The political power of being a good neighbor | Michael Tubbs

譯者: Yvonne Chen 審譯者: NAN-KUN WU

So I know for sure there's at least one thing I have in common with dentists.

我很確定我和牙醫有一個共通點。

I absolutely hate the holiday of Halloween.

我非常痛恨萬聖節。

Now, this hatred stems not from a dislike of cavities,

這種恨意並不是來自討厭齲齒，

nor was it a lifetime in the making.

也不是花了一生才形成的。

Rather, this hatred stems from a particular incident

這種恨意其實源自於 一個特定的事件，

that happened nine years ago.

發生在九年前。

Nine years ago, I was even younger, I was 20 years old,

九年前，我還年輕，才二十歲，

and I was an intern in the White House.

我在白宮裡實習。

The other White House.

另一個白宮。

And my job was to work with mayors and councilors nationwide.

我要和全國的市長 及議員一起工作。

November 1, 2010 began just like any other day.

2010 年 11 月 1 日， 剛開始是很平凡的一天。

I turned on the computer, went on Google and prepared to write my news clips.

我打開電腦，開始用 Google， 準備寫我的新聞報導。

I was met with a call from my mother, which isn't that out the norm,

我媽打電話給我，這也不奇怪，

my mom likes to text, call, email, Facebook, Instagram, all that.

我媽喜歡傳訊息、打電話、 寫電子郵件、上臉書、用 IG 等等。

So I answered the phone expecting to hear maybe some church gossip,

於是我接起電話， 預期也許會聽到教堂的八卦，

or maybe something from WorldStarHipHop she had discovered.

或是她在 WorldStarHipHop 網站上的新發現。

But when I answered the phone,

但當我接起電話，

I was met with a tone that was unlike anything I had ever heard from my mother.

我從來沒有聽過 我媽用這種語調說話。

My mother's loud.

我媽的聲音很大。

But she spoke in a hush, still, muffled tone

但她用一種沉寂、靜默、 隱約的語調來說話，

that conveyed a sense of sadness.

傳達出一種哀傷感。

And as she whispered, she said, "Michael,

她低聲說：「麥可，

your cousin Donnell was murdered last night,

你的表親唐奈爾昨晚被謀殺了，

on Halloween,

在萬聖節，

at a house party in Stockton."

發生在史托克頓的 一場家中派對上。

And like far too many people in this country,

就如同這個國家中的非常多人，

particularly from communities like mine,

特別是跟我來自類似社區的人，

particularly that look like me,

特別是長得像我這樣的人，

I spent the better part of the year dealing with anger, rage, nihilism,

我花了大半年的時間來處理 憤怒、怒火、無政府主義，

and I had a choice to make.

且我得要做出一個選擇。

The choice was one between action and apathy.

要在行動和漠不關心之間選擇。

The choice was what could I do to put purpose to this pain.

這個選擇，就是我能做什麼， 來讓這種痛苦變得有意義。

I spent a year dealing with feelings of survivor's guilt.

我花了一年的時間 處理倖存者的罪惡感。

What was the point of me being at Stanford,

我讀史丹佛又怎樣，

what was the point of me being at the White House

我在白宮工作又怎樣，

if I was powerless to help my own family?

如果我甚至沒有能力 幫助自己的家人？

And my own family was dying, quite literally.

我自己的家庭在步向 死亡，真的是如此。

I then began to feel a little selfish and say,

我開始變得有一點自私，想說：

what's the point of even trying to make the world a better place?

試著把世界變得更好 到底有什麼意義？

Maybe that's just the way it is.

也許世界本來就是這樣的。

Maybe I would be smart to take advantage of all the opportunities given to me

也許我該放聰明點， 抓住眼前的機會，

and make as much money as possible,

盡可能多賺點錢，

so I'm comfortable, and my immediate family is comfortable.

讓我以及直系親屬過舒服的日子。

But finally, towards the end of that year,

但，最後，在那一年末，

I realized I wanted to do something.

我了解到我想要採取行動。

So I made the crazy decision, as a senior in college,

我在大學四年級時 做了一個瘋狂的決定，

to run for city council.

競選市議會。

That decision was unlikely for a couple of reasons,

那個決定希望渺茫，有幾個理由，

and not just my age.

