How to pronounce GIRL & WORLD

184,369 views ใƒป 2018-10-04

mmmEnglish


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:08
Well hey there I'm Emma from mmmEnglish!
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€mmmEnglishใฎEmmaใงใ™ใ€‚
00:13
Today we're going to go through the pronunciation of
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€
00:16
these tricky words.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใชๅ˜่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:19
Do you find any of them difficult?
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใฉใ‚Œใ‹ใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:21
But before we do that, I want to tell you about
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซใ€
00:25
the community tab right here inside Youtube.
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ใ“ใ“Youtubeๅ†…ใฎใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚ฟใƒ–ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:29
Now if you're a subscriber, you probably already know
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅŠ ๅ…ฅ่€…ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ™ใงใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:33
about this. You've probably already seen
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ
00:35
some of my posts, some of my pictures.
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็งใฎๆŠ•็จฟใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ€็งใฎๅ†™็œŸใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใงใซ่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:39
It's a cool way that we can hang out a little bit more.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใŸใ‚€ใ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:42
Now I have to admit that I find social media
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ไปŠใ€็งใฏใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใŒๅฐ‘ใ—ๅœงๅ€’ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ชใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Š
00:45
a little overwhelming. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter,
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ Facebookใ€Instagramใ€Twitterใ€
00:49
Snapchat, everywhere.
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Snapchatใ€ใฉใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€‚
00:52
So I was really, really glad when YouTube
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€YouTube
00:55
created a space where we can hang out together
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ใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใŸใ‚€ใ‚ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ€
00:58
and I can share pictures
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ๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—
01:00
and I can ask you for recommendations and
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใŠใ™ใ™ใ‚ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ‚Š
01:03
show you some behind the scenes sort of stuff.
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ใ€่ˆžๅฐ่ฃใฎๆง˜ๅญใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใงใใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฌ‰ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
01:06
So to be honest,
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ๆญฃ็›ดใชใจใ“ใ‚ใ€
01:08
I would much rather be here chatting with you guys.
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็งใฏใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ“ใ“ใง็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใจใŠใ—ใ‚ƒในใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:11
This is where I spend all of my time
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ็งใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ™ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
01:13
and this is where I want to hang out with you.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใจใŸใ‚€ใ‚ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:17
In fact, this lesson today
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
01:19
came from my YouTube community.
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ใฏ็งใฎYouTubeใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ็™บ้Ÿณ
01:22
I asked you what were some difficult words
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ใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใŸใจใ“ใ‚
01:25
to pronounce and Puji suggested:
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ใ€ใƒ—ใƒผใ‚ธใฏ
01:28
'girl', 'world' and other words that have RL in them.
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ใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใ€ใ€Œไธ–็•Œใ€ใชใฉใ€RLใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆๆกˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:33
So thanks for the recommendation Puji!
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒ—ใƒผใ‚ธใฎๆŽจ่–ฆใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™๏ผ
01:35
Okay back to the lesson!
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
01:39
What do all of these words have in common?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎใ™ในใฆใซๅ…ฑ้€šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:44
The R and the L at the end and also the vowel sound.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎRใจLใ€ใใ—ใฆๆฏ้Ÿณใ€‚
01:51
Yes, all of these words have different vowel letters
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ™ในใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆฏ้Ÿณๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
01:55
but we know that that doesn't mean much
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็งใŸใกใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„
01:57
in English, right?
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ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:59
These vowel letters are all pronounced in
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆฏ้Ÿณๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฏใ™ในใฆ
02:02
exactly the same way,
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ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•
02:04
with the /ษœห/ vowel sound.
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ใ‚Œใ€/ษœห/ๆฏ้ŸณใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:08
So this is where your eyes start playing tricks
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็›ฎ
02:11
on you in English.
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ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ใชใŸใซใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:12
You see different vowel letters
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็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆฏ้Ÿณๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒ่กจ็คบ
02:15
and so you try to pronounce them differently.
