Can AI Preserve Your Most Precious Memories? | Pau Aleikum Garcia | TED

20,581 views ใƒป 2024-10-02

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: zeeva livshitz
00:04
A year ago, I was in front of Carmen,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ืœ ื›ืจืžืŸ,
00:08
a 90-year-old woman from Barcelona.
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ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืช 90 ืžื‘ืจืฆืœื•ื ื”.
00:11
I asked her, "Carmen, what is your earliest memory?"
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื”, โ€œื›ืจืžืŸ, ืžื” ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœืš?โ€
00:16
Now, for someone who has almost seen a century unfold,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ ืจืื” ืžืื” ืฉื ื” ืžืชืคืชื—ืช,
00:19
this can be a difficult question.
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ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืœื” ืงืฉื”.
00:21
I was half expecting her to say,
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ื—ืฆื™ ืฆื™ืคื™ืชื™ ืžืžื ื” ืœื•ืžืจ,
00:24
"Son, my earliest memory is of you asking me this question."
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"ื‘ืŸ, ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืืชื” ืฉื•ืืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื–ืืช."
00:27
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:29
But the truth was that it was from 1941.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉื ืช 1941.
00:33
She was six years old, and her mother would pay another family
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช ืฉืฉ, ื•ืืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืฉืœืžืช ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื—ืจืช
00:36
so they could enter their house and go up to their balcony.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœื‘ื™ืชื ื•ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœืžืจืคืกืช ืฉืœื”ื.
00:41
What was particular about that balcony was that it was facing La Modelo prison.
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ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืžืจืคืกืช ื”ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืคื•ื ื” ืœื›ืœื ืœื” ืžื•ื“ืœื•.
00:46
During that time,
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ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”,
00:47
during the Spanish dictatorship in Spain,
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ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจื” ื”ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื‘ืกืคืจื“,
00:50
it was a political prison
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™
00:51
and her father, a doctor for the antifascist front,
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ื•ืื‘ื™ื”, ืจื•ืคื ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ืื ื˜ื™-ืคืฉื™ืกื˜ื™ืช,
00:54
was a prisoner there.
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ื”ื™ื” ืืกื™ืจ ืฉื.
00:55
So the only way they could see each other
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ืื– ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™
00:59
was from that balcony to the window of the prison.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื”ืžืจืคืกืช ื”ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื.
01:03
And that was her earliest memory of him.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื” ืžืžื ื•.
01:07
Between bars, through that street.
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื•ืจื’ื™ื, ื“ืจืš ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื”.
01:11
I asked her, "Carmen, would you like to have an image of that memory?"
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ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื”, โ€œื›ืจืžืŸ, ื”ืื ืชืจืฆื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”?โ€
01:16
And she said, "Yes, of course.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ื›ืŸ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
01:17
I would love to show to my family what I experienced,
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ืืฉืžื— ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™,
01:21
the things that I went through
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ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื™
01:23
so they can remember where we all come from."
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื–ื›ืจื• ืžืื™ืคื” ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื‘ืื ื•โ€œ.
01:26
And this is how we started this experiment,
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื–ื”,
01:28
trying to transform a memory into an image,
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ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืœืชืžื•ื ื”,
01:32
in this case using generative AI.
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื’ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช.
01:35
We started by creating a description of the memory,
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ,
01:38
a prompt, to say so.
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ืžื”ื™ืจ, ืื ืœื•ืžืจ ื–ืืช.
01:39
And then Carmen generated tens of images.
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ื•ืื– ื›ืจืžืŸ ื™ืฆืจื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช.
01:42
You could see her going through all of them.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ืขื•ื‘ืจืช ืืช ื›ื•ืœื.
01:45
But it was not until she saw these two images
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ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ื›ืฉืจืืชื” ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
01:48
that something clicked in her.
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ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืœื—ืฅ ื‘ื”.
01:51
She pointed at the image and said,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื•ืืžืจื”,
01:52
"Yes, this is me and my mother on the balcony.
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โ€œื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ืื ื™ ื•ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืžืจืคืกืช.
01:55
I can see the haircut."
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืชืกืคื•ืจืช."
01:57
It was as if she had found something long lost.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื ืžืฆืื” ืžืฉื”ื• ืื‘ื•ื“ ืžื–ืžืŸ.
02:03
From there we did something else.
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ืžืฉื ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ.
