Phrasal Verbs - English Vocabulary

片語動詞 — 英文字彙

Hi, I’m Daniel.

嗨，我是Daniel。

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

歡迎來到Oxford Online English！

In this lesson, you can find out about English phrasal verbs.

在本節課裡，您可以學到 英文片語動詞。

Are you looking for a lesson which helps you to understand and use English phrasal verbs?

您正在找一個可以幫助您去理解和 使用英文片語動詞的課程嗎？

We’ll go through several useful tips in this lesson.

我們會在本課程裡介紹 幾個有用的技巧。

Before we go on, let’s think about why phrasal verbs are so important in English.

在我們繼續之前，我們來想想為什麼片語 動詞在英文裡是很重要的。

In spoken English, people use phrasal verbs all the time.

在英文口說裡，人們隨時 使用片語動詞。

In fact, you’ve already come across five phrasal verbs in this video!

事實上，您在這部影片裡看到 了五個片語動詞。

Did you notice them?

您有注意到它們了嗎？

Go back to the start and try to find them if you want.

如果您願意，回到開始， 並試著找到它們。

Let’s start with some basic information about English phrasal verbs

我們從一些與英文片語動詞 有關的基礎資訊開始。

Hi, Maria!

Hi, Maria!

Glad you could come along!

Glad you could come along!

Sorry for turning up so late.

Sorry for turning up so late.

I got on the wrong bus and then I was wandering around for ages looking for your street.

I got on the wrong bus and then I was wandering around for ages looking for your street.

Don’t worry about it.

Don’t worry about it.

Should I take my shoes off?

Should I take my shoes off?

If you don’t mind.

If you don’t mind.

Would you like something to drink before we head off?

Would you like something to drink before we head off?

Tea?

Tea?

Coffee?

Coffee?

I’m dying for a cup of coffee!

I’m dying for a cup of coffee!

Oh no!

Oh no!

We’ve run out of coffee!

We’ve run out of coffee!

I’ll pop out to the shop and pick up some more.

I’ll pop out to the shop and pick up some more.

Don’t be silly!

Don’t be silly!

We can stop by at the café on the way and I’ll get a cup to go.

We can stop by at the café on the way and I’ll get a cup to go.

Good idea!

Good idea!

Let’s go now, then.

Let’s go now, then.

Give me a minute to put my shoes back on…

Give me a minute to put my shoes back on…

There were many phrasal verbs in the dialogue.

在對話裡有很多片語動詞。

In fact, there are thirteen.

事實上，有十三個。

How many did you hear?

您聽到了多少個？

Could you write them down?

您可以寫下它們嗎？

Do you know what they mean?

您知道它們意思是什麼嗎？

If you want to practice more, go back and listen again.

如果您想要更多練習， 回頭再聽一聽。

Try to write down all thirteen phrasal verbs.

嘗試寫下所有十三個片語動詞。

The phrasal verbs you heard were:

您聽到的片語動詞是：

come along turn up

come along turn up

get on wander around

get on wander around

look for take off

look for take off

head off be dying for

head off be dying for

run out of pop out

run out of pop out

pick up stop by

pick up stop by

put on

put on

Did you get them all?

您都聽出來了嗎？

Next: what makes these verbs phrasal verbs?

接下來：什麼讓這些動詞 構成了片語動詞？

Can explain what phrasal verbs are? Phrasal verbs have two or more parts: a verb,

可以解釋一下片語動詞是什麼嗎？片語動詞 有兩個部分或更多：一個動詞、

like come, turn, get or pop, and one or more particles, like along, up, on, or around.

像是come、turn、get或pop，以及一個或更多 的介係词，像是along、up、on或around。

Some phrasal verbs exist as set phrases, like be dying for.

一些片語動詞作為固定片語 存在，像是be dying for。

You could argue that it isn’t really a phrasal verb, but it behaves like one, so we’ve

您可以爭辯說那真的不是一個片語 動詞，但是，它表現得像一個

included it here.

