื’ื–,
01:59
often used with... often with force. So, it's like a pressure...
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืขื... ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื•ื—. ืื–, ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœื—ืฅ...
02:03
a pressured release of liquid or gas.
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ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืœื—ืฅ ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ืื• ื’ื–.
02:06
Now, if you think in the case of the volcano,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจ ื”ื’ืขืฉ,
02:09
you can imagine that lava is just forcibly coming out of the
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืœื‘ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื‘ื›ื•ื—
02:12
top of the volcano and going all down the sides of the volcano.
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ืžืจืืฉ ื”ืจ ื”ื’ืขืฉ ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจ ื”ื’ืขืฉ.
02:17
Yeah, and lots of it โ€“ that's key, isn't it?
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ื›ืŸ, ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื–ื” - ื–ื” ื”ืžืคืชื—, ืœื?
02:19
Yes, it really is.
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช.
02:21
So, another way we can use it as well is to talk about smoke.
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ืื– ื“ืจืš ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื’ื ื”ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฉืŸ.
02:25
Now, you can also imagine that the volcano
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ื›ืขืช, ืืชื ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืจ ื”ื’ืขืฉ
02:27
is 'spewing' smoke into the atmosphere,
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'ืžื•ืฆื™ื' ืขืฉืŸ ืœืื˜ืžื•ืกืคื™ืจื”,
02:30
but we can also use it in terms of, for example, cars.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ื”ืื
02:33
Can you think of an example where a car was 'spewing' smoke?
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช 'ืคืœื™ื˜ื”' ืขืฉืŸ?
02:38
Yeah, absolutely. I was driving last night actually โ€“
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ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ื ื”ื’ืชื™ ืืชืžื•ืœ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืขืฆื โ€“
02:41
I was coming home from some friends... a friend's house
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ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ืžื›ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ื... ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจ
02:45
and every time we stopped at the traffic light, the car in front โ€“
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ื•ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืขืฆืจื ื• ื‘ืจืžื–ื•ืจ , ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืœืคื ื™ื โ€“
02:49
when it started again, loads of exhaust 'spewed' out of the pipe โ€“
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืฉื•ื‘, ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืื’ื–ื•ื–ื™ื 'ืคืœื˜ื•' ืžื”ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ โ€“
02:53
the exhaust pipe at the back.
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ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ื”ืคืœื™ื˜ื” ืžืื—ื•ืจ.
02:56
You know, there's lots of this smoke. It was going into...
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ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืขืฉืŸ ื”ื–ื”. ื–ื” ื ื›ื ืก
02:58
into my car and it was very smelly. It wasn't very nice.
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ืœืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืจื™ื— ืžืื•ื“. ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื—ืžื“ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
03:01
Oh no, it sounds horrible. And it was 'spewing' out black smoke.
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ืื•ื™ ืœื, ื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ื ื•ืจื. ื•ื–ื” 'ืคืœื˜' ืขืฉืŸ ืฉื—ื•ืจ.
03:04
So, again, it's that forcible and... release of liquid or gas.
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ืื–, ืฉื•ื‘, ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ื•... ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ ืื• ื’ื–.
03:10
Now, we don't only use it for liquids and gases, do we?
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ืจืง ืœื ื•ื–ืœื™ื ื•ื’ื–ื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:14
We have another meaning: we use it with paper.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช: ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื” ืขื ื ื™ื™ืจ.
03:17
So, for example, maybe you're printing a lot of documents
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ืื–, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื” ืžื“ืคื™ืก ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืกืžื›ื™ื
03:21
and your printer has a malfunction
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ื•ื‘ืžื“ืคืกืช ืฉืœืš ื™ืฉ ืชืงืœื”
03:24
and it just 'spews' out paper everywhere,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ 'ืคื•ืœื˜ืช' ื ื™ื™ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืคืฉื•ื˜ '
03:27
just continuously 'spewing' out paper
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ืคื•ืœื˜ืช' ื ื™ื™ืจ ืœืœื ื”ืจืฃ
03:29
and you're trying to press the button, but you can't stop it.
