Adjective Order in English - English Grammar Lesson

英语语法 - 形容词词序

Oh, hello.

哦！您好。我是奥利。欢迎来到 Oxford Online English。抱歉，我只是站在这里。

I'm Oli.

Welcome to Oxford Online English.

Sorry, I'm just standing here.

I'm drinking a cup of a strong Italian black coffee.

我在喝一杯浓的意大利黑咖啡。等等，这是黑色的意大利浓咖啡吗？

Wait, is it black Italian strong coffee?

That doesn't sound right.

那听起来不对劲。意大利黑浓咖啡？无论如何，在本课中您可以学到

Italian black strong coffee?

Anyway, in this lesson you can learn how to put adjectives in the right order.

如何将形容词按正确的顺序排列。

Let's go back to the example I was having so many problems with.

让我们回到我的例子。这么多问题。您想把

You want to use the words "coffee," "black," "Italian," and "strong" all together.

单词“coffee”、“black”、“Italian”和“strong”全部结合在一起用。他们可以有很多不同的

They can go in many different orders.

顺序。哪个是对的？ “Strong black Italian coffee,“ ”Strong Italian black coffee,“ ”Black

Which is correct?

"Strong black Italian coffee," "Strong Italian black coffee," "Black strong Italian coffee,"

strong Italian coffee,“ ”Black Italian strong coffee,“ ”Italian black strong coffee,“或

"Black Italian strong coffee," "Italian black strong coffee," or "Italian strong black coffee?"

“Italian strong black coffee?”您认为怎样？只有一种可能性，或者是

What do you think?

Is there only one possibility, or is there more than one right answer?

有不止一个正确的答案？想一想它。

Think about it.

There is only one possibility, "strong black Italian coffee."

只有一种可能性，“strong black Italian coffee.“您知道为什么这会是

Do you know why this is the right answer?

正确答案？在英文中，我们在名词之前按特定顺序排列

In English when we use several adjectives before a noun, the adjectives have to go in

使用几个形容词。当然，如果您在形容词顺序上犯了一个错误，

a particular order.

Of course your meaning will still be clear if you make a mistake with adjective order.

您要表达的意思仍然是清楚的。这不是一个大问题。但是，如果有人在形容词顺序上犯了错误

It's not a big problem.

However, it is very noticeable especially to native speakers if someone makes a mistake

它对英文是母语的人来说，特别引人注目。

with adjective order.

So if you want your English to sound correct and natural, you need to learn how to use

所以，如果您想要您的英文听起来正确而且很自然，您需要学习如何使用

adjectives in the correct order.

正确的形容词顺序。让我们从一个您可以用的简单规则开始吧。规则

Let's start with a simple rule that you can use.

Rule number one: opinions go first, facts go second.

一：观点第一，事实第二。你会在一分钟内看到形容词顺序

The full rules for adjective order, which you'll see in a minute, are complicated and

的完整规则，很复杂不太实际。但是，有一个简单的

not very practical.

However, there is a simple rule which you can use.

您可以用的规则。

Adjectives which describe an opinion go before adjectives which describe a fact.

描述观点的形容词置于描述事实的形容词之前。例如，

For example, adjectives like 'nice', 'beautiful', 'useful', or 'delicious' all describe opinions.

形容词如“nice”、“beautiful“、”useful“'，或者“delicious”都描述了意见。只是

Just because you describe something as delicious, it doesn't mean that everybody will agree

因为您描述东西很美味，这并不意味着每个人都会同意您。

with you.

形容词如"big"、”new“、”green“，或"silk"描述事实。花点时间，试试

Adjectives like 'big', 'new', 'green', or 'silk' describe facts.

Take a second, try to think of some more adjectives which describe opinions or facts.

想更多的描述观点或事实的形容词。

Think about it.

考虑一下。现在让我们用一些例子来看看我们的规则的运用。 “They live in a beautiful

Now let's see our rule in action with some examples.

"They live in a beautiful old house on the edge of the city."

old house on the edge of the city.“ “We had some delicious Korean food with some

"We had some delicious Korean food with some friends."

friends.“ ”Why are you wearing those ugly purple trousers?“ ”She has an interesting

"Why are you wearing those ugly purple trousers?"

"She has an interesting new perspective on the economic situation."

new perspective on the economic situation.“在所有這些句子中，我們在一個名詞之前用了

In all of these sentences, we used two adjectives before a noun, and you can see that the adjective

两个形容词，您可以看到观点的形容词置于先

of opinion goes first and the adjective of fact goes second.

事实形容词置于其后。

Rule two: general ideas go before specific ideas.

规则二：通用概念置于特定的概念之前。如果您不知道正确的单词顺序，

There's another general rule which works well if you don't know the correct word order.

还有另一个效果很好的通用规则。描述一个通用概念的形容词

Adjectives which describe a general idea go before adjectives which describe a specific

置于描述一个特定概念的形容词之前。 例如，如果您说，“A

idea.

For example, if you say, "A long wooden table."

long wooden table.“ "long"这个词是更多人认同的。

The word 'long' is more general.

Many things can be long in many different ways.

许多东西在很多不同的方面可以是很长的。一条街可以很长，一个故事、或一个

A street can be long, a story, or a speech can be long.

