A Secret Way How to Understand and Speak English like an American

81,103 views ใƒป 2014-11-06

Go Natural English


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุชุชู… ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ุง ุขู„ูŠู‹ุง.

00:00
GNE 9: "A Secret Way How to Understand and Speak
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GNE 9: "ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุณุฑูŠุฉ ูƒูŠู ุชูู‡ู… ูˆุชุชุญุฏุซ
00:01
English like an American" Gabby: Hey, guys!
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ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠูŠู†" ุบุงุจูŠ: ู…ุฑุญุจู‹ุง ูŠุง ุฑูุงู‚!
00:02
I'm Gabby Wallace and this is a Go Natural English lesson.
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ุฃู†ุง ุบุงุจูŠ ูˆุงู„ุงุณ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฏุฑุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ.
00:08
One of my viewers asked a question about American English pronunciation.
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ุทุฑุญ ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏูŠู† ุณุคุงู„ุงู‹ ุญูˆู„ ู†ุทู‚ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ.
00:13
And I'm happy to answer.
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ูˆูŠุณุนุฏู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฑุฏ.
00:16
You know, English, and especially American English, is really interesting.
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ุชุนู„ู… ุŒ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุŒ ูˆุฎุงุตุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุŒ ู…ุซูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุญู‚ู‹ุง.
00:20
Because the way that we speak can be different than the way you might think we're going to
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ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุจู‡ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‚ุฏ ุชุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู†ุง
00:27
speak, based off of how you read the words or how you learn how each sound sounds individually.
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ุณู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุจู‡ุง ุŒ ุจู†ุงุกู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ู‚ุฑุงุกุชูƒ ู„ู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุฃูˆ ูƒูŠู ุชุชุนู„ู… ูƒูŠู ูŠุจุฏูˆ ูƒู„ ุตูˆุช ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏุฉ.
00:34
But then, when we put sounds together, in words, in phrases, they change a lot.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุฃุตูˆุงุช ู…ุนู‹ุง ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ูˆุงู„ุนุจุงุฑุงุช ุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุชุบูŠุฑ ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง.
00:41
So, in this video, you're going to understand, finally, how to understand one specific sound
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ุŒ ุณุชูู‡ู… ุŒ ุฃุฎูŠุฑู‹ุง ุŒ ูƒูŠู ุชูู‡ู… ุตูˆุชู‹ุง ู…ุนูŠู†ู‹ุง
00:49
and how to say or how to make one specific sound, which is the "T" sound in English.
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ูˆูƒูŠู ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ูƒูŠู ุชุตู†ุน ุตูˆุชู‹ุง ู…ุญุฏุฏู‹ุง ุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุตูˆุช "T" ุจุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ.
00:56
Now, my viewer said, "I noticed that when you have words with "T" in the middle, they
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ู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏ ุงู„ุขู† ุŒ "ู„ู‚ุฏ ู„ุงุญุธุช ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุจู‡ุง ุญุฑู" T "ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู ุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ุง
01:04
change to a "D" sound.
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ุชุชุบูŠุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุตูˆุช" D ".
01:06
And that makes it really difficult to understand."
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุฌุนู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ูู‡ู…ู‡ุง."
01:10
Movies, American movies or conversations with fluent English speakers or American English
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ุงู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุฏุซุงุช ู…ุน ู…ุชุญุฏุซูŠ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุจุทู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุซูŠู† ุจุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ
01:17
speakers, it's true.
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ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุตุญูŠุญ.
01:19
Whenever you have a "T" in the middle of a word surrounded by two nouns, it changes to
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุญุฑู "T" ููŠ ู…ู†ุชุตู ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ู…ุญุงุทุฉ ุจุงุณู…ูŠู† ุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุชุญูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰
01:26
a "D" sound.
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ุตูˆุช "D".
01:27
Here are some examples: "I'd like a cup of water.", "I'd like a glass of water."
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ูˆุฅู„ูŠูƒ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ: "ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ูƒูˆุจู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงุก" ุŒ "ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ูƒูˆุจู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงุก."
01:32
Do you notice that I don't say it "wa-ter"?
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ู‡ู„ ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ู„ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง "ูˆุงุชุฑ"ุŸ
01:35
I say "wa-der".
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ุฃู‚ูˆู„ "ูˆุง ุฏูŠุฑ".
01:37
Okay?
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ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
01:38
If you're speaking with someone who is from the UK or perhaps another English speaking
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุชุญุฏุซ ู…ุน ุดุฎุต ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฑุจู…ุง ุจู„ุฏ ุขุฎุฑ ูŠุชุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ
01:43
country, they may say "wa-ter".
