How to put the power of law in people's hands | Vivek Maru

51,192 views ใƒป 2018-02-07

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Eunjeong Jeong ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
I want to tell you about someone.
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์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
I'm going to call him Ravi Nanda.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ผ๋น„ ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
I'm changing his name to protect his safety.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Ravi's from a community of herdspeople in Gujarat
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๋ผ๋น„๋Š” ์ธ๋„ ์„œํ•ด์•ˆ์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ
00:24
on the western coast of India,
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๊ตฌ์ž๋ผํŠธ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋™ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ถœ์‹ ์œผ๋กœ
00:26
same place my own family comes from.
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์ œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
When he was 10 years old, his entire community was forced to move
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ 10์‚ด์ด์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
because a multinational corporation
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค๊ตญ์  ๊ธฐ์—…์ด
00:37
constructed a manufacturing facility on the land where they lived.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ๋•…์— ์ œ์กฐ ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ๊ฑด์„คํ•˜์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Then, 20 years later, the same company built a cement factory
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  20๋…„ ๋’ค ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ
00:48
100 meters from where they live now.
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100๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ณณ์— ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ๊ฑด์„คํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
India has got strong environmental regulations on paper,
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์ธ๋„๋Š” ์„œ๋ฅ˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๊ทœ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
00:56
but this company has violated many of them.
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์ด ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
Dust from that factory covers Ravi's mustache
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๊ณต์žฅ์˜ ๋จผ์ง€๋Š” ๋ผ๋น„์˜ ์ˆ˜์—ผ๊ณผ
01:02
and everything he wears.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋’ค๋ฎ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
I spent just two days in his place, and I coughed for a week.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ดํ‹€์„ ์ง€๋ƒˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๊ธฐ์นจ์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Ravi says that if people or animals eat anything that grows in his village
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด ์ด ๋งˆ์„์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
01:15
or drink the water,
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๋ฌผ์„ ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„ํ”„๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ 
01:17
they get sick.
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๋ผ๋น„๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
He says children now walk long distances with cattle and buffalo
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ชฉ์ดˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ
01:24
to find uncontaminated grazing land.
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์†Œ์™€ ๋ฒ„ํŒ”๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ๋จผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
He says many of those kids have dropped out of school,
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๋ผ๋น„์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์„ธ ๋ช…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š”
01:31
including three of his own.
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ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์ค‘ํ‡ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Ravi has appealed to the company for years.
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๋ผ๋น„๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐ์—…์— ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ˜ธ์†Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
He said, "I've written so many letters my family could cremate me with them.
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"๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์“ด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํŽธ์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ™”์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:43
They wouldn't need to buy any wood."
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๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์‚ด ํ•„์š”์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์„๊ฑธ์š”" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ผ๋น„๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:47
He said the company ignored every one of those letters,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํŽธ์ง€๋“ค์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
and so in 2013,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2013๋…„
01:53
Ravi Nanda decided to use the last means of protest
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๋ผ๋น„ ๋‚œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœํ›„์˜ ํ•ญ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„
01:58
he thought he had left.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
He walked to the gates of that factory with a bucket of petrol in his hands,
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์†์— ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ํ•œ ํ†ต์„ ๋“ ์ฑ„
02:05
intending to set himself on fire.
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๊ณต์žฅ ์ž…๊ตฌ๋กœ ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„์‹ ์ž์‚ด ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:10
Ravi is not alone in his desperation.
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๋ผ๋น„๋Š” ์ ˆ๋ง ์†์—์„œ ํ˜ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
The UN estimates that worldwide,
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UN์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ 40์–ต ๋ช…์— ๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
02:16
four billion people live without basic access to justice.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์žฌํŒ๊ถŒ ์—†์ด ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
These people face grave threats to their safety, their livelihoods,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•ˆ์ „๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ณ„, ์กด์—„์„ฑ์˜ ํฐ ์œ„ํ˜‘์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
their dignity.
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02:29
There are almost always laws on the books that would protect these people,
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์ฑ…๋“ค์— ๋‚˜์™€์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
02:34
but they've often never heard of those laws,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฒ•๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
02:36
and the systems that are supposed to enforce those laws
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ์ง‘ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋“ค์€
02:40
are corrupt or broken or both.
