Translating recipes - 6 Minute English

120,008 views ใƒป 2022-10-13

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:07
Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Sam.
0
7840
4480
ืฉืœื•ื, ื–ื” 6 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช BBC Learning English. ืื ื™ ืกืื.
00:12
And I'm Rob. The British are not famous
1
12320
3000
ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ื‘. ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืœื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื
00:15
for their food or rather they are famous,
2
15320
2920
ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœื”ื ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื,
00:18
but for bad food.
3
18240
1960
ืืœื ื‘ืื•ื›ืœ ืจืข.
00:20
While French and Italian cooking is admired around the world,
4
20200
3880
ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™ ื•ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ ื–ื•ื›ื” ืœื”ืขืจืฆื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
00:24
the UK has a reputation for overboiled vegetables,
5
24080
3680
ืœื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœื™ื ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื”,
00:27
mushy peas and black pudding, a dish made from pig's blood.
6
27760
4360
ืืคื•ื ื” ืขื™ืกื” ื•ืคื•ื“ื™ื ื’ ืฉื—ื•ืจ, ืžื ื” ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ ืžื“ื ื—ื–ื™ืจ.
00:32
Oh, that doesn't sound very tasty,
7
32120
2640
ืื”, ื–ื” ืœื ื ืฉืžืข ื˜ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“,
00:34
does it? But
8
34760
1440
ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ืื‘ืœ
00:36
I don't think our reputation for bad cooking is still true today,
9
36200
3480
ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื’ืจื•ืข ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื,
00:39
Sam. The last twenty years have seen big changes as Brits have fallen
10
39680
4480
ืกืื. ื‘ืขืฉืจื™ื ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืœื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื
00:44
in love with international foods like Indian curry and Asian rice dishes
11
44160
5120
ื”ืชืื”ื‘ื• ื‘ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• ืงืืจื™ ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื•ืจื– ืืกื™ื™ืชื™ื•ืช
00:49
and with non-traditional cooking like vegetarian and vegan food.
12
49280
4000
ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืœื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ ื›ืžื• ืื•ื›ืœ ืฆืžื—ื•ื ื™ ื•ื˜ื‘ืขื•ื ื™.
00:53
Some of the most popular food in Britain comes from other countries
13
53280
3480
ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืžืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช
00:56
and includes the recipes, flavours and tastes of those faraway places.
14
56760
4760
ื•ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื.
01:01
But how do recipes and cooking ideas from all over the world make their way
15
61520
4880
ืื‘ืœ ืื™ืš ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื“ืจื›ื
01:06
onto the British dining table? In this programme,
16
66400
3280
ืืœ ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™? ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•,
01:09
we'll be finding out.
17
69680
1400
ื ื’ืœื”.
01:11
We'll be meeting the recipe translators.
18
71080
2120
ื ืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื.
01:13
These chefs translate recipes -
19
73200
2560
ื”ืฉืคื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ื ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื -
01:15
the instructions, explaining how to combine the different items -
20
75760
3400
ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช, ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืื™ืš ืœืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื -
01:19
the ingredients they will cook, from their own language
21
79160
3080
ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื‘ืฉืœื•, ืžื”ืฉืคื” ืฉืœื”ื
01:22
into English, and of course
22
82240
1760
ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื ืœืžื“
01:24
we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well.
23
84000
2600
ื’ื ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:26
Sounds good Rob, but first,
24
86600
1880
ื ืฉืžืข ื˜ื•ื‘ ืจื•ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ืจืืฉื™ืช,
01:28
I have a question for you.
25
88480
2040
ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉืืœื” ืืœื™ืš.
01:30
It may be true that British cooking is better than it used to be,
26
90520
3600
ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืคืขื,
01:34
but there's still some pretty bad food out there.
27
94120
2920
ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืฉื ืื•ื›ืœ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ืข.
