Liam Young: Planet City -- a sci-fi vision of an astonishing regenerative future | TED

譯者: 柏陞 郭 審譯者: Helen Chang

More than 10 billion people.

超過 100 億人。

Over 7,000 languages spoken.

使用的語言超過 7000 種。

90 million songs, 42 billion fruit trees,

9000 萬首歌曲，

420 億棵水果樹，

900 zettabytes of data,

900 ZB 的資料量，

90 million beehives,

9000 萬個蜂窩，

six million dentists,

600 萬名牙醫，

142 million square kilometers of protected park

1420 萬平方公里的保育公園，

and one city.

以及一個城市。

(Ambient music)

（背景音樂）

A Planet City.

一座星球市。

What I've just described is my thought experiment

我剛才描述的，是我的思想實驗，

for this world called Planet City,

主題是叫做「星球市」的世界，

an imaginary city for 10 billion people.

它是個假想的城市，有一百億居民。

The projected global population of the world in 2050.

這個數字正是預測 2050 年 全世界的人口數。

I design environments for the film and television industry,

我在電影電視產業中負責設計環境，

and I believe that by creating imaginary worlds,

我相信，

藉由創造假想的世界， 我們在情緒上可以連結到

we can connect emotionally to the ideas and challenges of our future.

一些想法，並挑戰我們的未來。

So we've been creating Planet City

我們之所以創作出星球市，是在因應

in response to the rising red line on the graph of climate change

氣候變遷圖上不斷上升的紅線，

because world building and storytelling

因為建造世界和說故事

can do so much more than just visualize this data.

能發揮的作用遠勝於 只把這些資料視覺化呈現。

They can help us to dramatize data.

它們能協助我們戲劇化地展現資料。

So in speculative cities,

所以，在推測出的城市中，

we can immerse ourselves in the various consequences

我們可以體驗現今面臨的決策 會造成的各種結果。

of the decisions we face today.

They can be both cautionary tales or road maps to an aspirational future.

這些城市可以是警示性的故事，

或者是通往夢寐以求未來的指南。

So I invite you all to join me as we journey along the canals of Planet City.

所以，我想邀請大家加入我，

一同踏上這段星球市的運河之旅。

If we listen, we can hear the hum and crackle

如果我們聆聽，就能聽見 不斷閃爍的藍紅 LED 燈

of flickering blue and red LEDs

發出嗡嗡聲和細碎爆裂聲，

as they illuminate the lower reaches of the city's farm fields.

這些燈照亮了該城市中的農田下游。

It smells of soil and hard drives

味道聞起來像是土壤、

硬碟，

and sweet fruit.

和香甜的水果。

A purple sunrise over a new kind of wild.

在一種新式的野外， 可看見紫色的日出。

So five years ago, seminal biologist Edward O. Wilson

五年前，

開創性的生物學家艾德華 O. 威爾森

proposed a new world he called Half-Earth,

提出了一種新世界， 他稱為「半地球」，

a plan to stave off mass extinction by devoting half the surface of the earth

為了推遲物種滅絕， 計畫是要將地球表面的一半

completely to nature

完全交給大自然，

在剩下的另一半表面上， 強化人類的發展。

and then consolidating human development to the other half that would remain.

And this is where the speculation of Planet City began.

星球市的推測，就從這裡開始。

And as we started to visualize and design

當我們開始視覺化呈現和設計這個

this radical reversal of our planetary sprawl,

地球雜亂發展的極端大反轉，

we soon realized we could actually go much further.

我們很快就發現， 我們可以做的遠不只如此。

In its most provocative form,

用最具挑撥性的形式，

at the intensity of the densest city that already exists,

搭配現存人口最密集之城市的強度，

Planet City could occupy as little as 0.02 percent earth.

星球市也只需佔據

地球少少的 0.02%。

Could we imagine coming to such a global consensus,

我們能否想像， 全球達成這樣的共識，

radically reversing all of our existing assumptions?

大大反轉我們所有的既有假設？

What would it take?

要付出什麼代價？

What would it look like?

