Why do we eat popcorn at the movies? - Andrew Smith

927,895 views ・ 2023-04-20

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Junghyun Park κ²€ν† : Hyeryung Kim
00:07
Soft percussion and a toasty scent mark the violent transformation
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탁탁 ν„°μ§€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬μ™€ κ³ μ†Œν•œ ν–₯은 λ”±λ”±ν•œ μ˜₯수수 μ•Œκ°±μ΄κ°€
00:12
of tough seeds into cloud-like puffs.
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κ΅¬λ¦„μ²˜λŸΌ ν­μ‹ ν•œ 과자둜 λ³€ν–ˆμŒμ„ μ•Œλ¦¬λŠ” μ‹ ν˜Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:15
This is the almost magical process of popcorn-making.
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이것은 λ§ˆλ²•κ³Όλ„ 같은 팝콘 λ§Œλ“€κΈ°μ˜ κ³Όμ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
But how did we actually end up with this whimsical food?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ 이 κΈ°λ°œν•œ μŠ€λ‚΅μ€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 발λͺ…λœ κ±ΈκΉŒμš”?
00:24
All the corn eaten today is derived from a tall grass called teosinte,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ νŒμ½˜μ€ β€˜ν…Œμ˜€μ‹ ν…Œβ€™λΌλŠ” μ˜₯수수 ν’ˆμ’…μ—μ„œ μœ λž˜λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
which Indigenous people in what is now southern Mexico
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ν˜„μž¬ λ©•μ‹œμ½” λ‚¨λΆ€λ‘œ λΆ„λ₯˜λ˜λŠ” μ§€μ—­μ˜ 토착민듀이
00:33
began selectively breeding about 9,000 years ago.
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μ•½ 9,000λ…„ μ „λΆ€ν„° 선택 μž¬λ°°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” ν’ˆμ’…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
An ear of teosinte originally yielded somewhere between 5 and 12 small kernels,
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μ›λž˜λŠ” μ˜₯수수 ν•œ 그루 λ‹Ή β€˜κ³Όν”Όβ€™λΌλŠ” λ”±λ”±ν•œ 껍질이 뢙은
00:44
each with a hard shell called a pericarp.
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5-12개의 λ‚±μ•Œμ΄ λ‚˜μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
And some varieties had a fantastic feature:
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일뢀 λ³€μ’… ν’ˆμ’…λ“€μ€ λ†€λΌμš΄ νŠΉμ§•μ„ 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
if they reached a certain temperature, their kernels exploded.
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νŠΉμ • μ˜¨λ„μ— λ‹¬ν•˜λ©΄ μ•Œλ§Ήμ΄μ˜ κ³Όν”Όκ°€ ν„°μ§€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:56
Popcorn kernels pop because water and starch
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팝콘의 κ³Όν”ΌλŠ” κ·Έ μ•ˆμ— λ“€μ–΄μžˆλŠ” λ¬Όκ³Ό μ „λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ 인해
00:59
are sealed tightly within the pericarp.
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ν­λ°œν•˜λ“― ν„°μ§€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:02
When heated, the moisture inside becomes steam.
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열을 κ°€ν•˜λ©΄ λ‚΄λΆ€μ˜ μˆ˜λΆ„μ΄ κ°€μ—΄λ˜λ©΄μ„œ
01:06
As it expands, it increases the internal pressure
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νŒ½μ°½ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ–΄ λ‚΄λΆ€ μ••λ ₯이 μ¦κ°€ν•˜κ³ 
01:10
and the solid starch transforms into a gel-like substance.
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λ”±λ”±ν•œ 전뢄은 저리 같은 물질둜 λ³€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
The pressure finally overcomes the pericarp’s resistance and it burstsβ€”
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λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄ μ••λ ₯이 컀져 λ”±λ”±ν•œ κ³Όν”Όκ°€ 뚫리며 터지고
01:19
the steam and starch expanding to form a foam
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증기와 전뢄이 νŒ½μ°½ν•˜μ—¬ κ±°ν’ˆμ„ ν˜•μ„±ν•œ ν›„
01:23
that quickly cools and dries in the air.