01:37
So, according to a 2019 YouGov survey,
28
97040
4040
ืื– ืœืคื™ ืกืงืจ YouGov ืžืฉื ืช 2019,
01:41
which UK Food was voted the worst?
29
101080
3480
ืื™ื–ื” ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื’ืจื•ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ?
01:44
Was it a) steak and kidney pies.
30
104560
3320
ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื) ืคืฉื˜ื™ื“ื•ืช ืกื˜ื™ื™ืง ื•ื›ืœื™ื•ืช.
01:47
b) Scotch eggs, or c) haggis?
31
107880
3760
ื‘) ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืกืงื•ื˜ืฉ, ืื• ื’) ื”ืื’ื™ืก?
01:51
Oh, I've got to say, Scotch eggs.
32
111640
2160
ื”ื•, ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ, ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืกืงื•ื˜ืฉ.
01:53
I've never liked them that much.
33
113800
1320
ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ื›ืœ ื›ืš.
01:55
OK, all right Rob,
34
115120
1400
ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืจื•ื‘,
01:56
I will reveal the answer later in the programme.
35
116520
3800
ืื ื™ ืื’ืœื” ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช.
02:00
Now, as anyone who speaks more than one language knows, translating involves more
36
120320
4400
ื›ืขืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืคื” ืื—ืช , ืชืจื’ื•ื ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
02:04
than getting the dictionary out. Recipe translators need
37
124720
3800
ืžืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื•ืŸ. ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื
02:08
to know the vocabulary for different ingredients and cooking techniques,
38
128520
3720
ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ,
02:12
while also preserving the heart of the recipe.
39
132240
3680
ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืœื‘ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ืŸ.
02:15
Listen as BBC
40
135920
1160
ื”ืื–ื™ื ื• ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช
02:17
World Service programme, The Food Chain, talks with recipe translator,
41
137080
4440
ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ BBC, ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืžืฉื•ื—ื—ืช ืขื ืžืชืจื’ืžืช ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื,
02:21
Rosa Llopis.
42
141520
1680
ืจื•ื–ื” ืœื•ืคื™ืก.
02:23
Long story short,
43
143200
1120
ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ,
02:24
I began to work as an interpreter for Le Cordon Bleu,
44
144320
3320
ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžืŸ ื‘-Le Cordon Bleu,
02:27
the French cuisine school, and I realised that there was no,
45
147640
7320
ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืžื˜ื‘ื— ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™, ื•ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ,
02:34
I mean, no such specialisation in Spain.
46
154960
2920
ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช ื›ื–ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื“.
02:37
at least, like in gastronomy or cooking translation.
47
157880
5000
ืœืคื—ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื’ืกื˜ืจื•ื ื•ืžื™ื” ืื• ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ.
02:42
Recipe translation is closely connected to gastronomy,
48
162960
3320
ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื ืงืฉื•ืจ ืงืฉืจ ื”ื“ื•ืง ืœื’ืกื˜ืจื•ื ื•ืžื™ื”,
02:46
the art and knowledge involved in preparing and eating good food.
49
166280
3680
ืœืืžื ื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื“ืข ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื›ื ื” ื•ืื›ื™ืœืช ืื•ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘.
02:49
This is contained in a country's traditional recipes, written in
50
169960
3600
ื–ื” ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืฉืคื”
02:53
its own language, not English, hence Rosa's decision to specialise in recipe
51
173560
4600
ืฉืœื”, ืœื ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ื–ื” ืœื”ืชืžื—ื•ืช
02:58
translation. If you specialise in a subject, you focus on studying
52
178160
4240
ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื. ืื ืืชื” ืžืชืžื—ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ืืชื” ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“
03:02
and learning all about it.
53
182400
1720
ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืœ.
03:04
When Rosa is asked
54
184120
1320
ื›ืฉืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืืช ืจื•ื–ื”
03:05
how she became a recipe translator.
55
185440
2520
ืื™ืš ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืžืชืจื’ืžืช ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื.
03:07
She begins by saying 'to cut a long story short'.
