Iran protests: BBC News Review

96,025 views ใƒป 2022-10-12

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:00
Protests in Iran. Younger generation demand change.
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ื”ืคื’ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจืืŸ. ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™.
00:05
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
00:07
I'm Neil. And I'm Beth.
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ืื ื™ ื ื™ืœ. ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืช'.
00:10
Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary to talk about the story.
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ื”ืงืคื“ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืขื“ ื”ืกื•ืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ. ื•ืืœ
00:13
And don't forget to subscribe to this channel, like the video
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ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ื–ื”, ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืง ืœืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ
00:17
and try the quiz on our website. Now, the story.
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ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
00:22
"Neither headscarf, nor humiliation. Freedom and equality."
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"ืœื ืžื˜ืคื—ืช, ื•ืœื ื”ืฉืคืœื”. ื—ื•ืคืฉ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ".
00:29
This is one thing university students
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ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืฉืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”
00:44
last month when a young woman died after being arrested by the morality police
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00:44
for not covering her hair.
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ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืฉืขื‘ืจ, ื›ืืฉืจ ืฆืขื™ืจื” ืžืชื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ืขืฆืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื”ืžื•ืกืจ
ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ื›ื™ืกืชื” ืืช ืฉืขืจื”.
00:48
Many members of the younger generation say they want a different lifestyle
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืื•ืจื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื”
00:53
and don't identify with the Iranian regime.
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ื•ืื™ื ื ืžื–ื“ื”ื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ ื”ืื™ืจืื ื™.
00:57
Human rights groups say two hundred people have died in the protests so far.
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ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืื“ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืžืืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžืชื• ื‘ื”ืคื’ื ื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ื”.
01:05
You've been looking at the headlines,
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช,
01:06
Beth. What's the vocabulary? We have 'fan flames', 'wave' and 'Gen Z'.
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ื‘ืช'. ืžื” ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื? ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืžื ื™ืคื•ืช', 'ื’ืœ' ื•-'Gen Z'.
01:15
This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกืงื™ืจืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ BBC Learning English.
01:24
Let's have a look at our first headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื ื•.
01:27
This one is from The Financial Times. ย 
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ื–ื” ืžื”"ืคื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ื™ืžืก".
01:36
And, so, the headline is saying that celebrities inside
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ื•ื›ืš, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืกืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจืืŸ
01:40
and out of Iran are taking part in anti-regime protests, that's protests
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ื•ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื” ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื—ืœืง ื‘ื”ืคื’ื ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื—ืื•ืช
01:46
against the current political system.
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ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช.
01:48
But the expression that we are looking at is 'fan flames'
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืฉืื ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื 'ืžื ื™ืคืช ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช'
01:53
or, fully, 'fanned the flames of something'.
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ืื•, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื, 'ืœื™ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•'.
01:57
And we need to break that down, the first part is the word 'fan'.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืจืง ืืช ื–ื” , ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื™ืœื” 'ืื•ื”ื“'.
02:01
Now, Beth, we are in a TV studio.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืช', ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืœืคืŸ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”.
02:04
There are lights. They're quite hot.
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ื™ืฉ ืื•ืจื•ืช. ื”ื ื“ื™ ืœื•ื”ื˜ื™ื.
02:06
Yep, you're right.
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ื›ืŸ, ืืชื” ืฆื•ื“ืง.
02:07
Sometimes it gets so hot in here that we have to 'fan' ourselves to cool down.
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื ื›ืืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื 'ืžืื•ื•ืจืจ' ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืงืจืจ.
02:13
Yeah. OK, so that's the first part, 'fan'.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ, 'ืื•ื”ื“'.
02:16
We need to look at the second part now, 'flames'.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืฉื ื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, 'ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช'.
02:19
If you light a fire,
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ืื ืืชื” ืžื“ืœื™ืง ืืฉ,
02:21
let's say a barbecue, and you want to make the flames more intense,
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ื ื ื™ื— ืžื ื’ืœ, ื•ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื—ืžื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช,
02:26
You can 'fan the flames' and they get stronger.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ 'ืœืœื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช' ื•ื”ืŸ ืžืชื—ื–ืงื•ืช.
02:30
That's the expression 'fan the flames', but we're not talking literally here.
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ื–ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ 'ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช', ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช.