片語動詞，所以，在這裡， 我們把它包含在內。

Most importantly, a phrasal verb has one meaning.

最重要的是，一個片語 動詞有一個意思。

The verb and particle don’t have independent meanings.

動詞和介係詞沒有 獨立的意思。

For example, in the verb turn up, the words turn and up don’t have separate meanings.

例如，在動詞turn up，動詞 turn和up沒有單獨的意思。

The verb has two parts but one meaning.

動詞有兩個部分，但是，一個意思。

What does turn up mean, by the way?

順便說一下，turn up是什麼意思？

It means to arrive or appear.

它意思是到達或出現。

It’s a very common verb you could use in your spoken English!

那是一個您可以在您的英文口說裡 看到的很常見的動詞。

Also, the meaning of a phrasal verb can be totally different from the meaning of the

同樣，一個片語動詞的意思 可以完全地不同於

words which it’s made from.

構成它的動詞的意思。

For example, turn up has no connection with the basic meaning of turn

例如，turn up沒有和turn的 基礎意思的連接。

Finally, many phrasal verbs have more than one meaning.

最後，很多片語有 超過一個意思。

Often, the two (or sometimes three) meanings are completely separate.

通常，兩個（或者有時是三個） 意思是完全分開的。

With turn up, you can also turn up the radio, the TV, or the volume on this video if you

用turn up，您也可以turn up收音機、電視， 或者這部影片的音量，

want to make it louder!

如果您想要它更大聲的話。

So, now you know some basic information about phrasal verbs.

所以，現在您知道一些與片語動詞 有關的基礎資訊。

But, what makes phrasal verbs different from ‘normal’ verbs?

但是，什麼造成片語動詞 不同於“正常的”動詞？

Many English phrasal verbs have the same meaning as another ‘normal’ one-word verb.

很多英文片語動詞與另一個“正常”的 一字動詞有相同的含義。

For example:

例如：

turn up --> arrive head off --> leave

turn up --> arrive head off --> leave

pick up --> buy or collect

pick up --> buy or collect

Other phrasal verbs have a unique meaning.

其他片語動詞有一個唯一的意思。

For example, run out of, stop by or pop out can’t be replaced with just one verb with

例如，run out of、stop by或pop out 不能僅僅被一個意思

the exact same meaning.

完全相同的動詞取代。

Let’s practice.

我們練習一下。

Here are five phrasal verbs, and six one-word verbs.

這裡是五個片語動詞，以及 六個一字動詞。

Can you match the phrasal verbs to the one-word verbs with the same meanings?

您可以把片語動詞和有相同意思 的一字動詞配對嗎？

Be careful, because there’s one extra verb, which you don’t need!

小心，因為有一個您不需要的 額外動詞！

We’ll give you the answers in a few seconds.

我們會在幾秒鐘以內給您答案。

For now, pause the video if you want more time to think about it.

現在，如果您想要更多時間來 考慮它，暫停影片。

Ready?

準備好了嗎?

Here are the answers.

這裡是答案。

Even here, you need to be careful.

甚至是這裡，您要留意。

First, the phrasal verb and the one-word verb might not be exactly the same.

首先，片語動詞和一字動詞 不完全一樣。

For example, what does install mean?

例如，install意思是什麼？

What things can you install?

您可以install什麼東西？

You can install household goods, like washing machines or air conditioners.

您可以install 家用電器， 像是洗衣機或空調。

You can also install software on your computer or on your phone.

您也可以在您的電腦裡或您 的手機上install韌體。

The phrasal verb put in only has the first idea: you can put in a new washing machine,

片語動詞put in只有第一個意思： 您可以put in一台新的洗衣機，

but you can’t put in a new app or put in a new operating system.

但是，您不能put in一個新的應用 程式或put in一個新的作業系統。

Secondly, the phrasal verb and the one-word verb often have different registers.

其次，片語動詞和一字動詞 通常有不同的適用情形。

What does that mean?

那意思是什麼？

It means they’re used in very different situations.

