Man vs beast: Who is more efficient? - 6 Minute English

161,309 views ใƒป 2022-09-15

BBC Learning English


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ. ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื”.

00:09
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC
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ืฉืœื•ื. ื–ื•ื”ื™ 6 ื“ืงื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืžื‘ื™ืช BBC
00:12
Learning English. Iโ€™m Sam.
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Learning English. ืื ื™ ืกืื.
00:13
And Iโ€™m Roy. Whether itโ€™s salmon swimming
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืขื™. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื–ื” ืกืœืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื—ื” ื‘ืžืขืœื” ื”ื ื”ืจ
00:17
upriver to lay their eggs or cheetahs running
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ืื• ื‘ืจื“ืœืกื™ื ืฉืจืฆื™ื
00:21
faster than a car, animals can do incredible
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ืžื”ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช
00:24
things with their bodies.
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ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืขื ื’ื•ืคื.
00:26
Human bodies are no less incredible โ€“
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ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ื -
00:28
just think of Olympic swimmers and sprinters.
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ืจืง ืชื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ื™ื ื•ืืฆื™ื.
00:31
Our bodies work using just the energy
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืจืง ื‘ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
00:34
provided by what we eat. This means
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ืฉืžืกืคืงืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื. ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื
00:37
that the human body has to be incredibly
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ืฉื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
00:39
efficient, using as little energy as possible
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ื™ืขื™ืœ ืœื”ืคืœื™ื, ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืžื” ืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
00:43
to do what it needs to.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš.
00:45
Yet even with our efficient bodies, no-one can
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืขื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื™ืขื™ืœ ืฉืœื ื•, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ
00:48
run as fast a cheetah, not even Olympic
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ืœืจื•ืฅ ืžื”ืจ ื›ืžื• ืฆ'ื™ื˜ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื
00:52
champions! In this programme, weโ€™ll be
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ืืœื•ืคื™ื ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ื™ื! ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•,
00:55
asking: exactly how efficient
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ื ืฉืืœ: ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง
00:57
is the human body?
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื™ืขื™ืœ?
00:59
Weโ€™ll be comparing human bodiesโ€™ performance
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ื ืฉื•ื•ื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืื ื•ืฉื™ื™ื ื–ื”
01:01
against each other, and against some
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ืžื•ืœ ื–ื”, ื•ื’ื ืžื•ืœ ื›ืžื”
01:03
animals too. And, of course, weโ€™ll be
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื. ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื ืœืžื“
01:06
learning some new and
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01:07
useful vocabulary as well.
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ื’ื ืื•ืฆืจ ืžื™ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™.
01:09
But before that I have a question for you,
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืคื ื™ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉืืœื” ืืœื™ืš,
01:12
Roy. Efficiency involves an input and
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ืจื•ืขื™. ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืงืœื˜
01:15
an output. Itโ€˜s about the relationship
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ื•ืคืœื˜. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ
01:17
between the amount of energy
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
01:19
coming in โ€“ in other words, the food
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ื”ื ื›ื ืกืช - ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ื”ืื•ื›ืœ
01:22
we eat - and the amount of the energy
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ืฉืื ื• ืื•ื›ืœื™ื - ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื”
01:24
going out โ€“ the usual movements and
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ื”ื™ื•ืฆืืช - ื”ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช
01:27
activities of day-to-day life. So,
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ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื. ืื–
01:30
according to this definition, which
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ืœืคื™ ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื–ื•, ืื™ื–ื•
01:33
animal is the most efficient? Is it:
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ื—ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ? ื”ืื ื–ื”:
01:36
a) an ant? b) a whale? or c) a human?
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ื) ื ืžืœื”? ื‘) ืœื•ื•ื™ืชืŸ? ืื• ื’) ืื“ื?
01:41
Humans are the most efficient animal.
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ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื”ื ื”ื—ื™ื” ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:43
OK, Roy. Iโ€™ll reveal the answer later in the
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืจื•ืขื™. ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืื’ืœื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš
01:46
programme. To find out more about
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ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืขืœ
01:49
how the human body works itโ€™s
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ืื™ืš ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ืคื•ืขืœ,
01:51
helpful to know how our species
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ื›ื“ืื™ ืœื“ืขืช ืื™ืš ื”ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœื ื•
01:53
evolved. Hereโ€™s Herman Pontzer, professor
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ื”ืชืคืชื—. ื”ื ื” ื”ืจืžืŸ ืคื•ื ื˜ืฆืจ, ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ
01:56
of evolutionary anthropology at
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ืœืื ืชืจื•ืคื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ืช
01:59
Duke University, speaking with BBC World
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ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื“ื™ื•ืง, ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช BBC World
02:01
Service programme, CrowdScience.
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Service, CrowdScience.
02:04
Humans are remarkably efficient.
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ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคืœื™ื.
