MISS or LOSE or MISSING? - Differences and Collocations | English Grammar Lesson

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- Hello everyone and welcome back to English With Lucy.

- Ahojte všetci a vitajte späť pri Angličtine s Lucy.

Today, I've got another grammar, slash,

Dnes mám pre vás ďalšiu gramatiku, alebo

vocabulary lesson for you.

lekciu o slovnej zásobe.

It's all about the difference between to miss and to lose

Je to o rozdiele medzi "to miss" a "to lose"

and also, to be missing, which can be very confusing.

a taktiež, "to be missing" ktoré vie veľmi zmiasť.

Before we get started, I would just like to thank

Predtým ako začneme by som sa chcela poďakovať

the sponsor of today's video.

sponzorovi dnešného videa.

It is italki, italki is an online

A tým je "italki". Italki je online

language learning platform.

učiteľ jazykov.

They have this huge database of all of the teachers

Majú obrovskú databázu všetkých učiteľov

you can imagine for almost every single language

ktorých si viete predstaviť pre skoro každý jazyk

under the sun.

pod slnkom.

I tried it out myself to learn a little bit of Indonesian.

Ja sama som to vyskúšala aby som sa naučila niečo po indonézsky.

That video will be coming up.

To video uvidíte.

That will be exciting.

Bude to veľmi zaujímavé.

I was blown away by the quality

Ohúrila ma kvalita

and I was blown away by the prices.

a taktiež ma ohúrili ceny.

You can learn it anywhere, anytime, any day of the week.

Môžete sa učiť hocikde, hocikedy, a ktorýkoľvek deň v týždni.

They've given me a special offer to pass on to you guys.

Ponúkli mi špeciálnu ponuku pre vás.

You can get $10 worth of italki credits for free

Môžete dostať italki menu v hodnote $10 zadarmo

when you sign up and make your first $10 purchase.

ak sa prihlásite a urobíte váš prvý nákup za $10.

So, it's like a buy one get one free on lessons.

Takže niečo ako 1+1 na hodiny zadarmo.

All you have to do to claim this offer

Všetko, čo musíte urobiť aby ste sa zúčastnili tejto ponuky

is click on the link in the description box.

je kliknúť na link v popise videa.

Right, let's get started with the lesson.

Teraz sa presunieme ku začiatku hodiny.

Now, on your language, you might have separate words

Takže, vo vašom jazyku môžete používať rozdielne slovíčka

for to miss and to lose.

pre to miss a to lose.

However, in lots of languages across the globe,

Každopádne, vo väčšine jazykov po celom svete,

to miss and to lose are the same word,

to, miss a to lose môžu mať rovnaký význam,

which makes it incredibly confusing

čo to robí nesmierne mätúcim

for those who are trying to learn english.

pre tých, ktorí sa snažia naučiť anglicky.

There are so many words in the english language

V angličtine je veľmi veľa podobných slovíčok,

that are like this, there are make and do,

napríklad "make" a "do",

miss and lose, earn and win.

"miss" a "lose", "earn" a "win"

So many words where we have two or three

Toľko veľa slov, pri ktorých máme dve, tri alebo štyri slová

or four words for this but in other languages,

ale v iných jazykoch,

there's just one word.

majú len jedno slovo.

But I'm going to clarify exactly

Ale teraz vám ujasním, presne kedy

when you should use miss, when you should use lose

by ste mali použiť "miss,", kedy "lose"

and when you can use to be missing as well.

a taktiež kedy môžete použiť "to be missing".

So, I'm going to start by going through

Takže začnem tým, že prejdem cez všetky situácie,

all of the situations in which you should use miss,

v ktorých by ste mali použiť "miss"

and then I'm going to give you

a potom vám dám pár

some extra little collocations

extra malých slovných spojení

and miscellaneous phrases as well.

a tiež zmiešaných fráz.

And then I'll go through all of the situations

A potom prejdem všetky situácie,

in which you would use to lose, and of course,

v ktorých by ste mali použiť "to lose" a samozrejme,

some extra collocations and phrases using lose.

niekoľko extra slovných spojení a fráz s použitím "lose"

Finally, we'll go through to be missing

Nakoniec si prejdeme "to be missing"

and compare it to lose, because sometimes,

a porovnáme to ku "to lose", pretože niekedy

it can be used in a really, really similar way.

to môže byť používané vo veľmi, veľmi podobnej forme.

So, yes, this lesson should be very clear,

Takže táto lekcia by mala byť jasná,

it should help you.

mala by vám pomôcť.

