Is this the most valuable thing in the ocean? - David Biello

447,786 views ・ 2024-08-20

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Sarah Hong κ²€ν† : DK Kim
00:07
In 1891, newspapers reported the story of James Bartley,
0
7045
5422
1891λ…„ 신문듀은 μ œμž„μŠ€ 바틀리 사건을 λ³΄λ„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:12
a whaler who was swallowed whole by his prey.
1
12508
3420
이 고래작이 선원은 사λƒ₯κ°μ—κ²Œ ν†΅μ§Έλ‘œ μž‘μ•„λ¨Ήν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
Supposedly, Bartley spent as long as 36 hours in the belly of the beast
2
16179
5797
이야기에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ λ°”ν‹€λ¦¬λŠ” 고래 λ²  μ†μ—μ„œ 36μ‹œκ°„μ„ 보낸 후에야
00:21
before his crew caught the whale and rescued their crewmate.
3
21976
3796
λ‹€λ₯Έ 선원듀이 고래λ₯Ό λΆ™μž‘κ³  λ™λ£Œλ₯Ό κ΅¬μΆœν–ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
And this tale is far from unique.
4
25813
2544
이런 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” μ „ν˜€ νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 일이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
Various novels, myths, and religious texts depict figures swallowed at seaβ€”
5
28566
6215
λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ†Œμ„€, μ‹ ν™”, 쒅ꡐ적 λ¬Έν—Œλ“€μ€
λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ μž‘μ•„λ¨ΉνžŒ 인물듀을 λ¬˜μ‚¬ν•˜κ³  있으며
00:34
with some even making a home for themselves
6
34906
3044
μΌλΆ€λŠ” 심지어 짐승의 동꡴ 같은 μž… 속에 집을 짓기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
in the creatures’ cavernous mouths.
7
37950
2419
00:40
Unfortunately, if someone actually were swallowed by a whale,
8
40828
4296
μ•ˆνƒ€κΉκ²Œλ„ κ³ λž˜κ°€ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λ₯Ό μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ‚ΌμΌœλ²„λ Έλ‹€λ©΄
00:45
they would likely be crushed.
9
45124
1835
그듀은 μ§œλΆ€λΌμ§ˆ κ°€λŠ₯성이 ν¬μ§€λ§Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œλ“  μ‚΄μ•„λ‚¨μ•˜λ‹€λ©΄,
00:46
But if they somehow survived,
10
46959
2336
00:49
they might have a chance to escape during their captor’s bathroom break.
11
49420
4922
그듀은 λ‚©μΉ˜λ²”μ΄ ν™”μž₯싀에 갔을 λ•Œ νƒˆμΆœ 기회λ₯Ό 얻을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
Whales frequently surface to take in air
12
55009
3378
κ³ λž˜λ“€μ€ 자주 수면 μœ„λ‘œ λ– μ˜¬λΌ 곡기λ₯Ό λ“€μ΄λ§ˆμ‹œκ³ 
00:58
and let out massive plumes of waste.
13
58387
3754
폐기물을 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ 많이 λ‚΄λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:02
And while swimming in this slurry might seem more disgusting
14
62517
3461
이 λ°°μ„€λ¬Ό 수렁 μ†μ—μ„œ μˆ˜μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것이
이런 생물듀 μ†μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λŠ” 것보닀 더 μ—­κ²¨μ›Œ 보일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
01:05
than living in these creatures,
15
65978
1919
01:08
whale poop is much more desirable than it may seem.
16
68147
4338
고래 뢄변은 λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것보닀 훨씬 더 κ·€μ€‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
In fact, it may be one of the most important substances in the oceanβ€”
17
72819
4796
사싀 λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ μ•„μ£Ό μ€‘μš”ν•œ 물질 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μΌ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
and the world.
18
77865
1418
μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆκ³ μš”.
01:20
To understand why,
19
80284
1460
κ·Έ 이유λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €λ©΄,
01:21
we need to look at some of the ocean’s most ubiquitous organisms: phytoplankton.