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ื•ืืชื” ืžื ืกื” ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืคืชื•ืจ, ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืืœ ืชืคืกื™ืง ืืช ื–ื”.
03:32
That's another way that we might use 'spewing'.
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ื–ื• ื“ืจืš ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘'ืคืœื™ื˜ื”'.
03:35
Yeah, and you can imagine that maybe with a cash machine as well,
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ื›ืŸ, ื•ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื–ื” ืื•ืœื™ ื’ื ืขื ื›ืกืคื•ืžื˜,
03:38
where the money doesn't stop. It just comes...
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ืฉื ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืœื ืขื•ืฆืจ. ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ื...
03:42
comes flying out as if it's a continuous flow.
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ื™ื•ืฆื ืžืขื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื–ื• ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช.
03:45
Sadly, that's never happened to me.
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ืœืฆืขืจื™, ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืงืจื” ืœื™.
03:47
I've always hoped that the cash machine would spew out lots of cash...
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ืชืžื™ื“ ืงื™ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื›ืกืคื•ืžื˜ ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื–ื•ืžื ื™ื... ื’ื
03:50
Me neither! ...but it's never happened.
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ืื ื™ ืœื! ...ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืงืจื”.
03:53
There is... there is another meeting โ€“ a far more...
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ื™ืฉ... ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืžืคื’ืฉ - ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ...
03:56
well, not very nice meaning. It can be used,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืœื ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืคื”. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•,
03:59
particularly in British English, to mean to vomit.
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช, ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืœื”ืงื™ื.
04:02
Absolutely. So, again, it's this same idea โ€“
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ืื–, ืฉื•ื‘, ื–ื” ืื•ืชื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ -
04:04
if we go back to the volcano with the...
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ืื ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืจ ื”ื’ืขืฉ ืขื...
04:07
the 'spewing' of lava: the forced... the forced expulsion of lava.
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ื”'ืคืœื™ื˜ื”' ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘ื”: ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื›ืคื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื‘ื”.
04:12
We use it as well to talk about a person who is vomiting.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ื’ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืื“ื ืฉืžืงื™ื.
04:14
Maybe you're not very well and you 'spew'
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื” ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืืชื” 'ืคืœื•ื˜'
04:17
and it's commonly used with the preposition 'up' โ€“ to 'spew up'.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ืคื•ืฅ ืขื ืžื™ืœืช ื”ื™ื—ืก 'ืœืžืขืœื”' - ืœ'ืคืœื•ื˜'.
04:22
Absolutely. Let's move away from that, Roy.
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ื‘ื•ื ื ืชืจื—ืง ืžื–ื”, ืจื•ื™.
04:24
I'm beginning to feel a little bit ill.
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ื—ื•ืœื”.
04:26
Let's get a... let's get a summary please:
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ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ... ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”:
04:36
Unfortunately, it seems there are lots of natural disasters going on
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื
04:40
in the world at the moment. We have a story about the California wildfires,
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ืจื’ืข. ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืฉืจื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”,
04:44
which you might want to watch. Where can our viewers find it, Roy?
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ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืชืจืฆื• ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื•. ืื™ืคื” ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื–ื”, ืจื•ืขื™?
04:48
All you need to do is click the link in the description below.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”.
04:53
OK. Let's move on now to our next headline please.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
04:57
OK. So, our next headline comes from the UK,
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”,
04:59
from the Guardian, and it reads:
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ืžื”ื’ืจื“ื™ืืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”:
05:08
'Streaming' โ€“ flowing continuously. Now, Roy โ€“ 'streaming'.
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'ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื™ื ื’' - ื–ื•ืจื ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืจื•ืขื™ โ€“ 'ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื™ื ื’'.
05:13
Everybody knows what 'streaming' is. When I listen to music these days,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ื–ื” 'ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื™ื ื’'. ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžืื–ื™ืŸ ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื”,
05:18
I don't put on a CD, I don't put on a record;
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืขืœื” ื“ื™ืกืง, ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืขืœื” ืชืงืœื™ื˜;
05:21
I 'stream' it. I 'stream' it.