02:35
No. So, generally speaking, 'fan the flames' is an expression
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ืœื. ืื–, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, 'ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช' ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™
02:39
used metaphorically, and it usually means 'to make
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ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื™, ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ 'ืœืขืฉื•ืช
02:43
a tense situation even more tense'. Now, in this headline, celebrities
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ืžืฆื‘ ืžืชื•ื— ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ'. ื›ืขืช, ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื–ื•, ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื
02:48
are encouraging and supporting the protests.
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ืžืขื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื•ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืคื’ื ื•ืช.
02:51
So, that's why we're using it.
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ืื–, ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื•.
02:53
They are making the fire bigger or making the protests bigger.
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ื”ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืืฉ ืื• ืžื’ื“ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืคื’ื ื•ืช.
02:58
That's right. So, celebrities want to encourage the protesters
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ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ืื–, ื™ื“ื•ืขื ื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื
03:03
to carry on until they achieve what they are trying to get.
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ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืžืฉื™ื’ื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’.
03:07
They are 'fanning the flames'.
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ื”ื 'ืžืœื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช'.
03:09
Do we have any other expressions like this?
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ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืืœื”?
03:11
Yes, we have 'add fuel to the fire'.
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ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉืžืŸ ืœืžื“ื•ืจื”'.
03:15
Now, if you 'add fuel',
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ืืชื” 'ืžื•ืกืฃ ื“ืœืง',
03:16
something like wood or coal, to a fire then it gets bigger. Now, again,
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ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ืขืฅ โ€‹โ€‹ืื• ืคื—ื, ืœืžื“ื•ืจื” ืื– ื”ื™ื ื’ื“ืœื”. ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืฉื•ื‘,
03:21
this expression is used metaphorically and it means 'to encourage a situation
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ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื™ ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• 'ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืžืฆื‘
03:26
in which there are strong or high emotions'.
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ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื'.
03:29
OK, let's take a look at that again.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
03:39
Let's have our next headline.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•.
03:41
This is from France 24.
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ื–ื” ืžืฆืจืคืช 24.
03:50
And so the headline is saying that fame, or being famous, is not a shield
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉืชื”ื™ืœื”, ืื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจืกื, ื–ื” ืœื ืžื’ืŸ
03:55
against arrest. A shield is something that protects you.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืžืขืฆืจ. ืžื’ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ืš.
03:59
So, celebrities are also being arrested.
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ืื–, ื’ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ื ืขืฆืจื™ื.
04:03
But the word we're interested in is 'wave'.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื 'ื’ืœ'.
04:06
But we're not talking about water or oceans, are we?
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืžื™ื ืื• ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
04:11
No, but if you think about a 'wave' in the ocean,
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ืœื, ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ 'ื’ืœ' ื‘ืื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืก,
04:13
it start small and then it gets bigger, before getting smaller again.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืงื˜ืŸ ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื’ื“ืœ, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืฉื•ื‘ ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:17
So, in this headline 'wave' is used to mean
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ืื–, ื‘ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื–ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘'ื’ืœ' ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช
04:20
that a lot of arrests are happening at the moment - 'arrest wave'.
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ืฉื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืขืฆืจื™ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื›ืจื’ืข - 'ื’ืœ ืžืขืฆืจ'.
04:26
Yeah. So, since the protests began,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื– ืžืื– ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื”ืคื’ื ื•ืช,
04:28
there's been a large number of arrests - a 'wave' of arrests.
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ื™ืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืขืฆืจื™ื - 'ื’ืœ' ืฉืœ ืžืขืฆืจื™ื.
04:40
Yes, so, in the summer this year,
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04:40
we heard a lot about 'heatwaves'.
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ื›ืŸ, ืื– ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื”ืฉื ื”
ืฉืžืขื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ 'ื’ืœื™ ื—ื•ื'.
04:43
That's high temperatures for a specific amount of time.
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ื–ื” ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืœืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื.
04:47
We also sometimes hear about 'a wave of sickness',
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืขืœ 'ื’ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื”',
04:49
which is lots of people getting sick at the same time.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช.
04:53
Yeah. Are there any other words like 'wave' that have this similar meaning?
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื”ืื ื™ืฉ ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ื›ืžื• 'ื’ืœ' ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื”?
04:58
Yeah. So we can use 'surge'. Again, like a wave, it's connected to water,
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘'ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ'. ืฉื•ื‘, ื›ืžื• ื’ืœ, ื”ื•ื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ื,
05:04
but it's used metaphorically to mean 'a large amount of something happening
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื˜ืคื•ืจื™ ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ 'ื›ืžื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืงื•ืจื”
05:09
at one time', like a 'power surge' or a 'crowd surge', for example.
