How vultures can help solve crimes | Lauren Pharr

63,027 views ใƒป 2018-06-22

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ์ˆ˜์—ฐ ๊น€ ๊ฒ€ํ† : JY Kang
00:13
[This talk contains graphic images]
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[์ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค]
00:17
My parents always wanted me to be a doctor.
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์ €ํฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
But a doctor that studies how vultures eat dead things
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฃฝ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š”
00:25
is probably not the type of doctor my parents had in mind.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ €ํฌ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:29
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:30
I study vulture scavenging behavior and how vultures affect crime scenes.
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์ €๋Š” ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ฒด ์ฒญ์†Œ ํ–‰๋™์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
I'm here to talk to you about how we take vultures for granted
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
in forensic science.
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00:40
Before we do that, I want to tell you a story.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
00:43
So we're going to take a trip, all 1,000 of us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋– ๋‚  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
It's May 2014 and we're standing in a park in Nashville, Tennessee,
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2014๋…„ 5์›”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ…Œ๋„ค์‹œ์ฃผ ๋‚ด์Šˆ๋นŒ์˜ ์–ด๋Š ๊ณต์›์— ์„œ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:49
because we've been at a horse race.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋งˆ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:51
As we wait for the porta potty,
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ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค ์ค„์— ์„œ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
00:54
we see two ladies in their Sunday best:
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์˜ท์„ ์ž˜ ์ฐจ๋ ค์ž…์€ ์•„๊ฐ€์”จ ๋‘˜์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
00:57
heels, pearls and lovely, floppy derby hats.
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๋†’์€ ๊ตฌ๋‘์— ์ง„์ฃผ ๋ชฉ๊ฑธ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ ˆ์ด์Šค ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ ์˜ˆ์œ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์ผ๋„ค์š”.
01:01
At any moment, we expect them to start talking
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜ˆ์ƒ์—๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๊ณง
01:03
about their grandma's fine china.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋“ค์ด ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋„์ž๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:06
But they don't.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
Instead, we hear them say,
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๋Œ€์‹ ์—, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
"Oh, look.
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"์–ด๋จธ, ์ €๊ธฐ ๋ด.
01:11
Something must be dead."
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์€ ๊ฒŒ ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์–ด."
01:14
We look up and to the left and see vultures circling round and round.
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์œ„๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด ์›์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋น™๋น™ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
It occurred to me at this very moment
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
that if these ladies at the derby
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์ € ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ด ๋‘ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋„
01:24
are aware of vulture's connection to death,
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ ์ •๋„์ธ๋ฐ
01:26
then why aren't we talking more about these birds at crime scenes?
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์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ํ˜„์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰์กฐ์ฐจ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€?
01:31
People know that vultures are connected to death.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
But they don't really understand how.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
01:38
For example, here's an email I received from a detective in Louisiana:
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฃจ์ด์ง€์• ๋‚˜์˜ ์–ด๋Š ํ˜•์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
01:44
"Lauren, there's been a kidnapping.
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"๋กœ๋ Œ, ๋‚ฉ์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
What buzzards or vultures do we have in Louisiana?"
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๋ฃจ์ด์ง€์• ๋‚˜์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋Œ€๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ ?"
01:52
Before we address the kidnapping,
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๋‚ฉ์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
01:54
I'll first address this buzzard/vulture question I get all the time.
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์ €๋Š” ๋Š˜ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋จผ์ € ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
Buzzards don't live in the United States.
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๋Œ€๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
They are hawks that live in Europe.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋งค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
The big black birds you see circling in the sky within the US are vultures.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ์›์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์€ ์ƒˆ๋Š” ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
The two types of vultures that live in Louisiana
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๋ฃจ์ด์ง€์• ๋‚˜์—๋Š” ๋‘ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
are the turkey vulture and black vulture.
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ํ„ฐํ‚ค ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฒ€์€ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
02:13
To fully understand the role of vultures in forensic science,
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๊ณผํ•™์ˆ˜์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:17
I'll walk you through this forensic case.