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ืื ื™ 'ืžื–ืจื' ืืช ื–ื”. ืื ื™ 'ืžื–ืจื' ืืช ื–ื”.
05:24
What's the connection between my listening habits
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ืžื” ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ื”ืงืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœื™
05:28
and the use of the word here with a volcano?
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ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ื›ืืŸ ืขื ื”ืจ ื’ืขืฉ?
05:31
Well, this is a great example. Now, when you're listening to music,
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื ืช. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืื–ื™ืŸ ืœืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”,
05:33
do you like it to be continuous or do you like it to be interrupted?
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ื”ืื ืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื”ื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืื• ืฉืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื•ืคืจืข?
05:37
Maybe there's a problem with it. How do you... how do you prefer it?
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ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ืขื ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ื”. ืื™ืš ืืชื”... ืื™ืš ืืชื” ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืืช ื–ื”?
05:40
Continuous.
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ืจึธืฆึดื™ืฃ.
05:41
Absolutely. So, we use the word 'streaming'
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ืื–, ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื” 'ื–ืจื™ืžื”'
05:44
to talk about a continuous flow of something.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•.
05:48
So, in this case, we're talking about data
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ืื–, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื
05:50
or information across the internet โ€“
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ืื• ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ -
05:52
that music 'streaming' across the internet.
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ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ื–ื• 'ืžื–ืจืžืช' ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
05:55
It's a constant flow of that information
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืžืชืžื“ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื”
05:58
and another good example of this, using information across the internet,
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ื•ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื›ืš, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜,
06:02
is to talk about video gamers.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื’ื™ื™ืžืจื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•.
06:04
You know, there's a lot of people who 'stream' content on various
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ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉ'ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื' ืชื•ื›ืŸ
06:08
sites on the internet, showing off their playing of video games.
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ื‘ืืชืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ืžืจืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•.
06:11
They are 'streaming' their content across the internet โ€“
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ื”ื 'ืžืฉื“ืจื™ื' ืืช ื”ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ -
06:15
a continuous flow of these video games.
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ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื”ืืœื”.
06:18
Yeah. And a very simple way to remember this
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ื“ืจืš ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื–ืืช
06:21
is that the name of this, sort of, little river.
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ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื ืฉืœ ื–ื”, ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื ื”ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ.
06:24
A little river is a 'stream', isn't it?
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ื ื”ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ื”ื•ื 'ื ื—ืœ', ืœื?
06:26
And what... what happens in a river?
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ื•ืžื”... ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื ื”ืจ?
06:28
There is a flow โ€“ a flow of water โ€“ a continuous flow.
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ื™ืฉ ื–ืจื™ืžื” - ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื - ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช.
06:32
Yes, definitely. Very much the origin of that word.
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ื›ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ืžืื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื•.
06:36
So, the continuous flow of water down the 'stream'.
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ืื–, ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ 'ื”ื ื—ืœ'.
06:38
The water is 'streaming'.
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ื”ืžื™ื 'ื–ื•ืจืžื™ื'.
06:41
Also we can use this word 'streaming' to describe
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• 'ื–ืจื™ืžื”' ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืืจ
06:44
what happens to your nose when you have a very bad cold.
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ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœืืฃ ืฉืœืš ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžืชืงืจืจ ืžืื•ื“.
06:49
So, first we had 'spew' for vomit
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ืื– ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืคืœื™ื˜ื”' ืœื”ืงืื”
06:51
and now we're talking about problems related to noses and eyes.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืืฃ ื•ืœืขื™ื ื™ื™ื.
06:55
So, yeah, when you have maybe a heavy cold,
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ืื–, ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืฆื˜ื ื ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื”,
06:58
quite often your nose will expel or flow with a lot of liquid.
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืฃ ืฉืœืš ื™ื•ืฆื™ื ืื• ื™ื–ืจื•ื ืขื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื•ื–ืœื™ื.