演讲可以很长。您可以度过漫长的一天等等。 "Wooden"更特定。通常

You can have a long day and so on.

'Wooden' is more specific.

Generally speaking, something can only be wooden if it's actually made of wood.

来说，如果有的东西实际上是用木头做的，它只能是木制的。所以我们把”long“

So we put 'long' first and we say, "A long wooden table."

置于前，我们说，“A long wooden table.”您能够会想到任何一个通用的

Can you think of any other adjectives which have a general meaning?

其他形容词吗？

Adjectives like 'old', 'hot', or 'small' all have a general meaning because they can be

形容词如“old”、“hot”或“small”都是具有通用意义，因为它们可以

used with many different meanings to describe many different things.

用许多不同的含义来描述许多不同的事情。另一方面，

On the other hand, adjectives like 'green', 'French' or 'straight' are more specific.

形容词如”green“、"French"或”straight“更特定。如果有东西是绿色的，

If something is green, that's quite a specific idea.

这是一个非常特定的想法。好的，我们通过一些例子来看这条规则的实际应用。

Okay, let's see this rule in action with some examples.

"He works for a small Canadian company."

“He works for a small Canadian company.” “I love these old black-and-white films.“ ”We

"I love these old black-and-white films."

"We bought a new leather sofa for the living room."

bought a new leather sofa for the living room. “ “I need to buy a really warm woolly hat. ”

"I need to buy a really warm woolly hat."

Again, we used two adjectives with each noun.

同样，我们用两个形容词来修饰名词。在每个例子，比较通用的形容词

In each case, the adjective with a more general meaning goes first, and the adjective with

都置于前，有特定意义的形容词则排在后面。

a more specific meaning goes second.

Okay, point three, let's look at the full rule.

好的，第三，让我们看看完整的规则。我们之前说过完整的形容词顺序

We said before that the full rule for adjective order is quite complicated.

规则很复杂。我向您展示这些，仅是为了您感兴趣。

I'm showing you just for your interest.

Are you ready?

您准备好了吗？完整的规则是：观点、尺寸、其他的品质、存在时间、颜色或图案、国籍

The full rule is: opinion, size, other qualities, age, color or pattern, nationality and then

然后是材料。这样理解吗？所以我们可以说些事例，“She bought a beautiful long

material.

Okay?

So we could say for example, "She bought a beautiful long warm new black-and-white striped

warm new black-and-white striped Italian silk scarf.“ 我们有观点”beautiful“ 、尺寸”long“、

Italian silk scarf."

We have opinion, 'beautiful'; the size, 'long'; another quality, 'warm'; an age, 'new'; a

品质”warm“、一个存在时间”new“、一个颜色”black-and-white“、一种图案”striped“、

color, 'black-and-white'; a pattern, 'striped'; nationality, 'Italian'; and the material,

国籍”Italian“、和成分材料”silk“。

'silk'.

那么，您需要了解这个规则吗？不，不一定。首先，它太复杂了。

So, do you need to know this rule?

No, not really.

First of all, it's too complicated.

You can't carry this around in your head and use it when you speak.

您不能记住它，并在说话时用它。其次，

Secondly, it's very rare that we use more than two or three adjectives with a noun;

我们使用两个或三个以上的形容词去修饰名词是很少见的；它几乎从未发生过。

it almost never happens.

And three, native speakers don't always follow these rules, especially when there are more

再次，母语人士并不总是遵循这些规则，特别是当有

than two or three adjectives.

超过两个或三个形容词时。所以在这些情况下您做的并不是什么大问题。

So it doesn't matter so much what you do in those cases.

However, this doesn't mean that adjective order doesn't matter, it does.

但是，这并不意味着形容词顺序并不是问题，确实如此。

If you make a mistake like, "She has black straight short hair," this sounds a bit strange,

如果您犯了一个错误，比如“She has black straight short hair,“这听起来有点奇怪，

a bit wrong, and native speakers will hear and notice mistakes like these.

有点错误，母语人士会听到并留意到这些错误。好的，第四部分，

Okay, part four, let's look at some advice you can use, and let's review what we've talked

让我们来看看对您有用的建议。让我们回顾一下我们所谈论的内容。

about.

Point one: trust your instinct.

第一点：相信您的直觉。如果它听起来是对的，它可能就是对的。如果听起来不对，

If it sounds right, it probably is.

If it sounds wrong, it probably is.

它可能就是不对的。第二点：记住基本规则：通用的置于特定的之前，摆观点的置于

Point two: remember the basic rules: general before specific, opinion before fact.

事实之前。

These rules can help you in most of the situations you will meet in everyday speaking.

这些规则可以在您日常生活所遇到的大多数情形中帮到您。

That's the end of the lesson.

本课程结束了。非常感谢观看。希望您觉得它有用。

Thanks very much for watching.

I hope you found it useful.

Do you want some more practice with this?

您想要更多的练习吗？好吧，到我们的网站：oxfordonlineenglish.com

Well, check out the full version of the lesson on our website, oxfordonlineenglish.com.

看一下我们课程的完整版本。您还可以看到许多其他免费的英文课程。

You can also see many other free English lessons.

That's all for today.

今天的全部课程就是这些了。再次感谢！下次见。再见！

Thanks again!

I'll see you next time.

Bye-bye!