02:05
We used that image as a starting point to generate a video,
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ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื ื• ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื•ืฆื ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ,
02:08
but this time,
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ืืš ื”ืคืขื,
02:10
not only showing her and her mother,
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ืœื ืจืง ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชื” ื•ืืช ืืžื”,
02:12
but also showing her father looking back at them
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ืืœื ื’ื ืžืจืื” ืืช ืื‘ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ื”ื
02:14
from the other side of the street.
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ืžื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘.
02:17
When she saw it, there was a long silence.
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ื›ืฉืจืืชื” ืืช ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืชื™ืงื” ืืจื•ื›ื”.
02:20
And later she told me that it had been a long time
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ื•ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘
02:23
since she had seen an image of her father.
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ืžืื– ืฉืจืืชื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื”.
02:28
And as you can see,
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ื•ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช,
02:30
these are not factual recreations of the past.
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ืืœื” ืื™ื ื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ.
02:33
This feels a bit more like dreams, right?
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ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžื• ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
02:35
And in fact, they are.
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื.
02:37
They are visualizations based [on] memories
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ื”ื ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช [ืขืœ] ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช
02:40
with their imperfections and undefinition.
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ืขื ืคื’ืžื™ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉืœื”ื.
02:43
That's how we discovered that blurry, undefined images
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ื›ืš ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืฉืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืฉื˜ืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื•ืช
02:48
work much better than hyper-realistic ones
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืืœื” ื”ื”ื™ืคืจ-ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช
02:50
when we are trying to reconstruct memories.
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
02:53
That's why early generative AI models
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื“ื’ืžื™ AI ื’ื ืจืื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื
02:55
work much better than the ultimate state-of-the-art ones.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืืœื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื•ืœื˜ื™ืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื.
02:59
It's not the factual accuracy that moves us
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ืœื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื ื™ืข ืื•ืชื ื•
03:03
but the emotional truth that we find embedded into some of these systems.
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ืืœื ื”ืืžืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื•ื˜ืžืขืช ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
03:08
And we call this project Synthetic Memories.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ื™ื.
03:11
It's one of the several projects we are doing at Domestic Data Streamers,
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ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื‘- Domestic Data Streamers,
03:15
a team of researchers, designers and engineers
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ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื, ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื
03:17
exploring the impact that generative AI can have in society,
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ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื ื” ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื’ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”,
03:21
going from media literacy to cultural heritage
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ื”ื—ืœ ืžืื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื” ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช
03:24
and of course, memories.
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
03:27
Now, memories are the architects of our identity, right?
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื”ืื“ืจื™ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:32
Memories remind us who we are.
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ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœื ื• ืžื™ ืื ื—ื ื•.
03:35
And visual memories are very important.
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ื•ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ื“.
03:37
We all have a picture of someone we love
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ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ืฉ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื
03:39
in our wallet, in our phones,
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ื‘ืืจื ืง ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
03:42
in our homes.
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ื‘ื‘ืชื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
03:44
Visual memories shape our sense of self,
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ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœื ื•,
03:47
and they can shape our sense of belonging to a specific place.
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ื•ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืœืžืงื•ื ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™.
03:50
They can teach us things from the past.
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื”ืขื‘ืจ.
03:53
And because of that,
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ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”,
03:55
they can actually make us understand in a deeper level
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ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืžื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
04:00
how we react to things.
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืื ื• ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
04:02
And like organic memories,
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ื•ื›ืžื• ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื™ื,
04:03
which are formed and stored in the human brain,
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ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ืžืื•ื—ืกื ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ื— ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™,
04:07
synthetic memories are visual memories from a person's past
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ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื
04:11
which have been never documented or lost,
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ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชื•ืขื“ื• ืื• ืื‘ื“ื•,
04:14
and that we can now, using gen-AI,
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ื•ืฉืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืขืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช Gen-AI,
04:16
transform from a text or an oral description into an image.
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ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืžื˜ืงืกื˜ ืื• ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ืœืชืžื•ื ื”.
04:21
Now, there are many reasons why we can lose visual memories
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื‘ื“ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื™ื
04:24
and memories itself,
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ื•ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื,
04:26
but the most common one is the one that comes with aging
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ืืš ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื” ืขื ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช
04:29
and diseases like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's.
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ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ ืื• ืคืจืงื™ื ืกื•ืŸ.