07:02
Likewise, your eyes... we sometimes say your eyes are 'running',
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš... ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš 'ื–ื•ืจืžื•ืช',
07:06
but you can also say your nose is 'streaming'
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืืฃ ืฉืœืš 'ื–ื•ืจื'
07:09
when it's a constant flow of liquid,
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืžืชืžื“ืช ืฉืœ ื ื•ื–ืœ,
07:11
thanks to a heavy cold or your eyes are 'streaming'.
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ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื˜ื ื ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื” ืื• ืฉื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš 'ื–ื•ืจืžื•ืช'.
07:14
And likewise, when you're very upset, you're very emotional โ€“ you cry
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ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืื•ื“ ื›ื•ืขืก, ืืชื” ืžืื•ื“ ืจื’ืฉื ื™ - ืืชื” ื‘ื•ื›ื”
07:19
and you can say tears are 'streaming' down your face.
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ื•ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื“ืžืขื•ืช 'ื–ื•ืœื’ื•ืช' ืขืœ ืคื ื™ืš.
07:23
Absolutely. It's like, sort of, rivers โ€“ 'streams' coming down your face.
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜. ื–ื” ื›ืžื•, ื‘ืขืจืš, ื ื”ืจื•ืช - 'ื–ืจืžื™ื' ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื.
07:27
Yeah. Especially when you have a cold,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืฆื˜ื ื ื•ืช,
07:29
sometimes it can be really heavy.
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ื›ื‘ื“.
07:32
Or an allergic reaction.
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ืื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืืœืจื’ื™ืช.
07:33
Absolutely.
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ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜.
07:35
ย  OK. Let's get a summary:
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื‘ื•ื ื ืงื‘ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื:
07:44
OK. We've been talking about 'streams', liquids, water
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ 'ื ื—ืœื™ื', ื ื•ื–ืœื™ื, ืžื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ
07:47
and we have a story about water and the moon.
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ืœื ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื—.
07:50
Where can our viewers find it, Roy?
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ืื™ืคื” ื”ืฆื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื–ื”, ืจื•ืขื™?
07:53
All you need to do is click the link in the description below.
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ื”.
07:58
Let's have a look at your next headline.
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ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœืš.
08:00
So, my next headline comes from the UK,
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ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื™ ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”,
08:02
from the Daily Mail, and it reads:
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ืžื”ื“ื™ื™ืœื™ ืžื™ื™ืœ, ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื”:
08:13
'Scramble' โ€“ move quickly in response to a dangerous situation.
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'Scramble' - ื–ื– ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžืฆื‘ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ.
08:19
Yes. So, this word is spelt S-C-R-A-M-B-L-E.
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ื›ืŸ. ืื–, ื”ืžื™ืœื” ื”ื–ื• ืžืื•ื™ืชืช S-C-R-A-M-B-L-E.
08:26
And it can be used as both a verb and a noun
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื’ื ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื•ื’ื ื›ืฉื ืขืฆื
08:28
with the same spelling, but in the headline it is being used as a verb.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื›ืชื™ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืคื•ืขืœ.
08:33
Now, when we 'scramble', quite often it's talking about a quick response.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• 'ืžืงืฉืงืฉื™ื', ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื–ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื”.
08:38
There isn't much time to plan and it's just a very rapid response.
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ืื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ื•ื–ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืžืื•ื“.
08:43
So, in the... the case of the headline,
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ืื–, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช,
08:46
the rescuers are 'scrambling' to help people.
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ื”ืžืฆื™ืœื™ื 'ืžืชืืžืฆื™ื' ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื.
08:50
Yeah, it's... there's a lot of action.
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ื›ืŸ, ื–ื”... ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืงืฉืŸ.
08:52
It can seem disorganised. It's urgent, isn't it?
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ืœื ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ. ื–ื” ื“ื—ื•ืฃ, ืœื?
08:56
It's all about being unplanned. Time is of the essence. It's...