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๋ณ€์งˆ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€์ผœ์ง€์ง€๋„ ์•Š์ฃ .
02:45
We are living with a global epidemic of injustice,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•จ์ด ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•œ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
but we've been choosing to ignore it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:54
Right now, in Sierra Leone,
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ํ˜„์žฌ, ์‹œ์—๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜จ
02:57
in Cambodia, in Ethiopia,
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์บ„๋ณด๋””์•„, ์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„์˜
03:00
farmers are being cajoled
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ํšŒ์œ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
into putting their thumbprints on 50-year lease agreements,
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50๋…„ ์ž„๋Œ€๊ณ„์•ฝ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:07
signing away all the land they've ever known for a pittance
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์€ ๋ˆ์ด๋‚˜๋งˆ ๋ฒŒ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋•…์„ ์ž„๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
without anybody even explaining the terms.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„์•ฝ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
Governments seem to think that's OK.
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์ •๋ถ€๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
Right now, in the United States,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ
03:20
in India, in Slovenia,
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์ธ๋„, ์Šฌ๋กœ๋ฒ ๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ๋Š”
03:23
people like Ravi are raising their children
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๋ผ๋น„์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
in the shadow of factories or mines
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๊ณต์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ๋“ค์˜ ๊ทธ๋Š˜๋ฐ‘์—์„œ์š”.
03:29
that are poisoning their air and their water.
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋…์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค์—ผ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
There are environmental laws that would protect these people,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฒ•์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:36
but many have never seen those laws,
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๊ทธ ๋ฒ•์„ ์ง‘ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
03:37
let alone having a shot at enforcing them.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
And the world seems to have decided that's OK.
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์„ธ์ƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
What would it take to change that?
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์Šจ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:48
Law is supposed to be the language we use
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๋ฒ•์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
to translate our dreams about justice
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฟˆ๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹คํ˜„์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:55
into living institutions that hold us together.
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๋˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ด์•„์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
Law is supposed to be the difference
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๋ฒ•์ด ๋ถ„๋ณ„ํ•ด์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
between a society ruled by the most powerful
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๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ง€๋ฐฐ๋ฐ›๋Š”์‚ฌํšŒ์™€
04:04
and one that honors the dignity of everyone,
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๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ฝํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
04:07
strong or weak.
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์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:09
That's why I told my grandmother 20 years ago
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์ €๋Š” 20์—ฌ๋…„ ์ „, ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ป˜
04:11
that I wanted to go to law school.
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๋ฒ•๋Œ€์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
Grandma didn't pause. She didn't skip a beat.
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์œผ๋‚˜
04:16
She said to me, "Lawyer is liar."
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๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์Ÿ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:23
That was discouraging.
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์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ธฐ์†Œ์นจํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:25
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:29
But grandma's right, in a way.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋ง์”€์€ ์˜ณ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
Something about law and lawyers has gone wrong.
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๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
04:35
We lawyers are usually expensive, first of all,
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๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์ž„๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๋น„์‹ผ ํŽธ์ด๊ณ 
04:39
and we tend to focus on formal court channels
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฒ•์ • ์ ˆ์ฐจ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
that are impractical for many of the problems people face.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
Worse, our profession has shrouded law in a cloak of complexity.
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์„ค์ƒ๊ฐ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
Law is like riot gear on a police officer.
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๋ฒ•์€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€๋“ค์˜ ํญ๋™ ์ง„์••๋ณต๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
It's intimidating and impenetrable,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋šซ๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:59
and it's hard to tell there's something human underneath.
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๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
If we're going to make justice a reality for everyone,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
05:07
we need to turn law from an abstraction or a threat
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์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ธ ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜
05:11
into something that every single person can understand, use and shape.
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์žˆ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
Lawyers are crucial in that fight, no doubt,
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ, ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹ธ์›€์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
but we can't leave it to lawyers alone.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ๋งก๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
In health care, for example,
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์˜๋ฃŒ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฉด
05:27
we don't just rely on doctors to serve patients.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
We have nurses and midwives and community health workers.