20
81744
5631
λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ ν”ν•œ 생물인 식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:27
These creatures survive off sunlight, carbon dioxide,
21
87750
4213
이 생물듀은 ν–‡λΉ›, 이산화 νƒ„μ†Œ,
01:31
and nutrients like phosphates, nitrogen, and iron.
22
91963
4129
그리고 인산염, μ§ˆμ†Œ, μ²  같은 μ˜μ–‘λΆ„μ„ λ¨Ήκ³  μ‚΄μ•„κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:36
And since the ocean’s surface waters generally have an abundance
23
96467
3754
λŒ€μ–‘μ˜ ν‘œμΈ΅μˆ˜μ—λŠ” 일반적으둜 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μžμ›μ΄ ν’λΆ€ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
01:40
of these resources,
24
100221
1627
01:41
phytoplankton are everywhere.
25
101848
2252
식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€μ€ μ–΄λ””μ—λ‚˜ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
A single drop of seawater can contain thousands of these creatures
26
104308
4046
λ°”λ‹·λ¬Ό ν•œ λ°©μšΈμ—λŠ” 이듀이 수천 마리 λ“€μ–΄μžˆμ„ 수 있으며,
01:48
and phytoplankton blooms are large enough to be seen from space.
27
108354
4505
식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€μ΄ λŒ€λŸ‰ μ¦μ‹ν•˜λ©΄ μš°μ£Όμ—μ„œλ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ„ 만큼 ν½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
These phytoplankton then become food for countless microscopic grazers,
28
112984
4963
이 식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€μ€ μš”κ°λ₯˜μ™€ ν¬λ¦΄μƒˆμš°λ₯Ό λΉ„λ‘―ν•œ
01:58
including copepods and krill,
29
118072
2461
μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ λ―Έμ„Έ μ΄ˆμ‹ λ™λ¬Όλ“€μ˜ 먹이가 되고
02:00
which in turn feed a huge swath of marine life.
30
120533
3462
이 λ―Έμ„Έ μ΄ˆμ‹ 동물듀은 μ΄μ–΄μ„œ μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ ν•΄μ–‘ μƒλ¬Όμ˜ 먹이가 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
In this way, these surface-dwellers are the base of a food chain
31
124328
4421
이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 이 ν‘œλ©΄ κ±°μ£Όμžλ“€μ€
μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ ν•΄μ–‘ 생물을 μ§€νƒ±ν•˜λŠ” 먹이 μ‚¬μŠ¬μ˜ 바탕이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
supporting countless marine life forms.
32
128749
2795
02:11
But when phytoplankton die, their bodies can sink far below the surface,
33
131961
5464
그런데 식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€μ΄ 죽으면 μ‚¬μ²΄λŠ” 수면 ν•œμ°Έ μ•„λž˜λ‘œ 가라앉고
02:17
taking with them the carbon and iron their living peers need to survive.
34
137633
5798
λ™λ£Œκ°€ μƒμ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” 데 ν•„μš”ν•œ νƒ„μ†Œμ™€ 철뢄을 끌고 갈 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
And this is where whales come in.
35
143556
2377
λ°”λ‘œ 여기에 κ³ λž˜κ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
Hunting at these depths,
36
146142
1626
κ³ λž˜λ“€μ€ 이 κΉŠμ΄μ—μ„œ 먹이λ₯Ό 사λƒ₯ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
02:27
whales consume huge amounts of these phytoplankton predators.
37
147768
4505
식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€ ν¬μ‹μžλ₯Ό μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ 많이 μž‘μ•„λ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
For example, species like the blue whale
38
152398
2753
예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ ν°κΈ΄μˆ˜μ—Όκ³ λž˜ 같은 쒅은
02:35
can consume up to 16 tons of krill every day,
39
155276
4630
크릴을 맀일 μ΅œλŒ€ 16톀 μ„­μ·¨ν•  수 있으며,
02:40
leading them to regularly surface and release a slick of feces red with iron.