04:32
I myself have lived through that in my family,
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ืื ื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™,
04:35
and I guess many of you have had similar experiences.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื ื—ื•ื•ื• ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช.
04:38
It's a terrible disease as you not only see the memories fade away,
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ื–ื• ืžื—ืœื” ืื™ื•ืžื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืืชื” ืœื ืจืง ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืชืคื•ื’ื’ื™ื,
04:43
but also the character and the identity of someone that you love.
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ืืœื ื’ื ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืืชื” ืื•ื”ื‘.
04:47
So two years ago,
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ืื– ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื,
04:49
we started to create these meetups
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ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื”
04:52
to meet people from very different disciplines,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืื•ื“,
04:55
trying to figure out how synthetic memories could be used
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ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ื™ื
04:58
in different social setups.
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ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
05:00
And then I met David, a social worker in a nursing home.
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ื•ืื– ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื“ื•ื•ื™ื“, ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื•ืช.
05:04
He was taking care of a group of Alzheimerโ€™s patients
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ื”ื•ื ื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ
05:07
and he was using a therapy called reminiscence therapy.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื ืงืจื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
05:12
Now, reminiscence therapy is a kind of therapy that uses music
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”
05:15
and old photographs from a person's past
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ื•ื‘ืชืฆืœื•ืžื™ื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ืื“ื
05:19
to trigger these very visceral, emotional memories.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ืจืจ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจื’ืฉื™ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžื˜ืœื˜ืœื™ื ืืœื”.
05:23
Think of it as kind of lubricating an old rusty lock,
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ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืกื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืžื ืขื•ืœ ื—ืœื•ื“ ื™ืฉืŸ,
05:27
making it much easier to open the doors of certain forgotten rooms
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ืžื” ืฉืžืงืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ื“ืœืชื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืจื™ื ื ืฉื›ื—ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื
05:31
that we have in our head.
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืจืืฉ.
05:33
And it has been proven to, for certain people,
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ื•ื”ื•ื›ื— ื›ื™, ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื,
05:36
help very much in the prevention of depression, of cognitive decay,
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ืขื•ื–ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ, ืฉืœ ืจื™ืงื‘ื•ืŸ ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™,
05:40
and in some cases, even improve cognitive abilities.
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ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช.
05:43
So we designed a pilot experiment
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ืื– ืชื›ื ื ื• ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืคื™ื™ืœื•ื˜
05:46
using synthetic memories within reminiscence therapy.
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืขืœืืช ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
05:50
And for over two months,
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ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื,
05:51
12 patients did both individual sessions and group therapy.
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12 ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืขืฉื• ื’ื ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืคืจื˜ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื’ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™.
05:54
And we could see a direct relation between the level of engagement
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ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืงืฉืจ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืžืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช
05:58
and their cognitive abilities,
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ืœื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
05:59
pointing out that this could not only be a new way of doing therapy,
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ื•ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืจืง ื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ,
06:03
but also it could be another way to detect early signs of cognitive decay.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืกื™ืžื ื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืจื™ืงื‘ื•ืŸ ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™.
06:11
Now, this image was generated with Nuria,
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ื›ืขืช, ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ื ื•ืฆืจื” ืขื ื ื•ืจื™ื”,
06:16
a 96-year-old woman from a nursing home.
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ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืช 96 ืžื‘ื™ืช ืื‘ื•ืช.
06:20
And she was telling me about one of her favorite memories of her husband
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืœื™ ืฉืื—ื“ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื” ืžื‘ืขืœื”
06:25
was during Sundays,
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ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,
06:26
he used to read the newspaper in the living room.
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ื”ื•ื ื ื”ื’ ืœืงืจื•ื ืขื™ืชื•ืŸ ื‘ืกืœื•ืŸ.
06:30
And she will always play this old, jumpy gramophone with some music
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืชื ื’ืŸ ืืช ื”ื’ืจืžื•ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื”ืงื•ืคืฆื ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืขื ืงืฆืช ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”
06:33
just to annoy him.
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ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื‘ืŸ ืื•ืชื•.
06:36
When she saw the image, she was so happy her eyes [lit] up,
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ื›ืฉืจืืชื” ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžื—ื” ืฉืขื™ื ื™ื” [ื ื“ืœืงื•],
06:41
but after a while, she looked at me and she said,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื—ืจื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื™ ื•ืืžืจื”,
06:44
"But Pau, we have a problem here.