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ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช', ื›ืžื• 'ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ืžืชื—' ืื• 'ื ื—ืฉื•ืœ ืงื”ืœ', ืœืžืฉืœ.
05:14
OK, let's look at that one more time.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช.
05:24
Our next headline, please.
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ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื‘ืื” ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
05:26
This is from The Telegraph.
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ื–ื” ืžื”ื˜ืœื’ืจืฃ.
05:38
Yes, so, the headline is saying that 'Gen Z' is a 'fearsome
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ื›ืŸ, ืื–, ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉ'ื’ื ืจืœ Z' ื”ื•ื '
05:43
opponent' of the regime. 'Fearsome' means 'frightening' and
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ื™ืจื™ื‘ ืžืคื—ื™ื“' ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจ. 'ืžืคื—ื™ื“' ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• 'ืžืคื—ื™ื“'
05:47
'opponent' is someone or a group against another group.
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ื•'ื™ืจื™ื‘' ื”ื•ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื ื’ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืจืช.
05:51
And the headline is saying that this group, 'Gen Z',
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ื•ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ื–ื•, 'Gen Z',
05:55
are the most frightening opposition group for the government in Iran.
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ื”ื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืื•ืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื” ื”ืžืคื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืื™ืจืืŸ.
06:01
But who or what exactly is 'Gen Z' or 'Gen Z'?
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื™ ืื• ืžื” ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื 'Gen Z' ืื• 'Gen Z'?
06:05
Well, 'Gen Z' is short for 'Generation Z', and it refers to people who were
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, 'Gen Z' ื”ื•ื ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืฉืœ 'ื“ื•ืจ Z', ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื•
06:11
born in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90 ื•ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-2000.
06:16
Now, in Iran and a lot of the protesters are school age
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืื™ืจืืŸ ื•ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ื”ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ
06:21
or university age and that is the age group that is known as 'Gen Z'.
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ืื• ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื•ื–ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื’ื™ืœ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืขื” ื‘ืฉื 'Gen Z'.
06:27
But, we have other names for other generations. What are they?
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ืื‘ืœ, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื. ืžื” ื”ื?
06:33
Yeah, so we have 'millennials'. That refers to people born
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ื›ืŸ, ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ืžื™ืœื ื™ื•ื'. ื–ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื•
06:37
between the early 1980s and the mid 90s, that's me.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-80 ืœืืžืฆืข ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90, ื–ื” ืื ื™.
06:42
We then have 'Generation X'.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 'ื“ื•ืจ X'.
06:44
They were born between mid 1960 and the early 1980s.
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ื”ื ื ื•ืœื“ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืžืฆืข 1960 ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-80.
06:49
And that's me. And then there are the 'baby boomers' who were born
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ื•ื–ื• ืื ื™. ื•ื™ืฉ ืืช 'ื‘ื™ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ื•ื' ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื•
06:53
after World War Two. Yes, and that my parents' generation.
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ืœืื—ืจ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื”. ื›ืŸ, ื•ื–ื” ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™.
06:57
So, why do we have these expressions? Why do we need them?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื”? ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื?
07:01
Well, classifying groups of people by their age is an easy way to differentiate
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืกื™ื•ื•ื’ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืคื™ ื’ื™ืœื ื”ื•ื ื“ืจืš ืงืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœ
07:06
between different groups of people, different generations,
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื, ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
07:10
ย  and it can make it easier for the reader
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื
07:12
if they immediately know which generation and their, kind of,
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ืื ื”ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื™ื“ ืื™ื–ื” ื“ื•ืจ ื•ืกื•ื’
07:17
supposed characteristics that they're reading about.
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ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื' ืงื•ืจืืช ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขืœ.
07:20
Yeah. OK, let's have a look at that again.
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ื›ึผึตืŸ. ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ื ื ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
07:31
We've had 'fan the flames of something', encourage an already tense situation.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• 'ืžื ื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื•', ืขื•ื“ื“ื• ืžืฆื‘ ืžืชื•ื— ืžืžื™ืœื.
07:37
'Wave', lots of things are happening at once.
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'ื’ืœ', ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช.
07:41
And 'Gen Z', the group of people born between the late 1990s and the early 2000s.
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ื•'Gen Z', ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-90 ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-2000.
07:49
Don't forget, there is a quiz on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
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ืืœ ืชืฉื›ื—, ื™ืฉ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•, bbclearningenglish.com.
07:54
Thank you for joining us and goodbye. Bye.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื• ื•ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช. ื‘ื™ื™.

Original video on YouTube.com
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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