40
160239
6715
이둜 인해 수면 μœ„λ‘œ 자주 μ˜¬λΌμ™€
철뢄이 듀은 뢉은 배섀물을 λ°°μΆœν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
Through this cycle,
41
167496
1419
이 μˆœν™˜ κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ κ³ λž˜λŠ” μ‚΄μ•„μžˆλŠ” νŽŒν”„λ‘œμ„œ
02:48
whales act as a living pump to bring iron from deeper waters back to the surface.
42
168915
6631
더 κΉŠμ€ λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ ν‘œλ©΄μœΌλ‘œ 철뢄을 λŒμ–΄μ˜¬λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
However, if we take whales out of the equationβ€”
43
175671
3546
κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 수 세기에 걸친 상업적 포경이 ν•œ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
02:59
much as centuries of commercial whaling didβ€”
44
179217
2877
이 μˆœν™˜μ—μ„œ 고래λ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
03:02
this natural system starts to break down.
45
182303
3003
이 μžμ—° 체계가 λ¬΄λ„ˆμ§€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
Over enough time,
46
185765
1418
μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 많이 흘러 이런 μˆœν™˜μ΄ 깨지면
03:07
this broken cycle could lead to surface waters completely devoid of life
47
187183
5130
ν‘œλ©΄μˆ˜μ—λŠ” 생λͺ…체가 μ „ν˜€ 없을 수 있고,
03:12
and similarly major problems for us land dwellers.
48
192313
4004
μ΄λŠ” 우리 μœ‘μ§€ κ±°μ£Όμžμ—κ²Œλ„ μ‹¬κ°ν•œ 문제λ₯Ό μ΄ˆλž˜ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
Phytoplankton’s massive photosynthetic blooms
49
196484
3170
식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€μ΄ ν•˜λŠ” κ±°λŒ€ν•œ κ΄‘ν•©μ„± μž‘μš©μ€
03:19
produce as much as half of Earth’s oxygen.
50
199654
3670
μ§€κ΅¬μ—μ„œ μƒμ„±λ˜λŠ” μ‚°μ†Œμ˜ μ ˆλ°˜μ„ μ°¨μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
And in addition to taking in iron,
51
203449
2419
식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€μ€ 철뢄을 μ„­μ·¨ν•  뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
03:25
phytoplankton helps sequester huge amounts of carbonβ€”
52
205868
3462
κΈ°ν›„ 변화에 λŒ€μ²˜ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λŒ€κΈ°μ—μ„œ μ œκ±°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” μ›μ†ŒμΈ
03:29
an element we need to extract from the air to address climate change.
53
209330
4421
νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ 많이 κ²©λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 데도 도움이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
According to one report, phytoplankton are estimated to capture four times
54
214168
5380
ν•œ λ³΄κ³ μ„œμ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ 식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€μ΄ ν¬μ§‘ν•˜λŠ” νƒ„μ†ŒλŠ”
03:39
the amount of carbon contained in the plant life of the Amazon.
55
219548
4213
μ•„λ§ˆμ‘΄ 식물에 ν•¨μœ λœ νƒ„μ†Œ μ–‘μ˜ 4배에 λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
From these calculations,
56
224136
1418
μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 계산에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄,
03:45
every 1% increase in phytoplankton population
57
225554
4088
식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€ κ°œμ²΄μˆ˜κ°€ 1% 증가할 λ•Œ νƒ„μ†Œ ν¬μ§‘λŸ‰μ€
03:49
is the carbon capture equivalent of 2 billion fully grown trees
58
229642
5088
μ™„μ „νžˆ μžλž€ λ‚˜λ¬΄ 20μ–΅ 그루가 μ‚΄μ•„λ‚˜λŠ” 것과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
springing into existence.