02:06
We walk on two very straight legs, if
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื™ืฉืจื•ืช ืžืื•ื“, ืื
02:10
a human stands next to a dog, for example,
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ืื“ื ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื™ื“ ื›ืœื‘, ืœืžืฉืœ,
02:11
the dog has got that funny bent classic
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ืœื›ืœื‘ ื™ืฉ ืืช
02:13
dog leg shape, right? And that crouched
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ืฆื•ืจืช ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ื›ืœื‘ ื”ืงืœืืกื™ ื•ื”ืžื›ื•ืคืฃ ื”ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ื”ื–ื”, ื ื›ื•ืŸ? ื•ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืคื” ื”ื–ื•
02:16
posture is really typical of most animals.
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ื‘ืืžืช ืื•ืคื™ื™ื ื™ืช ืœืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
02:18
Humans have a very straight leg, and so
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ืœื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื™ืฉ ืจื’ืœ ื™ืฉืจื” ืžืื•ื“, ื•ืœื›ืŸ
02:21
because of that, and because our legs
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•
02:22
are pretty long for our body size โ€“ humans
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ื“ื™ ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื ื• - ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
02:24
are part of the ape family โ€“ weโ€™re are efficient.
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ื”ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื™ื - ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื.
02:27
Humans are apes and evolved from the
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ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื”ื ืงื•ืคื™ ืื“ื ื•ื”ืชืคืชื—ื• ืžืื•ืชื•
02:30
same origin as gorillas and chimpanzees.
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ืžื•ืฆื ื›ืžื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžืคื ื–ื•ืช.
02:32
One big difference however is that humans
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ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืื—ื“ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืขื ื–ืืช ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
02:36
walk upright on straight legs, whereas
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ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื–ืงื•ืคื™ื ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื™ืฉืจื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืจื•ื‘
02:38
most animals are crouched โ€“ bent over
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ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื - ื›ืคื•ืคื™ื ืœื‘ืจืš
02:41
at the knee and leaning forwards
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ื•ืจื•ื›ื ื™ื ืงื“ื™ืžื”
02:43
to the ground. This crouched posture is not
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ืืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข. ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืคื” ื”ื–ื• ืื™ื ื”
02:47
an efficient way to move.
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ื“ืจืš ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืœื–ื•ื–.
02:48
Other animals, like dogs, have flat backs
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ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืœื›ืœื‘ื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื’ื‘ ืฉื˜ื•ื—
02:52
and move on four bent legs called
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ื•ื”ื ื ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืืจื‘ืข ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื ื›ืคื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื ืงืจืื•ืช
02:54
doglegs โ€“ something bent in the shape of
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ื“ื•ื’ืœื’ื™ื - ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืคื•ืฃ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช
02:58
a dogโ€™s leg. The word dogleg can also mean
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ืจื’ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื‘. ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืœื” dogleg ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื
03:01
a sharp bend in a road or path.
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ืขื™ืงื•ืœ ื—ื“ ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืื• ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ.
03:04
So, the design of the human body makes it
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ืื–, ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืื“ื ื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื•
03:08
efficient compared to some other animals - but
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ืœื™ืขื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื›ืžื” ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช - ืื‘ืœ
03:11
how do humans compare with each other?
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ืื™ืš ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”?
03:14
How do Kenyan athletes break long-distance
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ืื™ืš ืกืคื•ืจื˜ืื™ื ืงื ื™ื™ืชื™ื ืฉื•ื‘ืจื™ื
03:16
running records, while many of us struggle
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ืฉื™ืื™ ืจื™ืฆื” ืœืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืืจื•ื›ื™ื, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื ืื‘ืงื™ื
03:19
to run for the bus? The main reason, according to
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ืœืจื•ืฅ ืœืื•ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืก? ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช, ืœืคื™
03:22
Loughborough University physiologist,
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ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืœื•ื‘ื•ืจื•,
03:24
Rhona Pearce, is training. But there may be
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ืจื•ื ื” ืคื™ืจืก, ื”ื™ื ืื™ืžื•ืŸ. ืื‘ืœ ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
03:28
other factors too, as she explained to
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ื’ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืœ-
03:30
BBC World Serviceโ€™s, CrowdScience.
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BBC World Service, CrowdScience.
03:34
Age probably comes into it in that thereโ€™s
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ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื›ื ืจืื” ื ื›ื ืก ืœื–ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื›ื ืจืื” ื™ืฉ
03:36
probably an optimal age for tendon
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ื’ื™ืœ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™
03:38
elasticity โ€“ that drops off as you get older,
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ืœื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ื“ื™ื - ืฉื™ื•ืจื“ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืžืชื‘ื’ืจื™ื,
03:41
so probably thereโ€™s a sweet spot in age for
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ืื– ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื™ืฉ ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืชื•ืงื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœ
03:45
running economy. So, in terms of weight, it
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ืœื—ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืฆื”. ืื– ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืงืœ, ื–ื”
03:48
depends on what you weight is made up of,
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ืชืœื•ื™ ืžืžื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉืœืš,
03:50
if youโ€™ve got more muscle mass thatโ€™s going
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกืช ืฉืจื™ืจ ืฉืชืขื–ื•ืจ
03:52
to help you, whereas if itโ€™s more fat
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ืœืš, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืื ื–ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื•ืžืŸ
03:54
then youโ€™ve got to carry it.