那意思是它們用於 很不同的情形。

Let’s see why this matters:

我們看看為什麼這是重要的：

Hi, Maria!

Hi, Maria!

Glad you could attend!

Glad you could attend!

Sorry for appearing so late.

Sorry for appearing so late.

I boarded the wrong bus and then I was wandering for ages seeking your street.

I boarded the wrong bus and then I was wandering for ages seeking your street.

Don’t worry about it.

Don’t worry about it.

Should I remove my shoes?

Should I remove my shoes?

If you don’t mind.

If you don’t mind.

Would you like something to drink before we depart?

Would you like something to drink before we depart?

Tea?

Tea?

Coffee?

Coffee?

That was part of the same dialogue you heard before.

那是您之前聽到過的 相同對話片斷。

How was it different?

那是怎麼不同呢？

Did it sound natural to you?

您覺得自然嗎？

This time, we used one-word verbs instead of phrasal verbs in many places.

這一次，我們在很多地方用一字 動詞取代片語動詞。

I hope you heard that the dialogue sounded very strange and unnatural.

我希望您聽到對話聽起來 十分奇怪並不自然。

For example, a native speaker would almost never say sentences like these:

例如，一個母語人士幾乎肯定 從來不像這樣唸句子：

The one-word verbs are too formal, and they aren’t used in simple, spoken English like

一字動詞是太正式了， 它們不像這樣用在

this.

簡單的口說英文。

You need to use the phrasal verbs.

您要使用片語動詞。

Even when phrasal verbs and one-word verbs have the same meaning, you can’t always

甚至當片語動詞和一字動詞 有相同的意思，您不能

use them in the same way.

總是以相同的方式來用它們。

Look for and seek have the same meaning, but seek is much more formal and literary.

Look for和seek有相同的意思，但是， seek是更加正式和更文學的。

You wouldn’t use it often in conversational English.

您肯定不會常常在 英文對話裡用它。

So, in spoken English, you often need to use phrasal verbs to sound natural.

所以，在英文口說裡，您常常要使用 片語動詞來讓自己聽起來更自然。

On the other hand, because many phrasal verbs are more informal, they aren’t appropriate

在另一方面，因為很多片語動詞是 更不正式的，他們在

in formal writing.

正式書寫裡不適合。

That said, many English learners think that ‘all phrasal verbs are informal’.

那就是說，很多英文學生認為 “all phrasal verbs are informal”。

That isn’t true.

不是那樣的。

Phrasal verbs can be more formal or informal like any other words.

片語動詞像任何其他的單字那樣 可以是更正式的或更不正式的。

For example, pop out is very informal; you probably wouldn’t use it in written English.

例如，pop out是很不正式的；您 有可能不在書寫英文裡使用它。

Look for has a neutral tone, meaning you can use it in any situation.

Look for有一個中性的語氣，意思是 您可以在任何情形下使用它。

Some phrasal verbs, like draw upon, even sound quite formal.

一些片語動詞，像是draw upon， 甚至聽起來很正式。

However, when you have a phrasal verb and a one-word verb with the same meaning, like

然而，當您有一個有相同意思的片語動詞和一字動詞時， 像是

turn up and arrive, the one-word verb is generally more formal than the phrasal verb.

turn up和arrive，一字動詞一般來說是 比片語動詞更正式的。

Now, you should know what phrasal verbs are, how they’re different from ‘normal’

現在，您應當知道片語動詞是什麼了， 它們是怎麼不同於“正式的”

verbs, and when you should use phrasal verbs.

動詞，以及您應該要在什麼 時候用片語動詞。

Next, let’s turn to a very important question: how can you remember phrasal verbs?

接下來，我們轉到一個非常重要的 問題：您怎樣可以記住片語動詞？

We said before that the meaning of a phrasal verb often has no connection to the words

我們之前講過一個片語動詞的 意思通常不會和

which it’s made from.

構成它的動詞有連接。

For example, if you look up a new word in the dictionary, there’s no direct connection

例如，如果您在一本辭典裡 look up一個新單字，與 up

to the meaning of up However, prepositions in phrasal verbs aren’t

的含義沒有直接連接。然而， 片語動詞裡的介係詞

totally random.