不只是我太年輕。

You see, my family is far from a political dynasty.

要知道，我的家庭 完全不是政治王朝。

More men in my family have been incarcerated than in college.

我的家庭成員中，被監禁的 人數比上大學的人數還多。

In fact, as I speak today, my father is still incarcerated.

事實上，今天，我在演說時， 我爸就還被監禁著。

My mother, she had me as a teenager,

我媽還是青少女時就懷了我，

and government wasn't something we had warm feelings from.

而政府從來沒有 給我們溫暖的感覺。

You see, it was the government

要知道，正是政府

that red-lined the neighborhoods I grew up in.

把我兒時成長的鄰里給劃分出來。

Full of liquor stores and no grocery stores,

滿是販售酒精的商店， 卻沒有雜貨店，

there was a lack of opportunity and concentrated poverty.

在那裡缺乏機會， 貧窮都集中於此。

It was the government and the politicians

是政府和政治人物

that made choices,

做了選擇，

like the war on drugs and three strikes,

就像對毒品宣戰以及三振出局法，

that have incarcerated far too many people in our country.

在我們的國家中監禁了太多人。

It was the government and political actors

是政府和政治行為者

that made the decisions that created the school funding formulas,

做出的決策，創造了 學校資助的公式，

that made it so the school I went to receive less per pupil spending

造成我就讀的學校能取得的 每位學生平均開銷會低於

than schools in more affluent areas.

富裕地區的學校。

So there was nothing about that background that made it likely for me to choose

那樣的背景沒有任何理由

to be involved in being a government actor.

讓我選擇要去從政。

And at the same time, Stockton was a very unlikely place.

同時，史托克頓也是個 非常沒機會的地方。

Stockton is my home town, a city of 320,000 people.

史托克頓是我的家鄉， 這個城市有 32 萬居民。

But historically, it's been a place people run from, rather than come back to.

但，在歷史上，大家都想要 脫離這裡，而不是回來這裡。

It's a city that's incredibly diverse.

這個城市非常多元。

Thirty-five percent Latino, 35 percent white,

35% 拉丁裔、35% 白人、

20 percent Asian, 10 percent African American,

20% 亞裔、10% 非裔美國人。

the oldest Sikh temple in North America.

還有北美最古老的錫克教寺廟。

But at the time I ran for office,

但，在我競選的時候，

we were also the largest city in the country at that time

我們也是全國宣布破產的城市中

to declare bankruptcy.

最大的一個。

At the time I decided to run for office,

在我決定競選時，

we also had more murders per capita than Chicago.

我們的人均謀殺數目 也比芝加哥高。

At the time I decided to run for office,

在我決定競選時，

we had a 23 percent poverty rate,

我們的貧窮比率是 23%，

a 17 percent college attainment rate

17％ 的大學畢業率，

and a host of challenges and issues beyond the scope of any 21-year-old.

還有一大堆的挑戰和問題， 都不是 21 歲小毛頭可以處理的。

So after I won my election,

所以，在我勝選之後，

I did what I usually do when I feel overwhelmed,

我做了我在感到 無法招架時都會做的事，

I realized the problems of Stockton were far bigger than me

我了解到史托克頓的 問題比我大太多了，

and that I might need a little divine intervention.

我可能會需要一點神聖的干預。

So as I prepared for my first council meeting,

所以，在我準備我的 第一次市議會會議時，

I went back to some wisdom my grandmother taught me.

我返回我祖母教導我的一些智慧。

A parable I think we all know,

這是大家都知道的寓言，

that really constitutes the governing frame we're using

它構成了我們在重塑 現今的史托克頓時

to reinvent Stockton today.

所使用的治理框架。

I remember in Sunday school, my grandmother told me

我記得，在主日學校時， 我祖母告訴我，

that at one time, a guy asked Jesus, "Who was my neighbor?

有一次，有個人問耶穌： 「我的鄰居是誰？

Who was my fellow citizen?

我的居民夥伴是誰？

Who am I responsible for?"

我要為誰負責？」

And instead of a short answer, Jesus replied with a parable.

耶穌沒有給他簡短的答案， 反而說了一個寓言。

He said there was a man on a journey,

他說，有一個人在旅行，

walking down Jericho Road.