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ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:17
Don't! This sound is the same for all of them.
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ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:27
To make this sound, your tongue is flat in your mouth.
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ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ˆŒใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃใฎไธญใงๅนณใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:31
The front of it, the front of your tongue should be behind
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ใใฎๅ‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ˆŒใฎๅ‰ใฏ
02:35
your bottom teeth like this.
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ‹ใฎๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:43
If the sound still doesn't sound right, try pushing
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ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚้ŸณใŒๆญฃใ—ใ่žใ“ใˆใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
02:47
your lower jaw out a little further
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ใ€ไธ‹้กŽใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆŠผใ—ๅ‡บใ—
02:49
to lengthen your tongue.
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ใฆ่ˆŒใ‚’ไผธใฐใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:56
Next we need to tackle the RL consonant cluster.
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ๆฌกใซใ€RLๅญ้Ÿณใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚€ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:01
A consonant cluster is when two or more consonants
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ๅญ้Ÿณใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใจใฏใ€1ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใซ2ใคไปฅไธŠใฎๅญ้Ÿณ
03:04
are together in a word and they can be
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ใŒ
03:07
difficult to pronounce.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:09
Often consonants are much easier
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅญ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใซๆฏ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅญ้Ÿณใฎๆ–นใŒใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Š
03:11
when there is a vowel sound between them, right?
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:15
But this cluster is actually pronounced differently
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ
03:20
by different native English speakers.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใจใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็™บ้ŸณใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:24
So this could be part of the reason why this word
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰
03:27
is difficult for you.
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ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ้›ฃใ—ใ„็†็”ฑใฎไธ€้ƒจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:29
You keep hearing it being pronounced in different ways
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:32
and now you're a bit confused!
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผ
03:34
When listening to standard American pronunciation,
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ๆจ™ๆบ–็š„ใชใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’
03:38
you'll hear both of these consonant sounds.
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่žใใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅญ้Ÿณใฎไธกๆ–นใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:42
While when you're listening to standard British
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ๆจ™ๆบ–็š„ใช่‹ฑๅ›ฝ
03:45
or Australian pronunciation, you won't hear that /r/
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ใพใŸใฏใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใใฎ/ r /ๅญ้Ÿณใฏ่žใ“ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“
03:50
consonant sound.
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ใ€‚
03:52
I'm going to ask my brother-in-law Alan
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็งใฏ็พฉ็†ใฎๅ…„ๅผŸใฎใ‚ขใƒฉใƒณ
03:54
to help me to demonstrate this.
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ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็คบใ™ใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†้ ผใ‚€ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
03:56
You remember him from this video, right?
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงๅฝผใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:59
He's American.
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ๅฝผใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
04:02
Hey Alan, can you say 'girl' for me?
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ใญใˆใ‚ขใƒฉใƒณใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:05
Girl.
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ๅฅณใฎๅญใ€‚
04:06
Great! Now use it in a sentence.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„๏ผ ไปŠใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ–‡ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:10
There is a very pretty girl walking down the street.
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้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใ„ๅฅณใฎๅญใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:14
Perfect! Thanks, that's all I need.
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ๅฎŒๅ…จ๏ผ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:17
So you just heard Alan really pronounce that /r/ sound.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ขใƒฉใƒณใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ/ r /ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
04:29
In fact, the vowel sound is hardly there at all!
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผ
04:33
Girl.
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ๅฅณใฎๅญใ€‚
04:37
Now this is not how I pronounce it at all.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:40
In British English and Australian English,
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใจใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ข่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€
04:43
this R is silent
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ใ“ใฎRใฏ็„ก้Ÿณ
04:45
and it's the vowel sound that is much clearer.
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ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้ŸณใŒใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆ˜Ž็žญใงใ™ใ€‚
04:50
Girl.
