What obligation do social media platforms have to the greater good? | Eli Pariser

Prevoditelj: Ivan Nekić Recezent: Sanda L

I was talking to a guy at a party in California

Razgovarao sam s tipom na jednoj zabavi u Kaliforniji

about tech platforms

o tech platformama

and the problems they're creating in society.

i problemima koje one stvaraju u društvu.

And he said, "Man, if the CEOs just did more drugs

A on reče: „Čovječe, da su izvršni direktori drogirani

and went to Burning Man,

partijali na Burning Manu,

we wouldn't be in this mess."

ne bismo bili u ovom neredu.”

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

I said, "I'm not sure I agree with you."

Rekao sam: „Nisam siguran da se slažem s tobom.”

For one thing, most of the CEOs have already been to Burning Man.

Naime, većina izvršnih direktora već su bili na Burning Manu.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

But also, I'm just not sure that watching a bunch of half-naked people

Ali isto tako, nisam siguran da je gledanje hrpe polugolih ljudi

run around and burn things

kako trče okolo i pale

is really the inspiration they need right now.

doista inspiracija koja im je sad potrebna.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

But I do agree that things are a mess.

Ali slažem se da su stvari u neredu.

And so, we're going to come back to this guy,

I tako, vratit ćemo se tom tipu,

but let's talk about the mess.

ali pričajmo o neredu.

Our climate's getting hotter and hotter.

Naša klima je sve toplija i toplija.

It's getting harder and harder to tell truth from fiction.

I sve teže i teže je razlikovati istinu od fikcije.

And we've got this global migratory crisis.

A tu je i ta globalna migracijska kriza.

And just at the moment when we really need new tools

A upravo u trenutku kad stvarno trebamo nove alate

and new ways of coming together as a society,

i nove načine okupljanja kao društvo,

it feels like social media is kind of tearing at our civic fabric

izgleda kao da društveni mediji trgaju naše građansko tkanje

and setting us against each other.

i okreću nas jedne protiv drugih.

We've got viral misinformation on WhatsApp,

Imamo viralne dezinformacije na WhatsAppu,

bullying on Instagram

nasilje na Instagramu

and Russian hackers on Facebook.

i ruske hakere na Facebooku.

And I think this conversation that we're having right now

I mislim da je ovaj razgovor ovdje

about the harms that these platforms are creating

o šteti koju te platforme stvaraju

is so important.

jako važan.

But I also worry

Ali također sam zabrinut

that we could be letting a kind of good existential crisis in Silicon Valley

da ćemo protratiti neku vrst dobre egzistencijalne krize

go to waste

u Silicijskoj dolini

if the bar for success is just that it's a little harder

ako ljestvica uspjeha bude takva da makedonskim tinejdžerima

for Macedonian teenagers to publish false news.

samo malo otežamo objavu lažnih vijesti.

The big question, I think, is not just

Smatram kako veliko pitanje nije samo

what do we want platforms to stop doing,

što želimo da platforme prestanu raditi,

but now that they've effectively taken control of our online public square,

nego kad su već u praksi preuzele kontrolu nad našim javnim prostorom,

what do we need from them for the greater good?

što nam je od njih potrebno za veće dobro?

To me, this is one of the most important questions of our time.

Za mene je to jedno od najvažnijih pitanja našega vremena.

What obligations do tech platforms have to us

Kakve obveze tech platforme imaju prema nama

in exchange for the power we let them hold over our discourse?

u zamjenu za moć koju im prepuštamo nad našim diskursom?

I think this question is so important,

Mislim da je ovo pitanje toliko važno jer,

because even if today’s platforms go away,

čak i ako današnje platforme nestanu,

we need to answer this question

trebamo odgovor na to pitanje

in order to be able to ensure that the new platforms that come back

kako bismo mogli osigurati da nove platforme koje se vraćaju

are any better.

budu bolje.