看起來會是什麼樣子？

(Ambient music)

（背景音樂）

So our Planet City would allow us to surrender

我們的星球市會讓我們

almost the entirety of the globe to nature,

可以把幾乎整個地球 都奉還給大自然，

to return stolen lands and rewild in our wake.

把偷走的土地物歸原主， 恢復原本樣貌。

A new national park of the world to be visited and tended,

這個世界會有一個新的國家公園 可以參訪、照料，

not engineered for extraction.

不是為了榨取而設計。

曾經讓我們分裂的隱形隔線

The invisible lines that once divided us would fade beneath this planet of trees.

會在這個長滿樹木的星球下褪去。

In the streets of Planet City

在星球市的街道上，我們可以

we can prototype some of the necessary lifestyle changes that might be required

針對一些維持人類生存 所必要的生活方式改變

in order for us to sustain human life.

設計出原型。

我們可以探討這樣的 新世界會如何演化，

We can explore how such a new world could evolve,

not in a singular forced move,

不是被迫一步就完成，

but perhaps in a slow, multigenerational retreat from the world we once knew.

也許是緩慢、

經過數個世代的時間，漸漸 從我們曾經熟悉的世界退出來。

To build Planet City, we could remine our old cities rather than virgin ground.

要建造星球市，

我們可以利用舊有的城市，

不用從零開始。

No new resources would need to be consumed or extracted to build this city.

不需要消耗或粹取新資源 來建造這個城市。

The world's shipping fleet that currently scatters matter ripped from the earth

目前世界上的運輸業 是在將從地球剝奪的物質

分散到我們的購物中心和店面，

into our malls and storefronts

could be reversed

我們可以反轉這個現象，改變目的，

and repurposed to bring all this material back together again

將這些材料重新帶回到

into the geological strata of our new city.

新城市的地質層當中。

The ghosts of nation states would give way to new neighborhoods

民族國家的鬼魂會讓步給新的鄰里，

以共同的文化慣例為基礎 形成的新鄰里，

that could be formed around shared cultural practices

as we perform new myths of care, belonging and recreation.

而我們以歸屬和再生為 表達關懷的新方式。

(Ambient music)

(背景音樂)

If we were to map all the world's celebrations onto a calendar,

假使我們將世上所有的節慶 繪製在一份日曆上，

then we'd realize that running through Planet City

我們將會發現，穿梭於星球市之間

would be this continuous festival procession

就如同參加一連串持續不斷的慶典

dancing across a 365 day loop, each day amongst the flickering confetti.

以365天為一個循環，每天都在 五彩斑斕的碎紙中跳舞。

It would intersect with the new carnival culture,

那交織出全新的狂歡節文化，

endlessly cycling through new colors, costumes and cacophonies.

將會透過嶄新的顏色、服飾和喧鬧聲 不停地循環下去。

And to design the systems of Planet City,

為了設計星球市多樣的的系統，

we travelled to and filmed

我們曾四處旅行和拍攝

all of the megascaled renewable energy and agriculture sites

現今世界上所有存在的 大型再生能源場和農業用地:

that currently exist around the world today:

the world's largest solar farm in the Mojave Desert,

譬如位於莫哈維沙漠中 全世界面積最大的太陽能發電場，

the illuminated indoor farms protecting crops from harsh Siberian winters,

為了保護作物對抗西伯利亞 嚴峻寒冬的室內光照農場，

the most productive wind energy network in Gansu, China,

位於中國甘肅省 產能最多的風力發電網，

the world's largest algae farm in Western Australia.

以及位在西澳洲 全世界最大的水藻養殖場。

These monumental infrastructures

這些足以青史名留的基礎建設

are evidence that much of the technologies required

恰好證明幾乎所有需要用來支撐

to support the generation of our climate

我們這股趨勢的科技

are actually already here.

早就已經到齊了。

And in Planet City, we just remove the political roadblocks

所以在星球市裡，我們只需排除 政治的阻礙

or the lack of cultural investment that's currently holding them back

或者是由於缺乏對文化發展的投資， 使得建設現在正停滯不前。

and we visualize them operating at these global scales,

當我們想像這些建設 以全球規模運作的同時，

but not forgotten out on an industrial periphery,

不要忘記我們的生活並不是只有科技，

but woven through the very fabric and life of the city itself.