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ๅฅณใฎๅญใ€‚
04:52
So I'll be teaching in this lesson with my accent.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:56
I won't be doing any rubbish American impersonations
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็งใฏใ”ใฟใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใชใ‚Šใ™ใพใ—ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“
05:00
but if you're really keen to learn to pronounce this word
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅญฆใณใŸใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ
05:04
in an American accent,
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05:05
I've added a few extra links in the description
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05:09
to American English pronunciation lessons
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ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—
05:12
that I recommend you try.
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ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:14
Okay, so let's get started!
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผ
05:17
Girl.
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ๅฅณใฎๅญใ€‚
05:18
So starting with the consonant sound.
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ๅญ้Ÿณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:24
Now this sound is made right at the back of the mouth.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏๅฃใฎใ™ใๅพŒใ‚ใง้ณดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
By blocking the throat with the back of the tongue.
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่ˆŒใฎๅพŒใ‚ใงๅ–‰ใ‚’ๅกžใใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€‚
05:35
So moving into the vowel sound.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:40
Notice that my tongue doesn't move, it doesn't
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็งใฎ่ˆŒใฏๅ‹•ใ‹ใšใ€ๅญ้Ÿณใซไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:44
change position to the consonant sound.
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ใ€‚
05:47
It just stays with the vowel sound.
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ๆฏ้Ÿณใ ใ‘ใซใจใฉใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:59
Nice! Now we need to move to the /l/ sound
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่‰ฏใ„๏ผ ๆฌกใซใ€/ l /ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ
06:03
and we do that by lifting the tip of the tongue up
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ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใซใฏใ€่ˆŒใฎๅ…ˆ็ซฏใ‚’ไธŠใซๆŒใกไธŠใ’
06:07
so that it's behind the top teeth.
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ใฆใ€ไธŠใฎๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:22
The girl is waiting by the door.
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ๅฅณใฎๅญใฏใƒ‰ใ‚ขใฎใใฐใงๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:25
Is that your girlfriend?
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:28
Curl.
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ใ‚ซใƒผใƒซใ€‚
06:30
The /k/ consonant is the unvoiced
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/ k /ๅญ้Ÿณใฏ
06:33
pair of the /g/ sound.
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ใ€/ g /้Ÿณใฎ็„กๅฃฐใƒšใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
06:36
So actually, your tongue, your throat,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ˆŒใ€ๅ–‰ใ€
06:38
everything is in the same position.
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ใ™ในใฆใŒๅŒใ˜ไฝ็ฝฎใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:41
It's just that one sound is voiced,
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1ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒๆœ‰ๅฃฐใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฎ้ŸณใŒ็„กๅฃฐใงใ€
06:47
and the other is unvoiced and it's made with air.
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็ฉบๆฐ—ใงไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:56
See that my tongue is staying in exactly
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็งใฎ่ˆŒใŒใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ไฝ็ฝฎใซใจใฉใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
06:58
the same position. It doesn't change.
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ใ€‚ ๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
07:06
Now moving to the /l/ sound,
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/ l /ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใ‚‰
07:08
we need to lift the tip of the tongue
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ใ€่ˆŒใฎๅ…ˆ็ซฏใ‚’ๆŒใกไธŠใ’
07:10
so that it's touching behind the top teeth.
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ใฆใ€ไธŠๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใซ่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:22
She helps her grandmother to curl her hair.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็ฅ–ๆฏใŒ้ซชใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒผใƒซใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:27
Let's try another.
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ๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:29
Pearl.
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ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒซใ€‚
07:33
and add the vowel.
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ๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:39
Move to the /l/ sound by lifting the tongue
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07:43
up to the top of her mouth, behind your teeth.
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่ˆŒใ‚’ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅฃใฎไธŠ้ƒจใ€ๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใพใงๆŒใกไธŠใ’ใฆใ€/ l /ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:53
She had a beautiful pair of pearl earrings.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็พŽใ—ใ„็œŸ็ ใฎใ‚คใƒคใƒชใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:57
World.
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ไธ–็•Œใ€‚
07:59
This one's a little trickier.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
08:01
Starting with the consonant sound, watch my lips.