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ื”ื›ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ. ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื”ื•ืช. ื–ื”...
09:00
it's a bit of chaos. A lot of maybe loud shouting and movements.
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ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ื›ืื•ืก. ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฆืขืงื•ืช ื•ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ืื•ืœื™ ื—ื–ืงื•ืช.
09:04
But, fundamentally, these people โ€“ the rescuers โ€“ are highly trained.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ืกื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” - ื”ืžืฆื™ืœื™ื - ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.
09:08
They know what they're doing, so they're able to cope with these
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ื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื, ืื– ื”ื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื
09:12
unplanned situations and likewise, when you think of a fire:
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ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืœื ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืจื™ืคื”:
09:16
if there's a fire โ€“ a house is on fire... at the fire station,
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืฉืจื™ืคื” - ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื•ืขืจ... ื‘ืชื—ื ืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื™,
09:21
the fire officers will 'scramble' into their fire engine.
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ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื™ 'ื™ื˜ืจืคื•' ืœืชื•ืš ืžื›ื‘ื™ ื”ืืฉ ืฉืœื”ื.
09:25
They'll โ€“ very quickly, they'll go down their pole.
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ื”ื ื™ืจื“ื• - ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“, ื”ื ื™ืจื“ื• ื‘ืžื•ื˜ ืฉืœื”ื.
09:27
I'm not sure if they still do that, but they'll get into their vehicle.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ืื ื”ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื™ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœืจื›ื‘ ืฉืœื”ื.
09:30
They're highly trained for these unplanned situations,
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ื”ื ืžืื•ืžื ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืœื ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื™ื ืืœื”,
09:33
but they 'scramble' to respond to the dangerous situation.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื 'ืžืชืจื•ืฆืฆื™ื' ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ.
09:37
Yeah, likewise, airplanes โ€“ if there's some kind of attack or something,
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ื›ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื - ืื ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื•ืฉื”ื™ ื”ืชืงืคื” ืื• ืžืฉื”ื•,
09:40
you hear about planes being 'scrambled'.
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ืืชื” ืฉื•ืžืข ืขืœ ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ืฉ'ืžืขื•ืคืคื™ื'.
09:43
Yeah. This is quite commonly used in the military.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ืฆื‘ื.
09:45
So, it's a military response. They 'scramble' their fighter jets,
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ืื– ื–ื• ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืฆื‘ืื™ืช. ื”ื 'ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื' ืืช ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ ื”ืงืจื‘ ืฉืœื”ื,
09:48
or they 'scramble' their fighter planes
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ืื• ืฉื”ื 'ืžืขืจื‘ื‘ื™ื' ืืช ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ ื”ืงืจื‘ ืฉืœื”ื
09:51
to deal with a threat that may be coming towards them.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืื™ื•ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืงืจืืชื.
09:54
Yeah. We also used the word 'scramble' with a...
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื’ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื” 'ืœื˜ืจื•ืฃ' ืขื...
09:58
there's a connection, but it's a slightly different meaning,
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ื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจ, ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ืฉื•ื ื”,
10:00
when you're climbing a hill or a mountain.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžื˜ืคืก ืขืœ ื’ื‘ืขื” ืื• ื”ืจ.
10:03
Yeah. So, again, it's about this fast paced movement.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื–, ืฉื•ื‘, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื ื•ืขื” ื”ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื”ื–ื•.
10:07
Now, I'm not very good at climbing mountains or hills,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ื ืื• ื’ื‘ืขื•ืช,
10:10
so I 'scramble' up them.
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ืื– ืื ื™ 'ืžื˜ืคืก' ืขืœื™ื”ื.
10:12
My hands and my arms and my legs are going everywhere.
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ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
10:15
It's a kind of chaotic and erratic movement,
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ื–ื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื›ืื•ื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื”,
10:17
to try and 'scramble' up a hill.
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ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•'ืœื˜ืจื•ืฃ' ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื’ื‘ืขื”.
10:19
Have you... have you 'scrambled' up any hills recently?