So for the last year, I've been working with Dr. Talia Stroud

U posljednjih godinu dana radio sam s dr. Taliom Stroud

at the University of Texas, Austin.

na Sveučilištu u Teksasu, Austin.

We've talked to sociologists and political scientists

Razgovarali smo sa sociolozima, politolozima i filozofima

and philosophers

kako bismo pokušali odgovoriti na to pitanje.

to try to answer this question.

And at first we asked,

Prvo smo pitali:

"If you were Twitter or Facebook and trying to rank content for democracy

"Da ste vi Twitter ili Facebook, kad biste sadržaj rangirali po demokraciji

rather than for ad clicks or engagement,

umjesto po klikovima ili aktivnosti,

what might that look like?"

kako bi to izgledalo?"

But then we realized,

No, onda smo shvatili

this sort of suggests that this is an information problem

da to sugerira kako postoji problem s informacijom

or a content problem.

ili sadržajem.

And for us, the platform crisis is a people problem.

A za nas je kriza platformi ljudski problem.

It's a problem about the emergent weird things that happen

Problem čudnih stvari koje se događaju

when large groups of people get together.

kad se okupe velike grupe ljudi.

And so we turned to another, older idea.

Pa smo se okrenuli drugoj, starijoj ideji.

We asked,

Pitali smo:

"What happens when we think about platforms as spaces?"

„Što se događa kada o platformama razmišljamo kao o prostorima?”

We know from social psychology that spaces shape behavior.

Znamo iz socijalne psihologije kako prostori oblikuju ponašanje.

You put the same group of people in a room like this,

Stavite istu grupu ljudi u prostor poput ovog

and they're going to behave really differently

i ponašat će se zbilja drugačije

than in a room like this.

nego u prostoru poput ovog.

When researchers put softer furniture in classrooms,

Kad su istraživači staviti mekši namještaj u učionice,

participation rates rose by 42 percent.

stopa sudjelovanja porasla je za 42 posto.

And spaces even have political consequences.

Prostori imaju čak i političke posljedice.

When researchers looked at neighborhoods with parks

Kad su istraživači promatrali četvrti s parkovima

versus neighborhoods without,

naspram četvrti bez parkova,

after adjusting for socioeconomic factors,

nakon podešavanja socioekonomskih čimbenika,

they found that neighborhoods with parks had higher levels of social trust

otkrili su da su četvrti s parkovima imale višu razinu društvenog povjerenja

and were better able to advocate for themselves politically.

i bile spremnije politički se zalagati za sebe.

So spaces shape behavior,

Dakle, prostori oblikuju ponašanje,

partly by the way they're designed

dijelom onim kako su dizajnirani,

and partly by the way that they encode certain norms about how to behave.

a dijelom time što sadrže određene norme ponašanja.

We all know that there are some behaviors that are OK in a bar

Svi znamo kako su neka ponašanja OK u kafiću,

that are not OK in a library,

ali nisu OK u knjižnici,

and maybe vice versa.

a možda i obrnuto.

And this gives us a little bit of a clue,

To nam daje mali putokaz,

because there are online spaces

jer postoje online prostori

that encode these same kinds of behavioral norms.

koji uključuju istu vrstu pravila ponašanja.

So, for example, behavior on LinkedIn

Tako je, naprimjer, na LinkedInu

seems pretty good.

ponašanje sasvim u redu.

Why?

Zašto?

Because it reads as a workplace.

Jer se smatra radnim mjestom

And so people follow workplace norms.

pa se ljudi drže pravila radnog mjesta.

You can even see it in the way they dress in their profile pictures.

To se čak može vidjeti po načinu kako su obučeni na profilnim slikama.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

So if LinkedIn is a workplace,

Pa ako je LinkedIn radno mjesto,

what is Twitter like?

što je onda Twitter?

