A path to security for the world's deadliest countries | Rachel Kleinfeld

67,250 views

2020-02-04 ใƒป TED


New videos

A path to security for the world's deadliest countries | Rachel Kleinfeld

67,250 views ใƒป 2020-02-04

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hyemin Jang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
Picture your dream vacation.
0
13285
1905
์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
00:16
Maybe you're dying to go to Rio for Carnival.
1
16277
3453
์นด๋‹ˆ๋ฐœ ์ถ•์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ๋ฆฌ์šฐ์— ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
00:19
Or you really just want to hang out on a Mexican beach.
2
19754
2785
๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ํ•ด๋ณ€์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Or maybe you're going to join me in New Orleans for Jazz Fest.
3
23481
3166
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์ฆˆ ์žฌ์ฆˆ ์ถ•์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:28
Now, I know it's less pleasant,
4
28107
2101
์œ ์พŒํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
00:31
but picture, for a moment,
5
31061
1550
์ž ์‹œ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋ณด์„ธ์š”,
00:32
one of the most violent places on earth.
6
32635
2385
์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:37
Did anyone think of the same place?
7
37530
2207
๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ๋ถ„ ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
00:41
Brazil is the most violent country in the world today.
8
41070
2652
๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
More people have been dying there over the last three years
9
43746
3029
์ง€๋‚œ 3๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:46
than in Syria.
10
46799
1397
๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
And in Mexico, more people have died over the last 15 years
11
48220
4096
๋˜, ์ง€๋‚œ 15๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์—์„œ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋งํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:52
than in Iraq or Afghanistan.
12
52340
2228
์ด๋ผํฌ๋‚˜ ์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
In New Orleans, more people per capita are dying
13
55256
4547
๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์ฆˆ๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋น„ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
than in war-torn Somalia.
14
59827
1834
์ „์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผํ ํ•ด์ง„ ์†Œ๋ง๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:02
The fact is, war only results
15
62982
3211
์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ „์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฃฝ์Œ์€
01:06
in about 18 percent of violent deaths worldwide.
16
66217
3944
์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 18%์— ๊ทธ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Today, you are more likely to die violently
17
70765
2802
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๋ณ€์‚ฌ์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:13
if you live in a middle-income democracy
18
73591
3086
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€
01:16
with high levels of income inequality
19
76701
2366
์ฆ‰, ์†Œ๋“ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์ด ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ด๊ณ 
01:19
and serious political polarization.
20
79091
2718
์ •์น˜์  ์–‘๊ทนํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:23
The United States has four of the 50 most violent cities on earth.
21
83109
4291
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ 50๊ฐœ ๋„์‹œ ์ค‘ 4๊ฐœ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Now, this is a fundamental alteration in the nature of violence, historically.
22
88874
4900
์ด๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
But it's also an opportunity.
23
93798
2025
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:35
Because while few people can do much to end war,
24
95847
3632
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ „์Ÿ์„ ์—†์•จ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
01:39
violence in our democracies is our problem.
25
99503
3500
๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์†์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
And while regular voters are a big part of that problem,
26
103809
3536
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„,
01:47
we're also key to the solution.
27
107369
2060
ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์„œ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
Now, I work at a think tank,
28
110263
1342
ํ˜„์žฌ ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ์„ค ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,
29
111629
2214
์นด๋„ค๊ธฐ ๊ตญ์ œ ํ‰ํ™” ์žฌ๋‹จ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
01:53
where I advise governments on what to do about violence,
30
113867
2667
ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ ์กฐ์–ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
but the dirty secret is,
31
116558
1837
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„
01:58
most policymakers haven't figured out these changes to violence today.
32
118419
4135
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ •์ฑ… ์ž…์•ˆ์ž๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๋‹ค ํ•  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
They still believe that the worst violence happens in countries at war
33
122578
4191
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ง๋„, ์ตœ์•…์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ์ „์Ÿ์ด๋‚˜
02:06
or places that are too poor, too weak,
34
126793
2635
๋˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋นˆ๊ณคํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตญ๋ ฅ์ด ์•ฝํ•ด์„œ
02:09
to fight violence and control crime.
35
129452
2471
ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
And that had been my assumption too.
36
131947
2299
์ €๋„ ํ•œ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
But if you look at a map of the most violent places on earth,
37
134270
3485
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
02:17
you see something strange.