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"ืื‘ืœ ืคืื•, ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืขื™ื” ื›ืืŸ.
06:47
This man over here is not my husband."
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ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ืขืœื™."
06:50
And I said, "How come?"
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™, "ืื™ืš ื–ื”?"
06:51
And she said, half laughing,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, ื—ืฆื™ ืฆื•ื—ืงืช,
06:53
โ€œWell, my husband was much more ugly.โ€
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"ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ื•ืขืจ."
06:56
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:58
[Proving] once again that love is not just blind,
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[ืžื•ื›ื™ื—] ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืื”ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืขื™ื•ื•ืจืช,
07:00
but also nearsighted.
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ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืขืœืช ืงื•ืฆืจ ืจืื™ื™ื”.
07:02
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:04
As you can see, this is far from being a cure of Alzheimerโ€™s,
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ื–ื” ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ,
07:07
but it could be a way of making the journey a bit less daunting.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืžืกืข ืœืงืฆืช ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืจืชื™ืข.
07:10
Another patient told me
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ืžื˜ื•ืคืœ ืื—ืจ ืืžืจ ืœื™
07:12
"It feels a bit like finding your glasses on your head
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"ื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืงืฆืช ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืงืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ื”ืจืืฉ
07:15
after searching for them everywhere."
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื—ื™ืคืฉืช ืื•ืชื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื."
07:17
It's small but very significant relief.
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ื–ื• ื”ืงืœื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืืš ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืื•ื“.
07:20
And from a medical perspective,
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ื•ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืจืคื•ืื™ืช,
07:22
it could be a new way to temporarily enhance cognitive abilities,
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ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืฉืคืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ืžื ื™ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช
07:26
making it much easier for family members
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ื•ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”
07:29
and caregivers in moments of distress or disconnection.
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ื•ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ืงื” ืื• ื ื™ืชื•ืง.
07:33
So the pilot experiment was promising enough
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ืื– ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ืคื™ื™ืœื•ื˜ ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืžืกืคื™ืง
07:37
to partner up with the AGE-WELL network here in Canada,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืจืฉืช AGE-WELL ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืงื ื“ื”,
07:40
together with researchers from the University of Toronto
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื˜ื•ืจื•ื ื˜ื•
07:43
and the University of British Columbia.
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ื•ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืงื•ืœื•ืžื‘ื™ื” ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ืช.
07:45
And during this summer,
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ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื”ื–ื”,
07:47
we will be exploring and designing an ethical framework
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ื ื—ืงื•ืจ ื•ื ืขืฆื‘ ืžืกื’ืจืช ืืชื™ืช
07:49
to protect both family members and patients,
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ืœื”ื’ื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืื—ื“,
07:52
as well as comparing this therapy to other therapeutic interventions
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื–ื” ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช
07:55
and exploring how we can make it truly accessible
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ื•ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืื•ืชื• ืœื ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืžืช
07:58
for both families and institutions all over the world.
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ื”ืŸ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
08:02
But as you can imagine, synthetic memories
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ื™ื
08:05
and this project can go beyond the research on dementia.
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ื•ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืจื•ื’ ืžื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืขืœ ื“ืžื ืฆื™ื”.
08:09
There are many other reasons why we can lose visual memories.
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ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืข ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื‘ื“ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ื™ื.
08:13
There is the loss that comes from sudden displacement due to war,
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ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืฉืžืงื•ืจื• ื‘ืขืงื™ืจื” ืคืชืื•ืžื™ืช ืขืงื‘ ืžืœื—ืžื”,
08:18
political persecution, or natural disasters.
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ืจื“ื™ืคื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ืื• ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข.
08:21
Situations in which our photo albums,
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ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืืœื‘ื•ืžื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช,
08:24
hard drives, phones, diaries can be lost,
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ื”ื›ื•ื ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื—ื™ื, ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื, ื”ื™ื•ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“,
08:27
damaged or just left behind.
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ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ืื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืžืื—ื•ืจ.
08:30
Synthetic memories is a way
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ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืกื™ื ืชื˜ื™ื™ื
08:32
to recover a part of this past heritage that have been lost
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ื”ื ื“ืจืš ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ื—ืœืง ืžืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื• ืฉืื‘ื“ื”
08:36
and that right now is at risk of being forgotten.