59
234730
2127
03:57
While there’s still debate about exactly how much of this carbon
60
237066
3378
이 νƒ„μ†Œ 쀑 μ •ν™•νžˆ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ 양이
바닀에 μž₯기적으둜 머무λ₯΄λŠ”지에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ λ…ΌμŸμ˜ 여지가 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ,
04:00
stays in the ocean long term,
61
240444
2169
04:02
researchers are working to increase phytoplankton populations
62
242780
4087
μ—°κ΅¬μžλ“€μ€ 식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€ 수λ₯Ό 늘리고
04:06
and bury as much carbon as possible.
63
246993
3253
κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•œ λ§Žμ€ νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό 가두기 μœ„ν•΄ λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
Some groups are doing this simply by sprinkling iron in the ocean.
64
250663
4004
일뢀 단체듀은 κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ 바닀에 철뢄을 뿌렀 이런 일을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:14
However, this approach is much less impactful
65
254792
3045
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이런 방법은
λ°”λ‹€μ˜ μ²œμ—° 식물성 ν”Œλž‘ν¬ν†€ 농뢀듀을 μ§€μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것보닀 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ 훨씬 μ μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
than supporting the ocean’s natural phytoplankton farmers.
66
257837
4129
04:22
Whale poop’s complex matrix of nutrients is the result of millennia of co-evolution
67
262466
5840
고래 λΆ„λ³€μ˜ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ˜μ–‘μ†ŒλŠ”
이 생물듀이 수천 λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ ν•¨κ»˜ μ§„ν™”ν•œ 결과물이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
04:28
among these creatures,
68
268306
1459
04:29
making it vastly superior to cheap, man-made supplements.
69
269765
4255
κ°’μ‹Ό 인곡 μ˜μ–‘μ œλ³΄λ‹€ μ›”λ“±νžˆ λ›°μ–΄λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
Right now, whale populations are still recovering from industrial whaling.
70
274562
4796
ν˜„μž¬ 고래 κ°œμ²΄μˆ˜λŠ” 상업 고래작이둜 μΈν•œ ν”Όν•΄μ—μ„œ 아직 νšŒλ³΅ν•˜λŠ” μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
But if we can help these species rebound through whaling moratoriums,
71
279483
4338
ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 고래작이 κΈˆμ§€, 더 μ•ˆμ „ν•œ μ–΄μ—… 및 μš΄μ†‘ κ΄€ν–‰,
04:43
safer fishing and shipping practices, and cleaning up pollution,
72
283821
4129
μ˜€μ—Ό μ •ν™”λ₯Ό 톡해 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 쒅듀이 νšŒλ³΅λ˜λ„λ‘ λ„μšΈ 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
04:48
it would do wonders for restoring this nutrient cycle.
73
288117
3462
μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ˜μ–‘ μˆœν™˜μ„ νšŒλ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 데 큰 도움이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:51
And even when these newly protected whales die natural deaths,
74
291704
4212
그리고 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 보호 λŒ€μƒμ΄ 된 κ³ λž˜λ“€μ΄ μžμ—°μ—μ„œ μ£½λŠ”λ‹€ 해도
04:55
they'll still be fighting climate change.
75
295916
2253
μ—¬μ „νžˆ κΈ°ν›„ 변화에 λ§žμ„œ μ‹ΈμšΈ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:58
Not only can a whale’s body sequester up to 33 tons of carbon
76
298252
4379
고래의 λͺΈμ€ ν•΄μ €μ—μ„œ
νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό μ΅œλŒ€ 33톀 격리할 수 μžˆμ„ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
05:02
at the bottom of the ocean,
77
302631
1711
05:04
but their remains can also become an entire ecosystemβ€”
78
304342
4379
고래 사체 자체둜 ν•œ μƒνƒœκ³„κ°€ λ˜μ–΄
05:08
continuing to support life both above and below the surface.
79
308888
5589
수면과 ν•΄μ €μ—μ„œ 생λͺ…을 계속 지탱할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7