走在耶利哥城路上。

As he was walking down the road,

他在路上走著時，

he was beat up, left on the side of the road,

他被打了一頓，丟在路邊，

stripped of all his clothes,

衣服都被剝掉，

had everything stolen from and left to die.

東西都被偷了，被留下來等死。

And then a priest came by, saw the man on the side of the road,

接著，一位神父經過， 看到路邊的這個人，

maybe said a silent prayer,

也許做了一段無聲的禱告，

hopes and prayers, prayers that he gets better.

希望和禱告，祈禱他能恢復。

Maybe saw the man on the side of the road

也許看到路邊的這個人，

and surmised that it was ordained by God

推測這是神的旨意，

for this particular man, this particular group

要讓這個人，這個團體，

to be on the side of the road, there's nothing I can do to change it.

留在路邊，我無法 做什麼來改變這件事。

After the priest walked by, maybe a politician walked by.

神父走過去之後， 也許有個政治人物經過。

A 28-year-old politician, for example.

比如，一名 28 歲的政治人物。

Saw the man on the side of the road and saw how beat up the man was,

看到路邊的這個人， 也看到他被打得多慘，

saw that the man was a victim of violence, or fleeing violence.

看到這個人是暴力的受害者， 或是逃過暴力的受害者。

And the politician decided, "You know what?

政治人物便決定：「你知道嗎，

Instead of welcoming this man in, let's build a wall.

不要讓這個人進來， 咱們來築一座牆。

Maybe the politician said,

也許這個政治人物說：

"Maybe this man chose to be on the side of the road."

「也許這個人選擇要待在路邊。」

That if he just pulled himself up by his bootstraps,

如果他能用拔靴帶把自己 拉起來（靠自己努力），

despite his boots being stolen,

雖然他的靴子被偷了，

and got himself back on the horse,

讓自己爬回到馬背上，

he could be successful, and there's nothing I could do."

可能他辦得到，我無能為力。」

And then finally, my grandmother said, a good Samaritan came by,

接著，終於，我祖母說， 有個善良的撒馬利亞人經過，

saw the man on the side of the road

看到路邊的這個人，

and looked and saw not centuries of hatred

看著他時，並不是看到

between Jews and Samaritans,

猶太人和撒馬利亞人之間 數個世紀的仇恨，

looked and saw not his fears reflected,

並不是看到他的恐懼被反映出來，

not economic anxiety,

不是經濟的焦慮，

not "what's going to happen to me because things are changing."

不是「一切都在改變， 我會發生什麼事？」

But looked and saw a reflection of himself.

而是看到他自己的反映。

He saw his neighbor, he saw his common humanity.

他看到他的鄰居， 他看到他的共同人性。

He didn't just see it, he did something about it,

他不只是看到， 他還為此採取了行動，

my grandmother said.

我祖母說。

He got down on one knee,

他單膝跪下，

he made sure the man was OK,

他確認那個人還好，

and I heard, even gave him a room at that nice Fairmont,

我聽說，甚至還給他 費爾蒙特的一間好房間，

the Pan Pacific one.

環太平洋的那間飯店。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

And as I prepared to govern,

在我準備執政時，

I realized that given the diversity of Stockton,

我了解到，既然史托克頓這麼多元，

the first step to making change will be to again answer the same question:

做出改變的第一步， 也是要回答同樣的問題：

Who is our neighbor?

我們的鄰居是誰？

And realizing that our destiny as a city was tied up in everyone.

以及了解到，我們這個城市的 命運和每個人綁在一起。

Particularly those who are left on the side of the road.

特別是那些被留在路邊的人。

But then I realized that charity isn't justice,

但，接著，我了解到， 慈悲不是正義，

that acts of empathy isn't justice,

出於同理的行為並不是正義，

that being a good neighbor is necessary but not sufficient,

扮演好鄰居是必要的， 但還不足夠，

and there was more that had to be done.

還有更多需要做的事。

So looking at the story,

所以，看著這個故事，

I realized that the road, Jericho Road, has a nickname.

我了解到，這條路， 耶利哥城路，有個暱稱。

It's known as the Bloody Pass, the Ascent of Red,

它就是大家所知的 血腥關卡；上升的紅色，

because the road is structured for violence.