56
187960
4440
ื”ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ืืžื™ืจื” 'ืœืงืฆืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืืจื•ืš'.
03:12
This phrase can be used when you are explaining what happened in a few words
57
192400
4320
ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื–ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ื
03:16
without giving all the details.
58
196720
2200
ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืชืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื.
03:18
Like most recipe translators, Rosa's goal is to produce a cookbook
59
198920
4440
ื›ืžื• ืจื•ื‘ ืžืชืจื’ืžื™ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืกืคืจ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ
03:23
in English, containing the best recipes from her own country, Spain.
60
203360
4960
ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช, ื”ืžื›ื™ืœ ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžืืจืฆื”, ืกืคืจื“.
03:28
But doing this is not so easy as she explained to BBC
61
208320
3120
ืื‘ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงืœ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื”
03:31
World Service programme, The Food Chain.
62
211440
2200
ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืฉืœ BBC, ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ.
03:33
If my readers
63
213640
1160
ืื ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉืœื™
03:34
canโ€™t replicate those recipes, they wonโ€™t buy the book,
64
214800
5080
ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”, ื”ื ืœื ื™ืงื ื• ืืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
03:39
so what I mean is,
65
219880
2000
ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื,
03:41
I don't only have to find, for instance, the translation of the name
66
221880
4480
ืื ื™ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืจืง ืœืžืฆื•ื, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืืช ื”ืชืจื’ื•ื ืฉืœ ืฉื
03:46
of an ingredient.
67
226360
2440
ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘.
03:48
If it's an ingredient that we don't use or we don't have in Spain,
68
228800
3760
ืื ื–ื” ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ืื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื“,
03:52
I always try to offer an alternative, so they can mimic the flavour or the results
69
232560
8840
ืื ื™ ืชืžื™ื“ ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื—ืœื•ืคื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ืื• ืืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช
04:01
Rosa's cookbook allows readers to replicate her dishes - to make them again
70
241400
5240
ืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืจื•ื–ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืฉื›ืคืœ ืืช ื”ืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœื” - ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื•ื‘
04:06
in exactly the same way.
71
246640
2320
ื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ.
04:08
But this isn't easy when the recipe includes ingredients
72
248960
3240
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืงืœ ื›ืฉื”ืžืชื›ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื
04:12
which are difficult to find - something like lemon grass, which is used
73
252200
4080
ืฉืงืฉื” ืœืžืฆื•ื - ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• ืœืžื•ืŸ ื’ืจืืก, ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ
04:16
in some Spanish cooking,
74
256280
1680
ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœื™ื ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ื™ื,
04:17
but can be hard to find in the shops.
75
257960
3880
ืื‘ืœ ืงืฉื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
04:21
For this reason, Rosa gives an alternative - a substitute ingredient -
76
261840
3560
ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื–ื•, ืจื•ื–ื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื” - ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ -
04:25
which mimics or copies
77
265400
2400
ื”ืžื—ืงื” ืื• ืžืขืชื™ืง
04:27
the flavour of a certain food. To mimic the flavour of lemon grass for example,
78
267800
4720
ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ืฉืœ ืœืžื•ืŸ ื’ืจืืก ืœืžืฉืœ,
04:32
she recommends using lemon juice.
79
272520
3080
ื”ื™ื ืžืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื™ืฅ ืœื™ืžื•ืŸ.
04:35
It's not easy work,
80
275600
1360
ื–ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื ืงืœื”,
04:36
but thanks to recipe translators
81
276960
1840
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืžืชืจื’ืžื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื ื™ื
04:38
like Rosa, people here in the UK can cook something a little tastier
82
278800
4920
ื›ืžื• ืจื•ื–ื”, ืื ืฉื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ืขื™ื
04:43
than meat and boiled vegetables.
83
283720
2280
ืžื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœื™ื.
04:46
Speaking of which, it's time to reveal the answer to my question, Rob.