38
137779
2624
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
Some of them are at war,
39
140427
2386
์–ด๋–ค ๊ณณ์€ ์ „์Ÿ์ค‘์ด๊ณ ,
02:22
and a few are truly failed states.
40
142837
2828
๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์€ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ๋นˆ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
The violence in these places is horrific,
41
145689
1985
์ด ๊ณณ๋“ค์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋”์ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
but they happen to have small populations,
42
147698
2296
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด์ฉŒ๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ณณ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ ์—ˆ๊ธฐ์—,
02:30
so it actually affects few people.
43
150018
2132
์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
Then there's South Africa, Brazil, Venezuela.
44
152174
3039
๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ, ๋ฒ ๋„ค์ˆ˜์—˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ค๊นŒ์š”.
02:35
These places are not poor.
45
155237
1705
์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋นˆ๊ณคํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
Maybe they're weak.
46
157674
1582
๊ตญ๋ ฅ์€ ์•ฝํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
My research assistant and I mapped places
47
159678
2421
์–ด์‹œ์Šคํ„ดํŠธ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
based on how well they delivered on World Bank projects
48
162123
2936
์„ธ๊ณ„ ์€ํ–‰ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์™€,
02:45
and whether they could get public services to their people,
49
165083
3149
๊ตญ๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ณต์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ์š”.
02:48
and if you did well on both of those,
50
168256
2096
๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์กฑํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
02:50
if you could get sanitation and electricity to your people
51
170376
3713
์œ„์ƒ์ด ์ž˜ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ , ์ „๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:54
and deliver vaccines,
52
174113
1373
๋ฐฑ์‹ ์€ ์ž˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
02:55
you were in the upper right-hand quadrant.
53
175510
2195
์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ ์ƒ๋‹จ์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
And then we overlaid that
54
177729
1699
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€๋„ ์œ„์— ๋ง์ž…ํ˜€ ๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
02:59
with a map of places where journalists were being murdered.
55
179452
2888
์ €๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ดํ•ด๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ์ง€๋„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
Some were happening in weak states,
56
182933
1818
์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ ฅ์ด ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜€์ง€๋งŒ,
03:04
but an awful lot of journalists were being killed
57
184775
2507
์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„, ๋งŽ์€ ์ €๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋“ค์€
03:07
in places plenty capable of protecting them.
58
187306
2603
์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‚ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
I traveled to every settled continent on earth,
59
190834
2848
์ €๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋น„๊ต์  ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ณณ๋“ค์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๋Œ์•„ ๋ณด์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:13
comparing places that had faced massive violence and recovered
60
193706
4040
๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ ๋„ ํšŒ๋ณต๋œ ๊ณณ๋“ค๊ณผ
03:17
and those that hadn't,
61
197770
1302
ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ณณ๋“ค์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
03:19
and I kept seeing the same pattern.
62
199096
2273
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ๊ฐ™์€ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
I came to call it "privilege violence,"
63
201393
2288
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ €๋Š” "ํŠน๊ถŒ ํญ๋ ฅ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
because it happened in highly unequal democracies,
64
203705
3957
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
where a small group of people
65
207686
1446
์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ง‘๋‹จ์ด
03:29
wanted to hold on to inordinate power and privilege.
66
209156
3737
์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ํŠน๊ถŒ์„ ๊ณ„์† ์ฅ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
And if they didn't think they could get those policies past the voters,
67
212917
3628
ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๋†“์€ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉด,
03:36
sometimes they would turn to violent groups for help.
68
216569
3224
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ์ง‘๋‹จ ํญ๋ ฅ๋ฐฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
Drug cartels would finance their campaigns.
69
220225
3047
๋งˆ์•ฝ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ์กฐ์ง์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์šด๋™์— ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ๋Œ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
03:43
Organized criminals would help them get out the vote.
70
223296
2683
์กฐ์งํ™”๋œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์ด ์„ ๊ฑฐ์œ ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋„์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
Gangs would suppress the vote.
71
226003
1430
๋ฒ”์ฃ„์กฐ์ง์€ ํŠน์ • ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•๊ถŒํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
And in exchange, they'd be given free reign,
72
227457
2967
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋Œ“๊ฐ€๋กœ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์œจ ์žฌ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ—ˆ๋ฝ๋ฐ›๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:50
and violence would grow.
73
230448
1539
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋”์šฑ ํ™œ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
Take Venezuela.
74
232712
1775
๋ฒ ๋„ค์ˆ˜์—˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:54
It's the most violent country in the world today,
75
234511
2374
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
if you look at deaths per capita.
