Hard vs Hardly Adverb Meaning, Difference, Grammar, with Example English Sentences

41,305 views ใƒป 2021-11-20

Shaw English Online


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Sometimes my students come to me. And they say, โ€˜Teacher, I worked so hardly.โ€™
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ๆ™‚ใ€…็”Ÿๅพ’ใŸใกใŒ็งใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€Œๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
00:07
Guys, this is the last thing you want to tell your teacher.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใซ่จ€ใ„ใŸใใชใ„ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:12
I think it's time for me to let you know the difference between โ€˜hardโ€™ and โ€˜hardlyโ€™.
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ใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใจใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ†ๆ™‚ๆœŸใŒๆฅใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:16
Let's get to it.
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ใ•ใ‚ใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:21
My name is Fanny. And in this video, I'm going to tell you about
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒ•ใ‚กใƒ‹ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€
00:26
the difference between โ€˜hardโ€™ and โ€˜hardlyโ€™.
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ใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใจใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„
00:29
Because so many of my students keep making this huge mistake
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใฎๅคšใใŒ
00:34
they use hardly as an adverb and this is incorrect, ok?
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใปใจใ‚“ใฉไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใฎๅคงใใช้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:38
So it's time to fix that mistake.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ๆœŸใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:42
Let's look at some example sentences together.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:46
Ok, so if I say,
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ใงใฏใ€
00:47
โ€˜I'm a quick runner.โ€™ or โ€˜I run quickly.โ€™
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ่ตฐใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้€Ÿใ„ใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ็งใฏ้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
00:51
The meaning is the exact same.
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅ…จใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:54
There's no difference.
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้•ใ„ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:56
But in the first sentence, I use an adjective.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:59
โ€˜I'm a quick runner.โ€™
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ่ตฐใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้€Ÿใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:01
And it describes a noun.
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ใใ—ใฆๅ่ฉžใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:03
Because as you know, an adjective describes a noun.
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ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฏๅ่ฉžใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:06
In the second sentence,
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€
01:08
โ€˜I run quickly.'
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:10
I go with an adverb.
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:12
That describes a verb.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:14
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
01:15
Most of the time,
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
01:17
you can go from an adjective to an adverb
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ใ€Œlyใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใซ็งป่กŒใงใใพใ™
01:20
by adding โ€˜lyโ€™.
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ใ€‚
01:22
So from 'quick',
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œquickใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰
01:24
we have the adverb 'quickly'.
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ€Œquicklyใ€ใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:27
Same thing goes for the second sentence,
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ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใŒ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ใซใ‚‚ๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:30
Well, the third actually.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:32
โ€˜She's a beautiful dancer.'
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ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็พŽใ—ใ„ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:34
'She dances beautifully.โ€™
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ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็พŽใ—ใ่ธŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:38
The meaning is the same,
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ™
01:39
but in the first sentence, we use an adjective.
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ใŒใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:43
'She's a beautiful dancer,' it describes a noun.
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ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็พŽใ—ใ„ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใงใ™ใ€ใจๅ่ฉžใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:47
โ€˜She dances beautifully.โ€™
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ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็พŽใ—ใ่ธŠใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:49
That's an adverb
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉž
01:51
โ€˜beautifullyโ€™
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ใ€Œ็พŽใ—ใใ€
01:52
We added โ€˜lyโ€™.
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ใซใ€Œlyใ€ใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:55
So when you say,
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ใใ‚Œใง
01:56
โ€˜You're a hard worker.โ€™
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŠชๅŠ›ๅฎถใงใ™ใญใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€‚
01:58
You might think that you can say,
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ใ€Œใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€ ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
02:01
โ€˜You work hardly.โ€™
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ใ€‚
02:03
You add โ€˜lyโ€™,
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ใ€Œlyใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
02:05
go from an adjective to an adverb. Right?
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅณ๏ผŸ
02:09
Well, I'm sorry guys, but this doesn't work.
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็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ†ใพใใ„ใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:12
It's incorrect, because โ€˜hardโ€™ is an exception.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ใฏไพ‹ๅค–ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธๆญฃ่งฃใงใ™ใ€‚
02:17
โ€˜Hardโ€™ is an adjective and an adverb.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
02:21
It's the same word.
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ๅŒใ˜่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
02:22
So you will say,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
02:24
โ€˜You work hard.โ€™
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ใ€Œ้ ‘ๅผตใฃใฆใ‚‹ใญใ€ ใฃใฆ่จ€ใ†ใ‚“ใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:27
Okay? โ€˜You're a hard worker.โ€™
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŠชๅŠ›ๅฎถใงใ™ใญใ€‚ใ€
02:28
โ€˜You work hard.โ€™
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'ใ‚ˆใๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚'
02:30
โ€˜Hard is an adverb as well.โ€™
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ใ€Œใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚‚ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:33
Now, the word โ€˜hardlyโ€™ does exist in the English language.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:38
The problem is that the meaning is completely different.
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ๅ•้กŒใฏๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๅ…จใ้•ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:44
โ€˜hardlyโ€™ means almost not.
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ใ€Œใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€ใฏใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:48
So actually, when you say,
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ใใ‚ŒใงๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€
02:51
โ€˜You hardly work.โ€™ Or โ€˜You work hardly.โ€™
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใ€‚ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅƒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
02:55
It means, you practically don't work.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ่ณช็š„ใซใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:58
You really don't work.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไป•ไบ‹ใ—ใฆใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
03:00
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
03:01
So you'll understand if you tell me,
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€
03:03
โ€˜I work hardly.โ€™
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ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:05
I'm gonna get really angry.
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ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ€’ใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
03:08
Okay?
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03:08
So this is a huge mistake that you need to fix.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅคงใใช้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:12
The adverb of the adjective โ€˜hardโ€™ is โ€˜hardโ€™.
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€Œ็กฌใ„ใ€ใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:15
And โ€˜hardlyโ€™ means almost not.
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ใ€Œใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€ใจใฏใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:19
So for example, โ€˜I work hardly.โ€™ means
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅƒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
03:23
โ€˜I almost don't work.โ€™
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ใ€Œใปใจใ‚“ใฉไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€ ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ ใ€‚
03:25
And โ€˜I work hard.โ€™
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ็งใฏไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:27
means โ€˜I work a lot.โ€™
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅƒใใพใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:30
I hope you understands the difference between โ€˜hardlyโ€™ and โ€˜hardโ€™.
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ใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใจใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใŒ็†่งฃใงใใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€
03:36
It is a common mistake, but you need to fix it now
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ไธŠๆ‰‹ใช่‹ฑ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ
03:40
if you want to be a good English speaker.
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ใ€ไปŠใ™ใไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:46
Thank you guys for watching my video.
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็งใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
03:48
I hope you liked it.
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ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:49
And if you did, please show use your support.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใœใฒใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆดป็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:52
Click 'like'.
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ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญใ€ใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:53
Subscribe to the channel
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ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒ
03:55
Put your comments below and share this video.
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ไปฅไธ‹ใซใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ—ใฆใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:57
See you.
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ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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