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ื•ื›ืจื’ืข ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืฉื›ื—.
08:40
It's a new way of reconstructing a past that has been hidden to our eyes.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื“ืจืš ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ืขื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืกืชืจ ืžืขื™ื ื™ื ื•.
08:46
Now, soon we will open the first public office
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ื›ืขืช, ื‘ืงืจื•ื‘ ื ืคืชื— ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ
08:50
for visual memory reconstruction in the city of Barcelona,
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ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืจืฆืœื•ื ื”,
08:54
with the support of the city council.
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ื‘ืชืžื™ื›ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืขื™ืจ.
08:55
The idea is to make a city-scale experiment,
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœืขืจื•ืš ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ืงื ื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™,
08:59
a place where any citizen will be able to generate their own memories,
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ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•,
09:04
to reconstruct a part of their past together in community,
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ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ื—ืœืง ืžืขื‘ืจื• ื™ื—ื“ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”,
09:09
understanding which are the subjectivities of the past
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื‘ืจ
09:11
from different communities.
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ืžืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.
09:15
This image was sent to me not long ago by David, the social worker,
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ืชืžื•ื ื” ื–ื• ื ืฉืœื—ื” ืืœื™ ืœื ืžื–ืžืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื•ื“, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ืืœื™,
09:21
and he did it with a dementia patient
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ืขื ื—ื•ืœื” ื“ืžื ืฆื™ื”
09:23
that for very long time had not spoken with his daughter.
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ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจ ืขื ื‘ืชื•.
09:29
They were in kind of bad terms,
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื,
09:31
and he told David that he was terrified about horses,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ื•ื”ืœ ืžืกื•ืกื™ื,
09:35
but because his daughter loved them,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื• ืื”ื‘ื” ืื•ืชื,
09:37
he would bring her to ride every week during her childhood.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืจื›ื‘ ื›ืœ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื”.
09:41
And he asked David to generate this image of both of them riding
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืžื“ื•ื“ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืจื•ื›ื‘ื™ื
09:45
in this kind of dreamy landscape.
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ื‘ื ื•ืฃ ื—ืœื•ืžื™ ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื”.
09:48
This was not a memory, this never happened.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืงืจื”.
09:50
It was a remembrance.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื™ื–ื›ืจื•ืช.
09:52
It was a way that he wanted to remember his daughter.
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื” ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื‘ืชื•.
09:57
With his permission,
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ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื•
09:58
David sent this image to his daughter,
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ืฉืœื— ื“ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื• ืœื‘ืชื•,
10:01
who, because of that,
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ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”,
10:02
after almost ten years without speaking to each other,
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ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ื–ื” ืขื ื–ื”,
10:05
came back to Barcelona to speak back to him.
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ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื‘ืจืฆืœื•ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืชื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
10:08
Afterwards, she told David that when she saw the image,
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ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืœื“ื•ื“ ืฉื›ืฉืจืืชื” ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื”,
10:13
she realized that her father still had good memories of her.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉืœืื‘ื™ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืžื ื”.
10:18
An image can work as a witness to the world, we know that,
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ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ื›ืขื“ื•ืช ืœืขื•ืœื, ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื–ืืช,
10:22
but it can also change the way we see it.
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ืืš ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
10:25
We have now tools that can help us understand a time that was not ours.
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ื›ืขืช ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืœื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื ื•.
10:30
Experiences from others that have never been shown in images
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ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช
10:34
and bridge realities that were hidden to our eyes.
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ื•ืžื’ืฉืจื™ื ืžืฆื™ืื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืกืชืจื• ืžืขื™ื ื™ื ื•.
10:38
Montserrat Roig, a beloved Catalan writer,
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ืžื•ื ื˜ืกืจืื˜ ืจื•ื™ื’, ืกื•ืคืจ ืงื˜ืœืื ื™ ืื”ื•ื‘,
10:41
once wrote (speaking in Spanish).
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ื›ืชื‘ ืคืขื (ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช).
10:47
"If there is an act of love, that is to remember."
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โ€œืื ื™ืฉ ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ืื”ื‘ื”, ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ.โ€
10:51
And that is truly my hope.
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ื•ื–ื• ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื™.
10:53
That we all get the opportunity to love
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ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืื”ื•ื‘
10:56
and be loved in that way.
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ื•ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื•.
10:58
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืœื›ื.
10:59
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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