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Well, it's like a vast, cavernous expanse,

Pa, to je poput velikog polutamnog prostora

where there are people talking about sports,

gdje ljudi razgovaraju o sportu,

arguing about politics, yelling at each other, flirting,

prepiru se o politici viču jedni na druge, flertaju,

trying to get a job,

nastojeći dobiti posao,

all in the same place, with no walls, no divisions,

sve na istom mjestu, bez zidova, bez podjela,

and the owner gets paid more the louder the noise is.

a vlasnik dobiva veću plaću što je veća buka.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

No wonder it's a mess.

Nije čudno da vlada nered.

And this raises another thing that become obvious

Time još nešto postaje očito

when we think about platforms in terms of physical space.

kad govorimo o platformama kao o fizičkom prostoru.

Good physical spaces are almost always structured.

Dobri fizički prostori gotovo su uvijek strukturirani.

They have rules.

Imaju pravila.

Silicon Valley is built on this idea that unstructured space is conducive

Silicijska dolina izgrađena je na ideji da je nestrukturirani prostor

for human behavior.

pogodan za ljudsko ponašanje.

And I actually think there's a reason for this myopia

Zapravo mislim da postoji razlog za tu kratkovidnost

built into the location of Silicon Valley itself.

ugrađen u samu lokaciju Silicijske doline.

So, Michele Gelfand is a sociologist

Michele Gelfand je sociologinja

who studies how norms vary across cultures.

koja proučava kako se norme razlikuju kroz kulture.

And she watches how cultures like Japan -- which she calls "tight" --

Promatra kako su kulture poput japanske -- koje naziva "strogima" --

is very conformist, very rule-following,

vrlo konformističke, veoma slijede pravila,

and cultures like Brazil are very loose.

a kulture poput brazilske vrlo labave.

You can see this even in things like

To se čak može vidjeti po tome

how closely synchronized the clocks are on a city street.

koliko su precizno sinkronizirani satovi na gradskim ulicama.

So as you can see, the United States is one of the looser countries.

Pa, kao što možete vidjeti, SAD su jedna od tih labavih zemalja.

And the loosest state in the United States is,

A najlabavija država u SAD-u je

you got it, California.

shvatili ste, Kalifornija.

And Silicon Valley culture came out of the 1970s Californian counterculture.

A kultura Silicijske doline razvila se iz kalifornijske subkulture 1970-ih.

So, just to recap:

Dakle, da ponovimo:

the spaces that the world is living in

prostori u kojima svijet živi

came out of the loosest culture in the loosest state

dolaze iz najlabavije kulture u najlabavijoj državi

in one of the loosest countries in the world.

u jednoj od najlabavijih zemalja svijeta.

No wonder they undervalue structure.

Nije čudo da podcjenjuju strukturu.

And I think this really matters, because people need structure.

Ja smatram da je to zbilja važno, jer je ljudima potrebna strutura.

You may have heard this word "anomie."

Možda ste čuli riječ "anomija."

It literally means "a lack of norms" in French.

U francuskom doslovce znači "nedostatak normi".

It was coined by Émile Durkheim

Skovao ju je Émile Durkheim

to describe the vast, overwhelming feeling

kako bi opisao veliki, sveobuhvatni osjećaj

that people have in spaces without norms.

koji imaju ljudi u prostorima bez normi.

Anomie has political consequences.

Anomija ima političke posljedice.

Because what Gelfand has found is that, when things are too loose,

Gelfand je otkrila da ljudi, kad je stanje previše labavo,

people crave order and structure.

žude za poretkom i strukturom.

And that craving for order and structure correlates really strongly

A ta žudnja za poretkom i strukturom je u snažnoj korelaciji

with support for people like these guys.

s potporom ovakvim ljudima

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Ne mislim da je suludo pitati

I don't think it's crazy to ask

if the structurelessness of online life is actually feeding anxiety

hrani li ta bezstrukturnost online života možda anksioznost

that's increasing a responsiveness to authoritarianism.

koja povećava prijemčivost za autoritarnost.