76
236909
1706
์ธ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜ ๋Œ€๋น„ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด์š”.
03:58
Twenty years ago, the current regime gained power in legitimate elections,
77
238921
3930
20๋…„ ์ „, ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ˜„ ์ •๊ถŒ์ด ์ง‘๊ถŒํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
but they didn't want to risk losing it,
78
242875
2802
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ,
04:05
and so they turned to gangs, called "colectivos," for help.
79
245701
3396
๋ฒ”์ฃ„์กฐ์ง์—๊ฒŒ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€์ž๋ฉฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
The gangs were told to get out the vote for the government
80
250296
3429
๋ฒ”์ฃ„์กฐ์ง๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์œ ์„ธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€ํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
and force people to vote for the regime in some neighborhoods
81
253749
3129
ํŠน์ •์ง€์—ญ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ํ˜„ ์ •๊ถŒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ ,
04:16
and keep opposition voters away from the polls in others,
82
256902
2675
๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
and, in exchange, they'd be given control.
83
259601
2783
๊ทธ ๋Œ€์‹ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ†ต์ œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
But if criminals have control,
84
262408
2828
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์ด ํ†ต์ œ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
04:25
then police and courts can't do their jobs.
85
265260
2290
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ๋ฒ•์ •์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ฃ .
04:27
So the second stage in privilege violence
86
267574
3290
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน๊ถŒ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š”
04:30
is that courts and police are weakened,
87
270888
2334
๋ฒ•์ •๊ณผ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์•ฝํ™”๋˜๊ณ ,
04:33
and politicians politicize budgets,
88
273246
2698
์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ •์น˜์  ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ์ผ์‚ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
hiring, firing,
89
275968
1436
์˜ˆ์‚ฐ, ๊ณ ์šฉ, ํ•ด๊ณ  ๋“ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
04:37
so that they and the violent groups that they collude with stay out of jail.
90
277428
4238
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •์น˜์„ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋„์šด ํญ๋ ฅ๋ฐฐ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
Now, pretty soon, good cops leave,
91
283237
2644
์ด ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์„ ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ณ 
04:45
and many that remain become brutal.
92
285905
2269
๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋“ค์€ ์•…๋ž„ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
They start off, usually, with rough justice.
93
288836
3340
๋ณดํ†ต, ๊ทธ๋“ค๋งŒ์˜ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
They kill a drug dealer that they think would be let off by the corrupt courts.
94
292200
3728
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ์— ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•œ ๋ฒ•์ •์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฉดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ป”ํ•œ ๋งˆ์•ฝ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์ž๋“ค์„ ์ฃฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
But over time, the worst of them realize that there will be no repercussions
95
296520
5223
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ์•…์ธ ์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ„ ์ •์น˜์ธ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ
05:01
from the politicians they're in bed with,
96
301767
2646
์–ป์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์„œ
05:04
and they go into business for themselves.
97
304437
2180
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง์ ‘ ๋‚˜์„œ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
In Venezuela, nearly one in three murders is by the security services.
98
307443
4579
๋ฒ ๋„ค์ˆ˜์—˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” 1/3์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์‚ด์ธ์ด ๋ณด์•ˆ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
Now, the poor are hit hardest by violence all over the world,
99
313377
3901
์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋นˆ๊ณค๊ณ„์ธต์€ ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํฐ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
but they're hardly going to turn to such predatory cops for help.
100
317302
3167
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•…๋ž„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
So they tend to form vigilante groups.
101
320493
3079
๋Œ€์‹ , ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
But arm a bunch of 18-year-old boys,
102
323596
2223
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ 18์‚ด ์ •๋„์˜ ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์„ ๋ฌด์žฅ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
and pretty soon, they devolve into gangs over time.
103
325843
2657
๋จธ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๊ทธ ์กฐ์ง์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์กฐ์ง ๋ฐ‘์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
Other gangs come in, mafias come in,
104
329624
2147
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ณ , ๋งˆํ”ผ์•„๋„ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
and they offer to protect people from the other criminals
105
331795
3928
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž์™€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๋‚˜์„ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
and from the police.
106
335747
1753
05:38
Unlike the state,
107
338281
1239
์ •๋ถ€์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ,
05:39
the criminals often try to buy legitimacy.
108
339544
2222
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข… ์ ๋ฒ•์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
They give charity. They solve disputes.
