The Tragedy of Air Pollution -- and an Urgent Demand for Clean Air | Rosamund Adoo-Kissi-Debrah |TED

Prevodilac: Ivana Krivokuca Lektor: Milenka Okuka

I’d like to dedicate this talk to my three children:

Posvetila bih ovaj govor svojoj troje dece:

Phi, Mack

Fi, Maku

and Ella Roberta.

i Eli Roberti.

(Inhales)

(Udiše)

If I stop breathing for two minutes,

Kada bih prestala da dišem na dva minuta,

I would die.

umrla bih.

It is the simplest thing that all of us do unconsciously

To je najjednostavnija stvar koju svi mi nesvesno radimo

about 20,000 times a day.

nekih 20 000 puta dnevno.

So normal

Toliko je normalna

that we forget that breathing is the essence of life.

da zaboravljamo da je disanje suštinski deo života.

My daughter, Ella Roberta,

Moja ćerka Ela Roberta

stopped breathing frequently

često je prestajala da diše

and was resuscitated numerous times by me at home

i više puta sam je kod kuće reanimirala,

and in hospital by her doctors,

a takođe su i doktori u bolnici,

until suddenly, on the 15th of February,

sve dok najzad, 15. februara,

three weeks after her ninth birthday,

tri nedelje nakon devetog rođendana,

she took her final breath.

nije udahnula poslednji put.

Ella was a healthy, clever, sporty and funny girl.

Ela je bila zdrava, pametna, aktivna i zabavna devojka.

She had a lot of musical ability.

Bila je prilično nadarena za muziku.

At the time of her passing,

Do trenutka svoje smrti,

she already played a dozen instruments.

već je znala da svira desetak instrumenata.

She was exceptionally good at football,

Bila je izuzetno dobra u fudbalu,

cycling, skating, swimming and dancing.

biciklizmu, klizanju, plivanju i plesu.

Ella was a great writer,

Ela je sjajno pisala,

and she was also pretty good at art.

a prilično dobro joj je išlo i slikanje.

At the time of her passing,

U periodu pre svoje smrti,

she had a reading age of 15 years.

čitala je na nivou uzrasta od 15 godina.

When she was six,

Kada je imala šest godina,

the simple act of breathing became the biggest challenge of her life.

jednostavan čin disanja postao je najveći izazov u njenom životu.

I rushed Ella to hospital 28 times in 28 months

Jurila sam sa Elom u bolnicu 28 puta za 28 meseci

when she suddenly began suffering severe respiratory issues.

kada je iznenada počela da pati od ozbiljnih respiratornih problema.

She was diagnosed with life-threatening asthma

Dijagnostikovana joj je astma opasna po život

at the age of seven.

u uzrastu od sedam godina.

She was admitted into intensive care five times

Pet puta su je primali na intenzivnu negu

and put in an induced coma to save her life

i stavljali u indukovanu komu kako bi joj spasili život

when her lungs gave up on her.

kada su je pluća izdala.

It wasn't until after the first coroner's inquest

Tek nakon prve istrage mrtvozornika

in September 2014

u septembru 2014.

that I learned that her possible trigger of her sudden illness

sam saznala da je mogući uzrok njene iznenadne bolesti

was to do with "something in the air."

imao veze sa „nečim u vazduhu”.

But at that time, we did not know what it was.

Ali tada nismo znali šta je to.

Ella had one of the worst cases ever of asthma

Ela je imala jedan od najtežih slučajeva astme

recorded in the United Kingdom,

ikada zabeleženih u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu,

according to the pathologist who carried out her postmortem.

prema patologu koji je izvršio njenu obdukciju.

We as a family, we live 25 meters from the South Circular

Mi kao porodica živimo 25 metara od Južne kružnice

in southeast London.

u jugoistočnom Londonu.

It is one of the busiest roads in the UK.

To je jedan od najprometnijih puteva u UK.

I later learned that air pollution around our home

Kasnije sam saznala da je zagađenost vazduha oko naše kuće

was persistently far above the levels deemed acceptable by the WHO.

stalno bila znatno iznad nivoa koje je SZO smatrala prihvatljivim.

On every walk to school, every bike ride,

Pri svakoj šetnji do škole, svakoj vožnji biciklom,

every time Ella went outside,

svaki put kada bi Ela izašla napolje,

her body was absorbing invisible, toxic air

njeno telo je upijalo nevidljiv, otrovni vazduh

spewed out by petrol and diesel vehicles.

koji su izbacivala vozila na benzin i dizel.

A second inquest into Ella’s death, just in December 2020,

Pri drugom ispitivanju Eline smrti u decembru 2020. godine,

the coroner, Philip Barlow,

mrtvozornik Filip Barlou

he concluded that it was the excessive illegal levels of air pollution,

zaključio je da prekomerno nedozvoljeno zagađenje vazduha

not only inducted her asthma,

ne samo da je prouzrokovalo astmu kod nje,

but it was the highest ever on the night she died.

već je bilo na najvišem nivou te noći kada je ona umrla.

As a result of this,

Kao rezultat toga,

Ella is the first person in the world

Ela je postala prva osoba na svetu

to have air pollution listed as a cause of death

kod koje je zagađenost vazduha navedena kao uzrok smrti

on her death certificate.

na umrlici.

Ella's story is unique, I admit,

Elina priča je jedinstvena, priznajem,

but her experience is shockingly ordinary.

ali njeno iskustvo je šokantno uobičajeno.

In too many countries around the world,

U prevelikom broju zemalja širom sveta,

air pollution exceeds

zagađenje vazduha premašuje

what the WHO tells us is acceptable to breathe.

nivo za koji SZO kaže da je prihvatljiv za disanje.