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곡기 μ€‘μ—μ„œ λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ μ‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:26
From this small-scale explosion also rush forth the compounds
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μž‘μ€ 폭발 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ ν™”ν•™ λ°˜μ‘μ΄ μ΄‰λ°œλ˜μ–΄
01:31
that give popcorn its powerful aroma.
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팝콘 특유의 ν–₯이 λ‚˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
Ancient Indigenous American people cultivated other maize varieties
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κ³ λŒ€ 아메리카 토착민듀은 μ•Œλ§Ήμ΄κ°€ 크고 맛은 ν’λΆ€ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
01:38
with larger, more flavorful kernels and thinner pericarps.
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κ³Όν”ΌλŠ” 더 얇은 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ˜₯수수 ν’ˆμ’…λ“€λ„ μž¬λ°°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
But the hard-shelled, poppable variety also persisted
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ³Όν”Όκ°€ λ”±λ”±ν•˜κ³  ν„°μ§€λŠ” ν’ˆμ’…λ„ 계속 μž¬λ°°ν•˜μ—¬
01:47
and spread through parts of the Americas.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 아메리카 λŒ€λ₯™μ—λ„ 널리 νΌμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
By the time European colonizers arrived in the late 1400s,
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1400λ…„λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜ 유럽의 식민 κ°œμ²™μžλ“€μ΄ λ‹Ήλ„ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
01:54
Indigenous American people were preparing and eating corn in myriad manners.
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원주민듀은 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ‘°λ¦¬λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μ˜₯수수λ₯Ό λ¨Ήκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:59
Popcorn wasn’t a major part of their diets.
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νŒμ½˜μ€ 인기 μžˆλŠ” 쑰리법은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:02
But it popped up in European accounts,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 유럽 κ΅­κ°€μ—μ„œλŠ” β€œκ΅¬μš΄β€ ν˜Ήμ€ β€œμˆ˜λΆ„μ„ 날린”
02:05
which described the preparation of β€œtoasted” or β€œparched” corn
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μ˜₯수수 쑰리법과 ν•¨κ»˜ 일뢀 μ•„μ¦ˆν… λ¬Έν™”μ˜
02:09
and its use in some Aztec feasts and celebrations.
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μž”μΉ˜ μŒμ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ†Œκ°œλ˜μ–΄ 인기λ₯Ό μ–»κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
Despite initial reluctance,
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μ²˜μŒμ—λŠ” 저항이 μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:15
colonizers eventually began cultivatingβ€” and poppingβ€” corn.
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식민 κ°œμ²™μžλ“€μ€ κ²°κ΅­ μ˜₯수수λ₯Ό μž¬λ°°ν•˜κ³  νŒμ½˜μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
The methods they used at first were inconsistent and messy.
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초창기 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 방식은 일관성도 μ—†κ³  μ—‰λ§μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
But with the invention of β€œwire over the fire” baskets around 1837,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 1837λ…„ κ²½, β€λΆˆ μœ„μ— μ²  λ°”κ΅¬λ‹ˆβ€ λΌλŠ”
02:29
the process got easier.
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방식이 개발되며 팝콘 μ œμ‘°κ°€ 더 μ‰¬μ›Œμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:30
Soon, popcorn picked up steam
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곧 νŒμ½˜μ€ 점차 인기λ₯Ό μ–»μ–΄
02:33
and exploded with a reputation as a low-cost, entertaining snack.
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μ €λ ΄ν•˜κ³  μž¬λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” κ°„μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λͺ…성을 λ–¨μΉ˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
Over the following decades,
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μˆ˜μ‹­ λ…„μ˜ 세월이 흐λ₯΄λ©΄μ„œ
02:39
it became a mainstay at events and hundreds of recipes materialized,
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νŒμ½˜μ€ ν–‰μ‚¬μ˜ 쀑심 메뉴가 되고 달고 풍미 μžˆλŠ” 재료λ₯Ό μ²¨κ°€ν•œ
02:43
mixing popcorn with sweet and savory ingredients.