109
341790
2413
์ž์„ ์„ ๋ฒ ํ’€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋…ผ์Ÿ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
Sometimes, they even build subsidized housing.
110
344227
2144
์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ, ์ •๋ถ€ ๋ณด์กฐ ์ฃผํƒ์„ ์ง“๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
The last stage of privilege violence happens when regular people
111
348338
4508
ํŠน๊ถŒ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์—์„œ๋Š”
์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด์ธ์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋งก๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
start committing a significant portion of the murder.
112
352870
2698
05:56
Bar fights and neighborhood arguments turn deadly
113
356753
3135
์ˆ ์ง‘ ์‹ธ์›€์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์›ƒ๊ฐ„์˜ ์–ธ์Ÿ์€ ์น˜๋ช…์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
when violence has become normal
114
359912
2184
ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ์ผ์ƒํ™” ๋˜๊ณ ,
06:02
and repercussions have evaporated.
115
362120
1894
๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜ํ–ฅ์กฐ์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š”์š”.
06:05
To outsiders, the culture looks depraved,
116
365071
2961
์™ธ๊ตญ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋„๋•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
as if something is deeply wrong with those people.
117
368056
2895
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
06:11
But any country can become this violent
118
371983
3666
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ง€ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๋‚œ๋ฌดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
when the government is, by turns, absent and predatory.
119
376769
3032
์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์† ๋ถ€์žฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์•ฝ์ž๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:21
Actually, that's not quite true --
120
381415
1704
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
it takes one more step for this level of violence to reign.
121
383143
3880
ํŠน๊ถŒ ํญ๋ ฅ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋ฅด๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:27
It takes mainstream society
122
387047
2954
๋ฐ”๋กœ, ์ฃผ๋ฅ˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ
06:30
to ignore the problem.
123
390025
1661
์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
You'd think that would be impossible,
124
391710
1809
๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
that violence at this level would be unbearable,
125
393543
2263
์ € ์ •๋„์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ์ฐธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์•„๋‹ํ…๋ฐ!
06:35
but it's actually quite bearable to people like you and me.
126
395830
3396
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ €์™€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฝค ์ฐธ์„๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
That's because, in every society in the world,
127
399718
2653
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌํšŒ๋“ ์ง€
06:42
even the most violent,
128
402395
2125
์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋„
06:44
violence is highly concentrated.
129
404544
2634
ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ง‘์ค‘๋  ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ๋†’๊ธฐ ๋–„๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
It happens to people on the wrong side of town,
130
407202
2731
๋ณดํ†ต ๋นˆ๊ณค์ธต ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
people who are poor, often darker,
131
409957
2399
๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๊ณ , ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋” ์ฒ˜์ฐธํ•˜๊ณ 
06:52
often from groups that are marginalized,
132
412380
2282
ํ•˜์ฐฎ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ๋“ค,
06:54
groups that mainstream society can separate ourselves from.
133
414686
3587
์ฃผ๋ฅ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋Œ€์ƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
06:59
Violence is so concentrated
134
419270
2201
ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์–ด์„œ
07:01
that we're shocked when the pattern deviates.
135
421495
2794
ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํŒจํ„ด์ด ํ‰์†Œ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
In Washington, DC, in 2001,
136
425129
3548
2001๋…„ ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด DC์—์„œ
07:08
a young white college-educated intern
137
428701
2871
๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ํ•œ ์ Š์€ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์ธํ„ด์ด
07:11
went missing after a hike in Northwest DC,
138
431596
3097
์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด ๋ถ์„œ๋ถ€์—์„œ ํ•˜์ดํ‚น ํ›„์— ์‹ค์ข…๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
and her case was in the papers nearly every day.
139
434717
3634
๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋งค์ผ ์–ธ๋ก ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
On the other side of town,
140
440058
2191
๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŽธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š”
07:22
a black man had been killed every other day that year.
141
442273
2864
๊ทธ ํ•ด์— ํ‘์ธ์€ ์ดํ‹€์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ผด๋กœ ์ฃฝ์ž„์„ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
Most of those cases never made the papers even once.
142
446280
3154
๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋‹จ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์–ธ๋ก ์— ๋ณด๋„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
Middle class society buys their way out of violence.
143
450353
2960
์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต์€ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
We live in better neighborhoods.
144
453337
1871
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ด์›ƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
Some people buy private security.
145
455232
2187
์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝ๋น„์š”์›์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
And we also tell ourselves a story.