因為這條路是 為了暴力而建構的。

This Jericho Road is narrow, it's conducive for ambushing.

耶利哥城路很狹窄，很適合埋伏。

Meaning, a man on the side of the road wasn't abnormal.

意思是，路邊有一個人並不反常。

Wasn't strange.

並不奇怪。

And in fact, it was something that was structured to happen,

事實上，這就是這個結構的目的，

it was supposed to happen.

這本來就該發生。

And Johan Galtung, a peace theorist,

約翰•加爾通是一位和平理論家，

talks about structural violence in our society.

他談到我們社會中的結構性暴力。

He says, "Structural violence is the avoidable impairment

他說：「結構性暴力 是基本人類需求中

of basic human needs."

可避免的損傷。」

Dr. Paul Farmer talks about structural violence

保羅•法莫爾博士談到結構性暴力，

and talks about how it's the way

也談到怎麼運用它來讓

our institutions, our policies, our culture

我們的制度、政策、文化

creates outcomes that advantage some people and disadvantage others.

創造出有利於某些人， 而不利於其他人的結果。

And then I realized, much like the road in Jericho,

接著，我了解到， 就像耶利哥城的路一樣，

in many ways, Stockton, our society,

在許多層面上， 史托克頓，我們的社會，

has been structured for the outcomes we complain about.

本身的結構就注定會導致 我們所抱怨的結果。

That we should not be surprised

看到貧窮的孩子在學校 表現不佳，我們不應該驚訝，

when we see that kids in poverty don't do well in school,

that we should not be surprised to see wealth gaps by race and ethnicity.

看到種族和人種造成的財富差距， 我們不應該驚訝，

We should not be surprised to see income pay disparities between genders,

看到不同性別的收入不同， 我們不應該驚訝，

because that's what our society, historically, has been structured to do,

因為有史以來，我們的社會結構 就是被設計來造成這些結果的，

and it's working accordingly.

且真的就這麼發生了。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So taking this wisdom,

所以，帶著這智慧，

I rolled up my sleeves and began to work.

我捲起袖子，開始工作。

And there's three quick stories I want to share,

我想要快速跟大家分享三個故事，

that point to not that we figured everything out,

要說明的並不是 我們把一切都想通了，

not that we have arrived,

不是我們已經達成目標，

but we're trending in the right direction.

而是我們正朝著對的方向前進。

The first story, about the neighbor.

第一個和鄰居有關的故事。

When I was a city council member,

我還是市議員的時候，

I was working with one of the most conservative members in our community

我和我們社區中 最保守的一名成員合作

on opening a health clinic for undocumented people

為無正式文件的人 開設一間健康診所，

in the south part of the city, and I loved it.

位在城市的南部， 我很喜歡做這件事。

And as we opened the clinic,

當我們開設了診所時，

we had a resolution to sign,

有一個提案需要簽名，

he presented me a gift.

他給我看了一個禮物。

It was an O'Reilly Factor lifetime membership pin.

是《歐萊利實情》終身會員別針。 （美國有線電視新聞和脫口秀節目）

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Mind you, I didn't ask what he did to get such a gift.

請注意，我沒有問他 做了什麼才拿到那個禮物。

What blood oath -- I had no idea how he got it.

什麼血誓—— 我不知道他怎麼拿到的。

But I looked at him and I said,

但我看著他，說：

"Well, how are we working together to open a health clinic,

「我們怎麼可能合作 開一間健康診所

to provide free health care for undocumented people,

來提供免費健康照護 給沒有正式文件的人，

and you're an O'Reilly Factor member?"

而且你竟同時還是 《歐萊利實情》的會員？

He looked at me and said,

他看著我，說：

"Councilman Tubbs, this is for my neighbors."

「圖布斯議員， 這是給我鄰居的。」

And he's a great example of what it means

他是個很棒的例子，說明

to be a good neighbor, at least in that instance.

身為好鄰居的意義， 至少在那個情況下是如此。

The robbers.

強盜。

So after four years on city council, I decided to run for mayor,

所以，在市議會四年之後， 我決定競選市長，

realizing that being a part-time councilman wasn't enough

因為我了解到，身為 兼職市議員並不足夠

to enact the structural changes we need to see in Stockton,

進行史托克頓 所需要的結構性改變，

and I came to that conclusion by looking at the data.