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์ด ๊ณผํ•™์ˆ˜์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์งš์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
From the email, certain things become apparent.
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์ด ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
We can assume the detective thinks the individual is dead.
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๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€์€ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
And he wants to use the birds to try to find the body.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:32
Like the ladies in Nashville,
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๋‚ด์Šˆ๋นŒ์˜ ๊ทธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
02:34
the detective thinks that vultures circling in the sky
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๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€์€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—
02:38
will lead him to the body.
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์‹œ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
It's not that simple.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
02:44
I don't know if you've ever seen a vulture up close
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘์— ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์„œ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๋‚ธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
02:46
or spent much time with them,
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02:47
but they're huge, huge.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ฃผ ํฐ ์ƒˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์ปค์š”.
02:49
Six-foot wingspan.
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๋‚ ๊ฐœ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ 1.8m๋‚˜ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Vultures circle in the air
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
02:53
because they are too big to flap their wings and fly,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ปค์„œ ๋‚ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํผ๋•์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
02:55
so they soar.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:57
They soar in thermals, which are vortexes or little tornadoes
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋Œ€๊ธฐ ๊ธฐ์••์ฐจ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์†Œ์šฉ๋Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž‘์€ ํ† ๋„ค์ด๋„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ ๋‚ ์ฃ .
03:01
caused by pressure differences in the air
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03:04
that form throughout the day as the sun heats up the ground.
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๋‚ฎ์— ํƒœ์–‘์ด ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ์šธ ๋•Œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์••์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์ฃ .
03:07
Therefore, when you see a circling vulture,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ, ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:10
the bird is usually traveling from point A to B,
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๋ณดํ†ต์€ A ์ง€์ ์—์„œ B์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
rather than circling above something dead.
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์‚ฌ์ฒด์˜ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
03:17
Actually, if you want to use a vulture to try to find a body,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์‹œ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:22
look for a vulture in a tree or on a fence post.
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์šธํƒ€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
Vultures are too big and slow to hunt.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฌ๊ณ  ๋Š๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
So they have to scavenge.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฃฝ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
03:31
In fact, vultures are the only animals in the world
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ ์ƒ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋จน์ด๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š”
03:33
that depend upon death as a food source.
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์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
The turkey vulture that you see here is super cool,
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์ด ๋ฉ‹์žˆ์–ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํ„ฐํ‚ค ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:39
because it's one of the few bird species that can actually smell.
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๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
It hones in on the deceased by sensing a chemical
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š”
03:45
that's coming off the body during decay.
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ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
The evolutionary role of the vulture
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์ง„ํ™” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€
03:51
is to rid the earth of harmful toxins produced following death.
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์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์ฃฝ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ๋…์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Once death has been detected,
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์ฃฝ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ฉด
03:58
the turkey vulture lands and quickly scavenges.
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ํ„ฐํ‚ค ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฐฉ๋ฅ™ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์ฒด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
Vultures usually remove the eyes first,
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋จผ์ € ๋จน์–ด์น˜์šฐ๊ณ 
04:05
then tear the skin,
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ฐข์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
start pulling the tissues, and leave you with a skeleton.
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์‚ด์„ ์žก์•„๋œฏ์–ด์„œ ๋ผˆ๋งŒ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
04:11
Therefore, the importance of vultures is not in the air,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์€ ๊ณต์ค‘์—์„œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
04:14
but on the ground.
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๋•…์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:16
Vulture scavenging is somewhat gruesome.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ฒด ์ฒญ์†Œ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์†Œ๋ฆ„๋ผ์น  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
If you're ever on a bad first date,
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์ฒซ ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ง˜์— ์•ˆ ๋“ ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:22
just reference this talk,
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์ด ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:23
and I don't think you'll have to worry
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋˜ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์ด ์˜ฌ๊นŒ๋ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
about your potential suitor giving you another call.