146
457443
2566
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
We tell ourselves that most of the people who are killed
147
460033
3826
์ฃฝ์ž„์„ ๋‹นํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
07:43
are probably involved in crime themselves.
148
463883
2166
๊ทธ๋“ค ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์— ์—ฐ๋ฃจ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
By believing that somehow some people deserve to be murdered,
149
467371
4918
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“ , ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ”ผ์‚ด๋˜๊ธฐ ๋งˆ๋•…ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
07:52
otherwise good people allow ourselves to live
150
472313
2832
๊ทธ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ๋“ฏ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
in places where life chances are so deeply skewed.
151
476066
3881
์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‚๋”ฑํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
We allow ourselves.
152
481460
1685
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:03
Because, after all, what else can you do?
153
483996
2071
์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€?
08:07
Well, it turns out, quite a lot.
154
487540
2485
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฝค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Because violence today is not largely the result of war
155
490049
3448
์™œ๋‚˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ „์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:13
but is because of rotten politics in our democracies,
156
493521
3304
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ •์น˜์˜ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•จ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
08:16
regular voters are the greatest force for change.
157
496849
3489
์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
Consider the transformation of Bogotรก.
158
500362
2365
๋ณด๊ณ ํƒ€ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
In 1994, Colombia's incoming president
159
503402
2905
1994๋…„, ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋‹น์„ ๋œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด
08:26
was caught taking millions of dollars in campaign contributions
160
506331
3996
์„ ๊ฑฐ์œ ์„ธ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์ฒดํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
from the Cali drug cartel,
161
510351
2301
์นผ๋ฆฌ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋งˆ์•ฝ ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์กฐ์ง์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
and the capital was overrun with gangs and paramilitary groups.
162
512676
4992
๋ณด๊ณ ํƒ€๋Š” ๊ฐฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ๋ฌด์žฅ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค๋กœ ๋„˜์ณ ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
But fed-up voters overcame really rabid partisanship,
163
518832
4475
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์— ์‹ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚œ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ธ ๋‹นํŒŒ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
and they delivered nearly two-thirds of the vote
164
523331
2753
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2/3 ์ •๋„์˜ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€
08:46
to an independent candidate,
165
526108
2160
๋ฌด์†Œ์† ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฝ‘์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
enough to really overcome business as usual.
166
528292
2562
์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ •์น˜์  ์œ„์„ ์„ ํƒ€ํŒŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›„๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
08:51
On Mayor Mockus's first day in office,
167
531688
2437
๋ชจ์ฟ ์Šค ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ง‘๊ถŒ ์ฒซ๋‚ ,
08:54
the police barely bothered to even brief him on homicide,
168
534149
3214
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ์‚ด์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋”ฑํžˆ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
and when he asked why, they just shrugged and said,
169
537387
3143
๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ, ์–ด๊นจ๋ฅผ ์œผ์“ฑ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
"It's just criminals killing criminals."
170
540554
2007
"๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์„ ์ฃฝ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”."
09:03
The corrupt city council
171
543523
1952
๋ถ€ํŒจํ•œ ์‹œ์˜ํšŒ๋Š”
09:05
wanted to give police even more impunity for brutality.
172
545499
3500
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ๋งŒํ–‰์„ ๋”์šฑ ๋ฌต์ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
It's a really common tactic that's used worldwide
173
549388
3088
์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰ํƒœ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
when politicians want to posture as tough on crime
174
552500
3121
์ •์น˜์ธ์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒ™ ํ•  ๋ฟ,
09:15
but don't actually want to change the status quo.
175
555645
2585
ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
09:19
And research shows it backfires all over the world.
176
559126
2921
์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ญํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
If you throw a lot of low-level offenders into jails,
177
562071
2730
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ง€์œ„์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๋ณด๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
09:24
usually already overcrowded jails,
178
564825
2437
์ด๋ฏธ ๋„˜์ณ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:27
they learn from each other and they harden.
179
567286
2865
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉฐ ๋”์šฑ ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
They start to control the prisons, and from there, the streets.
180
570175
2960
๊ฐ์˜ฅ์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
Instead, Mockus insisted that police begin investigating every death.
181
574421
5500
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์ฟ ์Šค๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์ฃฝ์€ ์ž ๋ชจ๋‘ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
He fought the right-wing city council,
182
580450
2102
์šฐํŒŒ์ธ ์‹œ์˜์›๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝํ•˜๊ณ 
09:42
and he abandoned SWAT-style police tactics.