這個結論是根據資料得來的。

So my old council district, where I grew up,

我舊的行政區，我長大的地方，

is 10 minutes away from a more affluent district.

距離另一個較富裕的地區約十分鐘。

And 10 minutes away in the same city,

相同城市內兩地距離僅十分鐘，

the difference between zip code 95205 and 95219

郵遞區號 95205 和 95219 之間的不同

in life expectancy is 10 years.

是平均壽命相差十年。

Ten minutes away, 4.5 miles,

十分鐘路程，4.5 英里，

10 years life expectancy difference,

平均壽命卻差了十年，

and not because of the choices people are making.

而這並不是因人們的選擇。

Because no one chose to live in an unsafe community

因為沒有人會選擇住在一個不安全、

where they can't exercise.

他們無法出門運動的社區。

No one chose to put more liquor stores than grocery stores in the community.

沒有人決定在社區內 開比超市更多家的酒精飲品店。

No one chose these things, but that's the reality.

沒有人選擇這些，但這就是現實。

身為議員，我發現

I realized, as a councilman,

to enact a structural change I wanted to see,

要在結構上做出我想看到的改變，

where between the same zip codes

在這有著相同郵遞區號的地區裡

there's a 30 percent difference in the rate of unemployment,

有著相差 30% 的失業率，

there's a 75,000 dollars a year difference in income,

有著相差七萬五千美元的年收入，

that being a councilman was not going to cut it.

身為議員並不能縮小這些差距。

So that's when I decided to run for mayor.

因此我決定參選市長。

And as mayor, we've been focused on the robbers and the road.

身為市長，我們長期關注 搶劫案和人們的前途。

So in Stockton, as I mentioned,

如前所述，我們在史托克頓市

we have historically had problems with violent crime.

一直有暴力犯罪的問題。

In fact, that's why I decided to run for office in the first place.

事實上，這就是 我最初決定參選的原因。

And my first job as mayor was helping our community

而我當上市長的第一個任務 就是幫助我們的社區

to see ourselves, our neighbors,

看清自己及鄰居

not just in the people victimized by violence

不只是暴力的受害者，

but also in the perpetrators.

同時也是加害者。

We realized that those who enact pain in our society,

我們發現那些在社會上 造成傷痛的人，

those who are committing homicides and contributing to gun violence,

那些犯下凶殺案和槍枝暴力的人，

are oftentimes victims themselves.

常常自己也是受害者。

They have high rates of trauma, they have been shot at,

他們遭受高度創傷，他們曾受槍傷，

they've known people who have been shot.

他們認識受過槍傷的人。

這並不是他們行為的藉口， 但可以幫助解釋他們的行為，

That doesn't excuse their behavior, but it helps explain it,

and as a community, we have to see these folks as us, too.

而在社區內，我們也必須 將這些人視為我們的一員。

That they too are our neighbors.

他們同樣是我們的鄰居。

So for the past three years --

所以在過去三年，

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So for the past three years, we've been working on two strategies:

所以在過去三年， 我們一直在研究兩種策略：

Ceasefire and Advance Peace,

停火和推進和平，

where we give these guys as much attention, as much love

我們給這些人更多關注、更多來自

from social services, from opportunities, from tattoo removals,

社福機構的愛、更多機會、刺青去除，

in some cases even cash,

在某些情況下甚至是現金，

as a gift from law enforcement.

作為執法的禮物。

And last year, we saw a 40 percent reduction in homicides

去年我們的凶殺案減少了 40%、

and a 30 percent reduction in violent crime.

暴力犯罪減少了 30%。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And now, the road.

現在，人們的前途。

I mentioned that my community has a 23 percent poverty rate.

我已經說過我的社區有 23% 的貧困率。

As someone who comes from poverty, it's a personal issue for me.

身為來自貧困的人，這是個個人問題。

So I decided that we wouldn't just do a program,

因此我決定我們不應 僅是施行一項計畫，

or we wouldn't just do something to go around the edges,

也不會只是做些邊緣的行動，

我們應深入探討

but we would call into question the very structure

最初造成貧窮的結構。

that produces poverty in the first place.

