The Outlaws of the Ocean — and How We're Reeling Them In | Tony Long | TED

翻译人员: Skylar Cy 校对人员: sylvia feng

I joined the British Royal Navy at the tender age of 17

我在十七岁的小小年纪 加入了英国皇家海军，

and in three decades of service, lived in worked in every ocean.

在工作的三十年间到过每一片海洋。

I witnessed firsthand the hidden world of the high seas,

我亲身见证了公海上隐藏的世界，

sometimes the only vessel for hundreds of miles.

有时我的船是几百英里内唯一的船，

And other times I'd wake up surrounded in a fishing fleet

有时我一醒来便发现 自己被渔船队包围，

that, despite having powerful technology at my fingertips,

尽管我手边有强大的技术设备，

I didn’t really know who they were or what they’d been doing.

但我仍不知道他们是谁，在干什么。

It is a Wild West out there, and rogue fishers ...

那里就像西部荒漠，

rogue fishes are extracting --

非法捕鱼者从海洋里猎取 --

well, they’re disobeying the laws that we put in place

这么说吧，他们在违反法律，

to protect our ocean and its resources.

这些法律是我们为了保护海洋 和其资源而制定的。

And they're pillaging colossal amounts of fish.

他们劫掠大量的鱼，

Seafood,

海鲜，

one fifth of seafood is thought to be caught illegally or is simply unreported.

大概五分之一的海鲜 都是非法捕捞或未被报告的。

And that's a crime worth up to 23.5 billion dollars.

这是一桩涉嫌金额 高达235亿美元的犯罪。

And it's a crime that skews the science,

这桩罪行是反科学的，

so it affects the sustainability of our fisheries,

因为它影响渔场 的可持续发展性，

it threatens the health of our ocean

它威胁海洋的健康，

and the well-being of millions of people,

并损害了数百万人的福祉，

mainly in poorer countries.

对于贫困国家尤其如此。

And it's not just pirate fishing

而且不仅是非法捕鱼

that's threatening the future of our ocean.

在威胁我们海洋的未来。

Out at sea, oil spills are going undetected

在海上，石油泄露没有被发现，

and therefore unpunished.

所以也没有被惩罚。

There’s a massive, unmonitored growth in shipping,

航运，油气勘探，水产养殖这些行业

oil and gas exploration and aquaculture, to mention just a few.

都在经历大规模的， 不受监控的增长。

And this is piling pressure on an ocean that's already stressed by climate change.

这对于已经承受气候变化 的海洋造成更大的压力。

The straightforward fact is,

直截了当的事实是，

if you can't see it, you can't manage it.

如果你看不到一件事， 你就无法管理它。

And I know from experience, you can't monitor the whole ocean

我从经验中知道， 你无法从船的甲板上

from the decks of ships.

监控整个海洋。

But you can from space.

但你可以从太空监控。

And these are interesting times

我们活在一个有趣的时代，

because seemingly intractable problems are starting to yield

因为貌似棘手的问题正在逐渐屈服于

to the power of technology, AI, and global interconnectedness.

科技，人工智能，和全球联络系统。

Up there right now, there's thousands of satellites,

现在太空里有上千个卫星，

beaming back an enormous amount of data from the remotest parts of our ocean.

从海洋最偏远的地方传回大量数据。

What if we could harness that data,

如果我们可以利用这些数据，

make it useful and available to people who care about the ocean?

让关心海洋的人们使用 这些数据，会怎样？

Well, thanks to rapid advances in technology and AI, we can do that.

多亏了快速进步技术 和人工智能，我们可以做到。

Using GPS location data and machine learning,

使用 GPS 位置数据和机器学习，

Global Fishing Watch built the first-ever live stream map

Global Fishing Watch 建了有史以来第一张实时地图

to monitor the industrial fishing fleet.

用来监测工业捕鱼船队。

At the moment, we see some 70,000 vessels.

此刻，我们可以看到大约7万艘船。

We've made this information public and freely available to the world.

我们已经公开了这些信息， 将他们免费提供给世界。

But technology moves on.

但科技在进步。

Thank you.

谢谢

(Applause)

(鼓掌)

Technology moves on rapidly.

科技在迅速发展。

There's new and emerging technology that we need to embrace

我们需要拥抱新兴技术

in order to give this picture to everybody who needs it.

才能将这张照片 给到所有需要它的人。

Like when we were working with our partners in Japan and South Korea,

就像我们与日本和韩国 的合作伙伴合作时，

they told us there was illegal fishing suspected in North Korean waters

他们告诉我们， 朝鲜水域涉嫌非法捕鱼，

in contravention of the UN sanctions there.

违反了联合国对那里的制裁。

But when we first took a look on our map,

但是当我们第一次看地图时，

we could see very little fishing

我们看不到什么捕鱼活动，

because those vessels were not sharing their GPS location data,

因为那些船只没有共享他们 的GPS位置数据，

as they should.

虽然他们应该这么做。

We call them “dark vessels.”

我们称它们为“暗船只“。

And generally, dark vessels are up to no good.

一般情况下来说， 暗船只不会干什么好事。

So we had to turn to other sources of data.

所以我们不得不转到其他数据源。

We looked at satellite-based radar and optical imagery,

我们通过基于卫星 的雷达和光学图像，

and we lit that region up.

将那片海域点亮。

We revealed an armada of almost 1,000 vessels.