If you do have any questions, put it down

Keď máte nejaké otázky, napíšte ich dolu

in the comments below and I would love

do komentárov a veľmi rada

to hear about what you use for miss and lose

by som počula, čo používate pre "miss" a "lose"

in your languages as well.

aj vo vašich jazykoch.

So please put that in the comments section.

Takže to prosím napíšte do komentárov.

Do you have just one word or do you have separate words?

Máte iba jedno, alebo viac slov?

Let's get started with the lesson.

Začneme s lekciou.

So there are three situations in which you would use miss.

Takže toto sú situácie, v ktorých by ste použili "miss"

The first one is to miss an event or an opportunity.

Prvá je "to miss an event or an opportunity"

This means you might arrive too late

Znamená to, že by ste mohli prísť príliš neskoro,

to attend an event or opportunity

aby ste sa zúčastnili nejakej udalosti alebo príležitosti

or you might just not attend the event or opportunity.

alebo sa vôbec nemusíte zúčastniť udalosti alebo príležitosti.

So, it can mean to arrive too late

Takže, môže to znamenať "prísť príliš neskoro"

or to just totally not attend.

alebo "vôbec sa nezúčastniť".

So, you could miss a class or a lesson.

Takže, môžete prísť neskoro do školy alebo na hodinu.

You could miss a deadline.

Môžete zmeškať konečný termín (deadline).

You could miss an appointment or a meeting.

Mohli ste vynechať stretnutie.

You could miss a party or you could miss a sports match

Nemuseli ste sa zúčastniť párty alebo zmeškať športový zápas

or a show or concert.

alebo šou či koncert.

You could arrive too late to watch that sports match

Mohli ste prísť príliš neskoro aby ste si stihli pozrieť ten športový zápas

or you could just totally not attend the sports match.

alebo ste sa vôbec nemuseli zúčastniť športového zápasu.

So, if someone asks me, "Did you watch

Takže, keď sa ma niekto opýta, "Videla si včera

"the football last night?"

ten futbalový zápas?"

I could say, no, I missed it.

Môžem povedať, "No, I missed it"

So, it could mean that I got home too late to watch it on TV

Takže to môže znamenať že som prišla príliš neskoro aby som si ho pozrela v telke,

or I just didn't watch it, or I didn't watch it

alebo som to proste nepozerala, alebo som to nepozerala

but I had intended to watch it.

ale zamýšľala som tak.

Now, bear that sports match one in your mind

Uchovajte si ten zápas v hlave,

because we're going to talk about it a little bit later on.

pretože o tom ešte budeme hovoriť o niečo pozdejšie.

It can also refer to not hearing

Ďalej to môže znamenať to, že ste niečo nepočuli

or not seeing something as well.

alebo nevideli.

So, if I miss the game, I didn't see the game.

Takže keď "I miss the game" hru som nevidela.

Or if I missed what you were saying,

Ale "If I missed what were you saying"

I didn't hear what you were saying.

nepočula som, čo ste povedali.

The next situation in which we use miss

Ďalšia situácia, v ktorej používame "miss"

is for transport and this means

je pre transport a znamená to

to arrive too late for transport.

že som prišla príliš neskoro pre transport.

I used to work a lot with Spanish students

Zvykla som pracovať so španielskymi študentami,

who were learning english in London

ktorí sa učili angličtinu v Londýne

and they would arrive late to my lessons and say,

a keď prišli neskoro na hodinu povedali

"Sorry, I lost the bus."

"Sorry, I lost the bus."

And it should be miss because miss is used

A malo by tam byť "miss", pretože miss sa používa

when you arrive too late for transport.

keď nestihnete transport.

So, you could miss a bus, a flight,

Takže môžete zmeškať autobus, let

a plane, you could miss a train, for example.

lietadlo, vlak...

The final situation is to miss somebody or something

Posledná situácia je "miss sombedy/something"

and this means to feel sad when someone

a toto znamená, cítiť sa smutne keď niekto

or something isn't near you anymore,

alebo niečo už nie je vo vašej blízkosti

or you don't do something anymore.

alebo už niečo nerobíte.

So you could miss your friends, you could miss your family,

Takže vám môžu chýbať priatelia, môže vám chýbať vaša rodina,

you could miss the way things used to be.

môže vám chýbať to ako veci niekedy bývavali.

You could miss a dress that you don't have anymore.

Môžu vám chýbať šaty, ktoré už nemáte.

You could miss going to the cinema

Môže vám chýbať chodenie do kina

with your grandma, for example.

s vašou babičkou.

Now, a couple more collocations with miss.

teraz, niekoľko slovných spojení s "miss"

You could miss the point.

"You could miss the point."