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๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ์™€ ์‚ฐํŒŒ, ์ง€์—ญ๋ณด๊ฑด ์ข…์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
05:35
The same should be true of justice.
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์€ ์ •์˜์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
Community legal workers,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ค€๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋‚˜
05:41
sometimes we call them community paralegals,
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๋งจ๋ฐœ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”
05:44
or barefoot lawyers,
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๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
05:46
can be a bridge.
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๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
These paralegals are from the communities they serve.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ค€๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
They demystify law,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”
05:53
break it down into simple terms,
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ 
05:55
and then they help people look for a solution.
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋•์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
They don't focus on the courts alone.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ•์ •์—๋งŒ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
They look everywhere:
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณณ๋“ค์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
ministry departments, local government, an ombudsman's office.
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์ •๋ถ€๋ถ€์ฒ˜, ์ง€์—ญ์ •๋ถ€ ํ–‰์ •๊ฐ์ฐฐ๊ด€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
06:07
Lawyers sometimes say to their clients,
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๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
"I'll handle it for you. I've got you."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๊ฑธ ํ•ด์ค„๊ฒŒ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:12
Paralegals have a different message,
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์ค€๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
not "I'm going to solve it for you,"
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"๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๊ฑธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”"๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:18
but "We're going to solve it together,
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:20
and in the process, we're both going to grow."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
Community paralegals saved my own relationship to law.
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์ง€์—ญ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ค€๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ €์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
After about a year in law school, I almost dropped out.
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๋ฒ•๋Œ€์— ๋‹ค๋‹Œ์ง€ 1๋…„ ํ›„ ์ €๋Š” ์ค‘ํ‡ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
I was thinking maybe I should have listened to my grandmother.
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ํ• ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:34
It was when I started working with paralegals
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์ €๋Š” 2003๋…„ ์‹œ์—๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜จ์—์„œ ์ค€๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
in Sierra Leone, in 2003,
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06:39
that I began feeling hopeful about the law again,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ํฌ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
and I have been obsessed ever since.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ•์— ๋ชฐ๋‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
Let me come back to Ravi.
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๋ผ๋น„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
06:50
2013, he did reach the gates of that factory
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2013๋…„์— ๊ทธ ๊ณต์žฅ ๋ฌธ์— ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ”์–ด์š”.
06:54
with the bucket of petrol in his hands,
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์†์— ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ํ•œ ํ†ต์„ ๋“ค๊ณ ์š”.
06:56
but he was arrested before he could follow through.
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์‹คํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ฒดํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
07:00
He didn't have to spend long in jail,
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๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํ•œ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
but he felt completely defeated.
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07:05
Then, two years later, he met someone.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  2๋…„ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
I'm going to call him Kush.
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฟ ์‰ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
07:10
Kush is part of a team of community paralegals
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์ฟ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ž๋ผํŠธ ์ฃผ์—์„œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๋Š”
07:14
that works for environmental justice on the Gujarat coast.
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์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ค€๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€ ํŒ€์˜ ์ผ์›์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
Kush explained to Ravi that there was law on his side.
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์ฟ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๋ผ๋น„์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
Kush translated into Gujarati something Ravi had never seen.
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๋ผ๋น„๊ฐ€ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๋ณธ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ž๋ผํŠธ์–ด๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:26
It's called the "consent to operate."
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹คํ–‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
It's issued by the state government,
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์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ณ ์š”.
07:30
and it allows the factory to run
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต์žฅ์šด์˜ ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
07:32
only if it complies with specific conditions.
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์˜ค์ง ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
So together, they compared the legal requirements with reality,
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฒ•์  ์š”๊ตฌ์™€ ์‹ค์ œ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:40
they collected evidence,
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:42
and they drafted an application --
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์ง€์›์„œ ์ดˆ์•ˆ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
not to the courts, but to two administrative institutions,
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๋ฒ•์ •์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ณตํ•ด ๋Œ€์ฑ…์œ„์›ํšŒ์™€ ํ–‰์ •๊ตฌ์—ญ ์œ„์›ํšŒ ๋‘ ๊ตฐ๋ฐ์˜ ํ–‰์ •๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค
07:48
the Pollution Control Board and the district administration.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ํ†ต์ œ๋ถ€์™€ ์ง€์—ญ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์—์š”.