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ุŒ ูู‚ุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ "wa-ter".
01:47
But Americans or North Americans, will say "wa-der".
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ูŠูŠู† ุณูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† "ูˆุง ุฏูŠุฑ".
01:51
"Wa-der".
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"ูˆุง ุฏูŠุฑ".
01:52
Can you say it?
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ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ู‚ูˆู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
01:53
(pause).
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(ูŠูˆู‚ู).
01:54
Sounds good.
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ู‹ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุฌูŠุฏุง.
01:56
Alright.
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ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุง ูŠุฑุงู….
01:57
So, another example is "butter".
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ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ู…ุซุงู„ ุขุฎุฑ ู‡ูˆ "ุงู„ุฒุจุฏุฉ".
01:59
"I'd like some butter on my toast."
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"ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฒุจุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุจุฒ ุงู„ู…ุญู…ุต."
02:03
So, butter has two "Ts" but it doesn't matter.
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุงู„ุฒุจุฏุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ู†ู‚ุทุชุงู† ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠู‡ู….
02:09
It's between two vowels.
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ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠู† ุญุฑููŠู† ู…ุชุญุฑูƒูŠู†.
02:10
So, those vowels soften that "T" sound so it becomes "D".
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูุฅู† ุฃุญุฑู ุงู„ุนู„ุฉ ุชู„ูƒ ุชุฎูู ู…ู† ุตูˆุช ุญุฑู "T" ุจุญูŠุซ ุชุตุจุญ "D".
02:18
So, again, "butter".
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุŒ "ุฒุจุฏุฉ".
02:20
(pause) Alright.
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(ูˆู‚ูุฉ) ุญุณู†ู‹ุง. ู„ุทูŠู -
02:21
Nice.
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ุฌูŠุฏ.
02:22
Another word, another food word that you may hear at a restaurant or you may want to use
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ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุŒ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุทุนุงู… ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู‚ุฏ ุชุณู…ุนู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุทุนู… ุฃูˆ ู‚ุฏ ุชุฑุบุจ ููŠ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง
02:28
at a restaurant, it's a food I like very much is "tomato".
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ููŠ ู…ุทุนู… ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ุทุนุงู… ุฃุญุจู‡ ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ู‡ูˆ "ุทู…ุงุทู…".
02:31
Okay.
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ุชู…ุงู….
02:32
If you're speaking with someone from the UK, they may say "to-mah-to", but Americans will
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุชุญุฏุซ ู…ุน ุดุฎุต ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุŒ ูู‚ุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ "to-mah-to" ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠูŠู†
02:38
say "to-may-doh".
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ุณูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† "to-may-doh".
02:40
Not only is the "A" sound different, but that "T" sound in the middle is different, "to-may-doh",
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ู„ูŠุณ ูู‚ุท ุตูˆุช "A" ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุตูˆุช "T" ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุŒ "to-may-doh" ุŒ
02:45
"to-may-doh".
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"to-may-doh".
02:46
Do you hear how soft that sound is?
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ู‡ู„ ุชุณู…ุน ูƒู… ู‡ูˆ ุฑู‚ูŠู‚ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุตูˆุชุŸ
02:48
It's not "to-may-to", it's "to-may-doh".
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ุงู†ู‡ุง ู„ูŠุณุช "ู‚ุฏ ุชูุนู„" ุŒ ุงู†ู‡ุง "ู‚ุฏ ุชูุนู„".
02:51
Okay, so if you want to understand Americans, you have to understand that these sounds change.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุชูู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠูŠู† ุŒ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุฃู† ุชูู‡ู… ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุตูˆุงุช ุชุชุบูŠุฑ.
02:58
Finally, another word that is not food related, but you'll hear quite often is "matter", or
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ุฃุฎูŠุฑู‹ุง ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู„ุง ุชุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ุทุนุงู… ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู†ูƒ ุณุชุณู…ุนู‡ุง ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ "ู…ุงุฏุฉ" ุฃูˆ
03:07
"mat-ter".
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"ู…ุงุชูŠุฑ".
03:09
But that's not how we say it in North America.
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ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณ ูƒูŠู ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ.
03:11
We say it "ma-der".
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ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฐู„ูƒ "ma-der".
03:12
"What's the matter?" is "What's wrong?"
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"ู…ุงุฐุง ุฌุฑู‰ุŸ" ู‡ูˆ "ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุทุฃุŸ"
03:16
So let me hear you say it, "What's the matter?"
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ู„ุฐุง ุฏุนู†ูŠ ุฃุณู…ุนูƒ ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุŒ "ู…ุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุŸ"
03:19
(pause).
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(ูŠูˆู‚ู).
03:20
Okay.
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ุชู…ุงู….