183
582576
2818
๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ SWAT ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „๋žต์„ ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
And he fought the left-wing unions
184
585418
2246
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ขŒํŒŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋‹น๊ณผ๋„ ๋Œ€๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
and fired thousands of predatory cops.
185
587688
2325
์•ฝํƒˆ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด๊ณ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
09:50
Honest police were finally free to do their jobs.
186
590946
3286
์ •์งํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ์„ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
Mockus then challenged citizens.
187
595288
1572
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ์ฟ ์Šค๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜์‹์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
He asked the middle class to stop opting out of their city,
188
596884
3468
์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€์—ญ๋‹น๊ตญ์˜ ํ†ต์ œ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋…์ž์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
to follow traffic laws
189
600376
1572
๊ตํ†ต๋ฒ•์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:01
and otherwise behave as if they shared the same community of fate.
190
601972
3435
๊ฐ™์€ ์šด๋ช…์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ–‰๋™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
He asked the poor to uphold social norms against violence,
191
606603
3104
๋นˆ๊ณค์ธต์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์„ ์ค€์ˆ˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
often at immense personal risk.
192
609731
2261
์ข…์ข… ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
And he asked the wealthy to give 10 percent more in taxes, voluntarily.
193
612433
4233
๋ถ€์œ ์ธต์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ 10%์˜ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋” ๋‚ด๋„๋ก ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
Sixty-three thousand people did.
194
617584
2166
6๋งŒ 3์ฒœ์—ฌ๋ช…์ด ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋” ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
And at the end of the decade that spanned Mayor Mockus's two terms in office,
195
620592
4016
90๋…„๋Œ€๋ง, ๋ชจ์ฟ ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ์žฌ์ž„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
10:24
homicide in Bogotรก was down 70 percent.
196
624632
2611
๋ณด๊ณ ํƒ€์˜ ์‚ด์ธ์€ 70% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
Audience: Whoo!
197
627666
1150
๊ด€๊ฐ : ์™€!
10:28
(Applause)
198
628840
5030
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
10:33
People in places with the most violence,
199
633894
2501
ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๋‚œ๋ฌดํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
10:36
whether it's Colombia or the United States,
200
636419
2750
์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„๋“ , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด๋“ ์ง€ ๊ฐ„์—
10:39
can make the biggest difference.
201
639193
1863
๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:41
The most important thing we can do is abandon the notion
202
641427
3254
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
that some lives are just worth less than others,
203
644705
2959
์–ด๋–ค ์ƒ๋ช…์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๋ช…๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
10:48
that someone deserves to be raped or murdered,
204
648666
2254
๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฐ•๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ด์ธ์„ ๋‹นํ• ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
because after all, they did something,
205
650944
2027
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ๋‹จ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
10:52
they stole or they did something to land themselves in prison
206
652995
3087
'๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ›”์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ณ ,
10:56
where that kind of thing happens.
207
656106
1656
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋ฒ•ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ผ์„œ..' ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
This devaluing of human life,
208
658836
3024
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
11:01
a devaluing we barely admit even to ourselves,
209
661884
3747
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
11:05
is what allows the whole downward spiral to begin.
210
665655
2595
์›์ธ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋์—†๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
It's what allows a bullet shot in a gang war in Rio
211
668932
3412
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์—์„œ ํญ๋ ฅ๋ฐฐ ๊ฐ„ ์‹ธ์›€์—์„œ ์ด์„ ์˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
11:12
to lodge in the head of a two-year-old girl
212
672368
2603
๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜
11:14
climbing on a jungle gym nearby.
213
674995
1738
๋‘ ์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ ์—ฌ์ž์•„์ด์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์—์š”.
11:18
And it's what allows a SWAT team hunting for a meth dealer in Georgia
214
678017
4551
๋˜, SWAT ํŒ€์€ ์กฐ์ง€์•„์—์„œ ํ•„๋กœํฐ ๋”œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์žก์„ ๋•Œ,
11:23
to throw a flash bang grenade into the crib of a little boy,
215
683358
4573
ํ„ฐ์ง€๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฅ˜ํƒ„์„ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด ์นจ๋Œ€์— ์„œ์Šด์—†์ด ๋˜์ง€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:29
exploding near his face and maiming him for life.