07:52
Those applications started turning the creaky wheels of enforcement.
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์ง€์›์„œ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ•์ง‘ํ–‰์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
A pollution officer came for a site inspection,
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์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฅ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:02
and after that, the company started running an air filtration system
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์›๋ž˜ ์šด์˜ ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜
08:06
it was supposed to have been using all along.
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๊ณต๊ธฐ์ •ํ™” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
It also started covering the 100 trucks
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋งค์ผ ๊ณต์žฅ์„ ์˜ค๊ณ ๊ฐ€๋Š”
08:13
that come and go from that plant every day.
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100์—ฌ ๋Œ€์˜ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์— ์ฒœ์„ ๋ฎ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
Those two measures reduced the air pollution considerably.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์กฐ์น˜๋“ค์ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ ์˜ค์—ผ์„ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ค„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
The case is far from over,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ง ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
08:24
but learning and using law gave Ravi hope.
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๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ผ๋น„์—๊ฒŒ ํฌ๋ง์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
There are people like Kush walking alongside people like Ravi
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๋ผ๋น„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฑท๋Š” ์ฟ ์‰ฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
08:36
in many places.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
Today, I work with a group called Namati.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‚˜๋งˆํ‹ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน๊ณผ ์ผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
Namati helps convene a global network
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๋‚˜๋งˆํ‹ฐ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š”
08:43
dedicated to legal empowerment.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ง์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
All together, we are over a thousand organizations
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” 120์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์—์„œ
08:48
in 120 countries.
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ์—ฌ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์กฐ์ง์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
Collectively, we deploy tens of thousands of community paralegals.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ ์ค€๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Let me give you another example.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
08:58
This is Khadija Hamsa.
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์นด๋””์Ÿˆ ํ•จ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
She is one of five million people in Kenya who faces a discriminatory vetting process
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ฑ๋ก์ฆ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ฐจ๋ณ„๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€
09:07
when trying to obtain a national ID card.
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์ผ€๋ƒ์˜ 5์‹ญ์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
It is like the Jim Crow South in the United States.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ๋ถ€์˜ ์ง ํฌ๋กœ์šฐ ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ฃ .
09:14
If you are from a certain set of tribes,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šฌ๋ฆผ์ธ
09:17
most of them Muslim,
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ํŠน์ • ๋ฏผ์กฑ ์ถœ์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
09:18
you get sent to a different line.
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์ฐจ๋ณ„ ๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
Without an ID, you can't apply for a job.
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์‹ ์›ํ™•์ธ ์—†์ด๋Š” ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์ง€์›๋„ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:24
You can't get a bank loan.
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์€ํ–‰ ์œต์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
You can't enroll in university.
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๋Œ€ํ•™์— ์ž…ํ•™๋„ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ์š”.
09:28
You are excluded from society.
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์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋‹นํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
Khadija tried off and on to get an ID for eight years, without success.
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์นด๋””์Ÿˆ๋Š” 8๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์‹ ๋ถ„ํ™•์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
Then she met a paralegal working in her community
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•˜์‚ฐ ์นด์‹ฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”
09:40
named Hassan Kassim.
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์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ค€๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
Hassan explained to Khadija how vetting works,
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ํ•˜์‚ฐ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
he helped her gather the documents she needed,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์„œ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:48
helped prep her to go before the vetting committee.
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์œ„์›ํšŒ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ๋„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Finally, she was able to get an ID with Hassan's help.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•˜์‚ฐ์˜ ๋„์›€์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๋ถ„์ฆ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
First thing she did with it
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ถ„์ฆ์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ผ์€
09:57
was use it to apply for birth certificates for her children,
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ž๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
10:00
which they need in order to go to school.
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์ถœ์ƒ ์ฆ๋ช…์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
In the United States, among many other problems,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:09
we have a housing crisis.