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ืื– ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืืช ืื•ืชื”.
03:56
Efficient running depends on having flexible
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ืจื™ืฆื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืชืœื•ื™ื”
04:00
muscles and tendons, and this flexibility
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ื‘ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื’ืžื™ืฉื™ื, ื•ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื–ื•
04:03
drops off, or decreases, as we get older.
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ื™ื•ืจื“ืช, ืื• ืคื•ื—ืชืช, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื‘ื’ืจื™ื.
04:08
This means that, in terms of running, the body
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ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืจื™ืฆื”, ืœื’ื•ืฃ
04:11
has an optimal age โ€“ the best age, or the age
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื™ืœ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ โ€“ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื• ื”ื’ื™ืœ
04:16
at which you are most likely to succeed.
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ื‘ื• ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื—.
04:18
Body composition also plays a part.
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ื’ื ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืฉื—ืง ืชืคืงื™ื“.
04:21
Efficient runners need high muscle mass - the
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ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืžืกืช ืฉืจื™ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” -
04:25
amount of muscle in your body, as opposed
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ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœืš, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“
04:28
to fat or bone. So, training, age, muscle mass
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ืœืฉื•ืžืŸ ืื• ืขืฆื. ืื–, ืื™ืžื•ืŸ, ื’ื™ืœ, ืžืกืช ืฉืจื™ืจ
04:33
and genetics and are all factors which,
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ื•ื’ื ื˜ื™ืงื” ื•ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ
04:36
when they come together, produce
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ื”ื ืžืชืื—ื“ื™ื, ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื
04:38
a sweet spot โ€“ the best possible combination
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ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืชื•ืงื” - ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืืคืฉืจื™
04:41
of factors and circumstances. And from the
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ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช. ื•ืœืคื™
04:45
evidence it looks like my answer to
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ื”ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื™
04:48
your question was right, Sam.
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ืœืฉืืœืชืš ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ืกื.
04:50
Ah yes, I asked which animal was the most
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ืื” ื›ืŸ, ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื™ื–ื• ื—ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™
04:53
efficient, and you said it was c) a human. Well,
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ื™ืขื™ืœื”, ื•ืืžืจืช ืฉื–ื” ื’) ืื“ื. ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ,
04:58
Iโ€™m sorry to say but that was the wrong
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ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ืื‘ืœ ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื”
05:01
answer! The funny thing is - and scientists
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืฉื’ื•ื™ื”! ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฆื—ื™ืง ื”ื•ื - ื•ืžื“ืขื ื™ื
05:05
still donโ€™t understand why - but the bigger
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืœืžื” - ืื‘ืœ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื—ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:08
the animal, the less energy it uses,
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, ื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘ืคื—ื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื”,
05:11
kilo for kilo. So, the most efficient animalโ€ฆ
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ืงื™ืœื• ืœืงื™ืœื•. ืื–, ื”ื—ื™ื” ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ...
05:15
โ€ฆis also be the biggest โ€“ a whale! OK, letโ€™s
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...ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ - ืœื•ื•ื™ืชืŸ! ืื•ืงื™ื™, ื‘ื•ืื•
05:20
recap the vocabulary from the programme,
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ื ืกื›ื ืืช ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ืžื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช,
05:22
starting with crouched โ€“ a position, which
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ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืจื™ืขื” - ืชื ื•ื—ื”,
05:26
is bent at the knee, leaning forward
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ื›ืคื•ืคื” ื‘ื‘ืจืš, ื ืฉืขื ืช ืงื“ื™ืžื”
05:28
and closer to the ground.
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ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงืจืงืข.
05:30
A dogleg can describe something which
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ื“ื•ื’ืœื’ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืืจ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื™ืฉ
05:32
has a bent shape, especially
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ืœื• ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ืคื•ืคื”, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“
05:34
a sharp bend in a road or path.
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ืขื™ืงื•ืœ ื—ื“ ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืื• ืฉื‘ื™ืœ.
05:37
The optimal age to do something
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ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื•
05:39
is the best age to do it.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื•.
05:42
If something drops off, it decreases
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ืื ืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืฉืจ, ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืจื“
05:45
in quality or quantity.
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ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ื›ืžื•ืช.
05:47
A sweet spot is the best possible
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ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืชื•ืงื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืืคืฉืจื™
05:50
combination of factors or circumstances.
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ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืื• ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช.
05:53
And finally, muscle mass is the amount
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืžืกืช ืฉืจื™ืจ ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื•ืช
05:56
of muscle in your body, as opposed to fat
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ื”ืฉืจื™ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœืš, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืฉื•ืžืŸ
05:59
or bone. Once again, our six minute are up.
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ืื• ืขืฆื. ืฉื•ื‘, ืฉืฉ ื”ื“ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื ื’ืžืจื•.
06:02
Bye for now!
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ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื!
06:03
Bye!
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ื‘ื™ื™!
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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