216
689121
2698
๊ทธ ์•„์ด์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด ์•ž์—์„œ ํ„ฐ์ ธ ํ‰์ƒ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒ ์ฃ .
11:33
The fact is, most violence everywhere
217
693271
2452
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋“  ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด
11:35
happens to people on the wrong side of town
218
695747
2192
๋ณ„๋ณผ์ผ ์—†๋Š” ๋งˆ์„์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ,
11:37
at the wrong time,
219
697963
1617
๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
and some of those people are from communities
220
699604
2127
๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
11:41
that we consider quite different.
221
701755
2080
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์— ์†ํ•ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
Some of them are people who have done horrible things.
222
703859
3141
์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์ผ์„ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
11:48
But reducing violence begins with privileging every human life,
223
708298
5666
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•  ๋•Œ, ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
both because it's right
224
713988
1412
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:55
and because only by prizing each life as worthy of at least due process,
225
715424
5506
์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์˜ ์ •๋‹นํ•œ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐŸ์„ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์•ผ ๋ง๋กœ
12:00
can we create societies in which the lives of innocents are safe.
226
720954
5164
๋ฌด๊ณ ํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
Second, recognize that today,
227
727366
2270
๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ 
12:09
inequality within our countries
228
729660
2452
๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์ด
12:12
is a vastly greater cause of violence than war between countries.
229
732136
3873
๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„ ์ „์Ÿ๋ณด๋‹ค ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋” ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
Now, inequality leads to violence for a whole host of reasons,
230
736515
3134
๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์€ ์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
but one of them is that it lets us separate ourselves
231
739673
3184
๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ณ„ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
from what's happening on the other side of town.
232
742881
2387
๋งˆ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ชฝ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
Those of us who are middle-class or wealthy,
233
746075
2056
์ค‘์‚ฐ์ธต์ด๋‚˜, ๋ถ€์œ ์ธต์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
12:28
who are benefiting from these systems,
234
748155
2127
์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ด์ต์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
12:30
have to change them at immense cost to ourselves.
235
750306
3014
๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:34
We have to pay enough taxes
236
754292
1676
์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
12:35
and then demand that our governments put good teachers in other kids' schools
237
755992
4895
์ •๋ถ€์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ํ•™๊ต์—๋„ ์ข‹์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ
12:40
and well-trained police to protect other peoples' neighborhoods.
238
760911
3882
์ž˜ ํ›ˆ๋ จ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์›ƒ๋“ค๋„ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
But, of course, that's not going to do any good
239
766015
2191
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์†Œ์šฉ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
if the government is stealing the money or fueling the violence,
240
768230
3135
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ณ„์† ํƒˆ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ , ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ€์ฑ„์งˆํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
and so we also need better politicians with better incentives.
241
771389
3892
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
The fact is, we actually know a lot about what it takes to reduce violence.
242
775305
3881
์‚ฌ์‹ค์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
It's policies like putting more cops
243
779210
2254
๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ 
13:01
in the few places where most violence occurs.
244
781488
2826
๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„ ๋” ํˆฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
But they don't fit easily into the boxes of the Left or the Right,
245
785082
3249
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค์€ ์ขŒํŒŒ๋‚˜ ์šฐํŒŒ์— ๋”ฑ ๋“ค์–ด๋งž์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
and so you need really honest politicians
246
788355
3818
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋ง ์ •์งํ•œ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
13:12
who are willing to buck knee-jerk partisanship
247
792197
3002
์ž๋™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๋‹นํŒŒ ๊ทผ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
13:15
and implement solutions.
248
795223
1689
ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์‹คํ–‰์— ์˜ฎ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:16
And if we want good politicians to run,
249
796936
2957
์ข‹์€ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ™œ๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
13:19
we need to start respecting politicians.
250
799917
3118
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
There's also a lot we can do to fight privilege violence in other countries.
251
805400
3652
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:29
The most violent regimes tend to be fueled by drugs,
252
809076
2532
๊ฐ€์žฅ ํญ๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ์ •๊ถŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์•ฝ๊ด€๋ จ ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํž˜์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
and then they launder the profits through financial systems
253
811632
2921
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ต์„ ์„ธํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธˆ์œต์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ,
13:34
in New York and London,
254
814577
1397
๋‰ด์˜ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ,
13:35
through real-estate transactions,
255
815998
1706
๋ถ€๋™์‚ฐ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ,
13:37
and through high-end resorts.