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04:28
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:30
Although gruesome, vultures are key forensic players,
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์†Œ๋ฆ„ ๋ผ์น˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•ด๋„, ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ˆ˜์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•ด๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
and here's why.
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:36
Vultures will consume a dead human
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃฝ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
just like they will consume roadkill.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ ์ฃฝ์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋จน๋“ฏ์ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:42
But you don't ever hear about that,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์€ ์ ๋„ ์—†์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
04:44
and it's because vultures are so good at what they do.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
If vultures depend on death for survival and if they scavenge humans,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ์€ ๊ฑธ ๋จน๊ณ  ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฒญ์†Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:52
then how can vultures be absent from forensic textbooks and training manuals?
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋ฒ•์˜ํ•™ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ๋‚˜ ๊ต์œก ์ž๋ฃŒ์— ์—†์„ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ž–์•„์š”?
04:56
The answer:
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
04:58
the tradition has been for researchers to exclude animal scavengers
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ถ€ํŒจ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€
์‚ฌ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋จน๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
05:02
from decomposition studies
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05:03
by placing a cage over the decaying subject matter.
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๋ถ€ํŒจํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ฒด ์œ„์— ์ƒˆ์žฅ์„ ๋ฎ์–ด ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
Why?
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์™œ๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”?
05:09
Because researchers were afraid an animal would run away with their subject matter
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€
๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์กฐ์‚ฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋„๋ง๊ฐ€๋ฉด ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์–ด์งˆ๊นŒ๋ด ๋‘๋ ค์› ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:13
and they wouldn't have any data to report --
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05:15
consequently excluding animals' results in a lengthy skeletonization process,
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ณจ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
05:21
and this information is currently what detectives use during investigations.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์–ป์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:26
A lot of times at a crime scene when people see a skeletonized body,
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋ผˆ๋งŒ ๋‚จ์€ ์‚ฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ณดํ†ต์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
they think, "Wow, this has been here for a really long time undiscovered."
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"์™€, ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฑ„๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜๋ด."
05:35
Oh, no, no, no, no.
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์˜ค, ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
05:38
Vultures accelerate decay.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€ํŒจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†์‹œํ‚จ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
And the skeletonized body could have been there
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๋ฐฑ๊ณจํ™”๋œ ์‚ฌ์ฒด๋Š”
05:42
for as little as five days if scavenged by vultures.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ตœ์†Œ 5์ผ ์•ˆ์— ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
The failure to account for vulture scavenging
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด
05:50
can result in forensic scientists inaccurately estimating
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์‚ฌ๋งํ•œ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„
05:52
how long someone has been dead
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๋ฒ•์˜ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ž˜๋ชป ์ถ”์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
05:55
and then searching through the wrong missing person's files.
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์‹ค์ข…์ž ๋ช…๋‹จ์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
Therefore, the goal is to get forensic scientists to focus on vulture evidence
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์˜ํ•™์ž๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ๊ธด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:02
and to get law enforcement to consider vulture scavenging
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๋ฒ• ์ง‘ํ–‰ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ฒด ์ฒญ์†Œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์„œ
06:05
and a possible recent death when skeletal remains are found.
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๋ฐฑ๊ณจํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ง ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
Let's get back to the importance of the kidnapping case.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ฉ์น˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:13
I responded to the detectives
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์ €๋Š” ํ˜•์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ๋‹ต์žฅ์—
06:14
and told them that vultures like areas with water.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
They like areas with white-tailed deer,
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ํฐ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์Šด์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:19
they typically arrive within the first five days following death,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์ฃฝ์€ ์ง€ 5์ผ ์ด๋‚ด์— ์‚ฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์— ์™€์„œ
06:22
they're going to leave an intact spinal column and feathers.
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์˜จ์ „ํ•œ ์ฒ™์ถ”์™€ ํ„ธ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธด๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์คฌ์ฃ .
06:27
The detectives write back and say,
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๊ทธ ๋’ค, ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ต์žฅ์ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
"We found the body buried in a shallow grave.