So starting in February, we launched a basic income demonstration,

因此從二月開始， 我們開始一項基本收入的演示，

where for the next 18 months,

在未來 18 個月，

as a pilot, 130 families, randomly selected,

實驗隨機挑選 130 個家庭，

who live in zip codes at or below the median income of the city,

選自市內收入低於中位數的地區，

are given 500 dollars a month.

每個月給他們五百美金。

And we're doing this for a couple of reasons.

我們這樣做有幾個原因。

We're doing it because we realize

這樣做因為我們發現

that something is structurally wrong in America,

美國有一些結構性問題，

when one in two Americans can't afford one 400-dollar emergency.

每兩人中就有一人無法負擔 一筆四百美金的緊急支出。

We're doing it because we realize that something is structurally wrong

這樣做是因為我們 發現結構性的問題，

when wages have only increased six percent between 1979 and 2013.

在 1979 至 2013 年間 工資僅增加 6%。

We're doing it because we realize something is structurally wrong

這樣做是因為我們 發現結構性的問題，

when people working two and three jobs,

有些人打二到三份工，

doing all the jobs no one in here wants to do,

做著這裡的人不想從事的工作，

卻無法負擔必要開銷，

can't pay for necessities, like rent,

例如房租、照明、

like lights, like health care, like childcare.

健保、托兒費用。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So I would say, Stockton again, we have real issues.

所以我必須再次強調 我們史托克頓市有嚴重的問題。

I have constituent emails in my phone now, about the homelessness issue,

我手機裡有來自選民的 email， 關於無家可歸的問題、

about some of the violent crime we're still experiencing.

關於我們仍在經歷的暴力犯罪。

But I would say, I think as a society, we would be wise to go back

但我必須說，我認爲 我們社會回到那些古老的、

to those old Bible stories we were taught growing up,

我們從小學習的聖經故事是明智的。

and understand that number one,

我們應理解，第一，

we have to begin to see each other as neighbors,

我們應該開始將所有人視為鄰居，

看到和我們不一樣的人

that when we see someone different from us,

不應令我們恐懼、

they should not reflect our fears, our anxieties, our insecurities,

焦慮、不安，

the prejudices we've been taught, our biases -- but we should see ourselves.

想起我們被教導的偏見。

我們應該看見自己， 看見我們共有的人性。

We should see our common humanity.

Because I think once we do that,

因為我認為一旦我們這樣做，

we can do the more important work of restructuring the road.

我們就可以做更多 重建人們前途的重要工作。

Because again, I understand some listening are saying,

因為再次強調，我理解一些聽眾會說：

「好，圖布斯市長，

"Well, Mayor Tubbs, you're talking about structural violence and structural this,

你說這些結構性暴力和結構性問題。

but you're on the stage.

但你能在站舞臺上，

That the structures can't be too bad if you could come up from poverty,

那結構就不至於太糟糕，

畢竟你在父親入獄的情況下，

have a father in jail, go to Stanford,

能擺脫貧困，上史丹佛，

work in the White House and become mayor."

在白宮工作並成為市長。

And I would respond by saying the term for that is exceptionalism.

我的回答是，這叫「例外」。

Meaning that we recognize it's exceptional for people to escape the structures.

就是說：人們逃離這種結構是例外。

Meaning by our very language,

換句話說，

we understand that the things we're seeing in our world are by design.

我們知道舉目所見的世界 是有意設計出來的。

And I think that task for us, as TEDsters,

我認為我們 TED 人有個任務——

and as good people, just people, moral people,

還有那些好人、正直的人， 有道德的人——

is really do the hard work necessary of not just joining hands as neighbors,

不僅僅是與鄰居攜手努力合作，

but using our hands to restructure our road,

而是要努力用雙手重建我們的道路。

a road that in this country has been rooted in things like white supremacy.

過去我國這條路 根植於白人至上主義，

A road like in this country has been rooted in things like misogyny.

也根植於厭惡女性，

A road that's not working for far too many people.

這條路不適合很多人。

And I think today, tomorrow and 2020 we have a chance to change that.

我認為今天、明天和 2020 年， 我們有機會去改變它。

So as I prepare to close,

所以在我準備結束的時候，

I started with a story from nine years ago and I'll end with one.