So how might platforms bring people together

Pa kako bi platforme mogle zbližavati ljude

in a way that creates meaning

na način koji stvara smisao

and helps people understand each other?

i pomaže ljudima u međusobnom razumijevanju?

And this brings me back to our friend from Burning Man.

Vraćam se na svog prijatelja i Burning Mana.

Because listening to him, I realized:

Slušajući ga, shvatio sam:

it's not just that Burning Man isn't the solution --

Burning Man ne samo da nije rješenje --

it's actually a perfect metaphor for the problem.

to je savršena metafora problema.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

You know, it's a great place to visit for a week,

Znate, to je odlično mjesto za jedan posjet

this amazing art city, rising out of nowhere in the dust.

nevjerojatan grad umjetnosti koji se izdiže niotkuda u prašini.

But you wouldn't want to live there.

Ali tamo ne želite živjeti.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

There's no running water,

Nema tekuće vode,

there's no trash pickup.

nema skupljanja smeća.

At some point, the hallucinogens run out,

U nekom bi trenutku ponestalo opijata

and you're stuck with a bunch of wealthy white guys

i zaglavili biste s hrpom bogatih bijelih dečki

in the dust in the desert.

u pustinjskoj prašini.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Which, to me, is sometimes how social media feels in 2019.

Meni to liči na društvene medije 2019.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

A great, fun, hallucinatory place to visit has become our home.

Veliko mjesto za zabavu uz halucinacije postalo je naš dom.

And so,

I tako,

if we look at platforms through the lens of spaces,

ako promatramo platforme kroz optiku prostora,

we can then ask ourselves:

možemo se pitati:

Who knows how to structure spaces for the public good?

Tko zna kako strukturirati prostore za opće dobro?

And it turns out, this is a question

Ispostavilo se da je to pitanje

people have been thinking about for a long time about cities.

zaokupljalo ljude dugo vremena u slučaju gradova.

Cities were the original platforms.

Gradovi su bili originalne platforme.

Two-sided marketplace?

Dvostrano trgovište?

Check.

Tu je.

Place to keep up with old friends and distant relatives?

Mjesto za druženje sa starim prijateljima i daljim rođacima?

Check.

Tu je.

Vector for viral sharing?

Vektor za viralno dijeljenje?

Check.

Tu je.

In fact, cities have encountered

Doista, gradovi su se suočavali

a lot of the same social and political challenges

s mnogim istim društvenim i političkim izazovima

that platforms are now encountering.

s kojima se platforme sada susreću.

They've dealt with massive growth that overwhelmed existing communities

Oni su se suočavali s masovnim rastom koji nadmašuje postojeće zajednice

and the rise of new business models.

i usponom novih poslovnih modela.

They've even had new, frictionless technologies

Imali su čak i nove, besprijekorne tehnologije

that promised to connect everyone together

koje su obećavale kako će sve povezati,

and that instead deepened existing social and race divides.

a umjesto toga su produbile postojeće socijalne i rasne podjele.

But because of this history of decay and renewal

Ali zbog te povijesti propadanja i obnova,

and segregation and integration,

segregacije i integracije,

cities are the source of some of our best ideas

gradovi su izvor nekih naših najboljih ideja

about how to build functional, thriving communities.

kako izgraditi funkcionalne, prosperitetne zajednice.

Faced with a top-down, car-driven vision of city life,

Suočeni s izokrenutom vizijom gradskoga života, pokretanom automobilima,

pioneers like Jane Jacobs said,

pioniri poput Jane Jacobs rekoše:

let’s instead put human relationships at the center of urban design.

stavimo umjesto toga ljudske odnose u središte urbanoga dizajna.

Jacobs and her fellow travelers like Holly Whyte, her editor,

Jacobs i njezini suputnici poput urednice Holly Whyte

were these really great observers of what actually happened on the street.

bili su veliki promatrači onoga što se doista događalo na ulicama.

They watched: Where did people stop and talk?