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"์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์–•์€ ๋ฌด๋ค์— ๋ฌปํ˜€์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
We also found the feathers you mentioned."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ง๋Œ€๋กœ ๊นƒํ„ธ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:35
But there appeared to be a problem
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:37
because the feathers were located 40 yards from where the body was found.
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๊นƒํ„ธ์€ ์‚ฌ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์•ฝ 35m ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
The feathers were next to a bloody pine cone.
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๊นƒํ„ธ ์˜†์— ํ”ผ๋ฌป์€ ์†”๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:44
Vultures aren't attracted to blood, and they typically don't wander.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ณดํ†ต ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
They might wander 40 feet, but they're not going to wander 40 yards.
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12m ์ •๋„๋ฉด ๋ชฐ๋ผ๋„ 35m๋‚˜ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ์„œ ์„œ์„ฑ์ด์ง„ ์•Š์ฃ .
06:51
That would be a waste of energy
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๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ๋˜ ์–ธ์ œ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ
06:53
for a bird that doesn't know when it will get its next meal.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ง“์€ ์ฒด๋ ฅ ๋‚ญ๋น„์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
06:58
So my first job here was to determine if vultures were at the scene.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํŒ๋‹จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
Indeed, the feather by the pine cone was consistent with the turkey vulture.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์†”๋ฐฉ์šธ ์˜†์˜ ๊นƒํ„ธ์€ ํ„ฐํ‚ค ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
So why in the world would a vulture wander 40 yards?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ์™œ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” 35m๋‚˜ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ์„œ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹Œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
07:11
One of the reasons I love vultures
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
07:13
is because they tend to operate in a manner
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„
07:15
that can be explained by biology and physics.
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์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
I started mentally going through the numerous bating experiments
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์ €๋Š” ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค์˜ ์‹œ์ฒด ๋†์žฅ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ์‹คํ—˜๋“ค์„
07:20
I had conducted at a body farm in Texas.
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๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
A body farm is a place where you can donate your body to science.
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์‹œ์ฒด ๋†์žฅ์€ ๋ฒ•์˜ํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ์‹ ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
07:26
I also went through my experiences with trapping
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‹คํ—˜์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฐ€๋‘ฌ๋‘” ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์™€
07:31
and GPS tagging vultures.
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GPS๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ธ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:33
And then the year-long process of monitoring vultures
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๊ทธ๋•Œ GPS ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 1๋…„ ์ •๋„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
via remote GPS technology.
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07:38
Next, I brought up my field notes and had an "Aha!" moment.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ ํ˜„์žฅ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๋‹ค "์•„ํ•˜!"ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
I knew of two things that would lure a vulture 40 yards from a body.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ 35m ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ธํ•  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
07:47
Guts and brain matter.
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์žฅ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋‡Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
I presented this information to the detectives
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ธ๊ณ 
07:53
and learned that they suspected the victim had been incapacitated
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๊ฐ€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ๋‘”๊ธฐ๋กœ ์˜ํ•œ ์™ธ์ƒ์„ ์ž…๊ณ 
07:57
by blunt force trauma to the head.
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์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์˜์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
The blow to the head was thought to have occurred
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ณณ์€
์†”๋ฐฉ์šธ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๊ณณ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
08:01
in the area where the pine cone was found,
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08:03
and then the victim was drug 40 yards and buried in a shallow grave.
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ํ”ผํ•ด์ž๋ฅผ 35m ์ •๋„ ๋Œ๊ณ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์–•์€ ๋ฌด๋ค์— ๋ฌป์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
This suggested that brain matter was the lure for the vulture
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๋‡Œ์˜ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์„ ์œ ์ธํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
08:13
and illustrates how studying vulture behavior
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
08:17
can help piece together some of the evidence.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋“ค์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
The detectives also sent me this photo.
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๊ทธ ํ›„, ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
The victim's arm is sticking up out of the grave.
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ํ”ผํ•ด์ž์˜ ํŒ”์ด ๋ฌด๋ค ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™€์žˆ์ฃ .