並非完全是隨機的。

Often, the same preposition in different phrasal verbs has a similar meaning.

通常，在不同的片語動詞裡的相同 介係詞有一個相似的意思。

Look at three verbs:

看三個動詞：

go down cut down

go down cut down

turn down

turn down

The preposition down has a similar meaning in these three verbs.

介係詞down在這三個片語動詞裡 有一個相似的意思。

Do you know what connects them?

您知道什麼連接它們嗎？

Perhaps it’ll be clearer if you see them in full sentences:

如果您在完整的句子裡看它們， 可能那會更清楚：

Sales went down by 15% last year.

Sales went down by 15% last year.

I’m trying to cut down on how much coffee I drink.

I’m trying to cut down on how much coffee I drink.

Can you turn the TV down?

Can you turn the TV down?

It’s too loud.

It’s too loud.

Can you see the connection now?

現在您可以看到連接了嗎？

In these phrasal verbs, down has the idea of something decreasing.

在這些片語動詞裡，down有某些 東西正在降低的意思。

Let’s look at another example.

我們來看看另一個例子。

Here are three sentences:

這裡是三個句子：

He sent out hundreds of job applications.

He sent out hundreds of job applications.

They handed out immigration forms before we landed.

They handed out immigration forms before we landed.

The teacher gave out the worksheets.

The teacher gave out the worksheets.

These sentences contain phrasal verbs with the preposition out.

這些句子包含有帶 介係詞out的片語動詞。

Can you see what connects them?

您可以看到什麼連接它們嗎？

These three phrasal verbs: send out, hand out and give out all have the idea of ‘to

這三個片語動詞：send out、hand out和give out，所有都有“to

many people at one time.’

many people at one time.”的意思。

If he sent out hundreds of job applications, then he sent many job applications, to many

如果他sent out了幾百份求職申請， 那麼，他發送了很多求職申請

different people, all at one time.

給很多不同的人，所有都是在一次做的。

If the teacher gave out the worksheets, then she gave out many worksheets to many students

如果老師gave out 工作表單，那麼， 她一次性散發了很多

at one time.

工作表給學生們。

Again, you can see how one preposition can have a similar meaning in different phrasal

同樣，您可以看到一個介係詞在不同的 片語動詞裡怎樣可以

verbs.

有一個類似的意思。

Learning more about prepositions and how they’re used in phrasal verbs can help you to make

學習更多與介係詞有關的，以及它們 怎樣用在片語動詞可以幫助

connections like these and remember phrasal verbs more easily!

您去建立像這樣的連接，並更 容易地記住片語動詞！

Let’s see one more practical tip to help you learn and remember English phrasal verbs.

我們再看一個幫助您學習和記憶 英文片語動詞的實用技巧。

So far, you’ve seen that:

到目前為止，您已經看到它了：

The meaning of a phrasal verb often has no connection to the meaning of the words which

片語動詞的意思通常與那些構成 它的單字的意思

it’s made of.

沒有連接。

Phrasal verbs can have more than one meaning.

片語動詞可以有一種以上的意思。

And: Using phrasal verbs correctly depends heavily on register, not just on meaning.

以及：正確地使用片語動詞很大程度上 取決於語境，而不僅僅是意思。

Why are these things important for remembering phrasal verbs?

為什麼這些事情對於 記住片語動詞是重要的？

They’re important because it’s very hard to learn and remember phrasal verbs without

它們重要是因為沒有上下文， 要學習和記住片語動詞

context.

是很難的。

For example, if you learn vocabulary by writing down the translation in your language, and

例如，如果您用寫下您的母語翻譯 的方式來學習字彙，然後，

then trying to memorise the translation, you’ll have big problems remembering and using phrasal

試著去記憶翻譯，您會在 記憶和使用片語動詞上

verbs.