03:21
Or "It doesn't matter", "It doesn't matter to me" means "I don't care", "It's not important".
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ุฃูˆ "ู„ุง ูŠู‡ู…" ุŒ "ู„ุง ูŠู‡ู…ู†ูŠ" ุชุนู†ูŠ "ู„ุง ูŠู‡ู…ู†ูŠ" ุŒ "ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณ ู…ู‡ู…ู‹ุง".
03:27
So let me hear you say it, "It doesn't matter".
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1960
ู„ุฐุง ุฏุนู†ูŠ ุฃุณู…ุนูƒ ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุŒ "ู„ุง ูŠู‡ู…".
03:29
(pause).
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(ูŠูˆู‚ู).
03:30
All right, very nice.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฌู…ูŠู„ ุฌุฏู‹ุง.
03:31
So, these are just four examples of words with "T" in the middle of two vowels.
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ุฅุฐู† ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูู‚ุท ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุจู‡ุง ุญุฑู "T" ููŠ ู…ู†ุชุตู ุญุฑููŠู† ู…ุชุญุฑูƒูŠู†.
03:38
And the "T" changes into a "D" sound.
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ูˆูŠุชุญูˆู„ ุญุฑู "T" ุฅู„ู‰ ุตูˆุช "D".
03:40
So, again, and you can repeat after me if you like: "water" (pause), "butter" (pause),
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชูƒุฑุฑ ุจุนุฏูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุชุญุจ: "ุงู„ู…ุงุก" (ูˆู‚ูุฉ) ุŒ "ุงู„ุฒุจุฏุฉ" (ูˆู‚ูุฉ) ุŒ
03:46
"tomato" (pause), "matter" (pause).
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"ุงู„ุทู…ุงุทู…" (ูˆู‚ูุฉ) ุŒ "ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ" (ูˆู‚ูุฉ).
03:49
All right, very nice.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุง ุŒ ุฌู…ูŠู„ ุฌุฏู‹ุง.
03:52
So, I hope that this helps your understanding of American movies, American people, American
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุขู…ู„ ุฃู† ูŠุณุงุนุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ูู‡ู…ูƒ ู„ู„ุฃูู„ุงู… ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุŒ ุงู„ุดุนุจ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠ ุŒ
03:59
conversations or North American, I should say.
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ุงู„ู…ุญุงุฏุซุงุช ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุŒ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„.
04:02
I have to include Canadian friends.
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ู„ุง ุจุฏ ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุถู… ุฃุตุฏู‚ุงุก ูƒู†ุฏูŠูŠู†.
04:05
So, please remember this as you're listening and you'll be able to understand a lot better
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุชุฐูƒุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุงุณุชู…ุงุน ูˆุณุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงุฏุฑู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูู‡ู… ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃูุถู„
04:11
with more confidence and understanding of native fluent English speakers.
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ุจุซู‚ุฉ ูˆูู‡ู… ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู„ู„ู…ุชุญุฏุซูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠูŠู† ู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุจุทู„ุงู‚ุฉ.
04:18
Thanks so much for watching.
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ุดูƒุฑุง ุฌุฒูŠู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏุฉ.
04:19
If you come visit me at gonaturalenglish.com, you can come get a free e-book that will help
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ุฅุฐุง ุฃุชูŠุช ู„ุฒูŠุงุฑุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ gonaturalenglish.com ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒุชุงุจ ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ ู…ุฌุงู†ูŠ ุณูŠุณุงุนุฏูƒ
04:25
you to learn more English.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ.
04:27
So, I hope to see you there.
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ู„ุฐุง ุŒ ุฃุชู…ู†ู‰ ุฃู† ุฃุฑุงูƒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ.
04:29
Bye for now.
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ูˆุฏุงุนุง ุงู„ุขู†.
04:30
************************************************************************ Thank you for being a wonderful part of the
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**************************************************** ********************** ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง ู„ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒูˆู†ูƒ ุฌุฒุกู‹ุง ุฑุงุฆุนู‹ุง ู…ู†
04:31
Go Natural English community.
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ู…ุฌุชู…ุน Go Natural English.
04:32
Come back to http://gonaturalenglish.com, share your comments, and find more English
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ุงุฑุฌุน ุฅู„ู‰ http://gonaturalenglish.com ูˆุดุงุฑูƒ ุจุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุชูƒ ูˆุงุจุญุซ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู†
04:33
learning resources!
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ู…ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ!
04:34
Go Natural English Your Notes: Gabby Wallace, M.Ed TESOL
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Go Natural English ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุชูƒ: Gabby WallaceุŒ M.Ed TESOL
04:35
Page 1
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ุตูุญุฉ 1
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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