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수백 개의 팝콘 쑰리법이 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
But popcorn hadn't yet reached its height.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ•Œκ°€ 팝콘의 μ „μ„±κΈ°λŠ” 아직 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
At the 1893 World’s Fair, an inventor showcased the first popcorn machine:
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1893λ…„ 만ꡭ λ°•λžŒνšŒμ—μ„œ ν•œ 발λͺ…κ°€κ°€ 양념을 λ„£μœΌλ©΄
02:56
a wagon that tossed popcorn in seasoning as it cooked.
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팝콘이 쑰리 λ˜λŠ” 졜초의 μ΄λ™ν˜• 팝콘 기계λ₯Ό μ„ λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
Soon enough, vendors could be seen roving US city streets with similar machines.
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곧 미ꡭ에선 팝콘 기계λ₯Ό λ“  νŒλ§€μƒλ“€μ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:06
Interestingly, movie theaters were some of the only American venues
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μž¬λ―ΈμžˆλŠ” 것은 κ·Ήμž₯이 κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ νŒμ½˜μ„ λ³Ό 수 μ—†λŠ”
03:11
where you wouldn’t find popcorn at the time.
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λͺ‡ μ•ˆλ˜λŠ” μž₯μ†Œ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜€λ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:14
Many cinema operators saw their establishments
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λ§Žμ€ κ·Ήμž₯ μš΄μ˜μžλ“€μ€ νŒμ½˜μ„ μ €μ†ν•œ 길거리 μŒμ‹μœΌλ‘œ
03:17
as part of a grand theater tradition at odds with popcornβ€”
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κ°„μ£Όν•˜μ—¬ λŒ€κ·Ήμž₯의 일뢀인 μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ μ „ν†΅κ³ΌλŠ”
03:21
what they considered a messy, low-brow street food.
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μ–΄μšΈλ¦¬μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
However, when the Great Depression hit in 1929,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 1929λ…„ λŒ€κ³΅ν™©μ΄ 미ꡭ을 κ°•νƒ€ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
03:28
movies provided the public with a welcome distraction.
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μ˜ν™”λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­ μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ κΈ°λΆ„ μ „ν™˜ μˆ˜λ‹¨μ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
And they had recently gone from being silent and subtitled to acquiring sound,
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λ•Œλ§ˆμΉ¨ 무성 μžλ§‰μ΄λ˜ μ˜ν™”κ°€ μœ μ„± μ˜ν™”λ‘œ λ°œμ „λ˜λ©΄μ„œ
03:37
making them accessible to a wider audience,
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κ·Ήμž₯은 문맹을 ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ—¬ 더 λ§Žμ€ κ΄€λžŒκ°μΈ΅μ„
03:39
including non-literate people.
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확보할 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
At about five or ten cents a bag,
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ν•œ 봉지에 5-10μ„ΌνŠΈ κ°€κ²©μ˜
03:44
popcorn proved an inexpensive luxury for moviegoers,
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νŒμ½˜μ€ κ΄€λžŒκ°λ“€μ—κ²Œ μž‘μ€ μ‚¬μΉ˜λ‘œ μžλ¦¬μž‘μ•˜κ³ 
03:48
so theater operators pounced on the money-making opportunity.
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κ·Ήμž₯ μš΄μ˜μžλ“€μ€ 수읡 μ°½μΆœμ„ μœ„ν•΄ 팝콘 νŒλ§€μ— 열을 μ˜¬λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
Today, a medium bag of popcorn might cost about 60 cents to make,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  쀑간 μ‚¬μ΄μ¦ˆ 팝콘의 제쑰 μ›κ°€λŠ” 60μ„ΌνŠΈ μ •λ„μ§€λ§Œ
03:57
but retail for around $6β€” a 1,000% markup.
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μ†Œλ§€κ°€λŠ” 6λ‹¬λŸ¬λ‘œ μ•½ 1,000%λ‚˜ λ†’μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
Popcorn sales generate nearly 40% of all movie theater profits,
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팝콘 νŒλ§€λŠ” κ·Ήμž₯ 수읡의 μ•½ 40%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λ©°
04:08
helping to offset the high prices that theaters pay film studios.