生活是科技和在城市裡的每一刻 互相交織所構成的。

So before dawn breaks in Planet City,

在破曉前的星球市，

thousands of autonomous cleaning blades squeak along the solar fields.

太陽能電廠上數以千計的自動清潔刷 正因打掃嘎吱作響。

Waves of mirrors will ripple to rotate to chase the changing light.

一波波的鏡面還會隨時間翻轉調整， 以追蹤變化的日光。

A billion panels collected from all over the world.

這十億多片太陽能板 是自世界各地收集而來。

And the batteries of Planet City will be alive with fish and pink algae,

而星球市的電池 將會與魚和粉紅藻共生。

as excess wind and solar power

至於過剩的風力和太陽能，

will be used to pump water through the canals

會用於把水從運河

to high-altitude holding lakes in the city's upper floors.

抽往城市上層，海拔更高的儲存湖泊。

Power will be stored here as potential energy

電力會儲存在這作為預備能源

rather than resource-intensive lithium batteries.

而非使用資源技術密集的鋰電池。

And tides rise and fall as the lights glow and turbines spin.

每當潮起潮落，都將伴隨著 光線亮起和渦輪引擎轉動。

So although wildly provocative,

所以，雖然這些想法深具啟發性，

imaginary worlds can be grounded

這些想像中的世界仍然能夠透過

in the real science and technology of the present moment,

真實的科學和現有科技顯現，

meaning we can project ourselves into these futures.

意思是指我們能夠投射自身 到這些未來中。

What would it be like to live here, to fish amongst the city battery lakes,

住在這樣的環境是什麼感覺？ 在城市儲藏電力的湖泊中釣魚?

to follow the seasons up through the towers,

隨著四季遷移改變在樓房中的住處，

collecting honey with the Planet City beekeepers,

或是跟著星球市的養蜂人採蜜?

to fall in love amongst the pink algae blooms before harvest?

還是愛上了豐收前夕 恣意綻放的粉紅藻海?

So Planet City is not a proposal.

星球市可不單單只是一份提案，

However, it's a provocation.

而是一個啟示。

It's a thought experiment that shows us

這是一場思考實驗：

we don't need to tread so hard across the Earth

我們不必如此糟蹋地球，

because if we can get these systems working at the scale of 10 billion,

因為如果我們能夠將這些系統 應用到100億人的規模，

then the only things stopping us

那麼唯一能夠阻擋我們

rethinking and consolidating our existing cities is ourselves,

去反覆思考和固守我們現有城市的 只有我們自己，

our own politics and prejudices, biases and blind spots.

以及我們的政治和偏見、偏差和盲點。

So in many ways,

因此無論如何，

all of us have been living in a planetary-scaled city all along.

從過去到現在我們仍然各自居住在 如行星般分隔的城市中。

We have urbanized our planet

我們將這顆星球如城市般分割，

from the scale of the cell to the tectonic plate.

小至我們的細胞，大至地殼板塊。

Planet City is both entirely fictional,

星球市既是完全虛構，

but also already here.

卻又已經存在。

Simultaneously, a challenging image of a possible tomorrow

它同時是提供一個有可能的未來， 一幅充滿挑戰性的圖像，

and an urgent illumination of the environmental questions

也為我們現在面對的環境問題 及時映照出一條道路。

that are facing us today.

So at the end of our journey,

在我們這趟旅程的最後，

as we've been wandering through this sci-fi safari through Planet City,

我們已經藉由科幻小說的方式 瀏覽了星球市的模型，

we will return to where we first started to look back on our own cities again,

我們將回到原點， 再一次瞧瞧我們自己的城市，

but with new eyes.

但是是以一個全新的觀點。

This journey has been a call to actively visualize our possible futures.

這趟旅程是一個號召，要我們 主動去想像那許多可能的未來。

Imaginary worlds in which we can collectively shape

我們可以共同塑造想像的世界，

where we all might want to go next.

那些我們或想踏上的未來。

Thank you.

謝謝你們。