有大問題。

Actually, this is true for all vocabulary learning, but it’s especially true with

實際上，這適用於所有的字彙 學習，但是，特別適用於

phrasal verbs.

片語動詞。

You’ll end up with a list of verbs that look very similar to you: look up, look up

結果您會得到一個對您來說看起來 很相似的動詞列表：look up、

to, look down on, look through, look around, look after…

look up to、look down on、look through、 look around、look after…

It’s too hard!

那太難了！

So, practice good vocabulary learning habits with phrasal verbs.

所以，用片語動詞來養成 良好的字彙學習習慣。

Make sure you learn phrasal verbs in full sentences.

確定您在一個完整的 句子裡學習片語動詞。

If possible, the sentences should mean something to you.

如果可能，句子對您來說 應當是有意義的。

Try to take example sentences from things you read or heard which were interesting for

試著從您讀到的、聽到的、對您 來說是有趣的事情裡去

you.

找例句。

You could even take examples from conversations you had in English, so long as you’re confident

您甚至可以從您講英文的對話裡面 找例句，只要您自信您

you can remember the sentences correctly.

可以正確地記住句子。

Let’s practice; here are three phrasal verbs from this lesson:

我們來練習；這裡是取自本節 課的三個片語動詞：

come along head off

come along head off

pop out

pop out

Can you make an example sentence with each verb?

您可以用每一個片語動詞 造一個例句嗎？

Try to make something relevant to you and your life.

試著造一些與您或您的 生活相關的。

Do it now; pause the video, and write down your three sentences.

現在做，暫停影片，並寫下 您的三個句子。

Ready?

準備好了嗎？

Here are some suggestions.

這裡是一些建議。

Of course, your sentences will be different.

當然，您的句子會是不同的。

That’s fine.

那很好。

However, if you’re not sure that your sentences are correct, it’s important to check.

然而，如果您不確定您的句子是 正確的，檢查一下是重要的。

Ask a friend or a teacher.

詢問一位朋友或一位老師。

Otherwise, you’ll learn the words wrong.

否則，您會學錯單字。

Here are our suggested sentences:

這裡是我們建議的句子：

Do you want to come along to the cinema tonight?

Do you want to come along to the cinema tonight?

It’s getting late, so I think I’ll head off.

It’s getting late, so I think I’ll head off.

I think she’s popped out to get something for lunch.

I think she’s popped out to get something for lunch.

Now, you have your example sentences, and hopefully you’ve checked that they’re

現在，您有您的例句，希望您 有檢查它們，它們是

correct.

正確的。

What next?

接下來是什麼？

Use a digital flashcard app such as Quizlet, or Anki.

使用一個數位閃示卡應用程式， 像是Quizlet，或Anki。

Put your sentences in as questions with the phrasal verbs replaced with gaps.

把您的包含有帶空格的片語動詞的 句子當做問題放到裡面。

For example: You can make the questions easier or more

例如：您可以通過刪除較少的 或更多的字母來造較

difficult by removing fewer or more letters.

簡單的，或更複雜的問題。

If you haven’t used Quizlet, Anki or anything like that before, then we recommend checking

如果您之前沒有用過Quizlet、Anki或 任何像那樣的應用程式，那麼，

them out.

我們推薦您看一下它們。

There are links below the video.

在影片下方有連接。

Also, we highly recommend making more than one card for each verb.

我們也強烈推薦為每個動詞 製作一張以上的卡片。

For example: Again, you can make some cards easier and

例如：同樣，您可以做一些 較簡單的卡片和

some cards more difficult.

寫更難的句子。

Review your cards regularly, and you’ll find it easy to remember English phrasal verbs,

有規律地複習您的卡片，您會發現 記住英文片語動詞是容易的，

because you’ll be learning them in context.

因為您會在上下文裡學習它們。

Remember that you can find more great free English lessons on our website: Oxford Online

記住您可以在我們的網站上找到 更多很棒的免費英文課程：

English dot com.

Oxford Online English dot com.

See you next time!

下次見！

Thanks for watching!

感謝觀看！