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ๅญ้Ÿณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ€็งใฎๅ”‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:08
See how they come together in a tight circle
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ทŠๅฏ†ใชๅ††ใฎไธญใซ้›†ใพใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:13
and it's a voiced sound made with your vocal cords.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃฐๅธฏใงไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸๆœ‰ๅฃฐ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
08:18
Now add the vowel sound.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:26
It's exactly the same as this word here, 'were'.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œใ ใฃใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:32
Now do exactly as we did before,
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ไปŠๅบฆใฏๅ‰ใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
08:35
flip your tongue up to the top of your mouth,
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ใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ๅฃใฎไธŠ้ƒจ
08:38
behind your teeth.
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ใ€ๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใพใงใฒใฃใใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:44
Now you're saying 'whirl'
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œๆ—‹ๅ›žใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:47
and this means to spin around and around and around,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
08:50
really quickly, 'whirl'.
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ใ€ใ€Œๆ—‹ๅ›žใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
08:54
So we need to finish with the
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€
08:57
/d/ consonant sound, right?
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/ d /ๅญ้Ÿณใง็ต‚ไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
08:59
At the end of 'whirl', my tongue is up behind my teeth.
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ใ€Œๆธฆๅทปใใ€ใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€็งใฎ่ˆŒใฏ็งใฎๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:04
Whirl.
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ๆ—‹ๅ›žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:07
And the rest of my tongue, the sides of my tongue,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฎ่ˆŒใฎๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ€็งใฎ่ˆŒใฎๅด้ขใ€
09:10
it's not touching anything.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใซใ‚‚่งฆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:14
For the /d/ sound, you'll need to close the gap
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/ d /ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
09:18
with the edges of your tongue
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09:21
here at the top of your mouth. Try to catch the sound
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅฃใฎไธŠ้ƒจใซใ‚ใ‚‹่ˆŒใฎ็ซฏใจใฎใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’้–‰ใ˜ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ”พใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
09:24
and then release it.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใŠ
09:25
Your teeth will naturally come up closer together
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ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€่‡ช็„ถใซๆญฏใŒ่ฟ‘ใฅใ
09:30
as you try to do this.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:37
So try to exaggerate the movement
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
09:39
that's happening in your jaw.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้กŽใง่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹•ใใ‚’่ช‡ๅผตใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:41
Your jaw is extending down and out to make the sound.
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ใ‚ใ”ใŒไธ‹ใซไผธใณใฆ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:46
Remember if that sound is - if your jaw is too close
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ใใฎ้ŸณใŒใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„-ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้กŽใŒ
09:50
to your neck, you'll make a different sound.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ฆ–ใซ่ฟ‘ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅˆฅใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:58
So that movement and that length in your jaw
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ใใฎๅ‹•ใใจ้กŽใฎ้•ทใ•
10:01
is going to help you to make the correct sound.
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ใฏใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
10:05
The whole world is watching.
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ๅ…จไธ–็•ŒใŒ่ฆ‹ๅฎˆใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:09
It's the most beautiful place in the world.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ–็•Œใงๆœ€ใ‚‚็พŽใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:13
Should we keep going with some more examples?
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:16
Why not?
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ใชใœใ ใ‚ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:17
Hurl.
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ใƒใƒผใƒซใ€‚
10:19
So you might be thinking what on earth is 'hurl'?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธ€ไฝ“ไฝ•ใŒใ€Œใƒใƒผใƒซใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:24
It's actually a really useful word.
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ๅฎŸใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ไพฟๅˆฉใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:26
It means to throw something
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
10:29
and usually with a lot of force,
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ใ€้€šๅธธใฏๅคงใใชๅŠ›ใงใ€
10:31
usually in an angry or a violent way.
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้€šๅธธใฏๆ€’ใ‚Šใ‚„ๆšดๅŠ›็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:36
He hurled the lamp across the room.