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๊ทธ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์ฃผํƒ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
In many cities,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์˜ ์ฃผํƒ๋ฒ•์ •์—์„œ
10:14
90 percent of the landlords in housing court have attorneys,
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์ž„๋Œ€์ฃผ์˜ 90%๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ์ž„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
while 90 percent of the tenants do not.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์„ธ์ž…์ž๋“ค์˜ 90%๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ์ž„ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
In New York, a new crew of paralegals --
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๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ ์ •๋‹น์„ฑ ์กฐ์ข…์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
10:25
they're called Access to Justice Navigators --
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€ ํŒ€๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
10:27
helps people to understand housing law and to advocate for themselves.
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์ฃผํƒ๋ฒ•์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์„œ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋•์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
Normally in New York,
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๋ณดํ†ต ๋‰ด์š•์—์„œ๋Š”
10:34
one out of nine tenants brought to housing court
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์„ธ์ž…์ž 10๋ช… ์ค‘ 1๋ช…์ด ์ฃผํƒ๋ฒ•์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ถˆ๋ ค๊ฐ€
10:37
gets evicted.
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์ง‘์—์„œ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
Researchers took a look at 150 cases
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
10:42
in which people had help from these paralegals,
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ํ•œ๋ช…๋„ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋œ 150์—ฌ ๊ฑด์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
and they found no evictions at all,
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10:48
not one.
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ํ•œ ๊ฑด๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
10:49
A little bit of legal empowerment can go a long way.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ๋ณด์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
10:53
I see the beginnings of a real movement,
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์‹ค์ œ ์›€์ง์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์€ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
10:58
but we're nowhere near what's necessary.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋งŒํผ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์•ˆ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
Not yet.
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์•„์ง์€์š”.
11:02
In most countries around the world,
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ
11:04
governments do not provide a single dollar of support
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‹จ 1๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
to paralegals like Hassan and Kush.
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ํ•˜์‚ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฟ ์‰ฌ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๋ณด์กฐ์›์„ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:11
Most governments don't even recognize the role paralegals play,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•ด์ฃผ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
or protect paralegals from harm.
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๋˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์—์„œ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์ฃ .
11:17
I also don't want to give you the impression
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์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜
๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๋ณด์กฐ์›์ด๋‚˜ ์˜๋ขฐ์ธ์ด ๋Š˜ ์ด๊ธด๋‹ค๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
that paralegals and their clients win every time.
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11:23
Not at all.
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์ „ํ˜€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
11:25
That cement factory behind Ravi's village,
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๋ผ๋น„ ๋งˆ์„ ๋’ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ๊ณต์žฅ์€
11:27
it's been turning off the filtration system at night,
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์•ผ๊ฐ„์— ๊ณต๊ธฐ์ •ํ™” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
when it's least likely that the company would get caught.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์ ๋ฐœ๋  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์ฃ .
11:34
Running that filter costs money.
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์ž‘๋™์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ˆ์ด ๋“ค์ฃ .
11:36
Ravi WhatsApps photos of the polluted night sky.
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๋ผ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜ค์—ผ๋œ ๋ฐค ํ•˜๋Š˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์™€์ธ ์•ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
This is one he sent to Kush in May.
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์ด๊ฒŒ 5์›”์— ์ฟ ์‰ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
Ravi says the air is still unbreathable.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆจ์‰ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
At one point this year, Ravi went on hunger strike.
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์˜ฌํ•ด์— ๋ผ๋น„๋Š” ๋‹จ์‹ ํˆฌ์Ÿ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
Kush was frustrated.
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์ฟ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ์ขŒ์ ˆํ–ˆ์ฃ .
11:53
He said, "We can win if we use the law."
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€, "๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”." ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
11:56
Ravi said, "I believe in the law, I do,
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๋ผ๋น„๋Š”, "์ €๋„ ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€๋งŒ
11:59
but it's not getting us far enough."
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
12:02
Whether it's India, Kenya, the United States or anywhere else,
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์ธ๋„, ์ผ€๋ƒ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋””๋“ 
12:08
trying to squeeze justice out of broken systems
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ฅ์–ด์งœ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
12:11
is like Ravi's case.
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๋ผ๋น„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
Hope and despair are neck and neck.