08:28
As a forensic scientist, you have to think about the whole picture.
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๋ฒ• ์˜ํ•™์ž๋ผ๋ฉด ์ „์ฒด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
The feather by the pine cone indicated that vultures were at the scene.
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์†”๋ฐฉ์šธ ์˜†์˜ ๊นƒํ„ธ์€ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
This crime scene photo also depicts
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜„์žฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ
08:39
characteristic vulture scavenging behavior.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ์ฒด ์ฒญ์†Œ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ํŠน์ง•์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
We zoom in, we see a white down feather,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด
ํ„ฐํ‚ค ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ธ ํ•˜์–€ ๊นƒํ„ธ์ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
which is characteristic of the turkey vulture.
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08:49
Also note that the skin has a cut-like tear near the wrist.
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์†๋ชฉ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ๋ฒ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฐข์–ด์ง„ ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:54
The turkey vulture smells the decay, lands.
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ํ„ฐํ‚ค ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ถ€ํŒจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:58
It can get through the pine needles,
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์†Œ๋‚˜๋ฌด ์žŽ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค์ž
09:00
pull out the hand,
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์†์„ ๋„์ง‘์–ด๋‚ด์„œ
09:01
it's going to tear the skin with its beak
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๋ถ€๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ”ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ฐข๊ณ 
09:03
and then start pulling the soft tissues away from the bone.
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๋ผˆ์—์„œ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด ์กฐ์ง์„ ๋–ผ์–ด๋จน๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
Just tear and pull, tear and pull, tear and pull.
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๊ทธ์ € ๋–ผ์–ด๋จน๊ณ , ๋–ผ์–ด๋จน๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์ฃ .
09:12
This photo illustrates the scavenging efficiency of vultures.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋œฏ์–ด๋จน๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
This is important because it helps support the time line
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
์ด๋“ค์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€๋“ค์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
the detectives are putting together for the murder.
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09:22
There's not a whole lot of evidence.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
You're not likely going to see the vultures at the crime scene.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
Instead, vultures just leave these very subtle clues.
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๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋– ๋‚  ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
09:31
Rather than looking for the vulture,
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
09:33
look for the feathers and pristine bones.
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๊นƒํ„ธ๊ณผ ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
Vultures are important
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
09:38
because they are so good and fast at what they do.
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์‹œ์ฒด ์ฒญ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ, ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
They're like tornadoes.
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ํšŒ์˜ค๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ฃ .
09:43
If you blink, you will miss them.
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๋ˆˆ ๊นœ๋นกํ•  ์ƒˆ์— ์—†์• ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
I provided my opinion about the vulture evidence to the detective.
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์ €๋Š” ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ๊ธด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ €์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
And he presented the vulture evidence in court.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€์€ ๋ฒ•์ •์— ๊ทธ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ–ˆ์ฃ .
09:54
The kidnapping case was a death penalty case.
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๊ทธ ๋‚ฉ์น˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ์‚ฌํ˜• ์„ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
And the defendant was found guilty.
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ํ”ผ๊ณ ๋Š” ์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ฃ .
10:00
This case illustrates how studying vulture behavior
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์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
10:05
helps innovate forensic science.
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๋ฒ•์˜ํ•™ ํ˜์‹ ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
Someone who has been murdered
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์‚ดํ•ด๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:11
deserves the most thorough investigation possible.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋นˆํ‹ˆ์—†๋Š” ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
When we include vultures in forensic studies,
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๋ฒ•์˜ํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ๋” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
we paint a more thorough picture of what happened, when it happened
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
์–ธ์ œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๊ณ 
10:21
and who it happened to.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:23
So, the next time you're at a crime scene with a dead body --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์‹œ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ˜„์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ฉด..
10:28
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:29
look to the ground to find the clues vultures have left.
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๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ๊ธด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:32
And if anyone ever brings up vultures on a date,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ์ดํŠธ์— ๋…์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
10:37
you'll know they're a keeper.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์œก์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
(Applause)
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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