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ๅฝผใฏ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฎๅ‘ใ“ใ†ๅดใซใƒฉใƒณใƒ—ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใคใ‘ใŸใ€‚
10:39
A really strong violent way.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅผทใ„ๆšดๅŠ›็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ€‚
10:44
Add the vowel.
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ๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:47
Okay so that's this word, 'her'.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ€ใ€‚
10:50
Then you need to add the /l/
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ๆฌกใซใ€/ l /ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆ
10:53
so the tip of the tongue comes up
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ใ€่ˆŒใฎๅ…ˆ็ซฏใŒ
10:59
and you'll often hear 'hurl' used in these collocations.
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ๆตฎใ‹ใณไธŠใŒใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€Œhurlใ€ใŒใ‚ˆใ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:05
'to hurl abuse' or 'to hurl insults'
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ใ€Œ่™ๅพ…ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œไพฎ่พฑใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€
11:10
So this means to throw insults or abuse at someone,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซไพฎ่พฑใพใŸใฏ่™ๅพ…ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘
11:14
to yell at them really loudly.
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ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅคงๅฃฐใงๅซใถใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:17
To hurl abuse at someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใซ่™ๅพ…ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
11:21
He hurled abuse at the waiter
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ๅฝผใฏใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅผ•ใใšใ‚Šๅ‡บใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจใใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผใซ่™ๅพ…ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸ
11:22
as he was dragged out of the restaurant.
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ใ€‚
11:25
Ready to try a more complex sentence?
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ค‡้›‘ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่ฉฆใ™ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
11:28
Let's try and put a few of these words together.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:33
The world watched as the girl with the curly hair
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ๅทปใๆฏ›ใฎๅฐ‘ๅฅณใŒ
11:37
hurled pearls across the room.
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้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฎๅ‘ใ“ใ†ๅดใซ็œŸ็ ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใคใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ไธ–็•Œใฏ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:40
The world watched as the girl with the curly hair
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ๅทปใๆฏ›ใฎๅฐ‘ๅฅณใŒ
11:44
hurled pearls across the room.
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้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฎๅ‘ใ“ใ†ๅดใซ็œŸ็ ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใคใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ไธ–็•Œใฏ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:48
Can you think of any other words with this combination
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ใคใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
11:51
of letters in them? Try to write a sentence with
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ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:54
these words in the comments
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ€
11:56
to help everyone else to practise here.
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ไป–ใฎใฟใ‚“ใชใŒใ“ใ“ใง็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:59
Write it in the comments.
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:01
So depending on your native language you will find
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€
12:05
one way of pronouncing these words a little easier
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
12:09
than the other.
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ใ€‚
12:10
Perhaps the American 'girl' is easier for you
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
12:15
or maybe the British pronunciation 'girl'.
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ใ‹ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:19
Whatever! It really doesn't matter.
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ใชใ‚“ใงใ‚‚ใ„ใ„๏ผ ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:22
My advice is to experiment with both pronunciations
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็งใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฏใ€ไธกๆ–นใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰
12:26
and then just do what feels easiest
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12:29
and most comfortable for you.
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ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงๅฟซ้ฉใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
12:31
Both pronunciations are acceptable
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚‚ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œ
12:33
and the most important thing is that you are understood
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ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏใ€็†่งฃ
12:37
and that you feel comfortable making these sounds.
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ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅฟซ้ฉใซไฝœๆˆใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
12:42
So do whatever helps you to feel most comfortable.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅฟซ้ฉใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:45
So that's it for this pronunciation lesson,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ“ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ
12:48
if you want to keep practising your pronunciation
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็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
12:51
with me, then check out these lessons right here.
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ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:54
Make sure you hit subscribe
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12:56
if you haven't subscribed already
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ใพใ ใ‚ตใƒ–ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ‚ตใƒ–ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฆ
12:58
and I'll see you in the next lesson. Bye for now!
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๆฌกใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใพใŸใญ๏ผ

Original video on YouTube.com
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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