Promatrali su: gdje se ljudi zaustavljaju i razgovaraju?

When did neighbors become friends?

Kad su susjedi postali prijatelji?

And they learned a lot.

I naučili su mnogo toga.

For example, they noticed that successful public places

Na primjer, uočili su da uspješna javna mjesta

generally have three different ways that they structure behavior.

općenito imaju tri načina strukturiranja ponašanja.

There's the built environment,

Postoji izgrađeni okoliš,

you know, that we're going to put a fountain here or a playground there.

znate, ono kad stavimo ovdje fontanu a tamo igralište.

But then, there's programming,

Zatim, postoji program,

like, let's put a band at seven and get the kids out.

kao, neka bend svira u sedam da klinci izađu.

And there's this idea of mayors,

A tu je i ideja gradonačelnika,

people who kind of take this informal ownership of a space

ljudi koji kao da koriste to neformalno vlasništvo nad prostorom

to keep it welcoming and clean.

kako bi ga održavali ugodnim i čistim.

All three of these things actually have analogues online.

Sve te tri stvari imaju analogije online.

But platforms mostly focus on code,

No platforme se većinom usredotoče na kod,

on what's physically possible in the space.

na ono što je u tom prostoru fizički moguće.

And they focus much less on these other two softer, social areas.

A mnogo manje se fokusiraju na druga dva "soft" društvena područja.

What are people doing there?

Što ljudi tamo rade?

Who's taking responsibility for it?

Tko preuzima odgovornost za to?

So like Jane Jacobs did for cities,

Kao što je Jane Jacobs učinila za gradove,

Talia and I think we need a new design movement

Talia i ja smatramo da nam je potreban novi dizajnerski pokret

for online space,

za online prostor.

one that considers

Koji neće samo pitati

not just "How do we build products that work for users or consumers?"

"Kako načiniti proizvode koji rade za korisnike ili potrošače?"

"How do we make something user-friendly?"

"Kako ovo učiniti user-friendly?",

but "How do we make products that are public-friendly?"

nego "Kako načiniti proizvode koji su 'public-friendly'?"

Because we need products that don't serve individuals

Jer su nam potrebni proizvodi koji ne služe pojedincima

at the expense of the social fabric on which we all depend.

nauštrb društvenoga tkiva o kojemu svi ovisimo.

And we need it urgently,

To nam je žurno potrebno

because political scientists tell us

jer nam politolozi kažu

that healthy democracies need healthy public spaces.

kako su za zdrave demokracije potrebni zdravi javni prostori.

So, the public-friendly digital design movement that Talia and I imagine

Dakle, digitalni public-friendly pokret koji smo Talia i ja zamislili

asks this question:

postavlja ovo pitanje:

What would this interaction be like if it was happening in physical space?

Kakva bi ta interakcija bila da se događa u fizičkom prostoru?

And it asks the reverse question:

Te postavlja i obrnuto pitanje:

What can we learn from good physical spaces

Što možemo naučiti iz dobrih fizičkih prostora

about how to structure behavior in the online world?

o tome kako strukturirati ponašanje u online svijetu?

For example, I grew up in a small town in Maine,

Ja sam, na primjer, odrastao u malom gradu u Maineu

and I went to a lot of those town hall meetings that you hear about.

i išao na mnogo onih sastanaka u gradskoj vijećnici o kojima ste čuli.

And unlike the storybook version, they weren't always nice.

Za razliku od verzije iz priče, nisu uvijek bili ugodni.

Like, people had big conflicts, big feelings ...

Ljudi su se sukobljavali, pjenili...

It was hard sometimes.

ponekad je bilo teško.

But because of the way that that space was structured,

No, zbog načina na koji je taj prostor bio strukturiran,

we managed to land it OK.

uspijevali smo sve dobro privesti kraju.

How?

Kako?

Well, here's one important piece.

Pa, tu je jedan važan dio.