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κ·Ήμž₯이 μ˜ν™” μ œμž‘μ‚¬μ— μ§€λΆˆν•˜λŠ” 높은 λΉ„μš©μ„ μƒμ‡„μ‹œμΌœ μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:13
Over the last century, people throughout the Americas continued popping corn,
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μ§€λ‚œ μ„ΈκΈ° λ™μ•ˆ μ•„λ©”λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 계속 νŒμ½˜μ„ μ œμ‘°ν–ˆμœΌλ©°
04:17
and different preparations took hold in markets worldwide.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μ˜ 판맀 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μ „ 세계 μ‹œμž₯을 μž₯μ•…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
When microwavable popcorn was launched in the 1980s,
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1980λ…„λŒ€ μ „μžλ ˆμΈμ§€ 쑰리용 팝콘이 μΆœμ‹œ λ˜λ©΄μ„œ
04:26
popcorn popped off yet again.
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νŒμ½˜μ€ λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œλ²ˆ μ „μ„±κΈ°λ₯Ό λ§žμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:28
Dozens of kinds of popcorn are now grown in the US.
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ν˜„μž¬ λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” μˆ˜μ‹­ κ°€μ§€μ˜ μ˜₯수수 ν’ˆμ’…μ΄ μž¬λ°°λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
Different strains assume distinctive shapes when their kernels explode,
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각기 λ‹€λ₯Έ ν’ˆμ’…λ“€μ€ μ™Έν”Όκ°€ ν„°μ§ˆ λ•Œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ”λ°
04:36
most commonly taking so-called β€œmushroom” and β€œbutterfly” forms.
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κ°€μž₯ ν”ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλŠ” β€œλ²„μ„―β€ λ˜λŠ” β€œλ‚˜λΉ„β€ λͺ¨μ–‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:41
And they’ve been bred for supreme poppability.
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μ˜₯μˆ˜μˆ˜λ“€μ€ 팝콘 μ œμ‘°μ— μ΅œμ ν™”λ˜μ–΄ μƒμ‚°λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:44
Over the last century, the amount that popcorn expands has doubled:
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μ§€λ‚œ μ„ΈκΈ°λ₯Ό 거치며 팝콘이 νŒ½μ°½ν•˜λŠ” 양은 두 λ°° 정도 μ»€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
now, kernels can reach up to 50 times their original size upon popping.
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ν˜„μž¬, μ™„μ„±λœ 팝콘의 λΆ€ν”ΌλŠ” μ›λž˜ λ‚Ÿμ•Œ λΆ€ν”Όμ˜ 50λ°°κΉŒμ§€ μ»€μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
Not to be corny, but popcorn’s come a long way.
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μ‹œμ‹œν•œ μ˜₯μˆ˜μˆ˜κ°€ 팝콘이 λ˜κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ κΈ΄ μ—¬μ •μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
This video was made possible with support from Marriott Hotels.
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-이 λΉ„λ””μ˜€λŠ” λ©”λ¦¬μ–΄νŠΈ ν˜Έν…”μ˜ ν›„μ›μœΌλ‘œ μ œμž‘ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
With over 590 hotels and resorts across the globe,
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μ „ 세계 μ•½ 590κ³³ μ΄μƒμ˜ λ©”λ¦¬μ–΄νŠΈ ν˜Έν…”&λ¦¬μ‘°νŠΈλŠ”
05:07
Marriott Hotels celebrates the curiosity that propels us to travel.
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ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ„ μžκ·Ήν•˜μ—¬ 우리의 μ—¬ν–‰ μš•κ΅¬λ₯Ό 뢈러 μΌμœΌν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
Check out some of the exciting ways TED-Ed and Marriott are working together
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TED-Ed와 λ©”λ¦¬μ–΄νŠΈκ°€ ν•¨κ»˜ν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν˜‘μ—…λ“€λ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ 
05:16
and book your next journey at Marriott Hotels.
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ λ‹€μŒ 여행을 λ©”λ¦¬μ–΄νŠΈμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜μ„Έμš”!
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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