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ํฌ๋ง๊ณผ ์ ˆ๋ง์ด ๋ฐ•๋น™์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์ฐจํ•˜์ฃ .
12:18
And so not only do we urgently need to support and protect
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธด๊ธ‰ํžˆ ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
the work of barefoot lawyers around the world,
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์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋งจ๋ฐœ์˜ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ๋•๊ณ  ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
12:25
we need to change the systems themselves.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
Every case a paralegal takes on
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๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๋ณด์กฐ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์€
12:32
is a story about how a system is working in practice.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
When you put those stories together,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์—ฐ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์•„๋ณด๋ฉด
12:39
it gives you a detailed portrait of the system as a whole.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ์ „์ฒด ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
People can use that information
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ
๋ฒ•๊ณผ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
to demand improvements to laws and policies.
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12:48
In India, paralegals and clients have drawn on their case experience
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์ธ๋„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๋ณด์กฐ์ธ๊ณผ ์˜๋ขฐ์ธ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์–ป์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
12:53
to propose smarter regulations for the handling of minerals.
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๊ด‘๋ฌผ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์€ ๊ทœ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
In Kenya, paralegals and clients are using data from thousands of cases
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์ผ€๋ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๋ณด์กฐ์ธ๊ณผ ์˜๋ขฐ์ธ์ด ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฑด์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—์„œ ์–ป์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ
13:02
to argue that vetting is unconstitutional.
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ฌด์› ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ—Œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:07
This is a different way of approaching reform.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœํ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
This is not a consultant flying into Myanmar
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๋ฏธ์–€๋งˆ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ž๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
with a template he's going to cut and paste from Macedonia,
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ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ผ€๋„๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ์ž๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
and this is not an angry tweet.
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ํ™”๋‚ด๋ฉฐ ์“ด ํŠธ์œ—๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
This is about growing reforms from the experience of ordinary people
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐœํ˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
trying to make the rules and systems work.
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๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
13:29
This transformation in the relationship between people and law
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋ฒ•๋ฅ  ๊ด€๊ณ„์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š”
13:35
is the right thing to do.
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ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:38
It's also essential for overcoming
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
all of the other great challenges of our times.
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์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:46
We are not going to avert environmental collapse
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ถ•๊ดด๋ฅผ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
if the people most affected by pollution
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์˜ค์—ผ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์ด
13:54
don't have a say in what happens to the land and the water,
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ํ† ์งˆ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์งˆ์— ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋ฐœ์–ธ๊ถŒ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
13:58
and we won't succeed in reducing poverty or expanding opportunity
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋นˆ๊ณค์„ ์ค„์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
if poor people can't exercise their basic rights.
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๋นˆ๊ณคํ•œ ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ๊ถŒ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
14:07
And I believe we won't overcome
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
the despair that authoritarian politicians prey upon
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๋…์žฌ์ •๊ถŒ์˜ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋ง์„์š”.
14:16
if our systems stay rigged.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ด๋Œ€๋กœ ์—‰๋ง์ด๋ผ๋ฉด์š”.
14:20
I called Ravi before coming here to ask permission to share his story.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๊ธฐ์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋„ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ผ๋น„์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
I asked if there was any message he wanted to give people.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
14:31
He said, "[Gujarati]."
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [๊ตฌ์ž๋ผํŠธ์–ด]
14:35
Wake up.
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๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜์„ธ์š”.
14:38
"[Gujarati]."
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[๊ตฌ์ž๋ผํŠธ์–ด]
14:40
Don't be afraid.
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๋‘๋ ค์›Œ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
14:42
"[Gujarati]."
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[๊ตฌ์ž๋ผํŠธ์–ด]
14:44
Fight with paper.
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๋ฌธ์„œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ์„ธ์š”.
14:45
By that I think he means fight using law rather than guns.
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์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ ๋ง์€ ๋ฌด๋ ฅ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
14:49
"[Gujarati]."
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[๊ตฌ์ž๋ผํŠธ์–ด]
14:55
Maybe not today, maybe not this year, maybe not in five years,
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์˜ค๋Š˜์ด๋‚˜ ์˜ฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  5๋…„ ์•ˆ์— ์•ˆ๋ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
14:58
but find justice.