The downcast glance, the dirty look,

Pogled u stranu, zločest izgled,

the raised eyebrow, the cough ...

podignuta obrva, nakašljavanje...

When people went on too long or lost the crowd,

Kad bi ljudi postali predugi ili se udaljili od publike,

they didn't get banned or blocked or hauled out by the police,

nisu dobivali zabranu niti ih je izbacivala policija.

they just got this soft, negative social feedback.

Dobili bi samo tu "soft" negativnu socijalnu povratnu informaciju.

And that was actually very powerful.

A ona je zapravo bila vrlo moćna.

I think Facebook and Twitter could build this,

Mislim da bi Facebook i Twitter mogli to napraviti,

something like this.

nešto poput toga.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

I think there are some other things that online spaces can learn

Mislim da ima i drugih stvari koje online prostori mogu naučiti

from offline spaces.

od offline prostora.

Holly Whyte observed that in healthy public spaces,

Holly Whyte je primijetila da kod zdravih javnih prostora

there are often many different places that afford different ways of relating.

postoji mnogo različitih mjesta koja pružaju različite načine odnosa.

So the picnic table where you have lunch with your family

Tako stol za piknik gdje ručate s obitelji

may not be suited for the romantic walk with a partner

možda nije prikladan za romantičnu šetnju s partnerom

or the talk with some business colleagues.

ili šetnju s kolegama s posla.

And it's worth noting that in real space,

Ne smeta što u stvarnom prostoru

in none of these places are there big, visible public signs of engagement.

ni na jednom od tih mjesta nema velikih vidljivih znakova namjene.

So digital designers could think about

Digitalni dizajneri mogli bi razmisliti

what kind of conversations do we actually want to invite,

kakve razgovore zapravo želimo dobiti

and how do we build specifically for those kinds of conversations.

i kako graditi specifično za takvu vrst razgovora.

Remember the park that we talked about that built social trust?

Sjećate li se parka koji izgrađuje društveno povjerenje?

That didn't happen because people were having these big political arguments.

To se nije dogodilo jer su ljudi imali te velike političke argumente.

Most strangers don't actually even talk to each other

Većina stranaca čak ni ne razgovara jedni s drugima

the first three or four or five times they see each other.

prvih tri, četiri ili pet puta kad se vide.

But when people, even very different people,

Ali kad ljudi, čak i vrlo različiti ljudi,

see each other a lot,

jedni druge vide često,

razvija se prisnost,

they develop familiarity,

a to stvara temelj za odnose.

and that creates the bedrock for relationships.

And I think, actually, you know,

Zapravo mislim, znate,

maybe that early idea of cyberspace as kind of this bodiless meeting place

možda nas je ta rana ideja o kiberprostoru kao nekom bestjelesnom mjestu okupljanja

of pure minds and pure ideas

čistih misli i čistih ideja

sent us off in the wrong direction.

odvela u pogrešnom smjeru.

Maybe what we need instead is to find a way to be in proximity,

Možda nam je zapravo potrebno pronaći način da budemo blizu

mostly talking amongst ourselves,

uglavnom međusobno razgovarajući,

but all sharing the same warm sun.

ali dok svi dijelimo isto toplo sunce.

And finally:

I na kraju:

healthy public spaces create a sense of ownership and equity.

zdravi javni prostori stvaraju osjećaj vlasništva i jednakosti,

And this is where the city metaphor becomes challenging.

a tu grad kao metafora postaje izazovan.

Because, if Twitter is a city,

Jer, ako je Twitter grad,

it's a city that's owned by just a few people

to je grad koji je u vlasništvu samo nekolicine ljudi,

and optimized for financial return.

optimiziran za povrat ulaganja.

I think we really need digital environments

Smatram da su nam potrebna digitalna okruženja

that we all actually have some real ownership of,

gdje svi imamo neko stvarno vlasništvo,

environments that respect the diversity of human existence

okruženja koja poštuju raznolikost ljudskog postojanja

and that give us some say and some input into the process.

i daju nam pravo glasa i utjecanja na proces.