If I say to you, you've totally missed the point.

Keď vám poviem "You´ve totally missed the point"

It means you haven't understood

znamená to, že ste nerozumeli

the point of this conversation

pointe tejto konverzácie

or the reason why we're doing this.

alebo dôvodu prečo toto robíme.

You can miss a target, which means,

"You can miss target" čo znamená

well literally, a bullseye target.

viacmenej šípkový terč

You could either hit the target or you can miss it.

Môžete buď trafiť terč alebo minúť.

If you miss a target or an objective,

"If you miss the target"

it means you don't achieve what you were hoping to achieve.

znamená to, že nedosiahnete to, čo ste dúfali, že dosiahnete.

You can miss your chance and this means

"You can miss your chance" a to znamená

that you lose out on, you don't take the opportunity

že sa nechopíte príležitosti

for something and to miss your chance,

pre niečo a "to miss your chance"

it relates to what we were saying

sa spája s niečím čo sme hovorili

about opportunities and events.

ohľadom príležitostí a udalostí.

If you miss your chance to enter a competition, for example,

"If you miss the chance for competition"

you have missed the opportunity to enter that competition.

tak ste zmeškali príležitosť dostať sa do toho súboja.

Right, let's move to lose.

Tak, presunieme sa na "to lose"

One thing I just want to remind you

Jedna vec, ktorú vám chcem pripomenúť,

before we get started on lose is spelling.

predtým ako začneme s lose, je hláskovanie.

When I used to mark students exam papers,

Keď som známkovala testy študentov,

they would lose out on marks 'cause they would spell

utekali im body, pretoźe napísali

to lose with two o's.

"to lose" s dvoma "o"

Now, listen to this.

Teraz počúvajte.

Lose, loose.

Loose means something is not tight.

"Loose" znamená, že niečo nie je pevné.

It's an adjective.

Je to príd. meno (voľný)

Lose is the verb that we're going to be talking about today.

"Lose" je sloveso, o ktorom sa dnes budeme rozprávať.

So, be wary of the pronunciation

Takže si dávajte pozor na výslovnosť.

and be very wary of the spelling.

a veľmi veľký pozor si dávajte na hláskovanie.

Lose, not loose (laughs).

Lose, nie loose (smiech)

Okay, we've got slightly more situations with lose.

Okej. Máme o niečo viac situácií pri "lose"

We've got five and the first one is, to lose something,

Máme ich päť a tá prvá je "to lose something"

which means to not be able to find something.

čo znamená, nebyť schopný niečo nájsť.

You could lose your keys, you could lose your credit card,

Môžete stratiť kľúče, kreditnú kartu,

you could lose your wallet.

môžete stratiť peňaženku.

I really hope that doesn't happen to me.

Naozaj dúfam že sa mi to nestane.

The next meaning for lose is to have less of something.

Ďalší význam "lose" je mať menej niečoho.

It doesn't mean you can't find it,

Neznamená to, že to neviete nájsť,

it just means you have less of it.

znamená to, že toho máte menej.

So, you could lose weight, you are carrying less weight.

Môžete stratiť váhu, máte menej váhy.

If I am losing weight, I am reducing the amount of weight

Ak strácam váhu, redukujem množstvo váhy,

that I have.

ktorú mám.

We talked about this in the video I did on appearances.

Rozprávali sme sa o tom vo videu o vzhľade.

And we spoke about losing your hair and going bald

A rozoberali sme stratu vlasov a plešatenie

and this means that gradually you have less and less hair.

a toto znamená, že postupne máte menej a menej vlasov.

You could also lose interest in something or somebody.

Taktiež môžete stratiť záujem o niečo/niekoho.

There are lots of examples for this one.

je tu mnoho príkladov.

Now the third situation in which you can use to lose

Tretia situácia, v ktorej môžete použiť "lose"

is when you don't have something that you did have before.

je, keď nemáte niečo, čo ste pred tým mali.

Actually, I guess you can lose a person as well.

vlastne, myslím, že tiež môžete stratiť aj osobu.

So, when you don't have something or someone

Takže, keď nemáte niečo alebo niekoho

that you did have before.

čo ste mali predtým.

So, this means to not have something or someone

To znamená, nemať niečo/niekoho

that you did have before.

koho ste predtým mali.

So, you can lose money, you can lose a job,

Môžete prísť o peniaze, o prácu,

you can lose a partner, you can lose hope.

môžete prísť o partnera, môžete stratiť nádej.

Before you didn't have these things, you did have them.

Predtým ako ste tieto veci stratili, mali ste ich.

So you have lost them.