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์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
15:04
If this guy, whose entire community is being poisoned every single day,
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์ง€์—ญ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋งค์ผ ๋…์— ๋ฌผ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
15:10
who was ready to take his own life --
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๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๊ฐ์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
if he's not giving up on seeking justice,
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:15
then the world can't give up either.
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์„ธ์ƒ๋„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
Ultimately, what Ravi calls "fighting with paper"
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๊ถ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ผ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ "๋ฌธ์„œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๊ฑด
15:22
is about forging a deeper version of democracy
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ์‹ฌ์˜คํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:27
in which we the people,
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๊ทธ ์†์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด
15:28
we don't just cast ballots every few years,
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๋ช‡ ๋…„์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ถŒ์„ ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
15:30
we take part daily in the rules and institutions that hold us together,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌถ์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ์ œ๋„์— ๋งค์ผ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:37
in which everyone, even the least powerful,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ฝํ•œ ์ด๋„
15:40
can know law, use law and shape law.
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๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
Making that happen, winning that fight,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ์‹ธ์›€์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๋ ค๋ฉด
15:48
requires all of us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
Thank you guys. Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:01
Kelo Kubu: Thanks, Vivek.
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์ผˆ๋กœ ์ฟ ๋ถ€: ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋น„๋ฒ ํฌ.
16:03
So I'm going to make a few assumptions
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์š”.
16:06
that people in this room know what the Sustainable Development Goals are
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ SDG (์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ชฉํ‘œ)๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๊ณ 
16:09
and how the process works,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
16:12
but I want us to talk a little bit
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:15
about Goal 16: Peace, justice and strong institutions.
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๋ชฉํ‘œ16์ธ ํ‰ํ™”, ์ •์˜์™€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ œ๋„์š”.
16:20
Vivek Maru: Yeah. Anybody remember the Millennium Development Goals?
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๋น„๋ฒ ํฌ ๋งˆ๋ฃจ: ๋„ค, ๋ฐ€๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์—„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„ ๊ณ„์„ธ์š”?
16:24
They were adopted in 2000 by the UN and governments around the world,
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UN๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€๋“ค์ด 2000๋…„์— ์ฑ„ํƒํ–ˆ๊ณ 
16:29
and they were for essential, laudable things.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ ๋„ ๊ฐ€์น˜์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:31
It was reduce child mortality by two thirds, cut hunger in half,
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์œ ์•„์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์„ 2/3๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์•„๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:35
crucial things.
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
16:36
But there was no mention of justice or fairness
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ •์˜๋‚˜ ๊ณต์ •ํ•จ
16:39
or accountability or corruption,
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์ฑ…์ž„์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€ํŒจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:41
and we have made progress during the 15 years
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์ง€๋‚œ 15๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ด๋ค˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
when those goals were in effect,
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๊ทธ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋“ค์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์ฃ .
16:46
but we are way behind what justice demands,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์˜์˜ ์š”๊ตฌ์—๋Š” ๋’ค์ณ์ € ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
and we're not going to get there unless we take justice into account.
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์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋Š” ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:53
And so when the debate started about the next development framework,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์˜ ํ‹€์„ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ 
16:56
the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals,
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2030 ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ฃ .
16:59
our community came together around the world
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ
17:02
to argue that access to justice and legal empowerment
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์ •์˜์™€ ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ํž˜์— ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด
17:06
should be a part of that new framework.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ‹€์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:08
And there was a lot of resistance.
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๊ทธ๋žฌ๋”๋‹ˆ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ €ํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
Those things are more political, more contentious than the other ones,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •์น˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋‹คํˆผ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
17:13
so we didn't know until the night before whether it was going to come through.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ†ต๊ณผ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ๋ฐค์ด ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:17
We squeaked by.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šฐ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
The 16th out of 17 goals commits to access to justice for all,
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17๊ฐœ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ค‘ 16๋ฒˆ ์งธ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:22
which is a big deal.
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๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
17:24
It's a big deal, yes. Let's clap for justice.