And I think we need this urgently.

I mislim da nam to treba hitno.

Because Facebook right now --

Jer je Facebook sada

I sort of think of, like, 1970s New York.

neka vrst, recimo, New Yorka 1970-ih.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

The public spaces are decaying, there's trash in the streets,

Javni prostori propadaju, smeće je na ulicama,

people are kind of, like, mentally and emotionally

ljudi kao da se mentalno i emocionalno

warming themselves over burning garbage.

griju dok spaljuju smeće.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And --

I --

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

And the natural response to this is to hole up in your apartment

A prirodni odgovor na to je zatvoriti se u svoj stan

or consider fleeing for the suburbs.

ili razmisliti o bijegu u predgrađa.

It doesn't surprise me

Ne iznenađuje me

that people are giving up on the idea of online public spaces

da ljudi odustaju od ideje javnih online prostora

the way that they've given up on cities over their history.

kao što su tijekom povijesti odustajali od gradova.

And sometimes -- I'll be honest --

A ponekad -- bit ću iskren --

it feels to me like this whole project of, like, wiring up a civilization

osjećam da je čitav taj projekt neke vrsti ožičenja civilizacije

and getting billions of people to come into contact with each other

i dovođenja milijardi ljudi u međusobni kontakt

is just impossible.

naprosto nemoguć.

But modern cities tell us that it is possible

No, moderni gradovi nam govore da je moguće

for millions of people who are really different,

da milijuni ljudi koji su zbilja različiti

sometimes living right on top of each other,

i ponekad žive jedni iznad drugih,

not just to not kill each other,

ne samo da ne ubijaju jedni druge,

but to actually build things together,

nego zapravo grade stvari zajedno,

find new experiences,

nalaze nova iskustva,

create beautiful, important infrastructure.

stvaraju lijepu, važnu infrastrukturu.

And we cannot give up on that promise.

I ne možemo odustati od tog obećanja.

If we want to solve the big, important problems in front of us,

Ako želimo riješiti velike, važne probleme pred sobom,

we need better online public spaces.

trebamo bolje online javne prostore.

We need digital urban planners,

Trebamo digitalne urbaniste,

new Jane Jacobses,

nove Jane Jacobse,

who are going to build the parks and park benches of the online world.

koji će graditi parkove i klupe u online svijetu.

And we need digital, public-friendly architects,

Trebaju nam i digitalni, public-friendly arhitekti,

who are going to build what Eric Klinenberg calls

koji će graditi ono što je Eric Klinenberg nazvao

"palaces for the people" -- libraries and museums and town halls.

"palačama za ljude" -- knjižnice, muzeje i gradske vijećnice.

And we need a transnational movement,

Treba nam nadnacionalni pokret

where these spaces can learn from each other,

gdje ti prostori mogu učiti jedni od drugih,

just like cities have,

baš kao i gradovi

about everything from urban farming to public art to rapid transit.

o svemu: od urbane poljoprivrede do javne umjetnosti i brzog prometa.

Humanity moves forward

Čovječanstvo se kreće prema naprijed

when we find new ways to rely on and understand and trust each other.

kad nađemo nove načine da se oslonimo jedni na druge, razumijemo i vjerujemo si.

And we need this now more than ever.

I moramo to sada više nego ikad.

If online digital spaces are going to be our new home,

Ako će online digitalni prostori biti naš novi dom,

let's make them a comfortable, beautiful place to live,

pretvorimo ih u ugodno, lijepo mjesto za život,

a place we all feel not just included

mjesto gdje se svi osjećaju ne samo uključeni,

but actually some ownership of.

nego i na neki način vlasnici.

A place we get to know each other.

Mjesto gdje upoznajemo jedni druge.

A place you'd actually want not just to visit

Mjesto koje ne želiš samo posjetiti

but to bring your kids.

nego i tamo odvesti svoju djecu.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)