我们发现了一支包 括近 1000 艘船的舰队。

It's one of the largest cases of illegal fishing ever seen.

这是有史以来最大 的非法捕鱼事件之一。

But there's huge human impact too.

但那对人类也有巨大的冲击。

Tragedy.

悲剧。

Because they're smaller,

因为这些朝鲜船只更小，

more rickety North Korean boats could not compete with that vast fleet.

它们更摇摇晃晃， 无法和巨大的舰队竞争。

They were pushed further and further out to sea, and as a result,

它们被越推越远，最终

hundreds of them would be capsized to be washed ashore in Japan

数百艘船将被倾覆，在日本冲上岸

with the crew either starving or dead.

船员要么挨饿，要么死亡。

We made our findings public and as a result,

我们公开了我们的发现，

we compelled the authorities to take action.

迫使当局政府采取行动。

Illegal fishing in that region has dropped by 75 percent,

该地区的非法捕鱼活动 已减少了75%，

and we're not seeing hundreds of vessels now washing ashore in Japan.

我们没有看到数百艘船 在日本冲上岸。

(Applause)

(鼓掌)

The good news is that the techniques we used

好消息是，我们用来

to illuminate what was happening in North Korea,

点亮朝鲜海域的科技，

we can use anywhere and everywhere

可以在任何地方使用，

to make the invisible visible.

使不可见的成为可见的。

Today, any of you can click on the internet

今天，你们中的任何人都可以上网

to explore roads and buildings on land.

探索陆地上的道路和建筑物。

Why can't we do the same for the ocean?

为什么我们不能为海洋做同样的事？

We need to create a dynamic, complete map

我们需要创建一个 动态的，完整的地图

of all industrial activity out at sea

包括海上所有工业活动的地图，

and make it available to everybody for free.

将其免费提供给所有人。

Well, thanks to the Audacious community,

多亏了 Audacious community，

we're going to do that using GPS location data

我们将使用 GPS 位置数据

and millions of gigabytes of satellite imagery,

和数百万兆字节 的卫星图像来做到这一点。

we’ll use AI to map and monitor more than a million oceangoing vessels.

我们将使用人工智能

来映射和监控超过 一百万艘远洋船只。

We will monitor the entire industrial fishing fleet

我们将监控整个工业捕鱼船队

and those dark vessels.

以及那些暗船只。

We'll add in hundreds of thousands of cargo vessels,

我们将添加成千上万的货船，

tens of thousands of oil and gas structures,

上万的石油和天然气结构，

aquaculture farms and wind farms.

水产养殖场和风电场。

With this public information,

有了这些公共信息，

conservationists will have the information they need

自然资源保护者就会拥有

to protect critical habitats.

他们保护重要栖息地所需的信息。

Like National Geographic Pristine Seas.

就像国家地理 的 Pristine Seas 团队一样。

They're using our data to help work with governments and communities

他们正在使用我们 的数据来帮助政府和社区

to protect critical habitats in seven marine parks

保护七个海洋公园里的重要栖息地

with a combined area of more than twice that of California.

这些公园的总面积超过加州的两倍。

And we're going to give researchers the data they need

我们将为研究人员提供

to advance ocean science.

推进海洋科学所需的数据。

And we’re going to give the media, campaigners

我们将为媒体，活动家，和公众提供

and the public powerful knowledge about human activity out at sea.

关于海上人类活动的强大知识。

And this comes just in time

这来得正是时候，

because after two decades of talking,

因为在二十年的纸上空谈后，

we finally have a treaty to manage the conservation of ocean life

我们终于有了一项条约， 来管理海洋生物保护

and the establishment of marine protected areas out on our ocean.

和海洋保护区的建立。

(Applause)

(鼓掌)

And this is going to be critical because

这至关重要，因为

almost 200 countries have committed to protecting 30 percent of the ocean

近 200 个国家承诺， 他们会保护 30% 的海洋

by 2030.

到 2030 年。

And they will need tools like this to uphold that promise.

他们将需要这样 的工具来兑现这一承诺。

We can develop the tools that governments need

我们可以研发政府们为了坚守承诺

to uphold their commitments.

而需要的工具。

We can inspire a new wave of ocean management

我们可以激发新一轮 的海洋管理浪潮，

through public data

通过公共数据，

and open technology.

和开放的科技。

Now, I might have salt in my veins,

我可能对海洋了如指掌，

but you don't need to have sailed the seven seas

而你不必航行过七大洋

to care about the future of the ocean.

就能关心海洋的未来。

All life on Earth depends on it.

地球上的所有生命都依赖于海。

It's providing the oxygen we breathe,

它提供着我们呼吸的氧气，

it’s regulating our climate,

它调节着我们的气候，

and it's providing the food that billions of people rely on.

它提供着数十亿人赖以生存的食物。

But ocean resources are not inexhaustible, we’ve got to protect them.

但海洋资源并非取之不尽用之不竭， 我们必须保护它们。

We have the chance to do that today like never before.

我们今天有机会， 以前所未有的方式做到这一点。

We can give a free, open-access monitoring system for the entire ocean.

我们可以提供一个免费的， 开放的，全海域的监控系统。

Together we can reign in this outlaw ocean.

我们可以一起统治这片法外之海

We can end pirate fishing.

我们可以结束非法捕鱼，

And we can transform ocean management for the common good of all.

我们可以为了人类 的共同利益改变海洋管理。

Thank you.

谢谢。

(Applause)

(鼓掌)