256
817728
1794
๋˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฆฌ์กฐํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
If you use drugs,
257
820444
1375
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:42
know your supply chain top to bottom,
258
822608
2748
๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
or admit the amount of pain you're willing to cause others
259
825380
3020
๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์•„ํ”ˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
for your own pleasure.
260
828424
1529
์ž๊ธฐ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚จ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„์š”.
13:51
Meanwhile, I would love to see one of those tourist sites
261
831075
3250
ํ•œํŽธ, ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ์—ฌํ–‰์‚ฌ์—์„œ
13:54
team up with investigative journalists
262
834349
2001
ํƒ์‚ฌ ๋ณด๋„ ๊ธฐ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ํŒ€์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์„œ
13:56
and create a little tiny icon --
263
836374
1616
๋งŒ๋“  ํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
13:58
right next to the one for free WiFi and if a place has a swimming pool,
264
838014
3797
๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์™€์ดํŒŒ์ด ์•„์ด์ฝ˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ˆ™์†Œ์— ์ˆ˜์˜์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด,
14:01
there could be a little tiny gun
265
841835
1564
์ž‘์€ ์ด ๋ชจ์–‘ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
for "likely criminal money-laundering front."
266
843423
2659
"๋ฒ”์ฃ„์กฐ์ง ๋ˆ์„ธํƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋ก ํŠธ" ๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
(Laughter)
267
846106
1823
(์›ƒ์Œ)
14:07
(Applause)
268
847953
4064
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
14:12
But until then,
269
852041
1807
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด์ฝ˜์ด ๋“ฑ๋ก๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
14:13
if you're booking a place in a dangerous country,
270
853872
3200
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ˆ™์†Œ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์•ฝ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
14:17
whether that's Jamaica or New Orleans,
271
857096
2326
์ž๋ฉ”์ด์นด ์ด๋“ , ๋‰ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์Šค ์ด๋“ 
14:19
do a little web research,
272
859446
1247
ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์›น ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰์„ ํ•ด์„œ,
14:20
see if you can see any criminal ties.
273
860717
1858
๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ์—ฐ๋ฃจ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:22
And, to make that easier,
274
862599
1199
๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด,
14:23
support legislation
275
863822
1560
๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฒ•์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
14:25
that makes our financial systems more transparent --
276
865406
3013
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธˆ์œต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํˆฌ๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
14:28
things like banning anonymous company ownership.
277
868443
2576
์ต๋ช…์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฒ•์ด์š”.
14:32
Now, this all probably sounds pretty quixotic,
278
872450
2479
์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด์ง ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
kind of like recycling your cans,
279
874953
1855
์บ”์„ ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
14:36
just a tiny drop in the ocean of a gigantic problem,
280
876832
3665
๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ์ž‰ํฌ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์šธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
14:40
but that's actually a misconception.
281
880521
1880
์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜คํ•ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
Homicide has been falling for centuries.
282
883219
2579
์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์‚ด์ธ์€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์–ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
Battle deaths have been dropping for decades.
283
885822
2803
์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„, ์ „์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ง์ž๋„ ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
In places where people have demanded change,
284
888649
2602
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š”
14:51
violent death has fallen, from Colombia to New York City,
285
891275
3875
ํญ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ฃฝ์Œ๋„ ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„์—์„œ ๋‰ด์š•์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€
14:55
where homicide is down 85 percent since 1990.
286
895174
3905
1990๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์‚ด์ธ์ด 85% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
The fact is, violence will always be with us,
287
900314
2731
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ํญ๋ ฅ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์กด์žฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
but it's not a constant.
288
903069
1738
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
It has been falling for centuries, and it could fall further faster.
289
905235
3921
์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„๊ฐ„, ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์–ด ์™”๊ณ , ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
Could it drop by 25 percent in the next quarter century, a third?
290
909180
4071
๋‹ค์Œ 25๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ 25%์—์„œ 1/3 ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
15:13
Many of us actually think it could.
291
913275
1730
๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:16
I think of all the kids who'd grow up with their dads,
292
916116
3587
์ €๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ ,
15:20
all the families that get their sisters back,
293
920663
2868
๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž๋งค,
15:23
their brothers.
294
923555
1291
ํ˜•์ œ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
All it needs is one small push.
295
926171
2564
์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž‘์€ ์ž๊ทน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
It needs us to care.
296
929797
2000
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›€์ง์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
Thank you.
297
933035
1151
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
(Applause)
298
934210
4893
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7