Takže ste o nich prišli/stratili ich.

Now, the fourth meaning of to lose is to not win.

Štvrtý význam pre "lose", je nevyhrať.

So, you can lose a game, you can lose a sports match,

Takže, môžete prehrať hru, môžete prehrať zápas,

you can lose a competition.

môžete prehrať súťaž.

It means you haven't won them.

Znamená to, že ste to nevyhrali.

But do you remember I said keep sports match

ale pamätáte si, ako som hovorila, aby ste si zapamätali športový zápas,

in your head, because it's very important

pretože je veľmi dôležité,

to use the correct verb.

použiť správne sloveso.

If I say, I missed the game and I lost the game,

Keď poviem "I missed the game" a "I lost the game",

they mean two very different things.

znamená to dve veľmi odlišné veci.

I missed the game means I didn't arrive on time

"I missed the game" znamená, že som neprišla na čas,

to see the game or I just completely did not see the game.

aby som tú hru videla, alebo som úplne vynechala hru.

If I say I lost the game, it means I did not win the game.

Keď poviem "I lost the game" znamená to, že som hru nevyhrala.

So, it's important to distinguish between miss and lose

Je dôležité rozlíšiť "miss" a "lose"

especially in that context.

obzvlášť v tomto kontexte

The final situation in which we can use to lose

Posledná situácia, v ktorej môžeme použiť "lose"

is when a family member or somebody close to you

je keď člen rodiny, alebo niekto vám blízky zomrie.

passes away or dies.

To lose somebody is a nice and respectful way

"To lose somebody" je milá a zdvorilá možnosť

of saying that somebody near to you has died.

ako povedať, že niekto vo vašej blízkosti zomrel.

So, if i say, Jenny lost her mum last year,

Takže, keď poviem "Jenny lost her mum last year",

it means Jenny's mum passed away last year.

znamená to, že mama Jenny minulý rok zomrela.

Now, let's look at a couple more collocations using lose.

Teraz sa poďme pozrieť na pár slovných spojení pre "lose".

You can lose track of time, which means

You can lose track of time-

that you don't realise how much time

neuvedomili ste si koľko času uplynulo,

has passed or is passing.

alebo plynie.

I failed my exam because I lost track of time

I failed my exam because I lost track of time

and I didn't realise that I didn't have enough time left

and I didn't realise that I didn't have enough time left.

to answer the final question.

to answer the final question.

You can also lose consciousness,

"You can also lose consciousness"-

which means you become unconscious.

odpadnete.

You can lose your head or lose your temper,

"Lose your head/temper"-

which means that you get very, very angry.

ste veľmi, veľmi nahnevaný.

If you'd like to see more ways

Keby ste chceli vedieť viac možností

on how to say that you are angry or annoyed in english,

ako povedať, že ste nahnevaný, alebo otrávený po anglicky,

you can check out the video up here.

môžete si pozrieť video tu hore.

You can also lose the plot or lose your mind as well,

"Lose the plot/mind"-

which means that you've gone crazy.

zošaleli ste.

Have you lost your mind?

"Have you lost your mind?"

Are you crazy?

Si šialený?

Uh, I've completely lost the plot.

"Uh, I've completely lost the plot"

I'm just being so silly.

Choval som sa tak hlúpo.

You can lose sleep over something,

"Loose sleep over something"-

which means you worry about something.

máte o niečo starosti.

If I say, don't lose sleep over it,

Keď poviem "Don't lose sleep over it"

it means don't worry about it.

znamená to, nerob si s tým starosti.

You can lose heart, which means you lose enthusiasm

"Loose your heart"- stratiť nadšenie,

and you can lose your voice,

"Lose your voice"-

which means when you get a cold,

keď prechladnete,

and you can't speak anymore, you speaking like this.

a už neviete hovoriť, rozprávate nejako takto.

You've lost your voice.

Stratili ste hlas.

So, we've covered to lose and to miss,

Takže sme si prešli "lose" a "miss"

but what about to be missing because this one can be used

ale čo s "to be missing", pretože toto sa môže použiť

in a similar way as to lose.

podobným spôsobom ako "lose"

To be missing is all about expectation

"To be missing" je celé o očakávaní

and what you expect or what is expected.

a o tom, čo očakávate, alebo je očakávané.

There are three ways in which we can use it.

Sú tri spôsoby akými to môžeme použiť.

The first one, they're all very similar.

Prvý, sú si veľmi podobné.

The first one, if something is missing,

Prvý, keď nám niečo chýba.

for example, my keys are missing.

napríklad, "my keys are missing".