Fossil fuels, everyone, they're killing us.

Ljudi, fosilna goriva nas ubijaju.

Almost one in five premature deaths

Skoro jedna od pet preranih smrti

are linked to air pollution

dovodi se u vezu sa zagađenošću vazduha

from combustion engines, coal power plants,

iz motora sa unutrašnjim sagorevanjem, termoelektrana na ugalj,

wood burning, ammonia, cooking stoves

od sagorevanja drva, amonijaka, peći za kuvanje

and other fossil fuels.

i drugih fosilnih goriva.

That is 8.7 million people a year dying from heart attacks, cancer, strokes,

To je 8,7 miliona ljudi koji svake godine umru od infarkta, raka, moždanog udara,

dementia, suicide, depression, stillbirths and miscarriages.

demencije, samoubistva, depresije, mrtvorođenosti ili pobačaja.

And that's just the start.

A to je samo početak.

Children are the worst affected due to their lungs still developing.

Deca su najteže pogođena jer se njihova pluća još uvek razvijaju.

Air pollution stunts the development of lungs and brains.

Zagađenje vazduha usporava razvoj pluća i mozga.

Scientists, believe it, are finding soot in mothers placentas,

Naučnici, verujte, pronalaze čađ u posteljici majki,

meaning unborn babies are directly exposed to the black carbon

što znači da su nerođene bebe direktno izložene crnom ugljeniku

produced by motor traffic and fuel burning.

koji se proizvodi u saobraćaju i sagorevanjem goriva.

Like Ella, 93 percent of children around the world

Poput Ele, 93 odsto dece širom sveta

are breathing unsafe air.

udiše vazduh koji nije bezbedan.

The real tragedy of this is we know how to solve this public health crisis.

Prava tragedija je to što znamo kako da rešimo ovu krizu javnog zdravlja.

We need to shift from toxic fossil fuels

Moramo da pređemo sa toksičnih fosilnih goriva

to clean, electrified public and active transport.

na čist, elektrificiran javni i aktivni transport.

The second inquest into Ella’s death made it abundantly clear:

Druga istraga Eline smrti sasvim je jasno pokazala:

Ella would still be here alive today

Ela bi danas još bila živa

if air pollution around our home

da je zagađenje vazduha oko našeg doma

had been within the WHO acceptable limits.

bilo u granicama koje SZO smatra prihvatljivim.

Air pollution is an invisible global pandemic.

Zagađenje vazduha je nevidljiva globalna pandemija.

It's a silent killer.

Tihi je ubica.

You know what, unless you clean up the air,

Znate, ako se ne pročisti vazduh,

you will never resolve climate change.

problem klimatskih promena se nikad neće razrešiti.

Do you know why?

Znate li zašto?

It's linked to global warming,

Povezano je sa globalnim zagrevanjem,

acid rain,

kiselom kišom,

effects on wildlife,

uticajima na divlje životinje,

depletion of the ozone layer.

oštećenjem ozonskog omotača.

But for me, this is personal.

Ali za mene, ovo je lična stvar.

Eight years after Ella's death,

Osam godina nakon Eline smrti,

I still visit respiratory doctors with Ella’s siblings,

i dalje odvodim njenog brata i sestru kod lekara za respiratorne bolesti

who continue to be impacted by excessive air pollution.

jer su oni i dalje pod uticajem prekomernog zagađenja vazduha.

As my children and I share a genetic link,

Pošto moja deca i ja delimo genetsku vezu,

we are equally susceptible to air pollution.

podjednako smo osetljivi na zagađenost vazduha.

The WHO recently strengthened its guidelines,

SZO je nedavno pojačala svoje smernice,

and the evidence shows us there is no such thing as safe levels.

a dokazi ukazuju da ne postoje bezbedni nivoi.

Every country in the world

Svaka zemlja na svetu

must enshrine these new WHO guidelines into law now.

mora da ovog momenta ugradi te nove smernice SZO u zakon.

I'm putting them on notice.

Stavljam im to na znanje.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

What do I want?

Šta hoću?

I'll tell you what I want.

Reći ću vam šta hoću.

I want every government to guarantee their children

Hoću da svaka vlada garantuje svojoj deci

the chance to live full and healthy lives.

priliku da žive ispunjenim i zdravim životom.

To be able to fully and safely breathe.

Da mogu da bezbedno dišu punim plućima.

Breathing clean air is every child's human right.

Udisanje čistog vazduha je ljudsko pravo svakog deteta.

Governments have a duty of care to protect their citizens.

Vlade su dužne da zaštite svoje građane.

Remember, 350 million people in the world have asthma,

Upamtite, 350 miliona ljudi na svetu ima astmu,

including me.

uključujući mene.

(Breathing through inhaler)

(Disanje kroz inhalator)

The fight to breathe clean air is real.

Borba za udisanje čistog vazduha je stvarna.

When I say "Breathe life,"

Kada kažem: „Udahnite život”,

what do you say?

šta vi kažete?

You say, "Clean air is our right!"

Recite: „Čist vazduh je naše pravo!”

Breathe life!

Udahnite život!

Audience: Clean air is our right!

Publika: Čist vazduh je naše pravo.

RAKD: Thank you for listening.

RAKD: Hvala što ste me slušali.

Thank you very much.

Mnogo vam hvala.

(Applause and cheers)

(Aplauz i klicanje)

[Take action on climate change at countdown.ted.com]

[Aktivirajte se u vezi sa klimatskim promenama na countdown.ted.com]