84
286000
3880
ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื”ื’ื™ืข ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™, ืจื•ื‘.
04:49
Yes, you asked which food was voted the worst by a recent UK YouGov survey,
85
289880
6880
ื›ืŸ, ืฉืืœืช ืื™ื–ื” ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื’ืจื•ืข ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืกืงืจ YouGov ืฉื ืขืจืš ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื ื™ื”,
04:56
and I said it was Scotch eggs - that's boiled eggs wrapped in sausage meat
86
296760
4560
ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืกืงื•ื˜ืฉ - ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืฉืœื•ืช ืขื˜ื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืฉืจ ื ืงื ื™ืง
05:01
and breadcrumbs. Yuck!
87
301320
2800
ื•ืคื™ืจื•ืจื™ ืœื—ื. ืื™ื›ืก!
05:04
In fact, the correct answer was c) haggis - which doesn't sound much nicer
88
304120
4880
ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” c) haggis โ€“ ืžื” ืฉืœื ื ืฉืžืข ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ื—ืžื“
05:09
because the Scottish dish,
89
309000
1720
ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืื›ืœ ื”ืกืงื•ื˜ื™,
05:10
haggis, is made using a sheep's stomach.
90
310720
3640
haggis, ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ืฉื” .
05:14
Oh yuck. OK, let's quickly move on to recap the vocabulary
91
314440
4240
ืื•ื™ ืื™ื›ืก. ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืกื›ื ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื
05:18
we have learnt from this programme, starting with 'ingredient',
92
318680
4000
ืฉืœืžื“ื ื• ืžื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื–ื•, ื”ื—ืœ ื‘'ืžืจื›ื™ื‘',
05:22
an item of food
93
322680
1240
ืคืจื™ื˜ ืžื–ื•ืŸ
05:23
that is combined with other food to prepare a particular dish.
94
323920
4200
ืฉืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ืขื ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืœื”ื›ื ืช ืžื ื” ืžืกื•ื™ืžืช.
05:28
'Gastronomy' is the art and knowledge involved in preparing
95
328120
3240
'ื’ืกื˜ืจื•ื ื•ืžื™ื”' ื”ื™ื ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื›ื ื”
05:31
and eating good food. If you 'specialise'
96
331360
2800
ื•ืื›ื™ืœืช ืื•ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘. ืื ืืชื” 'ืžืชืžื—ื”'
05:34
in something, you have spent time studying and learning all about
97
334160
3680
ื‘ืžืฉื”ื•, ื”ืฉืงืขืช ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื›ืœ
05:37
it, becoming an expert in that subject. ย 
98
337840
2840
, ื•ื”ืคื›ืช ืœืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื–ื”.
05:40
The phrase 'to cut a long story short' is used in British English,
99
340840
4120
ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ 'ืœืงืฆืจ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืืจื•ืš' ืžืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช,
05:44
when you want to explain what happened in a few words
100
344960
3280
ื›ืืฉืจ ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื™ืœื™ื
05:48
without giving all the details. To 'replicate' something means to make
101
348240
4400
ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืชืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื. 'ืœืฉื›ืคืœ' ืžืฉื”ื• ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ
05:52
or do it again in exactly the same way.
102
352640
2480
ืื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืื•ืคืŸ.
05:55
And finally to 'mimic' something means to copy the way in which it is done,
103
355120
4760
ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ 'ืœื—ืงื•ืช' ืžืฉื”ื• ืคื™ืจื•ืฉื• ืœื”ืขืชื™ืง ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื ืขืฉื”,
05:59
sometimes in a funny way.
104
359880
2000
ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฆื—ื™ืงื”.
06:01
Well, once again our six minutes are up. Bye for now.
105
361880
3720
ื˜ื•ื‘, ืฉื•ื‘ ื ื’ืžืจื• ืฉืฉ ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•. ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื.
06:05
Bye bye.
106
365600
1240
ื‘ื™ื™ ื‘ื™ื™.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7