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ํฐ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐ•์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
17:27
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
17:29
Here's the scandal, though.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์Šค์บ”๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:31
The day the goals were adopted,
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๋ชฉํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ„ํƒ๋˜๋˜ ๋‚ 
17:34
most of them were accompanied by big commitments:
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํฐ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ ์•ฝ์†์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์™”์ฃ .
17:38
a billion dollars from the Gates Foundation
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๊ฒŒ์ด์ธ  ์žฌ๋‹จ๊ณผ
17:40
and the British government for nutrition;
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์˜์–‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์‹ญ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ
17:42
25 billion in public-private financing for health care for women and children.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์•„๋™์˜ ๋ณด๊ฑด ๊ณต๊ณต-์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ ์žฌ์ •์— 250์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์š”.
17:46
On access to justice, we had the words on the paper,
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์ •์˜์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ์€ ๋ฌธ์„œ์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜
17:49
but nobody pledged a penny,
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์‹ญ์›๋„ ์•ฝ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
17:52
and so that is the opportunity and the challenge that we face right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ด์ž ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:56
The world recognizes more than ever before
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์ด์ œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ์•„์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
17:59
that you can't have development without justice,
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์ •์˜ ์—†์ด๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ 
18:02
that people can't improve their lives if they can't exercise their rights,
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๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰์‚ฌ ์—†์ด๋Š” ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ์š”.
18:05
and what we need to do now is turn that rhetoric,
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์ด์ œ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„
18:09
turn that principle, into reality.
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๊ทธ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:12
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
18:17
KK: How can we help? What can people in this room do?
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KK: ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋ญ˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
18:20
VM: Great question. Thank you for asking.
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VM: ์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:23
I would say three things.
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:25
One is invest.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํˆฌ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:27
If you have 10 dollars, or a hundred dollars, a million dollars,
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10๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ, 100๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ, 100๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด
18:30
consider putting some of it towards grassroots legal empowerment.
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๊ตญ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ฒ•์  ํž˜์„ ์‹ฃ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
18:33
It's important in its own right
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๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:35
and it's crucial for just about everything else we care about.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
Number two,
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”
18:39
push your politicians and your governments to make this a public priority.
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์ •์น˜์ธ๊ณผ ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์••๋ฐ•ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
18:45
Just like health or education, access to justice
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๋ณด๊ฑด์ด๋‚˜ ๊ต์œก์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ •์˜์—์˜ ์ ‘๊ทผ์€
18:48
should be one of the things that a government owes its people,
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์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค˜์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:51
and we're nowhere close to that,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ธธ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฉ€์ฃ .
18:53
neither in rich countries or poor countries.
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๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋‚˜ ๋นˆ๊ณคํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ ๋ชจ๋‘์š”.
18:55
Number three is: be a paralegal in your own life.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฒ•๋ฅ ๋ณด์กฐ์ธ์ด ๋˜์„ธ์š”.
19:00
Find an injustice or a problem where you live.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ณ„์‹  ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ถˆ์˜๋‚˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:03
It's not hard to find, if you look.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
19:05
Is the river being contaminated,
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๊ฐ•์ด ์˜ค์—ผ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
19:06
the one that passes through the city where you live?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ณ„์‹  ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋กœ์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฐ•์ด์š”.
19:09
Are there workers getting paid less than minimum wage
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์ตœ์ €์ž„๊ธˆ๋„ ๋ชป ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
19:11
or who are working without safety gear?
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์•ˆ์ „์žฅ์น˜ ์—†์ด ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์š”?
19:13
Get to know the people most affected,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
19:16
find out what the rules say,
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๊ทœ์ •์— ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
19:17
see if you can use those rules to get a solution.
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๊ทธ ๊ทœ์ •์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
19:21
If it doesn't work, see if you can come together to improve those rules.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ๋˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ๊ทœ์ •์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
19:25
Because if we all start knowing law, using law and shaping law,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
19:31
then we will be building that deeper version of democracy
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๋ณด๋‹ค ์‹ฌ์˜คํ•œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:34
that I believe our world desperately needs.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ๋ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์–ด์š”.
19:39
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
19:40
KK: Thanks so much, Vivek. VM: Thank you.
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KK: ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋น„๋ฒ ํฌ. VM: ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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