我從一個九年前的故事開始， 並將以一個故事結束。

So after my cousin was murdered,

在堂兄被謀殺後，

I was lucky enough to go on the Freedom Rides

我很幸運能和一些 最初的民權活動家們

with some of the original freedom riders.

一起參加自由之旅。

And they taught me a lot about restructuring the road.

他們教我很多重建道路的事情。

And one guy in particular, Bob Singleton, asked me a question

尤其是其中的鮑勃•辛格爾頓這個人

問我一個我今天要留給大家的問題。

I'm going to leave with us today.

We were going to Anniston, Alabama, and he said, "Michael,"

在去阿拉巴馬州安尼斯頓的路上，

他說：「麥可，」

and I said, "Yes, sir."

我回答：「先生，怎麼了？ 」

He said, "I was arrested on August 4, 1961.

他說：「我在 1961 年 8月 4 日被捕。

Now why is that day important?"

為什麼這一天很重要？ 」

And I said, "Well, you were arrested,

我回答：「你被捕了；

if you weren't arrested, we wouldn't be on this bus.

如果你沒被捕，我們不會在這輛車上；

if we weren't on this bus, we wouldn't have the rights we enjoy."

如果我們不在這車上， 我們不會享有我們的權利。 」

他翻了翻白眼，說： 「孩子，不是的。 」

He rolled his eyes and said, "No, son."

He said, "On that day, Barack Obama was born."

他說道：「歐巴馬在那天出生了。 」

And then he said he had no idea that the choice he made

接著他說，沒想到他

to restructure the road

重建道路的選擇

would pave the way,

會鋪平道路，

so a child born as a second class citizen,

使得一個出生時就是二等公民的人，

who wouldn't be able to even get a cup of water at a counter,

在櫃檯上連一杯水都拿不到的人，

would have the chance, 50 years later, to be president.

會有機會在 50 年後成為總統。

Then he looked at me and he said,

然後他看著我問：

"What are you prepared to do today

「你今天要去做什麼，

so that 50 years from now

好讓剛出生的孩子 50 年後有機會成為總統呢？ 」

a child born has a chance to be president?"

And I think, TED, that's the question before us today.

TED 人，我想這是今天 擺在我們面前的問題。

We know things are jacked up.

我知道諸事紛雜如亂麻。

I think what we've seen recently isn't abnormal

我認為我們看到的近況並不奇怪，

but a reflection of a system that's been structured

這樣的體制註定會導致 這樣糟糕的結果。

to produce such crazy outcomes.

But I think it's also an opportunity.

但我認為這也是一個機遇。

Because these structures we inherit aren't acts of God

因為我們繼承的這個結構 不是上帝的旨意，

but acts of men and women, they're policy choices,

而是男男女女的選擇，

they're by politicians like me, approved by voters like you.

像你們這樣的選民， 投給了像我這樣的政客。

And we have the chance and the awesome opportunity

我們有機會和絕好的機遇

to do something about it.

去做點事情。

So my question is: What are we prepared to do today,

所以我的問題是：

我們今天打算做什麼

so that a child born today, 50 years from now

好讓今天出生的孩子

50 年後不再置身於 根深蒂固白人至上的社會，

isn't born in a society rooted in white supremacy;

isn't born into a society riddled with misogyny;

不再置身於重男輕女的社會，

isn't born into a society riddled with homophobia and transphobia

不再置身於充斥著恐同、恐跨性別、

and anti-Semitism and Islamophobia and ableism,

反猶太主義、恐伊斯蘭和殘疾歧視

and all the phobias and -isms?

以及各種恐懼和主義的社會？

What are we prepared to do today,

我們今天打算要做什麼

so that 50 years from now

好讓 50 年後，

we have a road in our society that's structured

我們的社會道路可以顯現那些

to reflect what we hold to be self-evident?

我們認為是不言而喻的東西？

That all men, that all women,

那就是所有的男人、女人，

that even all trans people

甚至所有跨性別的人，

are created equal

生來平等，

and are endowed by your Creator with certain unalienable rights,

被造物者賦予不可剝奪的權利，

including life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

包括生命、自由和追求幸福的權利？

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（鼓掌）