It doesn't mean that I've lost my keys,

Neznamená to, že som svoje kľúče stratila,

it means that my keys are not where I expected to find them.

znamená to, že moje kľúče nie sú tam, kde som čakala, že ich nájdem.

So, I look in my handbag where I expect to find my keys,

Takže, pozriem sa do mojej kabelky, kde očakávam, že budú moje kľúče,

they're missing, they're not there

"they're missing" oni tam nie sú,

but there are many possibilities.

ale naskytne sa nám veľa možností.

They might be lost, they might be stolen,

Mohli sa stratiť, mohli byť ukradnuté,

somebody might have moved them.

niekto ich mohol premiestniť.

All I know is that they're not where I expected them to be.

Všetko čo viem je to, že nie sú tam kde som si myslela, že budú.

So, to be missing is all about expectation.

Takže "to be missing" je celé len o očakávaní.

The next situation refers to people.

Ďalšia situácia sa týka ľudí.

If somebody is missing from a meeting or a dinner party

"If somebody is missing from a meeting/dinner party"

or a get together, or some sort of event.

It means that they are not present

Znamená to, že nie sú prítomní

when they are expected to be present.

tam, kde sa očakávalo, že prítomní budú.

We expected them to be at the meeting

Čakali sme, že budú na stretnutí,

but they're not there, they are missing.

ale nie sú tam "they are missing".

The third meaning, however, is a bit more serious.

Každopádne, tretí význam je viac serióznejší.

If somebody is missing, not from an event or meeting,

"If somebody is missing" nie z akcie, alebo stretnutia,

it just missing full stop, their whereabouts,

Je to len missing a bodka. Ich prítomnosť,

their location is unknown and people

miesto, kde sa nachádzajú je neznáma a ľudia

are trying to find them.

sa snažia nájsť ich.

This could also be called to be reported as missing

Toto môžeme tiež nazvať aj "to be reported as missing"

or to go missing as well.

alebo "to go missing"

So that's more serious.

Takže je to vážnejšie.

So on the news, you might see a 12-year-old girl

V novinách môžete vidieť 12-ročné dievča

has been missing for four days, for example.

bolo nezvestné po dobu štyroch dní. Napríklad.

Right, who's been watching English With Lucy

Kto sleduje Angličtina s Lucy

since the very beginning?

už od samých začiatkov?

When I started my channel, I used to make videos

Keď som založila svoj kanál, zvykla som robiť videá

with little quizzes at the end.

s malými kvízmi na konci.

And I though it would be really nice to do one today.

A myslela som, že by bolo pekné jeden urobiť dnes.

So, I set up a quiz.

Takže som pripravila kvíz.

There are 10 questions.

Je v ňom 10 otázok.

You can put your answers in the comments if you like.

Môžete napísať vaše odpovede do komentárov keď chcete.

One, could you repeat that?

I, what you said.

Could you repeat that?

I, what you said.

Number two, he got, in Soho, London.

He got, in Soho, London.

Three, my friend lives in Australia and I, her a lot.

My friend lives in Australia and I, her a lot.

Four, he, the bus to work.

He, the bus to work.

Number five, she, all her money on Bitcoin.

She, all her money on Bitcoin.

Number six, she's been reported as, in the news.

She's been reported as, in the news.

Number seven, I dropped my computer and, all my data.

I dropped my computer and, all my data.

Eight, my credit card is, from my wallet.

My credit card is, from my wallet.

Number nine, why were you, from the meeting?

Why were you, from the meeting?

Number 10, I, my temper when she said she wasn't coming.

I, my temper when she said she wasn't coming.

Right guys, put your answers in the comments below.

Super. Napíšte vaše odpovede dolu do komentárov.

I'll see if I can correct some of you

Uvidím, či viem niekoho z vás opraviť

and feel free to correct each other as well.

a tiež sa nebojte opravovať jeden druhého.

That's it for today's lesson.

To je všetko pre túto hodinu.

I hope you found it useful and I hope you enjoyed it.

Dúfam, že bola pre vás užitočná a dúfam, že ste si ju užili.

You guys have requested more grammar lessons,

Žiadali ste si o viac videí z gramatiky

so that's what I've been focusing on making this week.

tak som sa na to tento týždeň sústredila.

But remember, you can put any recommendations

Ale pamätajte, môžete mi napísať všetky návrhy do komentárov

in the comments.

I read as many comments as I can.

Čítam toľko komentárov, koľko môžem.

So, hopefully I'll see those.

Don't forget to connect with me on all of my social media.

I've got my Facebook, my Instagram and my Twitter

and I will see you soon for another lesson.

(lips smacking)

(slow music)