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ื”ืื ืืชื”... ื”ืื 'ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื‘' ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื’ื‘ืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”?
10:22
Not recently, but I'm planning to this weekend.
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ืœื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืœืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื”ื–ื”.
10:25
I'm going to visit the English Lake District,
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ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืข ื”ืื’ืžื™ื ื”ืื ื’ืœื™,
10:28
where there are plenty of hills to 'scramble' up.
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ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื’ื‘ืขื•ืช ืœ'ื”ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช' ื‘ืžืขืœื”.
10:31
Very, very nice.
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ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ื ื—ืžื“.
10:32
Yeah. And one further meaning of 'scramble',
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ 'ื˜ืจื•ืฃ',
10:35
which you may well have heard, is connected to eggs.
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ืฉืื•ืœื™ ืฉืžืขืชื, ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื™ื.
10:38
I love 'scrambled' eggs.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืžืงื•ืฉืงืฉื•ืช.
10:40
What connects this idea of 'scramble' to the ones we've been talking about?
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ืžื” ืžื—ื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ 'ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช' ืœืืœื• ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื?
10:44
OK. So, when you 'scramble' your eggs,
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ืื–, ื›ืฉืืชื” 'ืžืขืจื‘ื‘' ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืœืš,
10:46
you cook your eggs and then you take a fork or a whisk and you rapidly,
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ืืชื” ืžื‘ืฉืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืœืš ื•ืื– ืืชื” ืœื•ืงื— ืžื–ืœื’ ืื• ืžื˜ืจืคื” ื•ืืชื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
10:51
sort of, beat these eggs โ€“ without, sort of, a plan.
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ื‘ืขืจืš, ืžื›ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ื”ืืœื” - ื‘ืœื™, ื›ืื™ืœื•, ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช.
10:54
It's kind of chaotic movement โ€“ very fast to mix these eggs together.
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ื–ื• ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื›ืื•ื˜ื™ืช - ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขืจื‘ื‘ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื™ื—ื“.
10:59
So, you can 'scramble' your eggs, mixing them together and that idea
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ืื–, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ 'ืœื˜ืจื•ืฃ' ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืœืš, ืœืขืจื‘ื‘ ืื•ืชืŸ ื™ื—ื“ ื•ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”
11:03
of it being fast and quite chaotic is carried over from the meaning,
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ืฉืœ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ื“ื™ ื›ืื•ื˜ื™ ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ืžื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช,
11:08
but this case โ€“ it's about mixing something.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื” - ื–ื” ืขืœ ืขืจื‘ื•ื‘ ืžืฉื”ื•.
11:12
Yeah, OK. Yeah. Alright, let's get a summary:
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ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืกื“ืจ. ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืงื‘ืœ ืชืงืฆื™ืจ: ื”ื’ื™ืข
11:22
Time now then, Roy, for a recap of our vocabulary please.
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ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืจื•ื™, ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
11:25
Yes, we had 'spewing' โ€“ coming out in large amounts.
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ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืคืœื™ื˜ื”' - ื™ืฆื ื‘ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช.
11:31
We had 'streaming' โ€“ flowing continuously.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืกื˜ืจื™ืžื™ื ื’' - ื–ื•ืจื ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช.
11:35
And we had 'scramble' โ€“ move quickly in response to a dangerous situation.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ื˜ืจื•ืฃ' - ืœื ื•ืข ืžื”ืจ ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืœืžืฆื‘ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ.
11:41
If you want to test yourself on the vocabulary,
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ืื ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžืš ืขืœ ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื,
11:43
go to our website bbclearningenglish.com
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื• bbclearningenglish.com
11:46
and there's a quiz you can take,
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช,
11:48
and plenty of other stuff to help you improve your English.
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœืš ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืฉืœืš.
11:50
Thanks for joining us. See you next time. Goodbye.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื•. ื ืชืจืื” ื‘ืคืขื ื”ื‘ืื”. ื”ึฑื™ื” ืฉืœื•ื.
11:54
Bye.
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ื‘ื™ื™.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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